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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197


radial border of forearm
Synonym for lateral border of forearm ... An imaginary line running along the outermost extent of the forearm separating anterior and posterior surfaces laterally. ... Synonym: margo lateralis antebrachii, margo radialis antebrachii, radial border of forearm. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radial bursa
Synonym for tendon sheath of flexor pollicis longus muscle ... <anatomy> The synovial sheath that envelops the tendon of the flexor pollicis longus in its course through the carpal canal; it is continuous with the digital sheath of the thumb, the two generally being considered as one sheath. ... Synonym: vagina tendinis musculi flexoris pollici …

radial clubhand
Clubhand with angular deviation towards radial side of limb. ... See: manus valga. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radial collateral artery
<anatomy, artery> The anterior terminal branch of the profunda brachii, anastomosing with the radial recurrent, forming part of the articular network of the elbow. ... Synonym: arteria collateralis radialis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radial collateral ligament
Synonym for radial collateral ligament of elbow ... The ligament that connects the lateral epicondyle of the humerus with the annular ligament of the radius. ... Synonym: ligamentum collaterale radiale, lateral ligament of elbow, radial collateral ligament. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radial collateral ligament of elbow
The ligament that connects the lateral epicondyle of the humerus with the annular ligament of the radius. ... Synonym: ligamentum collaterale radiale, lateral ligament of elbow, radial collateral ligament. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radial collateral ligament of wrist
The ligament that extends distally from the styloid process of the radius to the carpal bones. ... Synonym: ligamentum collaterale carpi radiale, external collateral ligament of wrist, lateral ligament of wrist. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radial eminence of wrist
A rather large flat eminence on the radial side of the palmar aspect of the wrist, due to the tuberosity of scaphoid and the ridge on the trapezium. ... Synonym: eminentia carpi radialis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radial flexor muscle of wrist
Synonym for flexor carpi radialis ... <anatomy, muscle> Origin, common flexor origin of the medial condyle of humerus; insertion, anterior surface of the base of the second and most often sending a slip to that of the third metacarpal bone; action, flexes and abducts wrist radialward; nerve supply, median; its tendon travels in its own canal r …

radial fossa of humerus
A shallow depression on the anterior aspect of the distal humerus, superior to the capitulum of the humerus and lateral to the coronoid fossa, in which the margin of the head of the radius rests when the elbow is in extreme flexion. ... Synonym: fossa radialis humeri. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radial growth phase
The early pattern of growth of cutaneous malignant melanoma, in which tumour cells spread laterally in the epidermis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radial head
The name applied to a head of origin of a muscle arising from the radius. Nomina Anatomica no longer lists any muscles as having radial heads, although formerly a radial head was listed for the flexor digitorum superficialis muscle ... Synonym: caput radiale. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radial head subluxation
Subluxation of the radial head within the elbow joint is also referred to as nursemaid's elbow. This orthopaedic condition is seen commonly in toddlers who may be lifted up by outstretched arms. Instability of the radial head leads to subluxation. The child with nursemaid's usually has their arm in hanging in extension at their side and any attempt …

radial immunodiffusion
<technique> A quantitative variation of immunodiffusion in which the agar gel contains evenly distributed antigen (or antibody) and its counterpart from the test sample diffuses into the gel from a single well resulting in a circular precipitin line around the sample well. ... The diameter of the precipitin ring is proportional to the concentr …

radial index artery
Synonym for radialis indicis artery ... <anatomy, artery> Origin, radial; distribution, radial side of index finger. ... Synonym: arteria radialis indicis, arteria volaris indicis radialis, radial index artery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radial keratotomy
<procedure> A keratotomywith radial incisions around a clear central zone. A form of refractive keratoplasty used in the treatment of myopia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radial nerve
<anatomy, nerve> A major nerve of the upper extremity. In humans the fibres of the radial nerve originate in the lower cervical and upper thoracic spinal cord (usually c5 to t1), travel via the posterior cord of the brachial plexus, and supply motor innervation to extensor muscles of the arm and cutaneous sensory fibres to extensor regions of …

radial notch
The concavity on the lateral aspect of the coronoid process of the ulna that articulates with the head of the radius. ... Synonym: incisura radialis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radial phenomenon
Dorsal flexion of the hand occurring involuntarily with palmar flexion of the fingers. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radial pulse
The pulse as appreciated at the radial artery usually in the wrist. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radial recurrent artery
<anatomy, artery> Origin, radial; distribution, ascends around lateral side of elbow joint; anastomoses, radial collateral, interosseous recurrent. ... Synonym: arteria recurrens radialis, recurrent radial artery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radial reflex
On tapping the lower end of the radius, flexion of the forearm occurs, and sometimes, on strong percussion, flexion of the fingers. ... See: inverted radial reflex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radial scar
Synonym for radial sclerosing lesion ... A variant of sclerosing adenosis of the breast with central scar formation and radiating hyperplastic ducts. ... Synonym: radial scar. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radial sclerosing lesion
A variant of sclerosing adenosis of the breast with central scar formation and radiating hyperplastic ducts. ... Synonym: radial scar. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radial spoke
The structure that links the outer microtubule doublet of the ciliary axoneme with the sheath that surrounds the central pair of microtubules. The spokes are arranged periodically along the axoneme every 29nm, have a stalk about 32nm long and a bulbous region adjacent to the sheath. at least 17 different polypeptides are associated with the spokes. …

radial styloid tendovaginitis
Synonym for de Quervain's disease ... Fibrosis of the sheath of a tendon of the thumb. ... Synonym: radial styloid tendovaginitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radial tuberosity
An oval projection from the medial surface of the radius just distal to the neck, giving attachment on its posterior half to the tendon of the biceps. ... Synonym: tuberositas radii, bicipital tuberosity, tuber radii, tuberosity of radius. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radial veins
Venae comitantes of the raidal artery continuing from those of the radial aspect of the deep palmar arch, draining into the venae comitantes of the brachial artery in the cubital fossa. ... Synonym: venae radiales. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radialis
Synonym: radial. ... Origin: Mod. L. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radialis indicis artery
<anatomy, artery> Origin, radial; distribution, radial side of index finger. ... Synonym: arteria radialis indicis, arteria volaris indicis radialis, radial index artery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radially
Arranged or having parts arranged like rays developing uniformly around a central axis. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

radially symmetrical
Said of an organism or organ which can be cut through the centre into equal and similar parts along two or more planes, actinomorphic. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

radiant
1. Emitting or proceeding as from a center; rays; radiating; radiate. ... 2. Especially, emitting or darting rays of light or heat; issuing in beams or rays; beaming with brightness; emitting a vivid light or splendor; as, the radiant sun. 'Mark what radiant state she spreads.' (Milton) ... 3. Beaming with vivacity and happiness; as, a radiant face.< …

radiant energy
Energy contained in light rays or any other form of radiation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radiant heat
Heat given off from any body in the form of waves, similar to light waves but of greater wavelength. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radiant intensity
Synonym for luminous intensity ... The luminous flux per unit solid angle in a given direction. ... Synonym: candle-power, radiant intensity. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radiata
<zoology> An extensive artificial group of invertebrates, having all the parts arranged radially around the vertical axis of the body, and the various organs repeated symmetrically in each ray or spheromere. ... It includes the coelenterates and the echinoderms. Formerly, the group was supposed to be a natural one, and was considered one of th …

radiate
1. To emit rays; to be radiant; to shine. 'Virtues shine more clear In them [kings], and radiant like the sun at noon.' (Howell) ... 2. To proceed in direct lines from a point or surface; to issue in rays, as light or heat. 'Light radiates from luminous bodies directly to our eyes.' (Locke) ... Origin: L. Radiatus, p. P. Of radiare to furnish with sp …

radiate crown
Synonym for corona radiata ... A fan-shaped fibre mass on the white matter of the cerebral cortex, composed of the widely radiating fibres of the internal capsule; a single layer of columnar cells derived from the cumulus oophorus, which anchor on the pellucid zone of the oocyte in a secondary follicle. ... Synonym: radiate crown. ... (05 Mar 2000) …

radiate layer of tympanic membrane
Synonym for stratum radiatum membranae tympani ... The connective tissue layer of the tympanic membrane beneath the stratum cutaneum, the fibres of which radiate from the manubrium of the malleus to the peripheral fibrocartilaginous ring of the membrane; absent from the pars flaccida. ... Synonym: radiate layer of tympanic membrane. ... (05 Mar 2000)< …

radiate ligament
Synonym for radiate ligament of head of rib ... The radiate, stellate, or anterior costovertebral ligament connecting the head of each rib to the bodies of the two vertebrae with which it articulates. ... Synonym: ligamentum capitis costae radiatum, ligamentum radiatum, radiate ligament, stellate ligament. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radiate ligament of head of rib
The radiate, stellate, or anterior costovertebral ligament connecting the head of each rib to the bodies of the two vertebrae with which it articulates. ... Synonym: ligamentum capitis costae radiatum, ligamentum radiatum, radiate ligament, stellate ligament. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radiate ligament of wrist
The ligament that extends from the capitate bone to the scaphoid, lunate, and triquetrum on the palmar side of the wrist. ... Synonym: ligamentum carpi radiatum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radiate sternocostal ligaments
Fibres of the articular capsule that radiate from the costal cartilages to the anterior surface of the sternum. ... Synonym: ligamenta sternocostalia radiata. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radiatio
In neuroanatomy, a term applied to any one of the thalamocortical fibre systems that together compose the corona radiata of the cerebral hemisphere's white matter (e.g., optic radiation, acoustic radiation, etc.). ... Synonym: radiation. ... Origin: L. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radiatio acustica
Synonym for acoustic radiation ... The fibres that pass from the medial geniculate body to the transverse temporal gyri of the cerebral cortex by way of the sublentiform part of the internal capsule. ... Synonym: radiatio acustica. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radiatio corporis callosi
Synonym for radiation of corpus callosum ... The spreading out of the fibres of the corpus callosum in the centrum semiovale of each cerebral hemisphere. ... Synonym: radiatio corporis callosi. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radiatio optica
Synonym for optic radiation ... The massive, fanlike fibre system passing from the lateral geniculate body of the thalamus to the visual cortex (striate or calcarine cortex, area 17 of Brodmann); the fibres follow the retrolenticular and sublenticular limbs of the internal capsule into the corona radiata but they curve back along the lateral wall of …

radiatio pyramidalis
Synonym for pyramidal radiation ... Corticospinal fibres passing from the cortex into the pyramid. ... Synonym: radiatio pyramidalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radiation
<radiobiology> Propagation of energy through space. In the context of this report, it is electromagnetic radiation (X-rays or gamma rays) or corpuscular radiation (alpha particles, electrons, protons, neutrons) capable of producing ionisation. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

radiation anaemia
Hypoplastic anaemia sometimes occurring after high-level acute or low-level chronic exposure to ionizing radiation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radiation biology
Field of science that studies the biological effects of ionizing radiation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radiation biophysics
The study of the effects of radiation on cells, tissues, biomolecules, and living organisms. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radiation burn
A burn caused by exposure to radium, X-rays, atomic energy in any form, ultraviolet rays, etc. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radiation caries
Caries of the cervical regions of the teeth, incisal edges, and cusp tips secondary to xerostomia induced by radiation therapy to the head and neck. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radiation cataract
A cataract caused by excessive or prolonged exposure to ultraviolet rays, X-rays, radium, beta rays, gamma rays, heat, or radioactive isotopes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radiation chemistry
The science concerned with the effects of ionizing or nuclear radiation on chemical reactions or materials. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radiation chimera
An organism whose body contains cell populations of different genotypes as a result of the injection of foreign cells into it after it has received sufficient ionizing radiation to destroy the mature host cells which would otherwise reject the injected cells. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

radiation damage, bulk
<radiobiology> General term describing changes in chemical and/or metallurgical properties of structure components of fusion reactor caused by atomic displacement and nuclear transmutation events occuring as a result of exposure to a radiation environment (such as the neutrons emitted from a fission or D-T fusion reactor). ... (09 Oct 1997) …

radiation damage, surface
<radiobiology> General term describing damage to the surface of the containment structure which directly interfaces with the thermonuclear plasma, includes such phenomena as radiation blistering, charged-particle (or neutron) sputtering, and spallation or exfoliation of layers of the surface. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

radiation dermatosis
Skin changes at the site of ionizing radiation, particularly erythema in the acute stage, temporary or permanent epilation, and chronic changes in the epidermis and dermis resembling actinic keratosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radiation fibrosis
The formation of scar tissue as a result of radiation therapy to the lung. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

radiation inactivation
The technique of inactivating proteins in freeze dried (lyophilised) preparations using high energy particles (e.g. Electrons). One high energy particle can apparently inactivate all of the components of a multisubunit polypeptide, the method is therefore used to determine the molecular weight of functional oligomers. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

radiation injuries
Harmful effects of non-experimental exposure to ionizing or non-ionizing radiation in chordates. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

radiation injuries, experimental
Harmful effects of exposure to ionizing or non-ionizing radiation produced experimentally in chordates. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

radiation leukaemia virus
A murine leukaemia virus isolated from radiation-induced lymphomas in c57bl mice. It is leukemogenic, thymotrophic, can be transmitted vertically, and replicates only in vivo. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

radiation monitoring
The observation, either continuously or at intervals, of the levels of radiation in a given area, generally for the purpose of assuring that they have not exceeded prescribed amounts or, in case of radiation already present in the area, assuring that the levels have returned to those meeting acceptable safety standards. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

radiation myelitis
Synonym for radiation myelopathy ... Damage to the spinal cord from exposure to X-rays or other high energy radiation; usually radiation myelitis. ... Synonym: radiation myelitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radiation myelopathy
Damage to the spinal cord from exposure to X-rays or other high energy radiation; usually radiation myelitis. ... Synonym: radiation myelitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radiation of corpus callosum
The spreading out of the fibres of the corpus callosum in the centrum semiovale of each cerebral hemisphere. ... Synonym: radiatio corporis callosi. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radiation oncologist
A physician specifically trained in the use of high energy X-rays to treat cancer. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

radiation oncology
<study> The medical study of the use of radiation (X-rays, gamma rays or electrons) to destroy cancers. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

radiation physicist
A nonmedically qualified person who specialises in the application of physics to plan and deliver irradiation, assisting the radiotherapist in planning and treatment. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

radiation pneumonitis
Injurious effects of radiotherapy on the lungs. There are three phases in the reaction of the lungs to radiation injury: an acute phase occurring 1 to 2 months after exposure, a subacute phase 2 to 9 months after exposure, and a chronic or fibrotic phase more than 9 months after exposure. In the acute phase there is vascular damage, congestion, oed …

radiation poisoning
Synonym for radiation sickness ... A systemic condition caused by substantial whole-body irradiation, seen after nuclear explosions or accidents, rarely after radiotherapy. Manifestations depend on dose, ranging from anorexia, nausea, vomiting, and mild leukopenia, to thrombocytopenia with haemorrhage, severe leukopenia with infection, anaemia, cent …

radiation risks
The risks to health posed by exposure to radiation. Exposure comes from both natural sources and from man-made ones (medical and occupational). ... See: background radiation.Because any amount of radiation may cause cellular mutations, considerable effort has been made by government and independent researchers to establish exposure guidelines. In mo …

radiation sickness
A systemic condition caused by substantial whole-body irradiation, seen after nuclear explosions or accidents, rarely after radiotherapy. Manifestations depend on dose, ranging from anorexia, nausea, vomiting, and mild leukopenia, to thrombocytopenia with haemorrhage, severe leukopenia with infection, anaemia, central nervous system damage, and dea …

radiation therapy
<radiobiology> Treatment with high energy radiation from X-rays or other sources of radiation. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

radiation tolerance
The ability of some cells or tissues to withstand ionizing radiation without serious injury. Tolerance depends on the species, cell type, and physical and chemical variables, including radiation-protective agents and radiation-sensitizing agents. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

radiation weighting factor
In radiation protection, a factor weighting the absorbed dose of radiation of a specific type and energy for its effect on tissue. ... See: equivalent dose. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radiation-protective agents
Drugs used to protect against ionizing radiation. They are usually of interest for use in radiation therapy but have been considered for other, e.g. Military, purposes. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

radiation-sensitizing agents
Drugs used to potentiate the effectiveness of radiation therapy in destroying unwanted cells. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

radiation, ionizing
Electromagnetic or corpuscular radiation capable of producing ions, directly or indirectly, in its passage through matter. The wavelengths are equal to or smaller than those of short (far) ultraviolet radiation and include gamma and X-rays and high-energy elementary particles. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

radiation, nonionizing
Electromagnetic radiation which does not produce ions in matter through which it passes. Its wavelengths are generally greater than those of far ultraviolet radiation and range through the longest radio waves. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

radical
1. <chemistry> An atom or or electrically neutral group that has one or more unpaired electrons. ... 2. <botany> Of leaves, clustered at the base of the stem. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

radical cystectomy
<procedure> Surgery to remove the bladder as well as nearby tissues and organs. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

radical hysterectomy
<procedure> Complete removal of the uterus, upper vagina, and parametrium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radical mastectomy
<procedure, surgery> The surgical removal of the breast, part of the underlying pectoralmuscle and some or all of the lymph nodes under the armpit. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

radical mastectomy, modified
Breast cancer treatment involving removal of the breast, lymph nodes (the glands ) in the armpit and associated skin and subcutaneous tissue. It differs from total radical mastectomy in that the pectoral (chest) muscles are preserved. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

radical mastectomy, total
Breast cancer treatment involving removal of the breast, the pectoral (chest) muscles, lymph nodes (the glands ) in the armpit and associated skin and subcutaneous tissue. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

radical mastoidectomy
<procedure> An operation to exteriorise and join the mastoid air cells, the middle ear space, and the external meatus, often for extensive cholesteatoma. ... Synonym: tympanomeatomastoidectomy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radical neck dissection
The most commonly performed major operation for head and neck malignancies, most of which are squamous cell carcinomas. The neck is opened laterally, the majority of the sternocleidomastoid muscle is removed, as are the regional cervical lymph nodes, the jugular vein, the spinal accessory nerve, the submaxillary gland and most of the parotid gland. …

radical operation for hernia
An operation by which the hernia is not only reduced, but the hernial defect is also repaired. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radical surgery
Surgery designed to remove all possible diseased tissue, for example, all possible tumour tissue. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

radical, free
In biochemistry, it is a group of atoms bonded together into an entity that is extremely reactive and shortlived. (a free radical is not a political extremist on parole.) ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

radices
Plural of radix. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radices craniales
Synonym for cranial root of accessory nerve ... <anatomy, nerve> The roots of the accessory nerve which arise from the medulla; the nerve fibres of the cranial root join the intracranial portion of the vagus nerve and are distributed to the pharyngeal plexus, providing the motor innervation of the soft palate (except the tensor veli palati) an …

radices nervi trigemini
Synonym for roots of trigeminal nerve ... <anatomy, nerve> Collective term for the sensory root of trigeminal nerve and motor root of trigeminal nerve. ... Synonym: radices nervi trigemini. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radices spinales nervi accessorii
Synonym for spinal root of accessory nerve ... <anatomy, nerve> Originates from the upper five or six cervical spinal segments, emerges from the lateral surface of the spinal cord and ascends through the foramen magnum to join the cranial root. ... Synonym: radices spinales nervi accessorii, ramus externus nervi accessorii, pars spinalis nervi …

radicle
<plant biology> The portion of an embryo that gives rise to the root system of a plant. ... Compare: plumule. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...