Copy of `Dorland's Medical Dictionary`

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Dorland's Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 31/12/2010, USA Words: 39128

hypergnosis
(hi″pәr-no´sis) an exaggerated perception, such as expansion of an isolated idea into a complex philosophical system; seen in paranoia.

hypergonadism
(hi″pәr-go´nad-iz-әm) abnormally increased functional activity of the gonads, with excessive growth and precocious sexual development.

hypergonadotropic
(hi″pәr-gon″ә-do-tro´pik) relating to or caused by excessive amounts of gonadotropins.

hyperhemoglobinemia
(hi″pәr-he″mo-glo″bĭ-ne´me-ә) excessive hemoglobin in the blood.

hyperhidrosis
(hi″pәr-hĭ-dro´sis) excessive sweating. compensatory hyperhidrosis excessive sweating on one part of the body to compensate for damage and inactivity of nearby sweat glands. emotional hyperhidrosis any kind due to emotional stimuli. ...

hyperhydration
(hi″pәr-hi-dra´shәn) a state of excess fluids in the body; called also overhydration.

hyperimmune
(hi″pәr-ĭ-mūn´) having large quantities of specific antibodies in the serum.

hyperimmune globulin
any of various immune globulin preparations especially high in antibodies against certain specific diseases.

hyperimmunoglobulinemia
(hi″pәr-im″u-no-glob″u-lĭ-ne´me-ә) abnormally high levels of immunoglobulins in the serum.

hyperimmunoglobulinemia D syndrome
(HIDS) hyperimmunoglobulinemia D with periodic fever syndrome a periodic fever inherited as an autosomal recessive trait, with onset usually before one year of age. It is characterized by attacks of high fever preceded by chills, occurring about every 4 to 8 weeks and lasting 4 to 6 days, often with headache, arthr...

hyperimmunoglobulinemia E syndrome
an autosomal dominant immunodeficiency disorder, characterized by recurrent staphylococcal abscesses of skin, lungs, joints, and other sites; distinctive facial features; abnormalities of the teeth and bones; eosinophilia; and very high serum levels of the IgE class of immunoglobulins. Called also Buckley or Job syndrome. ...

hyperinflation
(hi″pәr-in-fla´shәn) excessive inflation or expansion, as of the lungs.

hyperinsulinemia
(hi″pәr-in″sә-lĭ-ne´me-ә) excessively high blood insulin levels.

hyperinsulinism
(hi″pәr-in´sә-lin-iz″әm) excessive secretion of insulin by the pancreas, resulting in hypoglycemia. insulin shock from overdosage of insulin.

hyperinvolution
(hi″pәr-in″vo-loo´shәn) superinvolution.

hyperirritability
(hi″pәr-ir″ĭ-tә-bil´ĭ-te) excessive irritability.

hyperisotonic
(hi″pәr-i″so-ton´ik) denoting a solution containing more than 0.45 per cent salt, in which exosmosis causes crenation (abnormal notching around the edges) of erythrocytes.

hyperkalemia
(hi″pәr-kә-le´me-ә) abnormally high potassium concentration in the blood, most often due to defective renal excretion, as in kidney disease, severe and extensive burns, intestinal obstruction, or Addison disease. When excessive, this can cause heart abnormalities with eventual cardiac arrest and ...

hyperkalemic periodic paralysis
see familial periodic paralysis.

hyperkeratinization
(hi″pәr-ker″ә-tin″ĭ-za´shәn) excessive development of keratin in the epidermis, usually on the palms of the hands or soles of the feet.

hyperkeratosis
(hi″pәr-ker″ә-to´sis) hypertrophy of the stratum corneum of the skin, or any of various diseases characterized by that. adj., hyperkeratot´ic., adj.

hyperkeratosis penetrans
(hi″pәr-ker″ә-to´sis pen´ә-tranz) Kyrle disease.

hyperketonemia
(hi″pәr-ke″to-ne´me-ә) ketonemia.

hyperketonuria
(hi″pәr-ke″to-nu´re-ә) ketonuria.

hyperketosis
(hi″pәr-ke-to´sis) ketosis.

hyperkinemia
(hi″pәr-kĭ-ne´me-ә) abnormally high cardiac output.

hyperkinesia
(hi″pәr-kĭ-ne´zhә) hyperactivity.

hyperkinesis
(hi″pәr-kĭ-ne´sis) hyperactivity.

hyperkinesis sign
Claude hyperkinesis sign.

hyperkinetic
(hi″pәr-kĭ-net´ik) hyperactive (see hyperactivity).

hyperkinetic heart syndrome
increased cardiac output of unknown cause associated with slightly elevated systolic and pulse pressures, normal mean arterial pressure, and low systemic vascular resistance.

hyperkinetic syndrome
former name for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

hyperlactation
(hi″pәr-lak-ta´shәn) lactation in greater than normal amount or for a longer than normal period; see also galactorrhea. Called also superlactation.

hyperleukocytosis
(hi″pәr-loo″ko-si-to´sis) extreme leukocytosis, as seen in certain forms of leukemia.

hyperlipemia
(hi″pәr-lĭ-pe´me-ә) hyperlipidemia.

hyperlipidemia
(hi″pәr-lip″ĭ-de´me-ә) elevated concentrations of any or all of the lipids in the blood, such as in hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, and other conditions. Called also hyperlipemia and lipemia. combined hyperlipidemia a hyperlipidemia in which severa...

hyperlipoproteinemia
(hi″pәr-lip″o-pro″te-ne´me-ә) an excess of lipoproteins in the blood, due to a disorder of lipoprotein metabolism; it may be acquired or hereditary. Acquired forms accompany other disorders or may be caused by environmental factors such as diet. There are a number of different hereditary fo...

hyperliposis
(hi″pәr-lĭ-po´sis) excess of fat in the blood (hyperlipidemia) or tissues.

hyperlucent lung
unilateral emphysema.

hyperlucent lung syndrome
a syndrome simulating localized emphysema, but due to congenital absence or hypoplasia of pulmonary arteries; there may be lobar or segmental agenesis, as well as accessory lungs, lobes, or segments.

hyperlysinemia
(hi″pәr-li″se-ne´me-ә) a congenital type of aminoacidopathy characterized by elevated levels of lysine in the blood, and marked by vomiting, spasticity, coma, and mental retardation; symptoms are related to protein intake.

hypermagnesemia
(hi″pәr-mag″nә-se´me-ә) an abnormally high magnesium content of the blood plasma.

hypermastia
(hi″pәr-mas´te-ә) polymastia. macromastia.

hypermature cataract
one in which the entire lens capsule is wrinkled and the contents have become solid and shrunken, or soft and liquid.

hypermenorrhea
(hi″pәr-men″o-re´ә) excessive menstruation; causes include uterine tumors, pelvic inflammatory disease, abnormal conditions of pregnancy, and endocrine disturbances. It may cause anemia. Called also menorrhagia.

hypermetabolism
(hi″pәr-mә-tab´o-liz-әm) increased metabolism. adj., hypermetabol´ic., adj. extrathyroidal hypermetabolism abnormally elevated basal metabolism unassociated with thyroid disease.

hypermetria
(hi″pәr-me´tre-ә) a type of ataxia in which movements overreach the intended goal.

hypermetrope
(hi″pәr-me´trōp) hyperope.

hypermetropia
(hi″pәr-me-tro´pe-ә) hyperopia.

hypermetropic astigmatism
hyperopic astigmatism.

hypermnesia
(hi″pәrm-ne´zhә) extreme retentiveness or unusual clarity of memory. adj. hypermnes´ic., adj.

hypermobile kidney
nephroptosis.

hypermorph
(hi´pәr-morf) a mutant gene characterized by an increase in the activity it influences. See also hypomorph.

hypermotility
(hi″pәr-mo-til´ĭ-te) excessive or abnormally increased motility, such as in the gastrointestinal tract.

hypermyotonia
(hi″pәr-mi″o-to´ne-ә) hypertonia.

hypermyotrophy
(hi″pәr-mi-ot´rә-fe) excessive development of muscular tissue.

hypernasality
(hi″pәr-na-zal´ĭ-te) a quality of voice in which the emission of air through the nose is excessive due to velopharyngeal insufficiency, so that the voice is high-pitched and speech intelligibility deteriorates. Called also rhinolalia aperta.

hypernatremia
(hi″pәr-nә-tre´me-ә) an excess of sodium in the blood, indicative of water loss exceeding the sodium loss. adj., hypernatre´mic., adj.

hypernatremic encephalopathy
a severe hemorrhagic encephalopathy induced by the hyperosmolarity accompanying hypernatremia and dehydration.

hyperneocytosis
(hi″pәr-ne″o-si-to´sis) hyperleukocytosis with an excessive number of immature forms of leukocytes.

hypernephroid carcinoma
renal cell carcinoma.

hypernephroma
(hi″pәr-nә-fro´mә) renal cell carcinoma.

hypernutrition
(hi″pәr-noo-trish´әn) hyperalimentation (def. 1).

hyperonychia
(hi″pәr-o-nik´e-ә) onychauxis.

hyperope
(hi´pәr-ōp) a person with hyperopia.

hyperopia
(hi″pәr-o´pe-ә) a defect of vision consisting of an error of refraction in which parallel light rays reaching the eye come to focus behind the retina, making vision better for distant objects than for near. Called also farsightedness. Hyperopia.

hyperopic astigmatism
that in which the light rays are brought to a focus behind the retina.

hyperorality
(hi″pәr-o-ral´ĭ-te) excessive placing of inedible objects into the mouth; this is normal behavior in babies but in older persons it may signify mental illness or dementia.

hyperorexia
(hi″pәr-o-rek´se-ә) excessive appetite; see hyperalimentation (def. 1).

hyperorthocytosis
(hi″pәr-or″tho-si-to´sis) hyperleukocytosis with normal proportions of the various forms of leukocytes.

hyperosmia
(hi″pәr-oz´me-ә) increased sensitivity of smell.

hyperosmolality
(hi″pәr-oz″mo-lal´ĭ-te) an increase in the osmolality of the body fluids.

hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome
hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state.

hyperosmolarity
(hi″pәr-oz″mo-lar´ĭ-te) abnormally increased osmotic concentration of a solution.

hyperostosis
(hi″pәr-os-to´sis) excessive growth of bony tissue. adj., hyperostot´ic., adj. frontal internal hyperostosis , hyperostosis frontalis interna a new formation of bone tissue protruding in patches on the internal surface of the cranial bones in the fron...

hyperoxaluria
(hi″pәr-ok″sә-lu´re-ә) an excess of oxalates in the urine, which can lead to formation of kidney stones. Called also oxaluria. enteric hyperoxaluria formation of calcium oxalate calculi in the urinary tract, occurring after extensive resection or disease of t...

hyperoxemia
(hi″pәr-ok-se´me-ә) excessive acidity of the blood.

hyperoxia
(hi″pәr-ok´se-ә) excessive oxygen in the body.

hyperparasite
(hi″pәr-par´ә-sīt) a parasite that preys on another parasite. adj., hyperparasit´ic., adj.

hyperparathyroidism
(hi″pәr-par″ә-thi´roid-iz-әm) abnormally increased activity of the parathyroid gland; it may be either primary or secondary. Since hyperparathyroidism is a common cause of increased calcium levels, hypercalcemia discovered during routine testing often leads to diagnosis of the condition. An exces...

hyperperistalsis
(hi″pәr-per″ĭ-stawl´sis) excessively active peristalsis.

hyperphalangia
(hi″pәr-fә-lan´jә) hyperphalangism.

hyperphalangism
(hi″pәr-fә-lan´jiz-әm) more than the usual number of phalanges on a finger or toe.

hyperphenylalaninemia
(hi″pәr-fen″әl-al″ә-nĭ-ne´me-ә) an excess of phenylalanine in the blood, as in phenylketonuria.

hyperphonesis
(hi″pәr-fo-ne´sis) intensification of the sound in auscultation or percussion.

hyperphoria
(hi´pәr-for´e-ә) a type of heterophoria in which there is permanent upward deviation of the visual axis of an eye in the absence of visual stimuli.

hyperphosphatasemia
(hi″pәr-fos″fә-ta-se´me-ә) high levels of alkaline phosphatase in the blood; see hyperphosphatasia.

hyperphosphatasia
(hi″pәr-fos″fә-ta´zhә) a hereditary condition transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait, marked by abnormally high levels of alkaline phosphatase levels in the serum; other characteristics include macrocrania, short neck and thorax, lateral bowing of the femurs, and anterior bowing of the tibia...

hyperphosphatemia
(hi″pәr-fos″fә-te´me-ә) an excess of phosphates in the blood.

hyperphosphaturia
(hi″pәr-fos″fә-tu´re-ә) excessive phosphates in the urine, such as in hyperparathyroidism, rickets, or inability of renal tubules to reabsorb phosphorus.

hyperpigmentation
(hi″pәr-pig″mәn-ta´shәn) abnormally increased pigmentation.

hyperpituitarism
(hi″pәr-pĭ-too´ĭ-tә-riz″әm) a condition due to pathologically increased activity of the pituitary gland, especially increased secretion of growth hormone, resulting in acromegaly or gigantism.

hyperplasia
(hi″pәr-pla´zhә) abnormal increase in volume of a tissue or organ caused by the formation and growth of new normal cells. See also hypertrophy and proliferation. adj., hyperplas´tic., adj.

hyperplastic inflammation
a type that leads to formation of new connective tissue fibers. Called also productive or proliferative inflammation.

hyperploid
(hi´pәr-ploid) characterized by hyperploidy. an individual or cell exhibiting hyperploidy.

hyperploidy
(hi″pәr-ploi´de) the state of having more than the typical number of chromosomes in unbalanced sets, as in Down syndrome.

hyperpnea
(hi″pәr-ne´ә) (hi″pәrp-ne´ә) increase in depth of breathing, which may or may not be accompanied by an increase in the respiratory rate. Maximal hyperpnea occurs during strenuous exercise. See also hyperventilation. adj., hyperpne´ic., adj.

hyperpolarization
(hi″pәr-po″lәr-ĭ-za´shәn) any increase in the amount of electrical charge separated by the cell membrane and hence in the strength of the membrane potential. In cardiology this is the process by which an electrical fiber, at the end of phase 3 repolarization, becomes more negative than usual...

hyperponesis
(hi″pәr-po-ne´sis) excessive output of action potentials from the motor and premotor areas of the cerebral cortex. adj., hyperponet´ic., adj.

hyperposia
(hi″pәr-po´zhә) abnormally increased ingestion of fluids for relatively brief periods.