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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

colloidal solution
A dispersoid, emulsoid, or suspensoid. ... Synonym: colloidal dispersion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colloidin
Synonym for colloid ... <chemistry> Microscopic particles suspended in some sort of liquid medium. The particles are between one nanometre and one micrometre in size and can be macromolecules. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

colloidoclasia
Colloidoclasis ... An obsolete term for a rupture of the colloid equilibrium in the body. ... Origin: colloid + G. Klasis, fracture ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colloidoclastic
An obsolete term denoting colloidoclasia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colloidogen
A substance capable of giving rise to a colloidal solution or suspension. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colloids
Two-phase systems in which one is uniformly dispersed in another as particles small enough so they cannot be filtered or will not settle out. The dispersing or continuous phase or medium envelops the particles of the discontinuous phase. All three states of matter can form colloids among each other. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

colloxylin
Synonym: pyroxylin. ... Origin: G. Kolla, glue, + xylinos, woody, fr. Xylon, wood ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

collum
1. The part between the shoulders or thorax and the head. ... 2. A constricted or necklike portion of any organ or other anatomical structure. ... Synonym: cervix. ... Origin: L. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

collum anatomicum humeri
Synonym for anatomical neck of humerus ... A groove separating the head of the humerus from the tuberosities, giving attachment to the articular capsule. ... Synonym: collum anatomicum humeri. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

collum chirurgicum humeri
Synonym for surgical neck of humerus ... The narrow portion below the head and tuberosities. ... Synonym: collum chirurgicum humeri. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

collum costae
Synonym for neck of rib ... The flattened portion of a rib between the head and the tuberosity. ... Synonym: collum costae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

collum dentis
Synonym for neck of tooth ... The slightly constricted part of a tooth, between the crown and the root. ... Synonym: cervix dentis, cervical margin of tooth, cervical zone of tooth, collum dentis, dental neck. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

collum distortum
Synonym for torticollis ... <neurology> A wry neck, a contracted state of the cervical muscles, producing twisting of the neck and an unnatural position of the head. ... Origin: L. Tortus = twisted, collum = neck ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

collum femoris
Synonym for neck of femur ... A short, constricted, strong bar projecting at an obtuse angle (about 125°) from the upper end of the shaft of the thigh bone and supporting its head. ... Synonym: collum ossis femoris, collum femoris, neck of thigh bone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

collum fibulae
Synonym for neck of fibula ... The slightly constricted region between the head and body of the fibula. ... Synonym: collum fibulae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

collum folliculi pili
Synonym for neck of hair follicle ... The narrowed part of the hair follicle between the hair bulb and the surface of the skin. ... Synonym: collum folliculi pili. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

collum glandis penis
Synonym for neck of glans penis ... A constriction behind the corona glandis of the penis. ... Synonym: collum glandis penis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

collum humeri
See: anatomical neck of humerus, surgical neck of humerus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

collum mallei
Synonym for neck of malleus ... The constricted portion of the malleus between the head and the manubrium. ... Synonym: collum mallei. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

collum mandibulae
Synonym for neck of mandible ... The constricted portion of the condylar process below the head of the mandible. ... Synonym: collum mandibulae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

collum ossis femoris
Synonym for neck of femur ... A short, constricted, strong bar projecting at an obtuse angle (about 125°) from the upper end of the shaft of the thigh bone and supporting its head. ... Synonym: collum ossis femoris, collum femoris, neck of thigh bone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

collum radii
Synonym for neck of radius ... The narrow part of the shaft just below the head. ... Synonym: collum radii. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

collum scapulae
Synonym for neck of scapula ... A slight constriction marking the separation of that portion bearing the glenoid cavity and coracoid process from the remainder of the scapula. ... Synonym: collum scapulae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

collum tali
Synonym for neck of talus ... A constriction separating the head, or anterior portion, from the body of the talus. ... Synonym: collum tali. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

collum vesicae biliaris
Synonym for neck of gallbladder ... The narrow portion between the body of the gallbladder and beginning of the cystic duct. ... Synonym: collum vesicae biliaris, collum vesicae felleae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

collum vesicae felleae
An alternate term for neck of gallbladder. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

collutorium
Synonym: mouthwash. ... Origin: Mod. L. Fr. Col-luo, pp. -lutus, to wash thoroughly ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

collutory
Synonym: mouthwash. ... Origin: L. Colluere, to rinse ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Collyriclum
A genus of trematodes. Collyriclum faba causes the formation of subcutaneous cysts (cutaneous monostomiasis) in chickens, turkeys, and other birds. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

collyrium
<pharmacology> A lotion for the eyes, an eye wash. ... Origin: L., Gr. Kollyrion = eye salve ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

colo-
The colon. ... Origin: G. Kolon ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colobinae
A subfamily of the old world monkeys, cercopithecidae, that inhabits the forests of africa and asia. The genera colobus (procolobus; colobus), nasalis (proboscis monkey), presbytis (semnopithecus; leaf monkey), pygathrix (rhinopithecus; snub-nosed monkey), and simias (pig-tailed langur) all belong to this subfamily. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

coloboma
Congenital anomaly in which some of the structures of the eye are absent due to incomplete fusion of the foetal intraocular fissure during gestation. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

coloboma iridis
Retention of the choroid fissure causing a congenital cleft of the iris, often associated with coloboma of the choroid, viable in the inferior ocular fundus, obsolete term for the iris defect resulting from a large surgical iridectomy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

coloboma lentis
A segment of the lens equator devoid of zonular fibres, giving the appearance of a notch. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

coloboma lobuli
Congenital fissure of the lobule of the ear. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

coloboma of choroid
A congenital defect of the choroid and retinal pigment epithelium exposing the sclera; the defect is usually situated below the optic disk in the region of foetal fissure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

coloboma of optic nerve
<anatomy, nerve> A congenital notch in the formation of the optic nerve, appearing as a craterlike excavation at the optic disk. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

coloboma of vitreous
A congenital indentation of the vitreous body by mesoderm; associated with severe myopia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

coloboma palpebrale
A congenital notch in the eyelid margin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colobus
A genus of old world monkeys, subfamily colobinae, family cercopithecidae, that inhabits the forests of africa. It consists of eight species: c. Angolensis (angolan colobus), c. Badius or c. Rufomitratus (red or bay colobus), c. Guereza (guereza or eastern black-and-white colobus), c. Kirkii (kirk's colobus), c. Polykomos (king colobus or western b …

colocentesis
Puncture of the colon with a trochar or scalpel to relieve distention. ... Synonym: colipuncture, colopuncture. ... Origin: colo-+ G. Kentesis, a puncture ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colocholecystostomy
Synonym for cholecystocolostomy ... <procedure> Establishment of a communication between the gallbladder and the colon. ... Synonym: colocholecystostomy, cystocolostomy. ... Origin: chole-+ G. Kystis, bladder, + kolon, colon, + stoma, mouth ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colocolic
From colon to colon; said of a spontaneous or induced anastomosis between two parts of the colon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colocolostomy
<procedure> Establishment of a communication between two noncontinuous segments of the colon. ... Origin: colo-+ colo-+ G. Stoma, mouth ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colocutaneous fistula
A fistula between the colon and the skin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colocynth
The peeled dried fruit of Citrullus colcynthis (family Cucurbitaceae), an herb of the sandy shores of the Mediterranean, resembling somewhat the watermelon plant; formerly widely used as a cathartic and laxative. ... Synonym: bitter apple. ... Origin: G. Kolokynthe, the round gourd or pumpkin ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colocystoplasty
Enlargement of the urinary bladder by attaching a segment of colon to it. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

coloenteritis
Synonym for enterocolitis ... <pathology> Inflammation involving both the small intestine and the colon. ... See: enteritis. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

colohepatopexy
Attachment of the colon to the liver by adhesions. ... Origin: colo-+ G. Hepar (hepat-), liver, + pexis, fixation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

coloileal fistula
A fistula between the colon and the ileum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cololysis
Procedure of freeing the colon from adhesions. ... Origin: colo-+ G. Lysis, loosening ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colominic acid
Polymer of a(1,5)-N-acetylneuraminic acid; found in Escherichia coli. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colon
<anatomy> Also called the large intestine. ... This structure has 6 major divisions: caecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon and rectum. The total length is approximately 5 feet in the adult and it is responsible for forming, storing and expelling waste matter. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

colon ascendens
Synonym for ascending colon ... <anatomy> The first part of the colon (large intestine) that starts in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen and ends at the transverse colon in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

colon bacillus
Synonym for Escherichia coli ... <bacteria> The archetypal bacterium for biochemists, used very extensively in experimental work. A rod shaped gram-negative bacillus (0.5 x 3-5 m) abundant in the large intestine (colon) of mammals. ... Abbreviation: E. Coli ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

colon cancer
<oncology> A malignancy that arises from the lining of either the colon or the rectum. Cancers of the large intestine are the second most common form of cancer found in males and females. ... Symptoms include rectal bleeding, occult blood in stools, bowel obstruction and weight loss. Treatment is based largely on the extent of cancer penetrati …

colon cancer and polyps
Benign tumours of the large intestine are called polyps. Malignant tumours of the large intestine are called cancers. Benign polyps do not invade nearby tissue or spread to other parts of the body. Benign polyps can be easily removed during colonoscopy, and are not life threatening. If benign polyps are not removed from the large intestine, they ca …

colon cancer, family history of
Colorectal cancer can run in families. The colon cancer risk is higher if an immediate (first-degree) family member (parents, siblings or children) had colorectal cancer and even higher if more than one such relative had colorectal cancer or if a family member developed the cancer at young age (younger than 55 years). Under any of these circumstanc …

colon carcinoma
<radiology> Risk factors: colonic adenoma, 93% of colorectal CA arises from adenomatous polyps, 5% of adenomas 5mm in size develop into carcinoma, family history and polyposis syndromes, chronic ulcerative colitis, prominent lymphoid follicular pattern, history of endometrial and breast carcinoma, metastasis: liver (25%); retroperitoneal/mese …

colon cutoff sign
Radiographic sign of (usually) inflammatory disease preventing distention of the distal transverse colon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colon descendens
Synonym for descending colon ... The fourth portion of the large intestine (colon) that communicates with the transverse colon in the left-upper quadrant of the abdomen and the rectum below. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

colon obstruction
<radiology> Primary colon carcinoma (70%), diverticulitis (spasm, scarring), volvulus (caecal, sigmoid), inflammatory stricture (IBD, etc.), extrinsic lesion (hernia, neoplasm), faecal impaction, intussusception, Hirschsprung disease, imperforate anus, meconium plug, adhesions, retractile mesenteritis Note: left colon more common, more subacu …

colon pelvinum
Synonym for sigmoid colon ... <anatomy> The portion of the colon that connects to the descending colon above and the rectum below. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

colon sigmoideum
Synonym for sigmoid colon ... <anatomy> The portion of the colon that connects to the descending colon above and the rectum below. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

colon transversum
Synonym for transverse colon ... <anatomy> The third division of the colon (large intestine). ... It communicates with the ascending colon in the upper right-hand quadrant of the abdomen and the descending colon in the upper left-hand quadrant. ... (19 Jan 1998) ...

colonalgia
Rarely used term for pain in the colon. ... Origin: colon + G. Algos, pain ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colonialism
The aggregate of various economic, political, and social policies by which an imperial power maintains or extends its control over other areas or peoples. It includes the practice of or belief in acquiring and retaining colonies. The emphasis is less on its identity as an ideological political system than on its designation in a period of history. …

colonic
Relating to the colon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colonic diverticula
Synonym for diverticula of colon ... Diverticula, which are herniations of mucosa and submucosa through or between fibres of the major muscle layer (muscularis propria) of the colon. Usually multiple, it occurs in 50% of western populations above the age of 70, but is much less common in other populations. Can cause bleeding and episodes of severe i …

colonic diverticulitis
<radiology> Perforation of diverticulum with intramural/localised paracolic abscess, incidence: 20-25% of diverticular disease, pneumoperitoneum rare CT findings: inflammation of pericolonic fat (98%), diverticula (84%), bowel wall thickening of 4-12 mm (70%), abscess (47%), fluid with or without air of peritonitis (16%); fistula (14%); obstr …

colonic diverticulosis
<radiology> Acquired herniations of mucosa and muscularis mucosa through the muscularis propria with wall components of mucosa, submucosa, and serosa = false diverticula of propulsion type, lateral diverticula: arise between mesenteric and antimesenteric teniae on opposite sides, antimesenteric intertenial diverticula: through the weakness in …

colonic fistula
Internal, a fistula between the colon and a hollow viscus, external, a fistula between the colon and the skin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colonic flora
<microbiology> The bacteria normally residing within the colon. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

colonic polyp
<gastroenterology> A pedunculated growth from the mucosal lining of the colon. ... most are benign but have the potential to become malignant (cancer). Can present clinically with blood in the stools. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

colonic pseudo-obstruction
Functional obstruction of the colon. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

colonic smear
Synonym for alimentary tract smear ... A group of cytologic specimens containing material from the mouth (oral smear), oesophagus and stomach (gastric smear), duodenum (paraduodenal smear), and colon, obtained by specialised lavage techniques; used principally for the diagnosis of cancer of those areas. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colonisation
<microbiology> Multiplication of a microorganism after it has attached to host tissues or other surfaces. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

colonisation factors
<microbiology> The pili on enteropathogenic forms of E. Coli facilitate adhesion of the bacteria to receptors (probably GM1 gangliosides) on gut epithelial cells and are often referred to as colonisation or adherence factors. ... Colonisation factor antigens may be plasmid coded, are essential for pathogenicity and are strain specific, for exa …

colonization
Synonym: innidiation. ... 2. The formation of compact population groups of the same type of microorganism, as the colonies that develop when a bacterial cell begins reproducing. ... 3. The care of certain persons, e.g., lepers, mental patients, in community groups. ... Genetic colonization, propagation of a gene by a host into which the gene has been …

colonogram
Graphic recording of movements of the colon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colonometer
A device for counting bacterial colonies. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colonopathy
<pathology> Any disease or disorder of the colon. ... Origin: Gr. Pathos = disease ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

colonorrhagia
Rarely used term for colourrhagia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colonorrhoea
Synonym for colourrhoea ... Rarely used term for diarrhoea thought to originate from a condition confined to or affecting chiefly the colon. ... Synonym: colonorrhoea. ... Origin: colo-+ G. Rhoia, a flow ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colonoscope
<instrument> A flexible, lighted instrument used to view the inside of the colon. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

colonoscopy
<procedure> An endoscopic (fibreoptic) examination of the large intestine (colon). ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

colony
<biology> A group of identical cells (clones) derived from a single parent cell. ... <cell culture> A clone of bacterial cells on a solid medium that is visible to the naked eye. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

colony count, microbial
Enumeration by direct count of viable, isolated bacterial or fungal cells or spores capable of growth on solid culture media. Each colony (i.e., microbial colony-forming unit) represents the progeny of a single cell in the original inoculum. The method is used routinely by environmental microbiologists for quantifying organisms in air, food, and wa …

colony counter
A device which counts the number of colonies on an agar plate (a solid growth medium). ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

colony hybridisation
<molecular biology> A genetics lab technique used to identify which colonies of bacteria on an agar plate contain a particular sequence of DNA or a particular gene. ... The technique involves pressing a nylon or nitrocellulose membrane onto the plate so that each colony contributes a small smudge of itself to the membrane, then treating the me …

colony-forming unit
<cell biology> An individual cell which is able to clone itself into an entire colony of identical cells. ... Irradiated mice can have their immune systems reconstituted by the injection of bone marrow cells from a nonirradiated animal. The injected cells form colonies in the spleen (hence s), each colony representing the progeny of a pluripot …

colony-forming units assay
A cytologic technique for measuring the functional capacity of stem cells by assaying their activity. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

colony-stimulating factor
<cell biology> A glycoprotein growth factor that regulates the differentiation of particular cells. ... These substances act in either paracrine or autocrine fashion on marrow cells, appear to act synergistically and can exert actions on several lines of progenitor cells, and influence end cell function. These lymphokines induce the maturation …

colopathy
Synonym for colonopathy ... <pathology> Any disease or disorder of the colon. ... Origin: Gr. Pathos = disease ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

colopexostomy
<procedure, surgery> Rarely used term for establishment of an artificial anus by creation of an opening into the colon after its fixation to the abdominal wall. ... Origin: colo-+ G. Pexis, fixation, + stoma, mouth ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colopexotomy
<procedure> Rarely used term for incision into the colon after its fixation to the abdominal wall. ... Origin: colo-+ G. Pexis, fixation, + tome, incision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colopexy
Attachment of a portion of the colon to the abdominal wall. ... Origin: colo-+ G. Pexis, fixation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colophony
Synonym: rosin. ... Origin: Colophon, Summit, a town in Ionia ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

coloplication
Reduction of the lumen of a dilated colon by making folds or tucks in its walls. ... Synonym: coliplication. ... Origin: colo-+ Mod. L. Plica, fold ... (05 Mar 2000) ...