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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

R-on-T phenomenon
A premature ventricular (QRS) complex in the electrocardiogram interrupting the T wave of the preceding beat; often predisposes to serious ventricular arrhythmias. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

R-R interval
The time elapsing between two consecutive R waves in the electrocardiogram. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

R17 bacteriophage
Bacteriophage with RNA genome that codes for the enzyme RNA synthetase and for the coat protein, a protein to which the RNA is attached and that is involved in attachment to the bacterium. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

Ra
Synonym for radium ... The celebrated radioactive element discovered by Marie and pierre curie in 1898. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

rab gene
1. <molecular biology> One of the three main groups of ras like genes specifying small GTP-binding proteins (the others are ras and rho). Rab proteins are involved in vesicular traffic and seem to control translocation from donor to acceptor membranes. ... 2. <cell biology> Gene family in plants responsive to abscisic acid: encode protei …

Rab geranylgeranyltransferase
<enzyme> Multisubunit enzyme that prenylates GTP-binding proteins terminating in cys-x-cys or cys-cys ... Registry number: EC 2.5.1.- ... Synonym: rab gg transferase, rab geranylgeranyl transferase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

Rab28 GTPase
<chemical> A ras-related GTPase; the 2 isoforms (hrab28s and hrab28l) differ in their c-termini; genbank x78606 ... Synonym: hrab28s, hrab28l ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

Rab29 GTPase
<chemical> A ras-related GTPase; genbank x96663; amino acid sequence given in first source ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

rabbeting
Making congruous stepwise cuts on apposing bone surfaces for stability after impaction. ... Origin: Fr. Raboter, to plane ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rabbit
<zoology> Any of the smaller species of the genus Lepus, especially the common European species (Lepus cuniculus), which is often kept as a pet, and has been introduced into many countries. It is remarkably prolific, and has become a pest in some parts of Australia and New Zealand. ... The common American rabbit (L. Sylvalica) is similar but s …

rabbit fever
Synonym for tularaemia ... <infectious disease, microbiology> A rare infection of rabbits and rodents caused by the bacteria Francisella tularensis. ... Francisella tularensis is found in many animals (rabbits, rodents) and may be transmitted by direct contact or via insect bite (ticks and deer-fly). Humans can also contract the illness via the …

rabbit fibroma
Synonym for Shope fibroma ... A connective tissue tumour of cottontail rabbits caused by a poxvirus of the genus Leporipoxvirus and found by Shope to be transmissible with cellular suspensions or Berkefeld filtrates; it is related to myxomatosis and is used in Europe as a source of vaccine to protect against the myxoma virus. ... Synonym: rabbit fibr …

rabbit fibroma virus
A poxvirus of the genus Leporipoxvirus, closely related to vaccinia and myxoma viruses, that causes Shope fibroma. ... Synonym: fibromatosis virus of rabbits, Shope fibroma virus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rabbit haemorrhagic disease
A highly infectious disease of rabbits, caused by a calicivirus and characterised by haemorrhagic lesions, particularly affecting the lungs and liver; since it was first identified in China in 1984, it has been reported from Korea, it has spread through Europe, and it has reached North Africa and Mexico. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rabbit myxoma virus
The poxvirus of the genus Leporipoxvirus causing myxomatosis of rabbits. ... Synonym: myxomatosis virus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rabbit plague
Synonym for rabbitpox ... A virulent epidemic disease among laboratory rabbits caused by the rabbitpox virus, a member of the family Poxviridae; it does not apparently occur among wild rabbits. ... Synonym: rabbit plague. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rabbitpox
A virulent epidemic disease among laboratory rabbits caused by the rabbitpox virus, a member of the family Poxviridae; it does not apparently occur among wild rabbits. ... Synonym: rabbit plague. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rabbitpox virus
An orthopoxvirus that causes epidemics of pox in laboratory rabbits; immunologically, it is closely related to vaccinia virus but is more virulent in rabbits. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rabid
1. Furious; raging; extremely violent. 'The rabid flight Of winds that ruin ships.' (Chapman) ... 2. Extreme, unreasonable, or fanatical in opinion; excessively zealous; as, a rabid socialist. ... 3. Affected with the distemper called rabies; mad; as, a rabid god or fox. ... 4. <medicine> Of or pertaining to rabies, or hydrophobia; as, rabid vir …

rabies immune globulin
Globulin fraction of pooled plasma of high anti-rabies virus titre from immunised persons. ... Synonym: rabies immunoglobulin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rabies immunoglobulin
rabies immune globulin (human) ...

rabies vaccine
An inactivated virus vaccine, used for preexposure immunization to persons at high risk of exposure, e.g., veterinarians, and in conjunction with rabies immunoglobulin, for postexposure prophylaxis. The official preparation is human diploid cell vaccine produced from rabies virus grown in cultures of human diploid embryo lung cells and inactivated …

rabies virus
<organism, virology> Species of the Rhabdoviridae that causes rabies in humans. The virus infects the cells in the brain, causing a fatal encephalomyelitis. It is found all over the world, but strict quarantine regulations have excluded it from Britain and Australia. The virus infects a number of domestic and wild mammals, whose saliva is inf …

rabiform
Resembling rabies. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rabphilin
<protein> Receptor (704 amino acid residues) for the small GTP-binding protein rab3A that is implicated in regulated secretion, particularly of neurotransmitters. The N terminal region interacts with rab3A, the C terminal domain interacts with calcium and phospholipid and rabphilin is found in association with sites of exocytosis in neurites. …

rac
1. <molecular biology> Small GTP-binding protein involved in regulating actin cytoskeleton the activated form of rac seems to induce membrane ruffling (whereas rho acts on stress fibres). Rac may be activated by specific GAPs such as Bcr and n chimaerin. ... 2. <prefix> Prefix for racaemic. ... (21 Jun 2000) ...

racaemic
<chemistry> Denoting a mixture of optically active compounds that is itself optically inactive, being composed of an equal number of dextro-and levorotatory substances, which are separable. ... Those compounds internally compensated (i.e., having an internal plane of symmetry), and therefore not separable into d and l (or + and -) forms, are t …

racaemic calcium pantothenate
<chemistry> A mixture of the calcium salts of the dextrorotatory and levorotatory isomers of pantothenic acid; same uses as calcium pantothenate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

racaemic mixture
<chemistry> A 50:50 mixture of two enantiomers (such a mixture does not rotate plane-polarized light). ... (09 Jan 1998) ...

raccoon
<zoology> A North American nocturnal carnivore of the genus procyon of the family procyonidae (Procyon lotor) which allied to the bears, but much smaller, and having a long, full tail, banded with black and gray. Two subgenera and seven species are currently recognised. ... Its body is gray, varied with black and white. Called also coon, and m …

raccoon eye
<clinical sign, ophthalmology> The appearance of the eyes produced by subconjunctival haemorrhage and/or periorbital ecchymosis. ... Synonym: bilateral medial orbital ecchymoses. ... (21 Jun 2000) ...

race
1. The descendants of a common ancestor; a family, tribe, people, or nation, believed or presumed to belong to the same stock; a lineage; a breed. 'The whole race of mankind.' (Shak) 'Whence the long race of Alban fathers come.' (Dryden) ... Naturalists and ehnographers divide mankind into several distinct varieties, or races. Cuvier refers them all …

race relations
Cultural contacts between people of different races. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

racefemine
<drug> Used as a uterine relaxant for relief of postpartum pain. ... Chemical name: Dl-threo-alpha-Methyl-N-(1-methyl-2-phenoxyethyl)phenethylamine ... (21 Jun 2000) ...

racemase
<enzyme> Enzymes that catalyze inversion of the configuration around an asymmetric carbon in a substrate having one (racemase) or more (epimerase) centre(s) of asymmetry. For example; hydroxyproline, ribulose phosphate). ... Registry number: EC 5.1 ... (21 Jun 2000) ...

raceme
<plant biology> An indeterminate inflorescence in which a main main stem produces a series of flowers on lateral stalks, the oldest at the base and the youngest at the top. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

racemic
<chemistry> Pertaining to, or designating, an acid found in many kinds of grapes. It is also obtained from tartaric acid, with which it is isomeric, and from sugar, gum, etc, by oxidation. It is a sour white crystalline substance, consisting of a combination of dextrorotatory and levorotatory tartaric acids. ... Origin: Cf. F. Racemique. See R …

racemic mixture
A mixture of equal amounts of the two stereoisomersof an optically active substance. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

racemization
Partial conversion of one enantiomorph into another (as an l-amino acid to the corresponding d-amino acid) so that the specific optical rotation is decreased, or even reduced to zero, in the resulting mixture. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

racemose aneurysm
Synonym for cirsoid aneurysm ... Dilation of a group of blood vessels owing to congenital malformation with arteriovenous shunting. ... Synonym: cirsoid varix, racemose aneurysm, racemose haemangioma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

racemose gland
A gland that has the appearance of a bunch of grapes if viewed as a three-dimensional reconstruction; e.g., a compound acinous or alveolar gland. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

racemose haemangioma
Synonym for cirsoid aneurysm ... Dilation of a group of blood vessels owing to congenital malformation with arteriovenous shunting. ... Synonym: cirsoid varix, racemose aneurysm, racemose haemangioma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

racephedrine hydrochloride
Dl-Ephedrine hydrochloride;a sympathomimetic drug with peripheral effects similar to those of epinephrine, and with the same actions and uses as ephedrine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rachi-
The spine. ... Origin: G. Rhachis, spine, backbone ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rachial
Synonym for spinal ... <anatomy> Pertaining to a spine or to the vertebral column. ... Origin: L. Spinalis ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

rachicentesis
Synonym: lumbar puncture. ... Origin: rachi-+ G. Kentesis, puncture ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rachidial
Synonym for spinal ... <anatomy> Pertaining to a spine or to the vertebral column. ... Origin: L. Spinalis ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

rachigraph
A graph for recording the curves of the vertebrae. ... Origin: rachi-+ G. Grapho, to write ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rachilla
The main stem of a grass spikelet, above the glumes. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

rachilysis
Forcible correction of lateral curvature of the spine by lateral pressure against the convexity of the curve. ... Origin: rachi-+ G. Lysis, a loosening ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rachiocampsis
Curvature of the spine. ... See: kyphosis, lordosis, scoliosis. ... Origin: rachio-+ G. Kampsis, a bending ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rachiocentesis
Synonym: lumbar puncture. ... Origin: rachio-+ G. Kentesis, puncture ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rachiochysis
A subarachnoid effusion of fluid in the spinal canal. ... Origin: rachio-+ G. Chysis, a pouring out ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rachiometer
An instrument for measuring the curvature of the spine, natural or pathologic, of the spinal column. ... Origin: rachio-+ G. Metron, measure ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rachiopagus
Conjoined twins united back to back as a result of fusion of their spinal columns. ... See: conjoined twins. ... Synonym: rachipagus. ... Origin: rachio-+ G. Pagos, something fixed ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rachiopathy
Synonym: spondylopathy. ... Origin: rachio-+ G. Pathos, suffering ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rachioplegia
Synonym: spinal paralysis. ... Origin: rachio-+ G. Plege, stroke ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rachioscoliosis
Synonym for scoliosis ... <anatomy> A congenital lateral curvature of the spine. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

rachiotome
A specially devised instrument for dividing the laminae of the vertebrae. ... Synonym: rachitome. ... Origin: rachio-+ G. Tome, incision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rachiotomy
Synonym: laminotomy. ... Origin: rachio-+ G. Tome, incision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rachipagus
Synonym for rachiopagus ... Conjoined twins united back to back as a result of fusion of their spinal columns. ... See: conjoined twins. ... Synonym: rachipagus. ... Origin: rachio-+ G. Pagos, something fixed ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rachis
The main stem of an inflorescence or a pinnate leaf. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

rachischisis
1. Embryologic failure of fusion of vertebral arches and neural tube with consequent exposure of neural tissue at surface; spina bifida cystica with myelocele or myeloschisis. ... 2. Spinal dysraphism. ... Origin: G. Rhachis, spine, + schisis, division ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rachischisis partialis
Synonym for merorachischisis ... Merorrhachischisis ... Fissure of a portion of the spinal cord. ... Synonym: mesorrhachischisis, rachischisis partialis. ... Origin: mero-+ G. Rhachis, spine, + schisis, fissure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rachischisis totalis
Synonym for holorachischisis ... Spina bifida of the entire spinal column. ... Synonym: araphia, rachischisis totalis. ... Origin: holo-+ G. Rhachis, spine, + schisis, fissure ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rachitic
To do with rickets, a disease caused by Vitamin D deficiency. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

rachitic diet
A diet that will induce rickets in susceptible experimental animals. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rachitic pelvis
A contracted and deformed pelvis, most commonly a flat pelvis, occurring from rachitic softening of the bones in early life. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rachitic rosary
A row of beading at the junction of the ribs with their cartilages, often seen in rachitic children. ... Synonym: beading of the ribs. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rachitic scoliosis
Scoliosis occurring as a result of rickets. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rachitis foetalis
congenital rickets ...

rachitis foetalis annularis
Congenital enlargement of the epiphyses of the long bones. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rachitis foetalis micromelica
A congenital condition in which development of the long bones is deficient. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rachitis intrauterina
Synonym for rachitis foetalis ... congenital rickets ...

rachitis tarda
Synonym for osteomalacia ... <pathology> A condition marked by softening of the bones (due to impaired mineralisation, with excess accumulation of osteoid), with pain, tenderness, muscular weakness, anorexia and loss of weight, resulting from deficiency of vitamin D and calcium. ... Origin: Gr. Malakia = softness ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

rachitism
A rachitic state or tendency. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rachitogenic
Producing or causing rickets. ... Origin: rachitis + G. Genesis, production ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rachitome
Synonym for rachiotome ... A specially devised instrument for dividing the laminae of the vertebrae. ... Synonym: rachitome. ... Origin: rachio-+ G. Tome, incision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rachitomy
Synonym for laminectomy ... <procedure, surgery> A surgical procedure which is designed to relieve pressure on the spinal cord or nerve root that is being caused by a slipped or herniated disk in the lumbar spine. ... This procedure is also used in the treatment of spinal stenosis. This procedure includes removal of a portion of the bone compri …

racial stocks
Major living subspecies of man differentiated by genetic and physical characteristics. There are four racial groups: australoid, caucasoid, mongoloid, and negroid. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

rack
1. An instrument or frame used for stretching, extending, retaining, or displaying, something. Specifically: An engine of torture, consisting of a large frame, upon which the body was gradually stretched until, sometimes, the joints were dislocated; formerly used judicially for extorting confessions from criminals or suspected persons. 'During the …

racket
1. A thin strip of wood, having the ends brought together, forming a somewhat elliptical hoop, across which a network of catgut or cord is stretched. It is furnished with a handle, and is used for catching or striking a ball in tennis and similar games. 'Each one [of the Indians] has a bat curved like a crosier, and ending in a racket.' (Bancroft)< …

racket amputation
A circular or slightly oval amputation, in which a long incision is made in the axis of the limb. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

racket nail
A broad flat thumbnail resulting from a congenital shorter and wider distal phalanx of the thumb. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

racquet hypha
A vegetative hypha with distal ends of successive cells inflated, resembling a string of elongated snowshoes or tennis racquets; seen in many mycelial fungi, e.g., many dermatophyte species in culture. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

racquet sports
Games in which players use a racquet to hit a ball or similar type object. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

racy
1. Having a strong flavor indicating origin; of distinct characteristic taste; tasting of the soil; hence, fresh; rich. 'The racy wine, Late from the mellowing cask restored to light.' (Pope) ... 2. Hence: Exciting to the mental taste by a strong or distinctive character of thought or language; peculiar and piquant; fresh and lively. 'Our raciest, m …

rad
<radiobiology> A unit of absorbed dose: One rad is 0.01 Joule absorbed per kilogram of any material. (Also defined as 100 ergs per gram and written rad). It is being replaced by the gray (Gy). One rad equals one hundredth of a gray. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

Rad3 ATPase-DNA helicase
<enzyme> Can unwind duplex regions as short as 11 base pairs in a partially duplex circular DNA substrate; on partially duplex linear substrates, the enzyme has a strict 5'--3' polarity with respect to the single strand to which it binds; nicked circular DNA is not utilised; from saccharomyces cerevisiae ... Registry number: EC 3.6.1.- ... Syno …

radar
A system using beamed and reflected radio signals to and from an object in such a way that range, bearing, and other characteristics of the object may be determined. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

radarkymography
An obsolete procedure involving the video tracking of heart motion by means of image intensification and closed circuit television during fluoroscopy; enabled cardiac motion to be measured by reproducible linear graphic tracing. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

raddle
1. A long, flexible stick, rod, or branch, which is interwoven with others, between upright posts or stakes, in making a kind of hedge or fence. ... 2. A hedge or fence made with raddles; called also raddle hedge. ... 3. An instrument consisting of a woodmen bar, with a row of upright pegs set in it, used by domestic weavers to keep the warp of a pro …

radectomy
Synonym: root amputation. ... Origin: L. Radix, root, + G. Ektome, excision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Radford
Edward P., Jr., U.S. Physiologist, *1922. ... See: Radford nomogram. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Radford nomogram
A nomogram used to predict necessary tidal volume for artificial respiration on the basis of respiratory rate, body weight, and sex; correction factors are supplied for activity, fever, altitude, metabolic acidosis, and alterations in dead space. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radiability
The property of being radiable. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radiable
Capable of being penetrated or examined by rays, especially by X-rays. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radiad
In a direction toward the radial side. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

radial acceleration
The centripetal acceleration of a particle or vehicle moving along a curved path at a constant velocity; e.g., turning a curve in an automobile, pulling out of a dive, or performing a loop manoeuvre in an aircraft. In aviation, acceleration varies directly with the square of the air speed and inversely with the radius of the turn (a = V2/r, where V …

radial artery
<anatomy, artery> The direct continuation of the brachial trunk, originating at the bifurcation of the brachial artery opposite the neck of the radius. Its branches may be divided into three groups corresponding to the three regions in which the vessel is situated, the forearm, wrist, and hand. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...