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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

commissura alba
Synonym for white commissure ... A narrow band of white substance bordering on the anterior median fissure of the spinal cord in front of the anterior gray commissure, and consisting of nerve fibres crossing over from one half of the spinal cord to the other. ... Synonym: commissura alba, anterior white commissure, commissura ventralis alba, ventral …

commissura anterior
Synonym for anterior commissure ... A round bundle of nerve fibres that crosses the midline of the brain near the anterior limit of the third ventricle. It consists of a smaller anterior part, the fibres of which pass in part to the olfactory bulbs, and a larger posterior part, which interconnects the left and right temporal lobes. ... Synonym: commi …

commissura anterior grisea
See: substantia intermedia centralis et lateralis. ... Commissura bulborum ... An alternate term for commissure of vestibular bulb. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

commissura cinerea
Synonym for interthalamic adhesion ... The variable connection between the two thalamic masses across the third ventricle; absent in about 20% of human brains. ... Synonym: adhesio interthalamica, commissura cinerea, commissura grisea, intermediate mass, massa intermedia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

commissura colliculorum inferiorum
See: commissure of inferior colliculi. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

commissura colliculorum superiorum
Synonym for commissure of superior colliculus ... Nerve fibres interconnecting corresponding and noncorresponding portions of the two superior colliculi across the midline; may contain fibres originating outside the tectum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

commissura fornicis
The triangular subcallosal plate of commissural fibres resulting from the converging of the right and left fornix bundles which exchange numerous fibres and which curve back in the contralateral fornix to end in the hippocampus of the opposite side. ... Synonym: commissura hippocampi, commissure of fornix, delta fornicis, hippocampal commissure, psa …

commissura grisea
Synonym for interthalamic adhesion ... The variable connection between the two thalamic masses across the third ventricle; absent in about 20% of human brains. ... Synonym: adhesio interthalamica, commissura cinerea, commissura grisea, intermediate mass, massa intermedia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

commissura habenularum
The connection between the right and left habenular nuclei; the decussation of fibres of the two striae medullares, forming the dorsal portion of the peduncle of the pineal body. ... Synonym: commissure of habenulae, habenular commissure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

commissura hippocampi
Synonym for commissura fornicis ... The triangular subcallosal plate of commissural fibres resulting from the converging of the right and left fornix bundles which exchange numerous fibres and which curve back in the contralateral fornix to end in the hippocampus of the opposite side. ... Synonym: commissura hippocampi, commissure of fornix, delta fo …

commissura labiorum
Synonym for commissure of lips ... The junction of the lips lateral to the angle of the mouth. ... Synonym: commissura labiorum, junction of lips. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

commissura labiorum anterior
Synonym for anterior labial commissure ... The junction of the labia majora anteriorly at the mons pubis. ... Synonym: commissura labiorum anterior. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

commissura labiorum posterior
Synonym for posterior labial commissure ... A slight fold uniting the labia majora posteriorly in front of the anus. ... Synonym: commissura labiorum posterior. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

commissura palpebrarum lateralis
Synonym for lateral palpebral commissure ... The union of the upper and lower eyelids adjacent to the lateral angle. ... Synonym: commissura palpebrarum lateralis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

commissura palpebrarum medialis
Synonym for medial palpebral commissure ... The union of the upper and lower eyelids adjacent to the medial angle. ... Synonym: commissura palpebrarum medialis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

commissura posterior cerebri
A thin band of white matter, crossing from side to side beneath the habenula of the pineal body and over the aditus ad aqueductum cerebri; it is largely composed of fibres interconnecting the left and right pretectal region and related cell groups of the midbrain; dorsally, it marks the junction of the diencephalon and mesencephalon. ... Synonym: po …

commissura posterior grisea
Synonym for substantia intermedia centralis et lateralis ... central and lateral intermediate substance ...

commissura ventralis alba
Synonym for white commissure ... A narrow band of white substance bordering on the anterior median fissure of the spinal cord in front of the anterior gray commissure, and consisting of nerve fibres crossing over from one half of the spinal cord to the other. ... Synonym: commissura alba, anterior white commissure, commissura ventralis alba, ventral …

commissurae supraopticae
The commissural fibres that lie above and behind the optic chiasm. ... Synonym: Ganser's commissures, Gudden's commissures, Meynert's commissures, supraoptic commissures. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

commissural
Relating to a commissure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

commissural cell
A neuron whose axon passes to the opposite side of the neuraxis. ... Synonym: heteromeric cell. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

commissural cheilitis
Synonym for angular cheilitis ... Inflammation and fissuring radiating from the commissures of the mouth secondary to predisposing factors such as lost vertical dimension in denture wearers, nutritional deficiencies, atopic dermatitis, or Candida albicans infection. ... Synonym: angular stomatitis, commissural cheilitis, perleche. ... (05 Mar 2000) …

commissural fibres
Nerve fibre's crossing the midline and connecting two corresponding parts or regions of the nervous system. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

commissural myelotomy
Synonym for midline myelotomy ... <procedure> Section of the midline transverse fibres of the spinal cord for the treatment of intractable pain. ... Synonym: commissural myelotomy, commissurotomy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

commissure
<plant biology> A join or seam, in plants, the interfacing of two fused carpels in an ovary. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

commissure of cerebral hemispheres
Synonym for corpus callosum ... <anatomy> A great commissure (connection) between the two cerebral hemispheres (right and left). ... (13 Nov 1997) ...

commissure of fornix
Synonym for commissura fornicis ... The triangular subcallosal plate of commissural fibres resulting from the converging of the right and left fornix bundles which exchange numerous fibres and which curve back in the contralateral fornix to end in the hippocampus of the opposite side. ... Synonym: commissura hippocampi, commissure of fornix, delta fo …

commissure of habenulae
Synonym for commissura habenularum ... The connection between the right and left habenular nuclei; the decussation of fibres of the two striae medullares, forming the dorsal portion of the peduncle of the pineal body. ... Synonym: commissure of habenulae, habenular commissure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

commissure of inferior colliculi
Nerve fibres on the midline between the two inferior colliculi connecting the colliculi and containing some fibres originating from nontectal nuclei. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

commissure of lips
The junction of the lips lateral to the angle of the mouth. ... Synonym: commissura labiorum, junction of lips. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

commissure of superior colliculus
Nerve fibres interconnecting corresponding and noncorresponding portions of the two superior colliculi across the midline; may contain fibres originating outside the tectum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

commissure of vestibular bulb
A narrow median band that connects the two masses of erectile tissue (the bulbus vestibuli) on either side of the vaginal orifice. ... Synonym: pars intermedia commissura bulborum, commissura bulborum, intermediate part of vestibular bulb, pars intermedia bulborum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

commissurotomy
1. <procedure> Surgical division of any commissure, fibrous band, or ring via surgery or a balloon catheter technique. ... Synonym: midline myelotomy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

commisural pits
Similar to lip pits but found at the labial commisures. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

commitment
Legal consignment, by certification, or voluntarily, of an individual to a mental hospital or institution. ... Origin: L. Com-mitto, to deliver, consign ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

commitment of mentally ill
Legal process required for the institutionalization of a patient with severe mental problems. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

commodity chemical
<chemistry> Chemicals such as ethanol that have low monetary value and are thus sold primarily in bulk. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

common antigen
Cross reacting antigen (epitope), a common antigen that occurs in 2 or more different molecules/organisms. ... Synonym: heterogenic enterobacterial antigen. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

common baldness
Synonym for androgenic alopecia ... Hair loss in women that may be associated with aging, hormones (androgens) or genetic predisposition. The pattern of baldness in women is different from that of men. In women there is thinning of the hair all over the scalp, but the frontal hairline is maintained. The hair loss is usually permanent. Treatment has …

common basal vein
<anatomy, vein> The tributary to the inferior pulmonary vein (right and left) that receives blood from the superior and inferior basal veins. ... Synonym: vena basalis communis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

common bile duct
<anatomy> A duct that carries bile from the liver and gallbladder to the duodenum (first part of the small intestine). ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

common bile duct calculi
The presence of gallstones in the common bile duct. It is usually the result of passage of gallstones formed in the gallbladder into the common duct. Less commonly, stones form in a duct behind an obstruction caused by a stricture or ampullary stenosis. Stone type helps to determine site of origin: cholesterol or black pigment stones more likely fo …

common bile duct diseases
Diseases of the common bile duct, vater's ampulla, or oddi's sphincter. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

common bile duct neoplasms
Neoplasms of the common bile duct including vater's ampulla and oddi's sphincter. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

common carotid artery
<anatomy, artery> Origin, right from brachiocephalic, left from arch of aorta; runs upward in the neck and divides opposite upper border of thyroid cartilage (C-4 vertebral level) into terminal branches, external and internal carotid. ... Synonym: arteria carotis communis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

common carotid plexus
An autonomic plexus accompanying the artery of the same name formed by fibres from the middle cervical ganglion. ... Synonym: plexus caroticus communis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

common cold
A viral upper respiratory tract infection. A contagious illness caused by a number of different types of viruses. Because of the great number of viruses that can cause a cold, the body never builds up resistance (immune) against all of them. For this reason, colds are a frequent and recurring problem. In fact, preschool children average 9 colds a y …

common cold virus
Any of the numerous strains of virus aetiologically associated with the common cold, chiefly the rhinoviruses, but also strains of adenovirus, Coxsackievirus, ECHO virus, and parainfluenza virus. ... Synonym: cold virus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

common crus of semicircular ducts
The united, nonampullary ends of the superior and posterior semicircular ducts. ... Synonym: crus membranaceum commune ductus semicircularis, common limb of membranous semicircular ducts. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

common duct
<anatomy> This is the main bile duct, which is formed as the right and left hepatic bile ducts join, this common duct empties bile into the duodenum. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

common facial vein
<anatomy, vein> A short vessel formed by the union of the facial vein and the retromandibular vein, emptying into the jugular vein; considered to be a continuation of the facial vein in the NA. ... Synonym: vena facialis communis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

common fibular nerve
Synonym for common peroneal nerve ... <anatomy, nerve> One of the terminal divisions of the sciatic nerve, diverging from the tibial nerve at the upper end of the popliteal fossa, then coursing with the biceps tendon along the lateral portion of the popliteal space to wind around the neck of the fibula where it divides into the superficial and …

common flexor sheath
The synovial sheath that surrounds the eight tendons of the superficial and deep flexors of the digits of the hand as they pass through the carpal canal; it is commonly continuous with the digital sheath of the little finger. ... Synonym: vagina communis musculorum flexorum, ulnar bursa. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

common hepatic artery
<anatomy, artery> Origin, coeliac; branches, right gastric, gastroduodenal, and proper hepatic. ... Synonym: arteria hepatica communis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

common hepatic duct
The part of the biliary duct system that is formed by the confluence of right and left hepatic ducts. at the porta hepatis it is joined by the cystic duct to become the common bile duct. ... Synonym: ductus hepaticus communis, hepatocystic duct. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

common iliac artery
<anatomy, artery> One of the two terminal branches of the abdominal aorta; opposite the lumbosacral joint, it bifurcates to form the internal iliac and the external iliac. ... Synonym: arteria iliaca communis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

common iliac vein
<anatomy, vein> Formed by the union of the external and internal iliac veins at the brim of the pelvis and passes upward behind the internal iliac artery to the right side of the body of the fifth lumbar vertebra where it unites with its fellow of the opposite side to form the inferior vena cava; the left common iliac vein is submitted to a p …

common intermediate
<biochemistry, chemistry> A molecule that is shared by two chemical reactions as a product of the first and a reactant in the second. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

common interosseous artery
<anatomy, artery> Origin, ulnar; branches, anterior and posterior interosseous. ... Synonym: arteria interossea communis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

common ion effect
<chemistry> The influence on an equilibrium by the presence of a substance which contains ions that participate in the equilibrium. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

common migraine
A form of migraine headache without the visual prodrome, that is not limited on one side of the head but nevertheless is recognizable as migraine because of the stereotyped course; the tendency to nausea, photophobia, and phonophobia; and the relief produced by sleep. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

common opsonin
Synonym for normal opsonin ... That normally present in the blood, i.e., without stimulation by a known, specific antigen such as certain complement components; it is relatively thermolabile and reacts with various organisms. ... Synonym: common opsonin, thermolabile opsonin. ... Specific opsonin, antibodies formed in response to stimulation by a spec …

common palmar digital artery
<anatomy, artery> One of three arteries arising from the superficial palmar arch and running to the interdigital clefts where each divides into two proper palmar digital arteries. ... Synonym: arteria digitalis palmaris communis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

common palmar digital nerves
Four nerves in the palm that send branches (proper palmar digital nerves) to adjacent sides of two digits; three are branches of the median, one is from the ulnar. ... Synonym: nervi digitales palmares communes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

common peroneal nerve
<anatomy, nerve> One of the terminal divisions of the sciatic nerve, diverging from the tibial nerve at the upper end of the popliteal fossa, then coursing with the biceps tendon along the lateral portion of the popliteal space to wind around the neck of the fibula where it divides into the superficial and deep peroneal nerves. The common per …

common peroneal tendon sheath
The sheath that surrounds the tendons of the peroneus longus and brevis muscles in their passage across the ankle. ... Synonym: vagina tendinum musculorum peroneorum communis, vagina tendinum musculorum fibularium communis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

common plantar digital artery
<anatomy, artery> One of four arteries arising from a superficial plantar arch, when present as a variation. They unite with the plantar metatarsal arteries. ... Synonym: arteria digitalis plantaris communis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

common plantar digital nerves
Three nerves derived from the medial plantar and one from the lateral plantar that supply the skin overlying the metatarsals and terminate as proper plantar digital nerves to the side of each toe. ... Synonym: nervi digitales plantares communes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

common salt
Synonym for sodium chloride ... <chemical> Table salt, NaCL. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

common tendinous ring
A fibrous ring that surrounds the optic canal and the medial part of the superior orbital fissure; it gives origin to the four rectus muscles of the eye and is partially fused with the sheath of the optic nerve. ... Synonym: annulus tendineus communis, Zinn's ligament, Zinn's ring, Zinn's tendon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

common variable immunodeficiency
Heterogeneous group of immunodeficiency syndromes characterised by hypogammaglobulinaemia of most isotypes, variable B-cell defects, and the presence of recurrent bacterial infections. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

common vehicle spread
Spread of disease agent from a source that is common to those who acquire the disease, e.g., water, milk, air, syringe contaminated by infectious or noxious agents. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

common wart
Synonym for verruca vulgaris ... A keratotic papilloma of the epidermis which occurs most frequently in young persons as a result of localised infection by human papilloma virus, usually types 2 and 4; the lesions are of variable duration, eventually undergoing spontaneous regression, and are both exophytic and endophytic, with hyperkeratosis, parak …

common-source epidemic
<microbiology> An epidemic resulting from infection of a large number of people from a single contaminated source. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

commotio
Synonym: concussion. ... Origin: L. A moving, commotion, fr. Com-moveo, pp. -motus, to set in motion, agitate ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

commotio cerebri
Synonym for brain concussion ... Transient or prolonged unconsciousness with or without impairment of higher mental functions and/or brainstem functions, due to a violent blow to the head. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

commotio retinae
Concussion of the retina that may produce a milky oedema in the posterior pole that clears up after a few days. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

commotion
A concussion, a violent shaking or the shock which results from it. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

communicable
Capable of being communicated or transmitted; said especially of disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

communicable disease
Any disease that is transmissible by infection or contagion directly or through the agency of a vector. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

communicable disease control
Programs of surveillance designed to prevent the transmission of disease by any means from person to person or from animal to man. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

communicans
Communicating; connecting or joining. ... Origin: L. Pres. P. Of communico, pp. -atus, to share with someone, make common ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

communicating artery
<anatomy, artery> An artery that connects two larger artery's. ... See: anterior communicating artery, posterior communicating artery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

communicating branch
A bundle of nerve fibres passing from one named nerve to join another. The term 'communicating branch' is used in the nervous system to replace the inadequate 'anastomosing branch' used for vascular systems. ... Synonym: ramus communicans. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

communicating haematoma
Synonym for pseudoaneurysm ... 1. A cavity due to ruptured myocardial infarction that has been contained by an intact parietal pericardium and communicates with the left ventricle by a narrow neck, 2. A dilation of an artery with actual disruption of one or more layers of its walls, as at the site of puncture as a complication of precutaneous arteri …

communicating hydrocele
Associated with patent processus vaginalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

communicating hydrocephalus
Type of hydrocephalus in which there is an abnormality in cerebrospinal fluid absorption; there is no obstruction to cerebrospinal fluid flow in the ventricular system or where the cerebrospinal fluid passes into the spinal canal. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

communicating junction
<cell biology> Another name for a gap junction. ... (05 Jan 1998) ...

communicating rami of spinal nerves
The communicating branches of spinal nerves, small bundles of nerve fibres connecting spinal nerves with sympathetic ganglia; the fibres passing from the ganglion to the spinal nerve are nonmyelinated and are called gray rami communicantes, those passing in the reverse direction are myelinated and are called white rami communicantes. ... (05 Mar 200 …

communication
The exchange or transmission of ideas, attitudes, or beliefs between individuals or groups. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

communication aids for disabled
Equipment that provides mentally or physically disabled persons, who cannot speak effectively, with a means of communication. The aids include display boards, typewriters, cathode ray tubes, computers, and speech synthesisers. The output of such aids includes written words, artificial speech, language signs, morse code, and pictures. ... (12 Dec 199 …

communication barriers
Those factors, such as language or sociocultural relationships, which interfere in the meaningful interpretation and transmission of ideas between individuals or groups. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

communication disorders
Disorders characterised by the individual's inability to comprehend or share ideas or feelings because of impairment of language, speech, or hearing. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

communication methods, total
Utilization of all available receptive and expressive modes for the purpose of achieving communication with the hearing impaired, such as gestures, postures, facial expression, types of voice, formal speech and non-speech systems, and simultaneous communication. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

communications media
The means of interchanging or transmitting and receiving information. Historically the media were written: books, journals, newspapers, and other publications; in the modern age the media include, in addition, radio, television, computers, and information networks. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

communism
A totalitarian system of government in which a single authoritarian party controls state-owned means of production with the professed aim of establishing a classless society. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

community
<biology> An association of living organisms having mutual relationships among themselves and to their environment and thus functioning, at least to some degree, as an ecological unit. ... (05 Jan 1998) ...

community dentistry
The practice of dentistry concerned with preventive as well as diagnostic and treatment programs in a circumscribed population. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

community health aides
Persons trained to assist professional health personnel in communicating with residents in the community concerning needs and availability of health services. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

community health centres
Facilities which administer the delivery of health care services to people living in a community or neighborhood. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...