Copy of `Dorland's Medical Dictionary`

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Dorland's Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 31/12/2010, USA Words: 39128

hepatitis E virus
an enterically transmitted calicivirus that causes hepatitis E.

hepatitis G
a type sometimes seen after a transfusion, caused by the hepatitis G virus; it ranges in severity from symptom-free to fulminant.

hepatitis G virus
a parenterally transmitted flavivirus originally isolated from a patient with chronic hepatitis; most infections are benign, and it is uncertain if this virus can cause liver disease.

hepatitis GB virus
(HGBV) a group of viruses isolated from a patient with hepatitis and classified as HGBV-A, HGBV-B, and HGBV-C; HGBV-C belongs to the same species as hepatitis G virus. The name is derived from the patient's initials (G.B.).

hepatization
(hep″ә-tĭ-za´shәn) consolidation of tissue into a liverlike mass, especially as occurs in the lung in lobar pneumonia. The early stage, in which the pulmonary exudate is blood stained, is called red hepatization. The later stage, in which the red blood cells disintegrate and a fibrinosuppurative exudate...

hepatobiliary
(hep″ә-to-bil´e-ar″e) pertaining to the liver and the bile or the bile ducts.

hepatoblastoma
(hep″ә-to-blas-to´mә) a malignant intrahepatic tumor consisting chiefly of embryonic tissue, occurring in infants and young children.

hepatocarcinoma
(hep″ә-to-kahr″sĭ-no´mә) hepatocellular carcinoma.

hepatocele
(hә-pat´o-sēl) hernia of the liver.

hepatocellular
(hep″ә-to-sel´u-lәr) pertaining to or affecting hepatic cells.

hepatocellular adenoma
a large, fleshy, hypervascular tumor of the liver occurring chiefly in women of childbearing age and associated with oral contraceptive use. It is composed of sheets of cells with areas of hemorrhage and necrosis and has a tendency to hemorrhage and rupture; it may become malignant.

hepatocellular carcinoma
primary carcinoma of the liver cells with hepatomegaly, jaundice, hemoperitoneum, and other symptoms of the presence of an abdominal mass. It is rare in North America and Western Europe but is one of the most common malignancies in parts of sub-Saharan Africa, Southeast Asia, East Asia, and elsewhere. A strong association...

hepatocellular jaundice
jaundice caused by injury to or disease of the liver cells.

hepatocholangiocarcinoma
(hep″ә-to-ko-lan″je-o-kahr″sĭ-no´mә) cholangiohepatoma.

hepatocholangitis
(hep″ә-to-ko″lan-ji´tis) inflammation of the liver and bile ducts.

hepatocystic
(hep″ә-to-sis´tik) pertaining to the liver and gallbladder.

hepatocyte
(hep´ә-to-sīt) hepatic cell.

hepatodynia
(hep″ә-to-din´e-ә) pain in the liver.

hepatoerythropoietic porphyria
(HEP) a severe homozygous form of porphyria cutanea tarda believed to result from an autosomal dominant defect in the same enzyme as is affected in porphyria cutanea tarda; it is clinically identical to that disease but onset is in early childhood and there is almost no enzyme activity in the liver, erythrocytes, ...

hepatogastric
(hep″ә-to-gas´trik) pertaining to the liver and stomach.

hepatogenic
(hep″ә-to-jen´ik) giving rise to or forming liver tissue. originating in or caused by the liver; called also hepatogenous.

hepatogenic jaundice
hepatogenous jaundice any type due to a disease or disorder of the liver.

hepatogenous
(hep″ә-toj´ә-nәs) hepatogenic.

hepatogram
(hep´ә-to-gram) a radiograph of the liver.

hepatography
(hep″ә-tog´rә-fe) radiography of the liver.

hepatojugular
(hep″ә-to-jug´u-lәr) pertaining to the liver and jugular vein.

hepatojugular reflex
incorrect term for hepatojugular reflux.

hepatolenticular degeneration
Wilson disease.

hepatolenticular disease
Wilson disease.

hepatolith
(hep´ә-to-lith″) a calculus in the liver.

hepatolithectomy
(hep″ә-to-lĭ-thek´tә-me) removal of a calculus from the liver.

hepatolithiasis
(hep″ә-to-lĭ-thi´ә-sis) the formation or presence of calculi in the liver.

hepatology
(hep″ә-tol´ә-je) the scientific study of the liver and its diseases.

hepatolysin
(hep″ә-tol´ĭ-sin) a cytolysin destructive to liver cells.

hepatolysis
(hep″ә-tol´ĭ-sis) destruction of the liver cells. adj., hepatolyt´ic., adj.

hepatoma
(hep″ә-to´mә) a tumor of the liver. hepatocellular carcinoma.

hepatomalacia
(hep″ә-to-mә-la´shә) softening of the liver.

hepatomegaly
(hep″ә-to-meg´ә-le) enlargement of the liver.

hepatomelanosis
(hep″ә-to-mel″ә-no´sis) melanosis of the liver.

hepatomphalocele
(hep″ә-tom´fә-lo-sēl) umbilical hernia with liver involvement in the hernial sac.

hepatonephric
(hep″ә-to-nef´rik) pertaining to the liver and kidney.

hepatopancreatic ampulla
a flasklike cavity in the major duodenal papilla into which the common bile duct and pancreatic duct open. Called also ampulla of Vater. Hepatopancreatic ampulla, receiving the common bile and pancreatic ducts and entering the duodenum at the major duodenal papilla.

hepatopathy
(hep″ә-top´ә-the) any disease of the liver.

hepatopexy
(hep″ә-to-pek´se) surgical fixation of a displaced liver to the abdominal wall.

hepatopleural
(hep″ә-to-ploor´әl) pertaining to the liver and pleura or pleural cavity.

hepatopneumonic
(hep″ә-to-ndbobr-mon´ik) pertaining to, affecting, or communicating with the liver and lungs.

hepatoportal
(hep″ә-to-por´tәl) pertaining to the portal system of the liver.

hepatopulmonary
(hep″ә-to-pool´mo-nar-e) hepatopneumonic.

hepatopulmonary syndrome
arterial hypoxemia caused by pulmonary vasodilation in conjunction with chronic liver disease, usually occurring as a result of portal hypertension in cirrhosis.

hepatorenal
(hep″ә-to-re´nәl) pertaining to the liver and kidneys.

hepatorenal bypass
insertion of a vascular prosthesis between the common hepatic artery and the renal artery, serving as a passage around an occluded segment of renal artery.

hepatorenal syndrome
oliguria and renal failure in a patient with anatomically and morphologically normal kidneys in the presence of liver failure. Prognosis is poor.

hepatorrhaphy
(hep″ә-tor´ә-fe) surgical repair of the liver.

hepatorrhexis
(hep″ә-to-rek´sis) rupture of the liver.

hepatoscan
(hep´ә-to-skan) a surface scintiscan of the liver.

hepatoscopy
(hep″ә-tos´kә-pe) examination of the liver.

hepatosis
(hep″ә-to´sis) any functional disorder of the liver. serous hepatosis veno-occlusive disease of the liver.

hepatosplenitis
(hep″ә-to-splә-ni´tis) inflammation of the liver and spleen.

hepatosplenography
(hep″ә-to-splә-nog´rә-fe) radiography of the liver and spleen.

hepatosplenomegaly
(hep″ә-to-sple″no-meg´ә-le) enlargement of the liver and spleen.

hepatotomy
(hep″ә-tot´ә-me) incision of the liver.

hepatotoxin
(hep´ә-to-tok″sin) a toxic substance that destroys liver cells. adj., hep´atotoxic., adj.

hepatotropic
(hep″ә-to-tro´pik) having a special affinity for or exerting a specific effect on the liver, such as a hepatotropic virus.

hepatotropic virus
a virus that primarily affects the liver, such as the hepatitis viruses.

Hepatovirus
(hep´ә-to-vi″rәs) the hepatitis A viruses, a genus of picornaviruses.

heptachromic
(hep″tә-kro´mik) pertaining to or exhibiting seven colors. having vision for all seven colors of the spectrum.

heptose
(hep´tōs) a sugar whose molecule contains seven carbon atoms.

herb
(әrb) (hәrb) any leafy plant without a woody stem, especially one used medicinally or as a flavoring.

herbal medicine
herbalism.

herbalism
(ur´-) (hur´bәl-iz-әm) the medical use of preparations containing only plant material.

Herbert operation
displacement of a wedge-shaped flap of sclera in order to form a filtering cicatrix in glaucoma.

herbicide
(ur´-) (hur´bĭ-sīd) an agent that is destructive to weeds or causes an alteration in their normal growth.

herd immunity
the resistance of a group to attack by a disease because of the immunity of a large number of members, which lowers the chances of an affected individual coming into contact with someone who is susceptible.

hereditary
(hә-red´ĭ-tar-e) genetically transmitted from parent to offspring.

hereditary allergy
atopy.

hereditary amyloidosis
familial amyloidosis.

hereditary ataxia
Friedreich ataxia.

hereditary bone dysplasia
a heterogeneous group of more than 80 distinct skeletal disorders associated with abnormalities in the size, shape, and proportions of the limbs, trunk, and skull, often resulting in short, disproportionate stature.

hereditary cerebrospinal paralysis
hereditary spastic paraplegia.

hereditary disease
one that is transmitted genetically from parents to children.

hereditary iron-loading anemia
hereditary sideroblastic anemia.

hereditary mixed polyposis syndrome
a an autosomal dominant syndrome characterized by the occurrence of atypical juvenile polyps of mixed histologic type, colonic adenomas, and colorectal carcinomas.

hereditary optic atrophy
Leber hereditary optic neuropathy.

hereditary optic neuropathy
Leber hereditary optic n.

hereditary sensory neuropathy
hereditary sensory radicular neuropathy.

hereditary sideroachrestic anemia
hereditary sideroblastic anemia an X-linked anemia, usually detected in childhood or early adulthood, characterized by an abundance of ringed sideroblasts, hypochromic, microcytic erythrocytes, poikilocytosis, weakness, and iron overload in later years. Called also Rundles-Falls syndrome.

heredity
(hә-red´ĭ-te) the genetic transmission of traits from parents to offspring. The hereditary material is contained in the oocyte and spermatozoon, so that the offspring's heredity is determined at the moment of conception. See also chromosome and gene.

heredodegenerative disease
any disease of the central nervous system characterized by specific loss of neural tissue due to hereditary influence.

Herendeen phenomenon
rarely occurring rapid enlargement of a giant cell tumor of bone for several weeks to months after therapeutic irradiation of the lesion.

Hering test
(for binocular versus monocular vision) the subject looks with both eyes through a tube blackened within and having a thread running vertically across the farther end. A small round body is placed either before or behind the thread. If vision is binocular, the subject can immediately tell whether the ball is nearer than t...

heritability
(her″ĭ-tә-bil´ĭ-te) the capacity to be inherited. a measure of the extent to which a phenotype is influenced by the genotype. adj., her´itable, adj. .

Herlitz disease
(her´lits) junctional epidermolysis bullosa.

Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome
(hәr-mahn´ske pood´lahk) an autosomal recessive form of tyrosinase-positive oculocutaneous albinism with a hemorrhagic diathesis secondary to a platelet defect, and accumulation of a ceroidlike substance in the reticuloendothelial system, oral mucosa, and urine.

hermaphrodism
(hәr-maf´ro-diz-әm) hermaphroditism.

hermaphrodite
(hәr-maf´ro-dīt) an individual with hermaphroditism, presence of tissue of both male and female gonads; the ovaries and testes may be present as separate organs, or ovarian and testicular tissue may be combined in the same organ (ovotestis).

hermaphroditism
(hәr-maf´ro-di-tiz″әm) presence of both ovarian and testicular tissue and of ambiguous morphologic criteria of sex, a rare condition in human beings. Hermaphroditism is not to be confused with pseudohermaphroditism, in which an individual has only one kind of gonad but has significant secondary sex cha...

hermetic
(hәr-met´ik) impervious to the air.

hernia
(hur´ne-ә) protrusion of part of an organ or tissue through the structures normally containing it because of a weak spot or other abnormal opening; it may be either congenital or acquired. adj., her´nial., adj.

hernia of the iris
protrusion of a part of the iris.

hernia uteri inguinalis
(hur´ne-ә u´tәr-i ing″gwĭ-na´lis) a common type of persistent müllerian duct syndrome.