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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

composite dental cement
An organic dental cement modified by the inclusion of inorganic materials treated with a coupling agent to bond them to the polymers. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

composite graft
A graft composed of several structures, such as skin and cartilage or a full-thickness segment of the ear. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

composite joint
Synonym for compound joint ... A joint composed of three or more skeletal elements, or in which two anatomically separate joints function as a unit. For example, the telonavicular and calcaneocuboid joints act together as the compound transverse tarsal joint. ... Synonym: articulatio complexa, articulatio composita, composite joint, compound articula …

composite resin
A synthetic resin usually acrylic based, to which a glass or natural silica filter has been added. Used mainly in dental restorative procedures. ... Origin: L. Compositus, put together, fr. Compono, to put together ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

composite resins
Synthetic resins, usually acrylic based, to which a high percentage (usually about 75% to 80%) of an inert filler has been added. Glass beads or rods, borosilicate glass powder, and natural silica are the most commonly used fillers. Filler particles are coated with a coupling agent that binds the particles to the resin matrix. They are used chiefly …

composite transposon
<molecular biology> A segment of DNA which contains the insertion elements at either end but can contain just about anything in the middle (genes, markers, etc.). ... These types of transposons tend to be very large, and many of them came about when the inner two insertion elements of two smaller transposons stopped working and only the two at …

composition
In chemistry, the kinds and numbers of atoms constituting a molecule. ... Origin: L. Compono, to arrange ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

compost
<botany> A mix of different types of organic matter, all of it decaying, such as fallen leaves, bananna peels and/or manure, a mulch. It is used as a fertiliser or to rejuvenate soil. The word can be a noun or verb. ... (05 Jan 1998) ...

compound
<chemistry> A material made up of two or more elements. ... <botany> Of a leaf, having the blade divided into two or more distinct leaflets, of an inflorescence, made up of an aggregate of smaller inflorescences. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

compound 48-80
<chemical> A potent mast cell degranulator. It is involved in histamine release. ... Chemical name: Phenethylamine, p-methoxy-N-methyl- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

compound aneurysm
An aneurysm in which some of the coats of the artery are ruptured, others intact. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

compound articulation
Synonym for compound joint ... A joint composed of three or more skeletal elements, or in which two anatomically separate joints function as a unit. For example, the telonavicular and calcaneocuboid joints act together as the compound transverse tarsal joint. ... Synonym: articulatio complexa, articulatio composita, composite joint, compound articula …

compound bone fracture
<orthopaedics> A fractured bone that is exposed to potential bacterial contamination through a laceration or puncture wound in the soft tissues overlying the fracture site. ... (05 Jan 1998) ...

compound caries
Caries involving more than one surface of a tooth, two or more carious lesions joined to form one cavity. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

compound character
An inherited character dependent upon two or more distinct genes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

compound cyst
Synonym for multilocular cyst ... A cyst containing several compartments formed by membranous septa. ... Synonym: compound cyst. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

compound dislocation
Synonym: open dislocation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

compound eye
The eye of arthropods, most highly developed in insects and crustaceans; the eye consists of a group of functionally related visual elements (ommatidia) whose corneal surfaces collectively form a segment of a sphere. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

compound flap
A flap of 2 or more elements incorporating underlying muscle, bone, or cartilage. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

compound fracture
Synonym for open fracture ... Fracture in which the skin is perforated and there is an open wound down to the fracture. ... Synonym: compound fracture. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

compound gland
A gland whose larger excretory ducts branch repeatedly into smaller ducts, which ultimately drain secretory units. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

compound granule cell
Synonym for gitter cell ... A lipid-laden microglial phagocyte commonly seen at the edge of healing brain infarcts, a result of cellular phagocytosis of lipid from necrotic or degenerating brain cells. ... Synonym: compound granule cell. ... Origin: Ger. Gitterzelle, fr. Gitter, lattice, wire-net ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

compound heterozygote
In medical genetics, the presence of two different mutant alleles at the same loci. ... Synonym: genetic compound. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

compound hyperopic astigmatism
Astigmatism in which all meridians are hyperopic but to different degrees. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

compound joint
A joint composed of three or more skeletal elements, or in which two anatomically separate joints function as a unit. For example, the telonavicular and calcaneocuboid joints act together as the compound transverse tarsal joint. ... Synonym: articulatio complexa, articulatio composita, composite joint, compound articulation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

compound lens
An optical system of two or more lenses. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

compound lipids
Synonym for heterolipids ... Lipids containing N and P atoms in addition to the usual C, H, and O. ... Compare: homolipids. ... Synonym: compound lipids. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

compound microscope
<instrument> A microscope (an optical instrument that augments the power of the eye to see small objects) which consists of two microscopes in series, the first serving as the ocular lens (close to the eye) and the second serving as the objective lens (close to the object to be viewed). Credit for creating the compound microscope goes usually …

compound myopic astigmatism
Astigmatism in which all meridians are myopic but to different degrees. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

compound name
<zoology> One that is formed by the union of two or more basic components, excluding prefixes and suffixes. For example striatoradiatus, novaeguineae, fritzmuelleri, c-album ... (09 Jan 1998) ...

compound nevus
A nevus in which there are nests of melanocytes in the epidermal-dermal junction and in the dermis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

compound odontoma
<tumour> An odontoma in which the odontogenic tissues are organised and resemble anomalous teeth. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

compound pregnancy
Development of a uterine pregnancy in addition to a previously existing ectopic pregnancy (usually a lithopedion). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

compound protein
Synonym for conjugated protein ... A protein that contains atleast one prosthetic group. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

compound q
<chemical> An extract of a Chinese wild cucumber. It is used in China to induce abortions and treat respiratory viruses. In this country, compound Q has been tried as an anti-HIV treatment. ... (05 Jan 1998) ...

compound restoration
A restoration of more than one surface of a tooth. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

compound skull fracture
Synonym for open skull fracture ... A fracture with laceration of overlying scalp and/or mucous membrane. ... Synonym: compound skull fracture. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

comprehension
Knowledge or understanding of an object, situation, event, or verbal statement. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

comprehensive dental care
Providing for the full range of dental health services for diagnosis, treatment, follow-up, and rehabilitation of patients. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

comprehensive health care
Providing for the full range of personal health services for diagnosis, treatment, follow-up and rehabilitation of patients. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

comprehensive medical care
A concept that includes not only the traditional care of the acutely or chronically ill patient, but also the prevention and early detection of disease and the rehabilitation of the disabled. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

comprehensive wetland determination
<ecology> A type of wetland determination that is based on the strongest possible evidence, requiring the collection of quantitative data for all three wetland identification criteria. ... (05 Jan 1998) ...

compress
Cloth (or another material) applied under pressure to an area of the skin and held in place for a period of time. A compress can be any temperature (cold, luke arm, or hot) and it can be dry or wet. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

compressed
Flattened in one plane, either dorsally (bringing the front and back closer together) or laterally (bringing the sides closer together). ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

compressed sponge
A sponge is impregnated with thin mucilage of acacia, wrapped with twine to the desired shape, and then dried; used to dilate sinuses, the os uteri, etc. By absorbing moisture after insertion. ... Synonym: sponge tent. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

compressed tablet
A tablet prepared, usually as a large-scale production, by means of great pressure; most compressed tablet's consist of the active ingredient and a diluent, binder, disintegrator, and lubricant. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

compressed yeast
The moist living cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae combined with a starchy or absorbent base. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

compressible cavernous bodies
Submucous venous plexuses found at the level of the pharyngoesophageal junction and anal canal, which assist in reducing or obliterating the lumen. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

compression
Increasing physical pressure on a (vital) structure. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

compression anaesthesia
Synonym for pressure anaesthesia ... Loss of sensation produced by pressure applied to a nerve. ... Synonym: compression anaesthesia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

compression fracture
<orthopaedics> A spinal fracture, more specifically, of a vertebral body, that results from the axial compression of the vertebra. ... Compression fractions result in a loss of height of the vertebral body on X-ray. May occur in any region of the spine. Compression fractures occur commonly in post-menopausal females who subject to osteoporosis …

compression molding
The act of pressing or squeezing together to form a shape in a mold, the adaptation of a plastic material to the negative form of a split mold by pressure. ... See: injection molding. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

compression neuropathy
A focal nerve lesion produced when sustained pressure is applied to a localised portion of the nerve, either from an external or internal source; the main source of injury is the pressure differential that exists between one portion of the nerve and another. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

compression of brain
Synonym for cerebral compression ... Pressure upon the intracranial tissues by an effusion of blood or cerebrospinal fluid, an abscess, a neoplasm, a depressed fracture of the skull, or an oedema of the brain. ... Synonym: compression of brain. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

compression of tissue
Synonym for tissue displaceability ... The property of tissue that permits it to be moved from an initial or relaxed position or form. ... Synonym: compression of tissue. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

compression paralysis
Paralysis due to external presure on a nerve. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

compression plating
A technique for internal fixation of fractures in which plates and screws are applied so as to produce compression of the line of fracture. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

compression retinopathy
See: Berlin's oedema. ... See: traumatic retinopathy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

compression syndrome
Synonym for crush syndrome ... Trauma and ischemia of soft tissues, principally skeletal muscle, due to prolonged severe crushing of the tissues, leading to increased permeability of the cell membrane and to the release of potassium, enzymes, and myoglobin from within cells. Ischemic renal dysfunction secondary to hypotension and diminished renal pe …

compression thrombosis
Thrombosis due to arrest of the circulation in a vessel by compression, as from a tumour. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

compression wave
<radiobiology> Waves where the quantity which oscillates is the density of the medium, that is the medium at a given point alternately compresses and expands. ... Low-amplitude compression waves in air or water are commonly known as sound waves, shock waves are a high-amplitude form. ... Synonym: density wave. ... (13 Jan 1998) ...

compressive ear dressing
<otolaryngology> A thick (mound) dressing of soft gauze is applied over the ear and then a circular wrap is applied around the head. This is usually performed to prevent ear swelling that can result in cauliflower ear. ... (05 Jan 1998) ...

compressive myelopathy
Destruction of spinal cord tissue caused by pressure from neoplasms, haematomas, or other masses. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

compressive nystagmus
A jerky nystagmus resulting from unilateral changes of pressure in semicircular canals. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

compressive strength
The maximum compression a material can withstand without failure. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

compressor
1. A muscle, contraction of which causes compression of any structure. ... 2. An instrument for making pressure on a part, especially on an artery to prevent loss of blood. ... Synonym: compressorium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

compressor muscle of lips
Synonym for cutaneomucous muscle ... <anatomy> The 'sucking muscle,' a labial muscle formed by sagittal fibres running from the skin to the mucous membrane. ... Synonym: Aeby's muscle, Bovero's muscle, compressor muscle of lips, Klein's muscle, Krause's muscle, mucocutaneous muscle, musculus cutaneomucosus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

compressor venae dorsalis penis
A variation of the bulbospongiosus muscle in which some fibres pass dorsal to the dorsal vein of the penis; thought at one time to be an important component in the mechanism of erection. ... Synonym: Houston's muscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

compressorium
Synonym for compressor ... 1. A muscle, contraction of which causes compression of any structure. ... 2. An instrument for making pressure on a part, especially on an artery to prevent loss of blood. ... Synonym: compressorium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Compton
Arthur H., U.S. Physicist and Nobel laureate, 1892-1962. ... See: Compton effect. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

compton effect
<radiobiology> An attenuation process observed for x and gamma radiation in which an incident photon interacts with an orbital electron of an atom to produce a recoil electron and a scattered photon of energy less than the incident photon. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

Compton scattering
Synonym for compton effect ... <radiobiology> An attenuation process observed for x and gamma radiation in which an incident photon interacts with an orbital electron of an atom to produce a recoil electron and a scattered photon of energy less than the incident photon. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

compulsion
Uncontrollable thoughts or impulses to perform an act, often repetitively, as an unconscious mechanism to avoid unacceptable ideas and desires which, by themselves, arouse anxiety; the anxiety becomes fully manifest if performance of the compulsive act is prevented; may be associated with obsessive thoughts. ... Origin: L. Com-pello pp. -pulsus, to …

compulsive
Influenced by compulsion; of a compelling and irresistible nature. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

compulsive behaviour
The behaviour of performing an act persistently and repetitively without it leading to reward or pleasure. The act is usually a small, circumscribed behaviour, almost ritualistic, yet not pathologically disturbing. Examples of compulsive behaviour include twirling of hair, checking something constantly, not wanting pennies in change, straightening …

compulsive idea
A fixed and repetitively recurring idea. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

compulsive neurosis
Synonym for obsessive-compulsive neurosis ... A disorder characterised by the persistent and repetitive intrusion of unwanted thoughts, urges, or actions that the individual is unable to prevent; the compulsive thoughts may consist of single words, ideas, or ruminations often perceived by the sufferer as nonsensical; the repetitive urges or actions …

compulsive personality
A personality characterised by rigidity, extreme inhibition, perfectionism, and excessive concern with conformity and adherence to standards of conscience either for the individual or for others. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

compulsive personality disorder
<psychology> A personality disorder which is characterised by the avoidance of feelings, emotion and intimacy within a framework of strict adherence to rules and order. ... (05 Jan 1998) ...

computational biology
A field of biology concerned with the development of techniques for the collection and manipulation of biological data, and the use of such data to make biological discoveries or predictions. This field encompasses all computational methods and theories applicable to molecular biology and areas of computer-based techniques for solving biological pr …

computational chemistry
<chemistry> The use of computers to aid in the analysis of chemicals. ... (05 Jan 1998) ...

computed perimetry
Determination of the visual field by means of a programmed routine of static stimuli. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

computed radiography
Radiography using a solid-state imaging device, such as a photostimulable phosphorplate, and recovering, enhancing, and displaying the image using a digital computer. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

computed tomography
<investigation, procedure, radiology> A special radiographic technique that uses a computer to assimilate multiple X-ray images into a 2 dimentional cross-sectional image. ... This can reveal many soft tissue structures not shown by conventional radiography. Scans may also be dynamic in which a movement of a dye is tracked. Cuts may be 5 or 10 …

computer
A programmable electronic device that can be used to store and manipulate data in order to carry out designated functions; the two fundamental components are hardware, i.e., the actual electronic device, and software, i.e., the instructions or program used to carry out the function. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

computer communication networks
A system containing any combination of computers, computer terminals, printers, audio or visual display devices, or telephones interconnected by telecommunications equipment or cables: used to transmit or receive information. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

computer graphics
The process of pictorial communication, between human and computers, in which the computer input and output have the form of charts, drawings, or other appropriate pictorial representation. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

computer literacy
General learning, knowledge, and fluency with computer terms; also, becoming familiar with how computers operate and how they are programmed. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

computer model
A mathematical representation of the functioning of a system, presented in the form of a computer program. ... Synonym: computer simulation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

computer peripherals
Various units or machines that operate in combination or in conjunction with a computer but are not physically part of it. Peripheral devices typically display computer data, store data from the computer and return the data to the computer on demand, prepare data for human use, or acquire data from a source and convert it to a form usable by a comp …

computer security
Protective measures against unauthorised access to or interference with computer operating systems, telecommunications, or data structures, especially the modification, deletion, destruction, or release of data in computers. It includes methods of forestalling interference by computer viruses or so-called computer hackers aiming to compromise store …

computer simulation
Computer-based representation of physical systems and phenomena such as chemical processes. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

computer storage devices
Devices capable of receiving data, retaining data for an indefinite or finite period of time, and supplying data upon demand. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

computer systems
Systems composed of a computer or computers, peripheral equipment, such as disks, printers, and terminals, and telecommunications capabilities. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

computer terminals
Input/output devices designed to receive data in an environment associated with the job to be performed, and capable of transmitting entries to, and obtaining output from, the system of which it is a part. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

computer user training
Process of teaching a person to interact and communicate with a computer. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

computer-aided design
The use of computers for designing and/or manufacturing of anything, including drugs, surgical procedures, orthotics, and prosthetics. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

computer-assisted instruction
A self-learning technique, usually online, involving interaction of the student with programmed instructional materials. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

computerised axial tomography
Cat scanning adds X-ray images with the aid of a computer to generate cross-sectional views anatomy. It can identify normal and abnormal structures and be used to guide procedures. CAT scanning is painless. Iodine-containing contrast material is sometimes used in CAT scanning. If you are having a CAT scan and are allergic to iodine or contrast mate …

computerised tomography
Synonym for computed tomography ... <investigation, procedure, radiology> A special radiographic technique that uses a computer to assimilate multiple X-ray images into a 2 dimentional cross-sectional image. ... This can reveal many soft tissue structures not shown by conventional radiography. Scans may also be dynamic in which a movement of a …