Copy of `Dorland's Medical Dictionary`

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Dorland's Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 31/12/2010, USA Words: 39128

homoiotypic tumor
homologous tumor one made up of tissue resembling that in which it grows.

homolateral
(ho″mo-lat´әr-әl) ipsilateral.

homologous
(ho-mol´ә-gәs) corresponding in structure, position, origin, or other aspects. allogeneic. pertaining to an antibody and the antigen that elicited its production.

homologous chromosomes
a matching pair of chromosomes, one from each parent, with the same gene loci in the same order.

homologous graft
a graft of tissue obtained from the body of another animal of the same species but with a genotype differing from that of the recipient; called also allograft and homograft.

homologous restriction factor
(HRF) a regulatory protein that binds to the membrane attack complex in autologous cells, inhibiting the final stages of complement activation.

homologue
(ho´mo-log) any organ or part similar in origin or structure but not always in function, as the arms of a human and the wings of a bird or the hands and feet of a human and the paws of a dog. in chemistry, one of a series of compounds distinguished by addition of a CH2 group in successive members. ...

homology
(ho-mol´ә-je) the state of being homologous.

homolysin
(ho-mol´ә-sin) a lysin produced by injection into the body of an antigen derived from an individual of the same species.

homonomous
(ho-mon´ә-mәs) subject to the same laws; in biology, subject to the same laws of growth or developed along the same line.

homonymous
(ho-mon´ĭ-mәs) having the same or corresponding sound or name. standing in the same relation.

homophilic
(ho″mo-fil´ik) reacting only with specific antigen.

homoplastic
(ho″mo-plas´tik) pertaining to homoplasty. allogeneic. denoting organs or parts, as the wings of birds and insects, that resemble one another in structure and function but not in origin or development.

homoplasty
(ho´mo-plas″te) allogeneic transplantation. similarity between organs or their parts not due to common ancestry.

homorganic
(hom″or-gan´ik) produced by the same or by homologous organs.

homosalate
(ho″mo-sal´āt) a sunscreen effective against ultraviolet B rays, applied topically to the skin.

homosexual
(ho″mo-sek´shoo-әl) pertaining to the same sex; directed toward a person of the same sex; the opposite of heterosexual. one who is sexually attracted to persons of the same sex.

homosexual panic
an acute, extreme anxiety reaction brought on by circumstances that cause the unconscious fear of being homosexual or of succumbing to homosexual impulses.

homosexuality
(ho″mo-sek″shoo-al´ĭ-te) sexual orientation toward or activity with persons of the same sex.

homotherm
(ho´mo-thәrm) homeotherm.. adj., homother´mal, homother´mic., adj.

homotopic
(ho″mo-top´ik) occurring at the same place upon the body.

homotopic transplantation
orthotopic transplantation.

homotype
(ho´mo-tīp″) a part having reversed symmetry with its mate, as the hand. adj., homotyp´ic., adj.

homoxenous
(ho-mok´sә-nәs) requiring only one host in the life cycle; said of certain parasites.

homozygosity
(ho″mo-zi-gos´ĭ-te) the state of having a pair of identical alleles at a given locus. adj., homozy´gous, adj. .

homozygote
(ho″mo-zi´gōt) an individual exhibiting homozygosity.

homozygous typing cells
(HTC) cells homozygous for a known HLA-D specificity; panels of HTC of all established HLA-D types are used to determine the HLA-D type of unknown cells using one-way mixed lymphocyte reactions.

homunculus
(ho-munk´u-lәs) a dwarf without deformity or disproportion of parts.

honeybee lens
a magnifying eyeglass lens designed to resemble the multifaceted eye of the honeybee. It consists of three or six small telescopes mounted in the upper portion, directed toward the center and right and left visual fields. Prisms are included to provide a continuous, unbroken magnified field of view.

hook
(hook) a curved instrument, usually with a sharp point, designed for holding, elevating, or exerting traction on a tissue. something with a long, thin, curved shape resembling that of this instrument; see also hamulus and uncus.

hookworm
(hook´wurm″) any of various parasitic roundworms that affect mammals, including humans, around the world. They enter the human body through the skin and migrate to the intestines, where they attach to the intestinal wall and suck blood for nourishment. Species of Necator and Ancylostoma are the most common human p...

hookworm anemia
hypochromic microcytic anemia occurring as part of hookworm disease. Called also ground itch anemia.

hookworm disease
infection with hookworms; see necatoriasis and ancylostomiasis. Once fairly common, it is now largely confined to rural or poor areas where modern sanitation is lacking. Larval hookworms enter the body by burrowing through the skin, usually on the sole of the foot; there may be small eruptions with pus-filled blisters on ...

Hoover sign
(hoo´vәr) in the normal state or in true paralysis, when the patient lies on their back and presses one leg against the surface on which they are lying, their other leg will lift. movement of the costal margins toward the midline in inhalation, bilaterally in pulmonary emphysema and unilaterally in c...

Hope sign
double heart beat in aortic aneurysm.

Hoppe-Seyler test
(for carbon monoxide in the blood) add to blood twice its volume of a solution of sodium hydroxide of 1.3 specific gravity: normal blood will form a dingy brown mass with a green shade if spread thin on a white surface; but if carbon monoxide is present, the mass is red, and so is the thin layer. (for xanthi...

hordeolum
(hor-de´o-lәm) sty.

horizon
(hŏ-ri´zәn) a specific anatomic stage of embryonic development, of which 23 have been defined, beginning with the unicellular zygote (fertilized egg) and ending 7 to 9 weeks later with the beginning of the fetal stage.

horizontal
(hor″ĭ-zon´tәl) parallel to the plane of the horizon. spreading from one individual to another; see horizontal transmission.

horizontal beam imaging
a grid positioning technique in radiology in which the grid cassette is positioned with its lead lines perpendicular to the floor.

horizontal cell
a type of nerve cell found in the retina; there are two types, each with one long neural process and several short ones.

horizontal cell of Cajal
Cajal cell (def. 2).

horizontal cell of retina
horizontal cell.

horizontal diplopia
diplopia in which the two images lie in the same horizontal plane, being either direct or crossed.

horizontal maxillary fracture
Le Fort I fracture.

horizontal plane
transverse plane.

horizontal position
the position assumed by a person lying on the back with limbs extended.

hormesis
(hor-me´sis) stimulation by a subinhibitory concentration of a toxic substance.

hormonagogue
(hor-mōn´ә-gog) an agent that increases the production of hormones.

hormonal therapy
hormone therapy endocrine therapy.

hormone
(hor´mōn) a chemical transmitter substance produced by cells of the body and transported by the bloodstream to the cells and organs on which it has a specific regulatory effect. Hormones act as chemical messengers to body organs, stimulating certain life processes and retarding others. Growth, reproduction, control...

hormone replacement therapy
the administration of hormones to correct a deficiency, such as estrogen replacement therapy after menopause.

hormonopoiesis
(hor-mo″no-poi-e´sis) the production of hormones. adj., hormonopoiet´ic., adj.

hormonotherapy
(hor-mo″no-ther´ә-pe) treatment by the use of hormones; endocrinotherapy.

horn
(horn) a pointed projection such as the paired processes on the head of various animals, or other structure resembling them in shape. an excrescence or projection shaped like the horn of an animal.

horn cell
an epithelial cell that has lost its protoplasm, has sharp edges, and looks horny. any ganglion cell of the horns of the spinal cord.

Horn degeneration
degeneration with nuclear proliferation in striated muscles.

horn of pulp
an extension of the dental pulp up into the area under a cusp or lobe of the tooth.

Horner muscle
(hor´nәr) the lacrimal part of the orbicularis oculi muscle.

Horner sign
Spalding sign.

Horner syndrome
(hor´nәr) sinking in of the eyeball, ptosis of the upper eyelid, slight elevation of the lower lid, constriction of the pupil, narrowing of the palpebral fissure, and anhidrosis caused by paralysis of the cervical sympathetic nerve supply.

Horner teeth
incisor teeth that are horizontally grooved because of a deficiency of enamel.

horny
(hor´ne) pertaining to or resembling a horn; called also corneous, keratic, and keratinous.

horny layer
stratum corneum.

horopter
(ho-rop´tәr) the sum of all points seen in binocular vision with the eyes fixed.

horripilation
(hor″ĭ-pĭ-la´shәn) erection of the fine hairs of the skin, as in goose flesh; called also piloerection.

horse cell test
monospot test.

horseshoe fistula
one near the anus, having a semicircular tract with both openings on the skin.

horseshoe kidney
a congenital condition in which the two kidneys are linked at one end by a band of tissue.

Horsley operation
excision of an area of motor cortex for relief of athetoid and convulsive movements of an upper extremity; of historical interest.

Horsley sign
if there is a difference in the temperature in the two axillae, the higher temperature will be on the paralyzed side.

Hortega cell
microglial cell.

Horton arteritis
(hor´tәn) giant cell arteritis.

Horton disease
(hor´tәn) cluster headache. giant cell arteritis.

Horton syndrome
(hor´tәn) giant cell arteritis.

hospice
(hos´pis) originally, a medieval guest house or way station for pilgrims and travelers. The term is currently used to designate either a place or a philosophy of care for persons in the last stages of life and their families. A hospice program provides palliative and supportive care for terminally ill patients and...

hospital
(hos´pĭ-tәl) an institution for the care and treatment of the acutely sick and injured. day hospital a facility that offers professional health care, such as psychiatric care or rehabilitation services, to individuals who require services but are able to return to thei...

hospitalization
(hos″pĭ-tәl-ĭ-za´shәn) the placing of a patient in a hospital. the period of confinement in a hospital. partial hospitalization a psychiatric treatment program for patients who do not need full-time hospitalization, involving a special facility or...

host
(hōst) an animal or plant that harbors and provides sustenance for another organism (the parasite). the recipient of an organ or other tissue derived from another organism (the donor).

host modulating therapy
efforts to control periodontal disease by directly targeting the host response; an example is the use of drugs that do this, such as sub-antimicrobial doses of doxycycline, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, or bisphosphonates.

host of predilection
the host preferred by a parasite.

hot
(hot) characterized by high temperature. radioactive; particularly used to denote the presence of significantly or dangerously high levels of radioactivity.

hot foot syndrome
Pseudomonas hot foot syndrome.

hot line
(hot līn) telephone assistance for those in need of crisis intervention, as in suicide prevention; this is usually available 24 hours a day, seven days a week, and is staffed by nonprofessionals with mental health professionals who serve as advisors or in a back-up capacity.

hot spot
see temperature spots. the sensitive area of a neuroma. an area of increased density on an x-ray or thermographic film. a region of a genome that has a particularly high tendency for recombination or mutation.

hot spot imaging
infarct avid scintigraphy.

hot tub lung
hypersensitivity pneumonitis associated with indoor hot tub use, caused by inhalation of aerosolized Mycobacterium avium complex.

Hounsfield unit
a unit of x-ray attenuation used for CT scans, each pixel being assigned a value on a scale on which air is −1000, water is 0, and compact bone is +1000. Symbol H.

hour
(our) a unit of time, being 60 minutes. the time something occurs. a unit of educational credit. golden hour the first hour following a traumatic injury; patients who are in the operating room within one hour of injury have a much higher survival rate.

hourglass tumor
a spinal tumor made up of intradural and extradural masses joined by a narrow pedicle passing through an enlarged intervertebral foramen.

housekeeping gene
one that encodes a protein needed for basic cell function and so is expressed in all cells.

housing
(houz´ing) one or more buildings where people live. congregate housing a living arrangement for healthy older adults in which residents live in their own apartments and may take their meals in a common dining room, with various opportunities for socialization with other residents...

Houston muscle
(hu´ston) fibers of the bulbocavernosus muscle compressing the dorsal vein of the penis.

Howel-Evans syndrome
(hou´әl-ev´әnz) a rare type of diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma usually seen in children and associated with development of esophageal cancer later in life.

Howell bodies
Howell-Jolly bodies smooth, round remnants of nuclear chromatin seen in erythrocytes in megaloblastic and hemolytic anemia, in various leukemias and after splenectomy.

Howship lacuna
resorption lacuna.

Howship-Romberg sign
pain passing down the inner side of the thigh to the knee due to pressure on the obturator nerve by an obturator hernia.

Hp
haptoglobin.

HPL
hPL human placental lactogen.

hr
hour.