Copy of `Dorland's Medical Dictionary`

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Dorland's Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 31/12/2010, USA Words: 39128

hyperammonemia
(hi″pәr-am″o-ne´me-ә) elevated levels of ammonia or its compounds in the blood. A congenital form occurs in two types: Type 1, due to deficiency of the enzyme ornithine carbamoyltransferase, is marked by vomiting, lethargy, coma, and enlargement of the liver; symptoms become worse when the indivi...

hyperammonuria
(hi″pәr-am″o-nu´re-ә) increased excretion of ammonia in the urine, as with hyperammonemia; called also ammoniuria.

hyperamylasemia
(hi″pәr-am″ә-la-se´me-ә) abnormally high levels of amylase in the blood.

hyperanakinesia
(hi″pәr-an″ә-kĭ-ne´zhә) excessive motor activity.

hyperandrogenism
(hi″pәr-an´dro-jәn-iz-әm) the state of having excessive secretion of androgens, as seen in hyperplasia of the adrenal gland, some types of precocious puberty, and other conditions.

hyperaphia
(hi″pәr-a´fe-ә) abnormal acuteness of the sense of touch. adj., hyperaph´ic., adj.

hyperarousal
(hi″pәr-ә-rou´sәl) a state of increased psychological and physiological tension marked by such effects as reduced pain tolerance, anxiety, exaggerated startle responses, insomnia, fatigue, and accentuation of personality traits.

hyperazotemia
(hi″pәr-az″o-te´me-ә) excess of nitrogenous matter in the blood.

hyperazoturia
(hi″pәr-az″o-tu´re-ә) azoturia.

hyperbaric
(hi″pәr-bar´ik) characterized by greater than normal pressure or weight; applied to gases under greater than atmospheric pressure, or to a solution of greater specific gravity than another taken as a standard of reference.

hyperbaric chamber
an enclosed space in which gas (oxygen) can be raised to greater than atmospheric pressure; see also hyperbaric oxygenation.

hyperbaric oxygenation
(HBO) exposure to oxygen under pressure greater than normal atmospheric pressure, done for those who need more oxygen than they can take in by breathing in the normal atmosphere or using an oxygen mask. See also hyperbaric chamber.

hyperbaric solution
one having a greater specific gravity than a standard of reference.

hyperbarism
(hi″pәr-bar´iz-әm) a condition due to exposure to ambient gas pressure or atmospheric pressures exceeding the pressure within the body.

hyperbetalipoproteinemia
(hi″pәr-ba″tә-lip″o-pro″te-ne´me-ә) increased accumulation of low-density lipoproteins (β-lipoproteins) in the blood.

hyperbilirubinemia
(hi″pәr-bil″ĭ-roo″bĭ-ne´me-ә) an excess of bilirubin in the blood, occurring as a result of liver or biliary tract dysfunction or with excessive destruction of red blood cells. It is classified as conjugated or unconjugated, according to the type of bilirubin present. Jaundice is ...

hyperbilirubinemia I
Gilbert syndrome.

hyperbilirubinemia II
Dubin-Johnson syndrome.

hyperbrachycephalic
(hi″pәr-brak″e-sә-fal´ik) having a very short, wide head.

hyperbradykininemia
(hi″pәr-brad″e-ki″nĭ-ne´me-ә) excessive bradykinin in the blood.

hyperbradykininism
(hi″pәr-brad″e-ki´nĭ-niz-әm) a syndrome in which elevated blood levels of bradykinin are associated with a fall in systolic blood pressure when the person stands up, with increased diastolic blood pressure and heart rate, as well as purplish discoloration and ecchymoses of the lower limbs.

hypercalcemia
(hi″pәr-kal-se´me-ә) excessive calcium in the blood; the primary symptom is that neuromuscular activity diminishes. Symptoms include lethargy, muscle weakness (which, as the level of calcium increases, can progress to depressed reflexes and hypotonic muscles), constipation, mental confusion, and eventu...

hypercalcemia syndrome
milk-alkali syndrome.

hypercalciuria
(hi″pәr-kal″se-u´re-ә) excessive calcium in the urine, such as in hypercalcemia or in defective renal tubular reabsorption of calcium.

hypercapnia
(hi″pәr-kap´ne-ә) excess of carbon dioxide in the blood, indicated by an elevated PaCO2 as determined by blood gas analysis, and resulting in respiratory acidosis. Called also hypercarbia. adj., hypercap´nic., adj. permissive hypercapnia ventilation that allows ...

hypercapnic acidosis
respiratory acidosis.

hypercarbia
(hi″pәr-kahr´be-ә) hypercapnia.

hypercarotenemia
(hi″pәr-kar″ә-tә-ne´me-ә) an elevated level of carotene in the blood, resulting from excessive ingestion of carotenoids or from decreased ability to convert carotenoids to vitamin A; it is often characterized by yellowing of the skin (see carotenosis ). Called also carotenemia.

hypercatharsis
(hi″pәr-kә-thahr´sis) excessive purgation.

hypercellularity
(hi″pәr-sel″u-lar´ĭ-te) abnormal increase in the number of cells present, as in bone marrow. adj., hypercell´ular., adj.

hyperchloremia
(hi″pәr-klor-e´me-ә) excess of chlorides in the blood; this occurs as a result of fluid deficit for which the kidney seeks to compensate by reabsorbing large amounts of water and the chloride dissolved in it. The signs and symptoms of hyperchloremia are the same as those of acidosis. adj., hyperchlore´...

hyperchloremic acidosis
renal tubular acidosis.

hyperchlorhydria
(hi″pәr-klor-hi´dre-ә) excess of hydrochloric acid in the gastric juice.

hypercholesteremia
(hi″pәr-kә-les″tәr-e´me-ә) hypercholesterolemia.

hypercholesterolemia
(hi″pәr-kә-les″tәr-ol-e´me-ә) excess of cholesterol in the blood. familial hypercholesterolemia a hereditary type ofhyperlipoproteinemia in which blood cholesterol levels are elevated.

hypercholia
(hi″pәr-ko´le-ә) excessive secretion of bile.

hyperchromatic cell
one that stains more intensely than is typical of its cell type.

hyperchromatism
(hi″pәr-kro´mә-tiz-әm) excessive pigmentation. degeneration of cell nuclei, which become filled with particles of pigment, or chromatin. increased staining capacity. adj., hyperchromat´ic., adj.

hyperchromatosis
(hi″pәr-kro″mә-to´sis) hyperchromatism.

hyperchromia
(hi″pәr-kro´me-ә) hyperchromatism.

hyperchylomicronemia
(hi″pәr-ki″lo-mi″kro-ne´me-ә) the presence in the blood of an excessive number of particles of fat (chylomicrons).

hypercoagulability
(hi″pәr-ko-ag″u-lә-bil´ĭ-te) abnormally increased coagulability of the blood.

hypercorticism
(hi″pәr-kor´tĭ-siz-әm) hyperadrenocorticism.

hypercryalgesia
(hi″pәr-kri″al-je´ze-ә) hypercryesthesia.

hypercryesthesia
(hi″pәr-kri″es-the´zhә) particularly severe sensitivity to cold.

hypercupriuria
(hi″pәr-ku-pre-u´re-ә) excretion of excessive copper in the urine, as seen in copper poisoning, Wilson disease, and similar conditions. Called also cupriuria and cupruresis.

hypercyanotic
(hi″pәr-si″ә-not´ik) extremely cyanotic.

hypercythemia
(hi″pәr-si-the´me-ә) polycythemia.

hyperdactyly
(hi″pәr-dak´tә-le) polydactyly.

hyperdicrotic
(hi″pәr-di-krot´ik) markedly dicrotic.

hyperdipsia
(hi″pәr-dip´se-ә) intense thirst of relatively brief duration.

hyperdistention
(hi″pәr-dis-ten´shәn) excessive distention.

hyperdiuresis
(hi″pәr-di″u-re´sis) excessive diuresis (secretion of urine).

hyperdontia
(hi″pәr-don´shә) the presence of extra teeth; called also polyodontia.

hyperdynamia
(hi″pәr-di-na´me-ә) hyperactivity (def. 1). adj., hyperdynam´ic., adj.

hyperdynamic ileus
spastic ileus.

hyperechoic
(hi″pәr-ә-ko´ik) in ultrasonography, giving off many echoes; said of tissues or structures that reflect relatively many of the ultrasonic waves directed at them.

hyperemesis
(hi″pәr-em´ә-sis) excessive vomiting. adj., hyperemet´ic., adj. hyperemesis gravidarum excessive and pernicious vomiting during pregnancy, usually in the first trimester, a more serious condition than the more common morning sickness. The exact cause is not know...

hyperemia
(hi″pәr-e´me-ә) an excess of blood in a part; called also engorgement. adj., hypere´mic., adj. active hyperemia , arterial hyperemia that due to local or general relaxation of arterioles. passive hyperemia that du...

hyperemia test
Moschcowitz test.

hyperencephalus
(hi″pәr-әn-sef´ә-lәs) acranius.

hyperendemic
(hi″pәr-әn-dem´ik) equally endemic, at a high level, in all age groups of a population; see also holoendemic.

hyperendemic disease
an endemic disease equally prevalent in all age groups of a population. Cf. holoendemic disease.

hypereosinophilia
(hi″pәr-e″o-sin″o-fil´e-ә) extreme eosinophilia. adj., hypereosinophil´ic., adj.

hypereosinophilic syndrome
(hi″per-e″o-sin″o-fil´ik) any of several diseases characterized a massive increase in the number of eosinophils in the blood and bone marrow, with eosinophilic infiltration of other organs. Symptoms vary, depending on the organ involved, and may include pruritic skin ulcers or erythroderma, endomyocard...

hyperepinephrinemia
(hi″pәr-ep″ĭ-nef″rĭ-ne´me-ә) excessive epinephrine in the blood.

hyperequilibrium
(hi″pәr-e´kwĭ-lib´re-әm) excessive tendency to vertigo.

hypererythrocythemia
(hi″pәr-ә-rith″ro-si-the´me-ә) polycythemia.

hyperesophoria
(hi″pәr-es″o-for´e-ә) deviation of the visual axes upward and inward.

hyperesthesia
(hi″pәr-es-the´zhә) a state of abnormally increased sensitivity to stimuli. adj., hyperesthet´ic., adj.

hyperesthetic zone
a region of the body surface marked by abnormal sensibility.

hyperestrogenism
(hi″pәr-es´tro-jәn-iz-әm) excessive amounts of estrogens in the body.

hyperexophoria
(hi″pәr-ek″so-for´e-ә) deviation of the visual axes upward and outward.

hyperextension
(hi″pәr-әk-sten´shәn) extension of a limb or part beyond the normal limit.

hyperferremia
(hi″pәr-fer-e´me-ә) excess of iron in the blood; called also siderosis. adj., hyperferre´mic., adj.

hyperfibrinogenemia
(hi″pәr-fi-brin″o-jә-ne´me-ә) excessive fibrinogen in the blood; called also fibrinogenemia.

hyperfiltration
(hi″pәr-fil-tra´shәn) an elevation in the glomerular filtration rate, often a sign of early type 1 diabetes mellitus.

hyperflexion
(hi″pәr-flek´shәn) flexion of a limb or part beyond the normal limit.

hyperfunction
(hi″pәr-funk´shәn) excessive functioning of a part or organ.

hyperfunctional adenoma
hyperfunctioning adenoma functioning adenoma.

hypergalactia
(hi″pәr-gә-lak´she-ә) excessive lactation.

hypergalactosis
(hi″pәr-gal″ak-to´sis) hypergalactia.

hypergammaglobulinemia
(hi″pәr-gam″ә-glob″u-lĭ-ne´me-ә) increased gamma globulins in the blood. adj., hypergammaglobuline´mic., adj. monoclonal hypergammaglobulinemias an excess of homogeneous immunoglobulin molecules of a single specificity in the blood followi...

hypergastrinemia
(hi″pәr-gas´trĭ-ne´me-ә) excessive gastrin in the blood.

hypergenesis
(hi″pәr-jen´ә-sis) excessive development.

hypergenitalism
(hi″pәr-jen´ĭ-tәl-iz-әm) hypergonadism.

hypergeusesthesia
(hi″pәr-gldbomacs″es-the´zhә) hypergeusia.

hypergeusia
(hi″pәr-goo´zhә) a parageusia involving increased sensitivity of taste; called also hypergeusesthesia.

hyperglandular
(hi″pәr-glan´du-lәr) marked by excessive glandular activity.

hyperglobulinemia
(hi″pәr-glob″u-lĭ-ne´me-ә) excess of any globulin in the blood.

hyperglucagonemia
(hi″pәr-gloo″kә-gon-e´me-ә) abnormally high levels of glucagon in the blood.

hyperglycemia
(hi″pәr-gli-se´me-ә) excess of glucose in the blood; see also diabetes mellitus.

hyperglycemic
(hi″pәr-gli-se´mik) characterized by or causing hyperglycemia. an agent that has this effect.

hyperglycemic hyperosmolar coma
hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic comahyperosmolar hyperglycemic coma coma resulting from the hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state.

hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state
hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndromehyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic syndromehyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic state a metabolic derangement in which there is an abnormally high serum glucose level without ketoacidosis; some patients become comatose (hyperglycemic hyperosmolar coma). It can occur as a complication of borderlin...

hyperglyceridemia
(hi″pәr-glis″әr-i-de´me-ә) excess of glycerides in the blood.

hyperglycinemia
(hi″pәr-gli″sĭ-ne´me-ә) a hereditary aminoacidopathy involving excessive glycine in the blood and urine. One form is characterized by episodic vomiting, lethargy, dehydration, ketosis, and increased susceptibility to infection; a second form by generalized hypotonia, lethargy, absence of ref...

hyperglycinuria
(hi″pәr-gli″sĭ-nu´re-ә) an aminoaciduria consisting of excessive glycine in the urine; see hyperglycinemia.

hyperglycogenolysis
(hi″pәr-gli″ko-jәn-ol´ә-sis) excessive glycogenolysis (splitting up of glycogen.

hyperglycosuria
(hi″pәr-gli″ko-su´re-ә) extreme glycosuria.