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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

receptor, chemokine
A molecule that receives a chemokine and acts as a dock for a chemokine. Several chemokine receptors are essential co-receptors for HIV. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptor, visual
The layer of rods and cones, the visual cells, of the retina. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Receptors for activated C Kinase
Synonym for endosome. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

receptors, adrenergic
Cell-surface proteins that bind epinephrine and/or norepinephrine with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes. The two major classes of adrenergic receptors, alpha and beta, were originally discriminated based on their cellular actions but now are distinguished by their relative affinity for characteristic synthetic ligands. Adrenergic rec …

receptors, adrenergic, alpha
One of the two major pharmacological subdivisions of adrenergic receptors. The alpha-beta distinction was originally based on cellular effects of receptor activation but now relies on the relative affinities for certain synthetic ligands. Alpha-adrenergic receptors are further subdivided into several subclasses based on studies of endogenous and cl …

receptors, adrenergic, alpha-1
A subclass of alpha-adrenergic receptors (receptors, adrenergic, alpha). Alpha-1 adrenergic receptors can be pharmacologically discriminated, e.g., by their high affinity for the agonist phenylephrine and the antagonist prazosin. They are widespread, with clinically important concentrations in the liver, the heart, vascular, intestinal, and genitou …

receptors, adrenergic, alpha-2
A subclass of alpha-adrenergic receptors (receptors, adrenergic, alpha). Alpha-2 adrenergic receptors can be pharmacologically discriminated, e.g., by their high affinity for the agonist clonidine and the antagonist yohimbine. They are found on pancreatic beta cells, platelets, and vascular smooth muscle, as well as both pre- and postsynaptically i …

receptors, adrenergic, beta
One of the two major pharmacologically defined classes of adrenergic receptors. The alpha-beta distinction was originally based on the cellular effects of receptor activation but now relies on the relative affinities for characteristic synthetic ligands. Beta adrenergic receptors are further subdivided based on information from endogenous and clone …

receptors, adrenergic, beta-1
A subclass of beta-adrenergic receptors (receptors, adrenergic, beta). Beta-1 adrenergic receptors are equally sensitive to epinephrine and norepinephrine and bind the agonist dobutamine and the antagonist metoprolol with high affinity. They are found in the heart, juxtaglomerular cells, and in the central and peripheral nervous systems. ... (12 Dec …

receptors, adrenergic, beta-2
A subclass of beta-adrenergic receptors (receptors, adrenergic, beta). Beta-2 adrenergic receptors are more sensitive to epinephrine than to norepinephrine and have a high affinity for the agonist terbutaline. They are widespread, with clinically important roles in skeletal muscle, liver, and vascular, bronchial, gastrointestinal, and genitourinary …

receptors, albumin
Cell surface proteins that bind albumin with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes influencing the behaviour of cells. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, aldosterone
Cytoplasmic proteins that specifically bind aldosterone and mediate its cellular effects. The aldosterone-bound receptor acts in the nucleus to regulate the transcription of specific segments of DNA. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, amino acid
Cell surface proteins that bind amino acids and trigger changes which influence the behaviour of cells. Glutamate receptors are the most common receptors for fast excitatory synaptic transmission in the vertebrate central nervous system, and gaba and glycine receptors are the most common receptors for fast inhibition. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, ampa
Cell surface proteins that bind glutamate and directly gate ion channels in cell membranes. Ampa receptors were originally discriminated from other glutamate receptors by their affinity for the agonist ampa (alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid). They are probably the most common mediators of fast excitatory synaptic transmissio …

receptors, androgen
Proteins, generally found in the cytoplasm, that specifically bind androgens and mediate their cellular actions. The complex of the androgen and receptor migrates to the nucleus where it induces transcription of specific segments of DNA. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, angiotensin
Cell surface proteins that bind angiotensins and trigger intracellular changes influencing the behaviour of cells. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, antigen
Molecules on the surface of b- and T-lymphocytes that recognise and combine with specific antigens. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, antigen, B-cell
Immunoglobulin molecules on the surface of B-lymphocytes that recognise and bind antigen. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, antigen, T-cell
Molecules on the surface of T-lymphocytes that recognise and combine with antigens. The receptors are non-covalently associated with a complex of several polypeptides collectively called CD3 antigens (antigens, CD3). Recognition of foreign antigen and the major histocompatibility complex is accomplished by a single heterodimeric antigen-receptor st …

receptors, aryl hydrocarbon
Cytoplasmic proteins that bind certain aryl hydrocarbons, translocate to the nucleus, and activate transcription of particular DNA segments. Ah receptors are identified by their high-affinity binding to several carcinogenic or teratogenic environmental chemicals including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons found in cigarette smoke and smog, heterocyc …

receptors, biogenic amine
Cell surface proteins that bind biogenic amines with high affinity and regulate intracellular signals which influence the behaviour of cells. Biogenic amine is a chemically imprecise term which, by convention, includes the catecholamines epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine, the indoleamine serotonin, the imidazolamine histamine, and compounds …

receptors, bombesin
Cell surface proteins that bind bombesin or closely related peptides with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes influencing the behaviour of cells. Gastrin- releasing peptide (grp), grp 18-27 (neuromedin c), and neuromedin b are endogenous ligands of bombesin receptors in mammals. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, bradykinin
Cell surface receptors that bind bradykinin and related kinins with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes which influence the behaviour of cells. The identified receptor types (b-1 and b-2, or bk-1 and bk-2) recognise the endogenous kallidins, t-kinins, and certain bradykinin fragments as well as bradykinin itself. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, calcitonin
Cell surface proteins that bind calcitonin and trigger intracellular changes which influence the behaviour of cells. Calcitonin receptors outside the nervous system mediate the role of calcitonin in calcium homeostasis. The role of calcitonin receptors in the brain is not well understood. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, calcitriol
Proteins, usually found in the cytoplasm, that specifically bind calcitriol, migrate to the nucleus, and regulate transcription of specific segments of DNA. Vitamin d is converted in the liver and kidney to calcitriol and ultimately acts through these receptors. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, catecholamine
Cell surface proteins that bind catecholamines with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes which influence the behaviour of cells. The catecholamine messengers epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine are synthesised from tyrosine by a common biosynthetic pathway. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, ccr5
Seven-transmembrane G-protein-coupled receptors for beta-chemokines. They also function as fusion cofactors for macrophage-tropic HIV-1 strains. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, cell surface
Cell surface proteins that bind signalling molecules external to the cell with high affinity and convert this extracellular event into one or more intracellular signals that alter the behaviour of the target cell. Cell surface receptors, unlike enzymes, do not chemically alter their ligands. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, chemokine
Cell surface glycoproteins that bind to chemokines and thus mediate the migration of pro-inflammatory molecules. The receptors are members of the seven-transmembrane G-protein-coupled receptor family. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, cholecystokinin
Cell surface proteins that bind cholecystokinin (cck) with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes influencing the behaviour of cells. Cholecystokinin receptors are activated by gastrin as well as by cck-4, cck-8, and cck-33. Activation of these receptors evokes secretion of amylase by pancreatic acinar cells, acid and pepsin by stomach muc …

receptors, cholinergic
Cell surface proteins that bind acetylcholine with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes influencing the behaviour of cells. Cholinergic receptors are divided into two major classes, muscarinic and nicotinic, based originally on their affinity for nicotine and muscarine. Each group is further subdivided based on pharmacology, location, mo …

receptors, complement
Molecules on the surface of some B-lymphocytes and macrophages, that recognise and combine with the c3b, c3d, c1q, and c4b components of complement. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, complement 3b
Molecular sites on or in some B-lymphocytes and macrophages that recognise and combine with complement 3b. The primary structure of these receptors reveal that they contain transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains, with their extracellular portion composed entirely of thirty short consensus repeats each having 60 to 70 amino acids. ... (12 Dec 1998) …

receptors, complement 3d
Molecular sites on or in B-lymphocytes, follicular dendritic cells, lymphoid cells, and epithelial cells that recognise and combine with complement 3d. Human cr2 serves as a receptor for both c3dg and the gp350/220 glycoprotein of herpes virus 4, human, and binds the monoclonal antibody okb7, which blocks binding of both ligands to the receptor. …

receptors, concanavalin a
Glycoprotein moieties on the surfaces of cell membranes that bind concanavalin a selectively; the number and location of the sites depends on the type and condition of the cell. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, corticotropin
Cell surface receptors that bind corticotropin (acth, adrenocorticotropic hormone) with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes. Pharmacology suggests there may be multiple acth receptors. An acth receptor has been cloned and belongs to a subfamily of g-protein-coupled receptors. In addition to the adrenal cortex, acth receptors are found i …

receptors, cxcr4
Seven-transmembrane G-protein-coupled receptors for alpha-chemokines. They also function as fusion cofactors for T-cell-tropic HIV-1 strains. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, cyclic AMP
Cell surface proteins that bind cyclic AMP with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes which influence the behaviour of cells. The best characterised cyclic AMP receptors are those of the slime mold dictyostelium discoideum. The transcription regulator cyclic AMP receptor protein of prokaryotes is not included nor are the eukaryotic cytopl …

receptors, cytoadhesin
A group of integrins that includes the platelet outer membrane glycoprotein gpiib-iiia (platelet glycoprotein gpiib-iiia complex) and the vitronectin receptor (receptors, vitronectin). They play a major role in cell adhesion and serve as receptors for fibronectin, von willebrand factor, and vitronectin. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, cytokine
Cell surface proteins that bind cytokines and trigger intracellular changes influencing the behaviour of cells. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, cytoplasmic and nuclear
Proteins in the cytoplasm or nucleus that specifically bind signalling molecules and trigger changes which influence the behaviour of cells. The major groups are the steroid hormone receptors, which usually are found in the cytoplasm, and the thyroid hormone receptors, which usually are found in the nucleus. Receptors, unlike enzymes, generally do …

receptors, dopamine
Cell-surface proteins that bind dopamine with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes influencing the behaviour of cells. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, dopamine d1
A class of dopamine receptors identified by their binding profiles for synthetic ligands, their molecular biology, and, perhaps, by their mode of action. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, dopamine d2
A class of dopamine receptors identified by their binding profiles for synthetic ligands, their molecular biology, and, perhaps, their mode of action. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, drug
Proteins that bind specific drugs with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes influencing the behaviour of cells. Drug receptors are generally thought to be receptors for some endogenous substance not otherwise specified. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, eicosanoid
Cell surface proteins that bind eicosanoids with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes influencing the behaviour of cells. Among the eicosanoid receptors are receptors for the prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, endothelin
Cell surface proteins that bind endothelin with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes which influence the behaviour of cells. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, erythropoietin
Cell surface proteins that bind erythropoietin with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes influencing the behaviour of cells. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, estradiol
Cytoplasmic proteins that bind estradiol, migrate to the nucleus, and regulate DNA transcription. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, fc
Molecules found on the surface of some, but not all, B-lymphocytes, T-lymphocytes, and macrophages, which recognise and combine with the fc (crystallizable) portion of immunoglobulin molecules. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, fibroblast growth factor
Specific molecular sites or structures on cell membranes that react with fibroblast growth factors (both the basic and acidic forms), their analogs, or their antagonists to elicit or to inhibit the specific response of the cell to these factors. These receptors frequently possess tyrosine kinase activity. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, fibronectin
Specific sites or molecular structures on or in cells with which fibronectins react or to which they bind. Studies have shown that these receptors function in certain types of adhesive contact as well as playing a major role in matrix assembly. These are the traditional fibronectin receptors, also called vla-5 receptors or alpha 5 beta 1 integrins. …

receptors, fsh
Cell surface proteins that bind follicle-stimulating hormone (follitropin, fsh) with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes influencing the behaviour of cells. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, gaba
Cell-surface proteins that bind gaba with high affinity and trigger changes that influence the behaviour of cells. Gaba-a receptors control chloride channels formed by the receptor complex itself. They are blocked by bicuculline and usually have modulatory sites sensitive to benzodiazepines and barbiturates. Gaba-b receptors act through g-proteins …

receptors, gaba-a
Cell surface proteins which bind gaba and control an integral membrane chloride channel. Gaba-a receptors are the most prevalent inhibitory neurotransmitter receptors in the brain. Several isoforms have been cloned, and they belong to a superfamily which includes nicotinic receptors, glycine receptors, and 5ht-3 receptors. Most gaba-a receptors hav …

receptors, gaba-b
Cell surface proteins which bind gaba and influence cells via interactions with g-proteins. Gaba-b receptors are pharmacologically characterised by their insensitivity to the blocker bicuculline and sensitivity to the agonist l-baclofen. They are found both presynaptically and postsynaptically, and act variously by inhibition of adenylate cyclase, …

receptors, gastrointestinal hormone
Cell surface proteins that bind gastrointestinal hormones with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes influencing the behaviour of cells. most gastrointestinal hormones also act as neurotransmitters so these receptors are also present in the central and peripheral nervous systems. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, glucagon
Cell surface receptors that bind glucagon with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes which influence the behaviour of cells. Activation of glucagon receptors causes a variety of effects; the best understood is the initiation of a complex enzymatic cascade in the liver which ultimately increases the availability of glucose to body organs.< …

receptors, glucocorticoid
Cytoplasmic proteins that specifically bind glucocorticoids and mediate their cellular effects. The glucocorticoid receptor-glucocorticoid complex acts in the nucleus to induce transcription of DNA. Glucocorticoids were named for their actions on blood glucose concentration, but they have equally important effects on protein and fat metabolism. Cor …

receptors, glutamate
Cell-surface proteins that bind glutamate and trigger changes which influence the behaviour of cells. Glutamate receptors include ionotropic receptors (ampa, kainate, and n-methyl-d-aspartate receptors), which directly control ion channels, and metabotropic receptors which act through second messenger systems. Glutamate receptors are the most commo …

receptors, glycine
Cell surface receptors that bind glycine with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes which influence the behaviour of cells. Glycine receptors in the central nervous system have an intrinsic chloride channel and are usually inhibitory. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, gonadotropin
Those protein complexes or molecular sites on the surfaces of gonadal and other sensitive cells that bind gonadotropins and thereby modify the functions of those cells; hcg, lh, and fsh are the major specific gonadotropins. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, growth factor
Cell surface receptors that bind growth or trophic factors with high affinity, triggering intracellular responses which influence the growth, differentiation, or survival of cells. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, histamine
Cell-surface proteins that bind histamine and trigger intracellular changes influencing the behaviour of cells. Histamine receptors are widespread in the central nervous system and in peripheral tissues. Three types have been recognised and designated h1, h2, and h3. They differ in pharmacology, distribution, and mode of action. ... (12 Dec 1998) …

receptors, histamine h1
A class of histamine receptors discriminated by their pharmacology and mode of action. most histamine h1 receptors operate through the inositol phosphate/diacylglycerol second messenger system. Among the many responses mediated by these receptors are smooth muscle contraction, increased vascular permeability, hormone release, and cerebral glyconeog …

receptors, histamine h2
A class of histamine receptors discriminated by their pharmacology and mode of action. Histamine h2 receptors act via g-proteins to stimulate adenylate cylase. Among the many responses mediated by these receptors are gastric acid secretion, smooth muscle relaxation, inotropic and chronotropic effects on heart muscle, and inhibition of lymphocyte fu …

receptors, histamine h3
A class of histamine receptors discriminated by their pharmacology and mode of action. Histamine h3 receptors were first recognised as inhibitory autoreceptors on histamine-containing nerve terminals and have since been shown to regulate the release of several neurotransmitters in the central and peripheral nervous systems. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, HIV
Cellular receptors that bind the human immunodeficiency virus that causes aids. Included are CD4 antigens, found on t4 lymphocytes, and monocytes/macrophages, which bind to the HIV envelope protein gp120. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, IgE
Specific molecular sites on the surface of b- and T-lymphocytes which combine with iges. Two subclasses exist: low affinity receptors (fc epsilon ri) and high affinity receptors (fc epsilon rii). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, IgG
Specific molecular sites on the surface of various cells, including B-lymphocytes and macrophages, that combine with iggs. Three subclasses exist: fc gamma ri (the CD64 antigen, a low affinity receptor), fc gamma rii (the CD32 antigen, a high affinity receptor), and fc gamma riii (the CD16 antigen, a low affinity receptor). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, immunologic
Cell surface molecules on cells of the immune system that specifically bind surface molecules or messenger molecules and trigger changes in the behaviour of cells. Although these receptors were first identified in the immune system, many have important functions elsewhere. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, insulin
Cell surface proteins that bind insulin and trigger intracellular changes which influence the behaviour of cells. The best understood physiological consequence of insulin receptor activation is increased transport of glucose into most cells, which controls the rate of carbohydrate metabolism. The insulin receptor is a multifunctional protein comple …

receptors, interferon
Specific molecular sites or structures on or in cells with which interferons react or to which they bind in order to modify the function of the cells. Interferons exert their pleiotropic effects through two different receptors. Alpha- and beta-interferon crossreact with common receptors, while gamma-interferon initiates its biological effects throu …

receptors, interleukin
Cell surface proteins that bind interleukins and trigger intracellular changes influencing the behaviour of cells. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, interleukin-1
Specific molecular sites or structures on cells with which interleukin-1 reacts or to which it binds to modify the function of the cells. The il-1 receptor on T-lymphocytes and fibroblasts is composed of a single polypeptide chain that binds both il-1 alpha and il-1 beta. The molecular weight of this high-affinity receptor is believed to be 80 kD.< …

receptors, interleukin-2
Receptors present on activated t- and B-cells as a complex consisting of a 55 kD peptide, which reacts with the anti-tac monoclonal antibody, and a 75 kD non-tac interleukin-2-binding peptide. The receptor is present in two forms, one with a very high affinity and the other with low affinity for il-2. The high-affinity form appears to mediate exclu …

receptors, interleukin-3
Phosphotyrosine-containing proteins, mw 140 kD. They form a stable complex with interleukin-3 with an apparent mass of 170 kD. They are found on a variety of cells and activate interleukin-3. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, interleukin-4
Receptors present on a wide variety of haematopoietic and non-haematopoietic cell types and various human tumours. Two forms of the receptor have been described, soluble and membrane-bound. Low affinity and high affinity receptors for il-4 have been reported. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, interleukin-6
<chemical> Receptors present on t cells, mitogen-activated B-cells, peripheral monocytes, and some macrophage- and B-cell-derived tumour cell types. The receptor is a strongly glycosylated protein of 80 kD and a length of 468 amino acids. ... Pharmacological action: growth inhibitors. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, invertebrate peptide
Cell surface receptors for invertebrate peptide hormones or neuropeptides. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, kainic acid
Cell surface proteins that bind glutamate and directly gate ion channels. Kainic acid receptors were originally discriminated from other glutamate receptors by their affinity for the agonist kainic acid. Activation of kainic acid receptors is generally excitatory to cells. Subtypes have been cloned, and for some the traditional distinction from amp …

receptors, laminin
Glycoprotein molecules on the surface of cells that react with or bind to laminin whose function allows the binding of epithelial cells to the basement membrane. The molecular weight of this high-affinity receptor is 67 kD. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, ldl
Receptors on the plasma membrane of nonhepatic cells that specifically bind ldl. The receptors are localised in specialised regions called coated pits. Hypercholesteraemia is caused by an allelic genetic defect of three types: 1) receptors do not bind to ldl; 2) there is reduced binding of ldl; and 3) there is normal binding but no internalization …

receptors, leukocyte-adhesion
Family of proteins associated with the capacity of leukocytes, including lymphocytes, monocytes, and neutrophils, to adhere to each other and to certain substrata, e.g., the c3bi component of complement. Members of this family are the lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (lfa-1), the macrophage-1 antigen (mac-1), and the antigen p150,95 or p150 …

receptors, leukotriene
Cell-surface receptors that bind leukotrienes with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes influencing the behaviour of cells. The leukotriene receptor subtypes have been tentatively named according to their affinities for the endogenous leukotrienes ltb4, ltc4, ltd4, and lte4. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, leukotriene b4
A class of cell surface leukotriene receptors with a preference for leukotriene b4. Leukotriene b4 receptor activation influences chemotaxis, chemokinesis, adherence, enzyme release, oxidative bursts, and degranulation in polymorphonuclear leukocytes. There are at least two subtypes of these receptors. Some actions are mediated through the inositol …

receptors, lh
Those protein complexes or molecular sites on the surfaces and cytoplasm of gonadal cells that bind luteinizing or chorionic gonadotropic hormones and thereby cause the gonadal cells to synthesise and secrete sex steroids. The hormone-receptor complex is internalised from the plasma membrane and initiates steroid synthesis. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, lhrh
Receptors with a 6-kD protein on the surfaces of cells that secrete lh or fsh, usually in the adenohypophysis. Lhrh binds to these receptors, is endocytosed with the receptor and, in the cell, triggers the release of lh or fsh by the cell. These receptors are also found in rat gonads. Inhibin prevents the binding of gnrh to its receptors. ... (12 De …

receptors, lipoprotein
Cell surface proteins that bind lipoproteins with high affinity. Lipoprotein receptors in the liver and peripheral tissues mediate the regulation of plasma and cellular cholesterol metabolism and concentration. The receptors generally recognise the apolipoproteins of the lipoprotein complex, and binding is often a trigger for endocytosis. ... (12 De …

receptors, lymphocyte homing
Cell surface glycoproteins on lymphocytes and other leukocytes that mediate adhesion to specialised blood vessels called high endothelial venules. Several different classes of lymphocyte homing receptors have been identified, and they appear to target different surface molecules (addressins) on high endothelial venules in different tissues. The adh …

receptors, metabotropic glutamate
Cell surface proteins that bind glutamate and act through g-proteins to influence second messenger systems. Several types of metabotropic glutamate receptors have been cloned. They differ in pharmacology, distribution, and mechanisms of action. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, mineralocorticoid
Cytoplasmic proteins that specifically bind mineralocorticoids and mediate their cellular effects. The receptor with its bound ligand acts in the nucleus to induce transcription of specific segments of DNA. Mineralocorticoids were named for their actions on extracellular electrolyte concentrations. The most important example is aldosterone. ... (12 …

receptors, mitogen
Glycoprotein molecules on the surface of b- and T-lymphocytes, that react with molecules of antilymphocyte sera, lectins, and other agents which induce blast transformation of lymphocytes. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, muscarinic
One of the two major classes of cholinergic receptors. Muscarinic receptors were originally defined by their preference for muscarine over nicotine. There are several subtypes (usually m1, m2, m3...) that are characterised by their cellular actions, pharmacology, and molecular biology. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, n-methyl-d-aspartate
A class of ionotropic glutamate receptors characterised by affinity for n-methyl-d-aspartate. Nmda receptors have an allosteric binding site for glycine which must be occupied for the channel to open efficiently and a site within the channel itself to which magnesium ions bind in a voltage-dependent manner. The positive voltage dependence of channe …

receptors, nerve growth factor
Cell surface receptors that bind nerve growth factor (ngf) and trigger intracellular changes influencing the behaviour of cells. Nerve growth factor receptors mediate the effects of nerve growth factor on the survival and growth of neurons. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, neurokinin-1
A class of cell surface receptors for tachykinins with a preference for substance p. Neurokinin-1 (nk-1) receptors have been cloned and are members of the G-protein coupled receptor superfamily. They are found on many cell types including central and peripheral neurons, smooth muscle cells, acinar cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and immune c …

receptors, neurokinin-2
A class of cell surface receptors for tachykinins that prefers neurokinin a (nka, substance k, neurokinin alpha, neuromedin l), neuropeptide k (npk), or neuropeptide gamma over other tachykinins. Neurokinin-2 (nk-2) receptors have been cloned and are similar to other g-protein coupled receptors. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, neurokinin-3
A class of cell surface receptors for tachykinins that prefers neurokinin b (neurokinin beta, neuromedin k) over other tachykinins. Neurokinin-3 (nk-3) receptors have been cloned and are members of the g-protein coupled receptor superfamily. They have been found in the central nervous system and in peripheral tissues. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

receptors, neuropeptide
Cell surface receptors that bind specific neuropeptides with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes influencing the behaviour of cells. Many neuropeptides are also hormones outside of the nervous system. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...