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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197
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ramus posterior descendensSynonym for descending posterior branch ... The descending posterior branch of the superior lobar branch of the right pulmonary artery. ... Synonym: ramus posterior descendens. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ramus posterior nervi obturatoriiSynonym for posterior branch of obturator nerve ... <anatomy, nerve> Branch supplying obturator externus muscle, then passing posterior to adductor brevis, supplying it and the adductor portion of the adductor magnus muscle. ... Synonym: ramus posterior nervi obturatorii. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ramus profundusSynonym for deep branch ... Branch which passes deeply, beneath, or farther from surface; usually in contrast to a superficial branch. ... Synonym: ramus profundus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ramus profundus nervi radialisSynonym for anterior interosseous nerve ... <anatomy, nerve> A branch of the median arising in elbow region, running on interosseous membrane, supplying the flexor pollicis longus, part of flexor digitorum profundus and the pronator quadratus muscles, as well as radiocarpal and intercarpal joints. ... Synonym: nervus interosseus anterior, ramus …
ramus profundus nervi ulnarisSynonym for deep branch of the ulnar nerve ... <anatomy, nerve> Accompanies deep palmar branch of ulnar artery and deep palmar arch to supply wrist joint, lumbricals 3 & 4, palmar and dorsal interossei adductor pollicis and deep head of flexor pollicis brevis muscles. ... Synonym: ramus profundus nervi ulnaris. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ramus pubicus arteriae obturatoriaeSynonym for pubic branch of obturator artery ... <anatomy, artery> Branch arising from the obturator artery just prior to its pasage through the obturator canal; the branch passes superiorly on the posterior aspect of the pubis. Anastomosis: with contralateral partner and pubic branche of inferior epigastric artery. ... See: accessory obturator …
ramus sinisterSynonym for left branch ... Of a pair of branches, the branch passing to the left side of the body, to the left member of a bilateral pair of structures, or to the left portion of an unpaired structure; the other member of the pair being a right branch. ... Synonym: ramus sinister. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ramus sinister venae portae hepatisLeft branch of hepatic portal vein. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ramus sinus caroticiSynonym for carotid sinus nerve ... <anatomy, nerve> A branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve that innervates the baroreceptors in the wall of the carotid sinus and the chemoreceptors in the carotid body. ... Synonym: ramus sinus carotici, carotid sinus branch, Hering's sinus nerve, intercarotid nerve, nerve to carotid sinus, sinus nerve of Herin …
ramus sinus cavernosiThe cavernous sinus branch, a branch of the cavernous part of the internal carotid artery supplying the walls of the cavernous sinus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ramus stylohyoideus nervi facialisSynonym for stylohyoid branch of facial nerve ... <anatomy, nerve> Branch of facial nerve to stylohyoid muscle. ... Synonym: ramus stylohyoideus nervi facialis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ramus superficialisSynonym for superficial branch ... Branch which passes above or closer to surface; usually in contrast to a deep branch. ... Synonym: ramus superficialis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ramus superficialis nervi radialisSynonym for superficial branch of the radial nerve ... <anatomy, nerve> Cutaneous terminal branch (with deep branch) which runs under cover of brachioradialis muscle to wrist, then supplies skin of proximal portion of the dorsal aspects of thumb, index, middle and lateral half of ring fingers and the portion of the dorsum of the hand located p …
ramus superficialis nervi ulnarisSynonym for superficial branch of the ulnar nerve ... <anatomy, nerve> Branch supplying skin of palmar aspect of little and medial half of ring fingers, the portion of the palm proximal to them and the palmaris brevis muscle. ... Synonym: ramus superficialis nervi ulnaris. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ramus superiorSynonym for superior branch ... Branch which is directed upward or cranially or which is highly-placed, usually in contrast to an inferior branch. ... Synonym: ramus superior. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ramus superior nervi oculomotoriiSynonym for superior branch of the oculomotor nerve ... <anatomy, nerve> Branch of oculomotor nerve supplying the superior rectus and levator palpebrae superioris muscles. ... Synonym: ramus superior nervi oculomotorii. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ramus superior ossis pubisSynonym for superior pubic ramus ... A bar of bone, triangular in section, which extends posterosuperiorly from the body of the pubis to form the superior boundary of the obturator foramen; developmentally, it contributes about one-fifth of the articular surface of the acetabulum. ... Synonym: ramus superior ossis pubis, superior branch of the pubic …
ramus tentoriiSynonym for tentorial nerve ... <anatomy, nerve> The tentorial branch, a branch arising in a recurrent fashion from the intracranial portion of the ophthalmic nerve supplying the tentorium and supratentorial falx cerebri. ... Synonym: ramus tentorii, nervus tentorii. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ramus thalamicusA branch of the middle cerebral artery to the thalamus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ramus tonsillae cerebellaeThe branch to the cerebellar tonsil, a branch from the posterior inferior cerebellar artery supplying the tonsil of the cerebellum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ramus tonsillaris arteriae facialisSynonym for tonsillar branch of the facial artery ... <anatomy, artery> Primary blood supply to palatine tonsil, with extensive anastomoses with other tonsillar arteries. ... Synonym: ramus tonsillaris arteriae facialis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ramus transversusSynonym for transverse branches ... Branches which run transversly. Nomina Anatomica lists transverse branches of 1) lateral femoral circumflex artery (ramus transversus arteriae circumflexae femoris lateralis ); and 2) medial femoral circumflex artery (ramus transversus arteriae circumflexae femoris medialis ). ... Synonym: ramus transversus. ... (05 …
ramus tubariusSynonym for tubal branch ... Branch to a tubular structure. ... Synonym: ramus tubarius. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ramus tubarius arteriae uterinaeSynonym for tubal branch of the uterine artery ... <anatomy, artery> Terminal branch of uterine artery (with ovarian branch) supplying medial portion of uterine tube, anastomosing with tubal branch of ovarian artery. ... Synonym: ramus tubarius arteriae uterinae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ramus tubarius plexus tympaniciSynonym for tubal branch of the tympanic plexus ... Sensory branch of tympanic plexus (of glossopharyngeal nerve) to auditory tube. ... Synonym: ramus tubarius plexus tympanici. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ramus ventralis nervi spinalisSynonym for ventral primary ramus of spinal nerve ... <anatomy, nerve> The larger, anterolaterally-directed major terminal branch (with the dorsal primary ramus) of all 31 pairs of mixed spinal nerves, formed at the intervertebral foramen. Most ventral primary rami, especially those involved in the innervation of the limbs, participate in the …
ramycinSynonym for fusidic acid ... <drug> An antibiotic that prevents the synthesis of proteins by blocking the elongation factor (EF)-GDP complex. ... (05 Jan 1998) ...
rana catesbeianaA species of the family ranidae (true frogs). The only anuran properly referred to by the common name 'bullfrog', it is the largest native anuran in north america. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
rana esculentaAn edible species of the family ranidae, occurring in europe and used extensively in biomedical research. Commonly referred to as 'edible frog'. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
Rana pipiensCommon European frog. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
rana ridibundaA species of the family ranidae which occurs primarily in europe and is used widely in biomedical research. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
rana temporariaA species of the family ranidae occurring in a wide variety of habitats from within the arctic circle to south africa, Australia, etc. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
ranavirusA genus of iridoviridae which infects amphibians. It is non-pathogenic for its natural host, rana pipiens, but is lethal for tadpoles and fowler toads. Frog virus 3 is the type species. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
rancidifyTo make or become rancid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
rancidityThe state of being rancid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
rancke complex<radiology> Combination of: calcified peripheral nodule (Ghon lesion), calcified hilar nodes, occurs in 50% of patients with primary TB ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
rancorThe deepest malignity or spite; deep-seated enmity or malice; inveterate hatred. 'To stint rancour and dissencioun.' 'It would not be easy to conceive the passion, rancor, and malice of their tongues and hearts.' (Burke) ... Synonym: Enmity, hatred, ill will, malice, spite, grudge, animosity, malignity. ... Rancor, Enmity. Enmity and rancor both desc …
Rand, Gertrude<person> U.S. Visual psychologist, 1886-1970. ... See: Hardy-Rand-Ritter test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Rand, M<person> ... See: Burn and Rand theory. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Randall stone forcepsA forceps with variably curved slender blades and serrated jaws, used to extract calculi from the renal pelvis or calices. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Randall, Alexander<person> U.S. Urologist, *1885. ... See: Randall stone forceps. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Randall's plaquesMineral concentrations of renal papillae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
random1. Force; violence. 'For courageously the two kings newly fought with great random and force.' (E. Hall) ... 2. A roving motion; course without definite direction; want of direction, rule, or method; hazard; chance; commonly used in the phrase at random, that is, without a settled point of direction; at hazard. 'Counsels, when they fly At random, so …
random allocationA process involving chance used in therapeutic trials or other research endeavor for allocating experimental subjects, human or animal, between treatment and control groups, or among treatment groups. It may also apply to experiments on inanimate objects. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
random coilA structure of a macromolecule (typically, a biopolymer) which changes with time. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
random matingTotally haphazard mating with no regard to the genetic makeup (genotype) of the mate so that any sperm has an equal chance of fertilizing any egg. This rarely, if ever, occurs but the concept is impoortant in population genetics. Also called panmixus. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
random mating equilibriumSynonym for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium ... <genetics> In a population containing the genotypes of AA, aa, and Aa, the frequency of AA will be p2, the frequency of aa will be q2, and the frequency of Aa will be 2 pq at equilibrium, where p is the frequency of A and q is the frequency of a. ... By the Hardy-Weinberg law, a ramdonly-mating populat …
random mechanismA scheme for substrate binding and product release for a multisubstrate enzyme; for a two-substrate two-product enzyme with this mechanism, either substrate can bind first and, after the reaction has taken place, either product can be the first to dissociate from the enzyme. Brain hexokinase has a random mechanism. More complex random mechanisms ex …
random pattern flapA flap in which the pedicle blood supply is derived randomly from the network of vessels in the area, rather than from a single longitudinal artery as in an axial pattern flap. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
random sampleA group selected randomly, solely by chance. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
random samplingA selection of elements by a formal randomizing device for purposes of inference about a population of inference from that population in such a way that the probability of each possible outcome may be precisely specified in advance; the inferences are necessarily stochastic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
random variableA variable that may assume a set of values, each with fixed probabilities or probability densities (its distribution), in such a way that the total probability assigned to the distribution is unity; the random variable may be discrete, continuous, or mixed discrete-continuous. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
random walk<cell biology> A description of the path followed by a cell or particle when there is no bias in movement. The direction of movement at any instant is not influenced by the direction of travel in the preceding period. If changes of direction are very frequent, then the displacement will be small, unless the speed is very great and the object …
random wavesWave's in the electroencephalogram which occur paroxysmally and asynchronously. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
randomisation<statistics> The process by which patients in a clinical trial are randomly assigned to different treatments Randomisation minimizes the differences among groups by equally distributing people with particular characteristics among all the trial arms. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
randomised controlled trialA clinical trial that involves at least one test treatment and one control treatment, concurrent enrollment and follow-up of the test- and control-treated groups, and in which the treatments to be administered are selected by a random process, such as the use of a random-numbers table. Treatment allocations using coin flips, odd-even numbers, patie …
randomised controlled trialsClinical trials that involve at least one test treatment and one control treatment, concurrent enrollment and follow-up of the test- and control-treated groups, and in which the treatments to be administered are selected by a random process, such as the use of a random-numbers table. Treatment allocations using coin flips, odd-even numbers, patient …
randomised trial<statistics> A clinical trial in which patients have been randomly assigned to receive either the study drug or alternative treatment, in which neither the patient nor the physician conducting the study know which treatment is being given the patient, and in which the alternative to the study drug is a placebo, the study is conducted at sever …
randomizationAllocation of individuals to groups, e.g., for experimental and control regimens, by chance. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Raney alloyAn alloy of Ni and Al in equal proportions, used in the preparation of Raney Nickel. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Raney catalystSynonym for Raney Nickel ... Proprietary name for a finely powdered nickel catalyst made from Raney alloy by dissolving out the aluminum with alkali; used in the hydrogenation of organic substances. ... Synonym: Raney catalyst. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Raney NickelProprietary name for a finely powdered nickel catalyst made from Raney alloy by dissolving out the aluminum with alkali; used in the hydrogenation of organic substances. ... Synonym: Raney catalyst. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
rangeThe set of conditions throughout which an organism (for example, plant species) naturally occurs. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
range of accommodationThe distance between an object viewed with minimal refractivity of the eye and one viewed with maximal accommodation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
range of convergenceSynonym for amplitude of convergence ... The distance between the near point and far point of convergence. ... Synonym: range of convergence. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
range of motionThe range through which a joint can be moved, usually its range of flexion and extension. Due to an injury, the knee may for example lack 10 degrees of full extension. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
range of motion, articularRange through which a joint can be extended and flexed. This is frequently assessed following surgery of the joint. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
range, normalNormal results can fall outside the normal range. By convention, the normal range is set to cover ninety-five percent (95%) of values from a normal population. Five percent (5%) of normal results therefore fall outside the normal range. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
ranidaeThe family of true frogs of the order anura. The family occurs worldwide except in antarctica. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
Ranikhet diseaseSynonym for newcastle disease ... An influenza-like viral disease of birds, including domestic fowl, characterised by respiratory and gastrointestinal or pneumonic and encephalitic symptoms. First seen near newcastle, england, the infection is also transmissible to humans by contact with infected birds. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
ranine arterySynonym for deep lingual artery ... <anatomy, artery> Termination of lingual artery, distribution, muscles and mucous membrane of under surface of tongue. ... Synonym: arteria profunda linguae, arteria ranina, deep artery of tongue, ranine artery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ranitidine<chemical> A non-imidazole blocker of those histamine receptors that mediate gastric secretion (h2 receptors). It is used to treat gastrointestinal ulcers. ... Pharmacological action: anti-ulcer agents, histamine h2 antagonists. ... Chemical name: 1,1-Ethenediamine, N-(2-(((5-((dimethylamino)methyl)-2-furanyl)methyl)thio)ethyl)-N'-methyl-2-nitr …
rank1. Luxuriant in growth; of vigorous growth; exuberant; grown to immoderate height; as, rank grass; rank weeds. 'And, behold, seven ears of corn came up upon one stalk, rank and good.' (Gen. Xli. 5) ... 2. Raised to a high degree; violent; extreme; gross; utter; as, rank heresy. 'Rank nonsense.' . 'I do forgive thy rankest fault.' ... 3. Causing vigor …
rank-difference correlationThe relationship between paired series of measurements, each ranked according to magnitude, which yields a coefficient known as rho; the value of rho varies from zero (no relationship) to +1.00 (perfect relationship). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Ranke, Johannes<person> German anthropologist and physician, 1836-1916. ... See: Ranke's angle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Ranke, Karl von<person> German chemist, 1870-1926. ... See: Ranke's formula. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Ranke's angleThe angle formed by the horizontal plane of the head and a line passing from the centre of the margin of the alveolar arch of the maxilla, below the nasal spine to the centre of the frontonasal suture. ... Origin: J. Ranke ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Ranke's formulaA = grams of albumin per liter of a serous fluid: then, A = (sp. Gr. -1000) × 0.52 -5.406. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Rankin, Fred Wharton<person> U.S. Surgeon, 1886-1954. ... See: Rankin's clamp. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Rankin's clampA three-bladed clamp used in resection of colon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Rankine scaleA thermometer scale in which each degree Rankine (°Rank) is equal to the Fahrenheit but applied to the absolute temperature scale with its zero point at absolute zero; °Rank = °F + 459.67. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Rankine, William J McQ<person> Scottish physicist, 1820-1870. ... See: Rankine scale. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
rankle1. To become, or be, rank; to grow rank or strong; to be inflamed; to fester; used literally and figuratively. 'A malady that burns and rankles inward.' (Rowe) 'This would have left a rankling wound in the hearts of the people.' (Burke) ... 2. To produce a festering or inflamed effect; to cause a sore; used literally and figuratively; as, a splinter …
ransack1. To search thoroughly; to search every place or part of; as, to ransack a house. 'To ransack every corner of their . . . Hearts.' (South) ... 2. To plunder; to pillage completely. 'Their vow is made To ransack Troy.' (Shak) ... 3. To violate; to ravish; to defiour. 'Rich spoil of ransacked chastity.' (Spenser) ... Origin: OE. Ransaken, Icel, rannsak …
Ransohoff, Joseph<person> U.S. Surgeon, 1853-1921. ... See: Ransohoff's sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Ransohoff's sign<clinical sign> Yellow pigmentation in the umbilical region in rupture of the common bile duct. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
rantesA chemokine that is a chemoattractant for eosinophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes. It is a potent and selective eosinophil chemotaxin that is stored in and released from platelets and activated T-cells. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
ranularRelating to a ranula. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ranunculusOrigin: L, a little frog, a medicinal plant, perhaps crowfoot, dim. Of rana a frog; cf. Raccare to roar. ... <botany> A genus of herbs, mostly with yellow flowers, including crowfoot, buttercups, and the cultivated ranunculi (R. Asiaticus, R. Aconitifolius, etc) in which the flowers are double and of various colours. ... Source: Websters Dictio …
Ranvier, Louis<person> French pathologist, 1835-1922. ... See: Ranvier's crosses, Ranvier's disks, Ranvier's node, Ranvier's plexus, Ranvier's segment. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Ranvier, Louise Antoine<person> Was a Physician and Histologist. Professor in the College of France, Paris. ... Ranvier's Nodes - short specialised interruptions in the myelin sheath occurring along myelinated nerve fibres. Responsible for saltatory conduction. ... Lived: 1835-1922. B. Lyons, 1835, d. 1922. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...
Ranvier's crossesBlack or brown figures in the shape of a cross, marking Ranvier's nodes in the longitudinal section of a nerve stained with silver nitrate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Ranvier's disksTactile nerve endings, of cupped disklike form, in the skin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Ranvier's nodeA short interval in the myelin sheath of a nerve fibre, occurring between each two successive segments of the myelin sheath; at the node, the axon is invested only by short, finger-like cytoplasmic processes of the two neighboring Schwann cells or, in the central nervous system, oligodendroglia cells. ... See: myelin sheath. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ranvier's nodesRegularly spaced gaps in the myelin sheaths of peripheral axons. Ranvier's nodes allow saltatory conduction, that is, jumping of impulses from node to node, which is faster and more energetically favourable than continuous conduction. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
Ranvier's plexusA subbasal stroma plexus of the cornea. ... See: stroma plexus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Ranvier's segmentSynonym for internodal segment ... The portion of a myelinated nerve fibre between two successive nodes. ... Synonym: interannular segment, internode, Ranvier's segment, segmentum internodale. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
RAO<abbreviation> Right anterior oblique, a radiographic projection. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Raoult, Francois<person> French physicist, 1830-1899. ... See: Raoult's law. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Raoult's lawThe vapor pressure of a solution of a nonvolatile nonelectrolyte is that of the pure solvent multiplied by the mole-fraction of the solvent in the solution. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
