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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

collar-button abscess
An abscess consisting of two cavities connected by a narrow isthmus, usually formed by rupture of an abscesses through a fascial layer in the hand or foot. ... Synonym: shirt-stud abscess. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

collar-stud chalazion
A chalazion that extends through the tarsal plate anteriorly (c. Externum) and toward the conjunctiva. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

collared flagellate
Synonym for choanomastigote ... A term, in the series used to describe developmental stages of the parasitic flagellates, denoting the 'barleycorn' form of the flagellate in the genus Crithidia characterised by a collarlike extension surrounding the anterior and through which the single flagellum emerges. ... See: amastigote, epimastigote, promastigo …

collarette
The sinuous, scalloped line in the iris that divides the central pupillary zone from the peripheral ciliary zone and marks the embryonic site of the atrophied minor vascular circle of the iris. ... Synonym: iris frill. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

collastin
Synonym for collacin ... Degenerated collagen. ... Synonym: collastin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

collateral
<anatomy> Situated side by side, adjacent and on the same radius of an axis. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

collateral artery
<anatomy, artery> One that runs parallel with a nerve or other structure, one through which a collateral circulation is established. ... See: articular vascular network. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

collateral circulation
Compensatory circulation carried on through secondary channels after obstruction of the principal vessel supplying the part. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

collateral digital artery
Synonym for proper palmar digital artery ... <anatomy, artery> Terminal branches of the common palmar digital artery that pass to the side of each finger. ... Synonym: arteria digitalis palmaris propria, collateral digital artery, digital collateral artery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

collateral eminence
A longitudinal elevation of the floor of the collateral trigone of the lateral ventricle of the brain, between the hippocampus and the calcar avis, caused by the proximity of the floor of the collateral fissure. ... Synonym: eminentia collateralis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

collateral fissure
Synonym for collateral sulcus ... A long, deep sagittal fissure on the undersurface of the temporal lobe, marking the border between the fusiform gyrus laterally and the hippocampal and lingual gyri medially; the great depth of the collateral sulcus results in a bulging of the floor of the occipital and temporal horn of the lateral ventricle, the co …

collateral inheritance
The appearance of characters in collateral members of a family group, as when an uncle and a niece show the same character inherited from a common ancestor; in recessive characters it may appear irregularly, in contrast to dominant characters transmitted directly from one generation to the next. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

collateral ligament
<anatomy> One of a number of ligaments on either side of, and serving as a radius of movement of, a joint having a hingelike movement; they occur at the following joints: elbow, knee, wrist, and the metacarpo-or metatarsophalangeal, proximal interphalangeal, and distal interphalangeal joints of the hands and feet. ... Synonym: ligamentum colla …

collateral ligaments
A number of ligaments on either side of, and serving as a radius of movement of, a joint having a hingelike movement. They occur at the elbow, knee, wrist, metacarpo- and metatarsophalangeal, proximal interphalangeal, and distal interphalangeal joints of the hands and feet. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

collateral sulcus
A long, deep sagittal fissure on the undersurface of the temporal lobe, marking the border between the fusiform gyrus laterally and the hippocampal and lingual gyri medially; the great depth of the collateral sulcus results in a bulging of the floor of the occipital and temporal horn of the lateral ventricle, the collateral eminence. ... Synonym: su …

collateral trigone
A triangular prominence of the floor of the lateral ventricle at the transition between occipital and temporal horn, continuous rostrally with the collateral eminence and, like the latter, caused by the deep penetration of the collateral sulcus from the ventral surface of the temporal lobe. ... Synonym: trigonum collaterale, trigone of lateral ventr …

collateral vessel
A branch of an artery running parallel with the parent trunk, a vessel that runs in parallel with another vessel, nerve, or other long structure. ... Synonym: vas collaterale. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

collectin
<protein> Family of collagenous lectins believed to play an important part in first line defence by binding to viruses and by opsonising yeasts and bacteria. ... Contain a collagen like region and a C type lectin domain. Pulmonary surfactant proteins A and D (SP A, SP D), CL 43, serum mannan binding protein (MBP) and conglutinin are all member …

collecting tubule
Synonym for straight seminiferous tubule ... The continuation of the tubulus seminifer contortus which becomes straight just before entering the mediastinum to form the rete testis. ... Synonym: tubulus renalis rectus, tubulus seminifer rectus, collecting tubule, straight tubule, tubulus rectus, tubulus rectus, vasa recta. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

collectins
A family of molecules that recognise and opsonise microbes during the preimmune response of a host. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

collective bargaining
The process of negotiation between representatives of an employee organization, association or union, and representatives of the employer. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

collective group
<zoology> An aggregate of related species of which the generic position is uncertain. According to the Code, for the sake of taxonomic convenience, may be treated as a genus. ... Such a collective group does not require a type species. Assignment to a collective group is a temporary, convenient, identifying label. ... (09 Jan 1998) ...

collective-group name
1. A name established expressly for a collective group. ... 2. A name established for a nominal genus or subgenus and later used for a collective group. ... (09 Jan 1998) ...

college admission test
Test designed to identify students suitable for admission into a graduate or undergraduate curriculum. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

collenchyma
<plant biology> Plant tissue in which the primary cell walls are thickened, especially at the cell corners. ... Acts as a supporting tissue in growing shoots, leaves and petioles. Often arranged in cortical ribs, as seen prominently in celery and rhubarb petioles. Lignin and secondary walls are absent, the cells are living and able to grow. …

Colles fracture
<orthopaedics> A common fracture of the distal radius at the wrist joint due to a fall on an outstretched hand. ... Colles fracture is also referred to as the silver fork deformity, because the distal fracture fragment is usually angulated upwards (dorsal angulation). The resultant bend in the wrist results in the familiar appearance of a fork …

Colles, Abraham
<person> Irish surgeon, 1773-1843. ... See: Colles' fascia, Colles' fracture, Colles' ligament, Colles' space. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Colles' fascia
Synonym for superficial fascia of perineum ... The membranous layer of the subcutaneous tissue in the urogenital region attaching posteriorly to the border of the urogenital diaphragm, at the sides to the ischiopubic rami, and continuing anteriorly onto the abdominal wall. ... Synonym: fascia perinei superficialis, Colles' fascia, Cruveilhier's fasci …

colles' fracture
Fracture of the lower end of the radius in which the lower fragment is displaced posteriorly. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Colles' ligament
Synonym for reflected inguinal ligament ... <anatomy> A triangular fibrous band extending from the aponeurosis of the external oblique to the pubic tubercle of the opposite side. ... See: aponeurosis of external abdominal oblique muscle. ... Synonym: ligamentum reflexum, Colles' ligament, fascia triangularis abdominis, reflex ligament, triangula …

Colles' space
Synonym for superficial perineal space ... The superficial compartment of the perineum; the space bounded above by the perineal membrane (inferior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm) and below by the superficial perineal (Colles') fascia; it contains the root structure of the penis or clitoris and associated musculature, plus the superficial transve …

Collet-Sicard syndrome
<syndrome> Unilateral lesions of the ninth, tenth, eleventh, and twelfth cranial nerves producing Vernet syndrome and paralysis of the tongue on the same side. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colliculate
Covered with small, rounded or hill-like elevations (colliculae). ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

colliculectomy
<procedure> Excision of the colliculus seminalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colliculitis
Inflammation of the urethra in the region of the colliculus seminalis. ... Synonym: verumontanitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colliculus
A small elevation above the surrounding parts. ... Origin: L. Mound, dim. Of collis, hill ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colliculus facialis
Synonym for facial colliculus ... Prominent portion of the medial eminence, just rostral to the medullary striae in the rhomboidal fossa; it is formed by the internal genu of the facial nerve and the abducens nucleus around which the facial fibres curve. ... Synonym: colliculus facialis, abducens eminence, eminentia abducentis, eminentia facialis, fa …

colliculus inferior
Synonym for inferior colliculus ... The ovoid, paired, inferior eminence of the laminae of mesencephalic tectum; it receives the lateral lemniscus and projects by way of the brachium of inferior colliculus to the medial geniculate body of the thalamus, and is thus an essential way-station in the central auditory pathway. ... Synonym: colliculus infer …

colliculus of arytenoid cartilage
The elevation on the anterolateral surface of the arytenoid cartilage above the triangular fovea. ... Synonym: colliculus cartilaginis arytenoideae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colliculus seminalis
Synonym for seminal colliculus ... An elevated portion of the urethral crest upon which open the two ejaculatory ducts and the prostatic utricle. ... Synonym: colliculus seminalis, caput gallinaginis, colliculus urethralis, seminal hillock, verumontanum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colliculus superior
Synonym for superior colliculus ... The paired, larger, rounded anterior eminence of the laminae of mesencephalic tectum; major afferent connections of the superficial layers are the retina and striate cortex; input to deep layers of the colliculus are polymodal. Its efferent connections are with the lower brainstem and spinal cord (tectobulbar trac …

colliculus urethralis
Synonym for seminal colliculus ... An elevated portion of the urethral crest upon which open the two ejaculatory ducts and the prostatic utricle. ... Synonym: colliculus seminalis, caput gallinaginis, colliculus urethralis, seminal hillock, verumontanum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Collier, James
<person> English physician, 1870-1935. ... See: Collier's tract, Collier's sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

collier's lung
Synonym for anthracosis ... Pneumonoconiosis from accumulation of carbon from inhaled smoke or coal dust in the lungs. ... See: pneumomelanosis. ... Synonym: collier's lung, melanedema, miner's lung. ... Origin: anthraco-+ G. -osis, condition ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Collier's sign
<clinical sign> Unilateral or bilateral lid retraction due to midbrain lesion; occurring at any age. ... See: setting sun sign, Epstein's sign. ... Synonym: Collier's tucked lid sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Collier's tract
Synonym for medial longitudinal fasciculus ... A longitudinal bundle of fibres extending from the upper border of the mesencephalon into the cervical segments of the spinal cord, located close to the midline and ventral to the central gray matter; it is composed largely of fibres from the vestibular nuclei ascending to the motor neurons innervating …

Collier's tucked lid sign
Synonym for Collier's sign ... <clinical sign> Unilateral or bilateral lid retraction due to midbrain lesion; occurring at any age. ... See: setting sun sign, Epstein's sign. ... Synonym: Collier's tucked lid sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colligation
1. A combination in which the components are distinguishable from one another. ... 2. The bringing of isolated events into a unified experience. ... Origin: L. Cum, together, + ligo, to bind ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colligative
1. Depending on numbers of particles. ... 2. Referring to properties of solutions that depend only on the concentration of dissolved substances and not on their nature (e.g., osmotic pressure, elevation of boiling point, vapor pressure lowering, freezing point depression). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colligative properties
<chemistry> Properties (such as freezing-point depression) of solutions that vary according to how much solute is in the solution. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

collimating lens
<physics> A lens used to produce a collimated beam from a light source. With a true point source on the axis the beam would be an axial tube of parallel rays With practical sources having real area the beam will be a diverging cone of parallel rays from each light point, this beam still has special properties and can be collected again by a g …

collimation
<microscopy> The operation of controlling a beam of radiation so that if the light source were a point, the light rays would become parallel. The total bundle of rays diverge as the source size increases. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

collimator
A device of high absorption coefficient material used in collimation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

collinearity
The phenomona that the orderings of the corresponding elements of DNA, the RNA transcribed from it, and the amino acid translated from the RNA are identical. ... Origin: L. Collineo, to direct in a straight line ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Collins, Edward Treacher
<person> English ophthalmologist, 1862-1919. ... See: Treacher Collins' syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colliotomy
<procedure> An obsolete term for adhesiotomy. ... Origin: G. Kolla, glue, + G. Tome, incision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Collip, James
<person> Canadian endocrinologist, 1892-1965. ... See: Noble-Collip procedure, Anderson-Collip test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colliquation
1. Excessive discharge of fluid. ... 2. Liquidification in the process of necrosis. ... Origin: L. Col-, together, + liquo, pp. Liquatus, to cause to melt ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colliquative
Denoting or characteristic of colliquation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colliquative albuminuria
An albuminuria that is at first slight in degree, but unexpectedly becomes greatly increased during convalescence from highly febrile disease, e.g., typhoid fever. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colliquative degeneration
An obsolete term for liquefaction degeneration. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colliquative diarrhoea
Diarrhoea associated with excessive discharge of fluid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colliquative necrosis
An obsolete term for liquefactive necrosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colliquative sweat
Profuse clammy sweat. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Collis-Belsey procedure
A surgical method of treating oesophageal structure by creation of a neoesophagus and a fundoplication antireflux procedure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Collis, John Leighton
<person> British thoracic surgeon, *1911. ... See: Collis gastroplasty. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

collision
<physics> Refers to the close approach of two or more particles, photons, atoms, nuclei, etc, during which such quantities as energy, momentum, and charge may be altered. ... More-or-less synonymous with scattering, except in scattering one generally thinks of one of the particles as being at rest, and the other colliding particles scatter fro …

collision cross-section
<radiobiology> Effective surface area of a particle when it collides with another, describes probability of collisions between the two particles. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

collision frequency
<chemistry> The rate at which chemical species collide, used in theories of chemical kinetics. Also, the frequency with which gaseous molecules collide. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

collision theory
<chemistry> A mathematical description of the number of collisions between molecules in a sample of matter per unit time, useful for predicting rates of reaction. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

collision time
<radiobiology> Typical time which passes between two consecutive collision events for a given particle. Inverse of the collision frequency, equal to the mean free path divided by the particle's velocity. In plasmas, the (Coulomb) collision time decreases with increasing density, and increases with increasing temperature. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

collision tumour
Two originally separate tumour's, especially a carcinoma and a sarcoma, that appear to have developed by chance in close proximity, so that an area of mingling exists. ... See: carcinosarcoma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

collisionless plasma model
<radiobiology> Model of a plasma in which the density is so low, or the temperature so high, that close binary (two-body) collisions have practically no significance (on certain timescales) because the time scales of interest are shorter than the collision time. Yields valid physical results for timescales much shorter than the average collis …

collodion
<chemical> A nitrocellulose solution in ether and alcohol. Collodion has a wide range of uses in industry including applications in the manufacuture of photographic film, in fibres, in lacquers, and in engraving and lithography. In medicine it is used as a drug solvent and a wound sealant. ... Pharmacological action: pharmaceutic aid, tissue a …

collodion baby
A newborn child with lamellar ichthyosis; at birth, the skin is bright red, shiny, translucent, and drawn tight, giving a distorted appearance (as if having been painted with collodion) of immobilization of the face; contraction of the skin causes ectropion, a pressed down appearance of the nose, and a gaping of the mouth and the labia; autosomal d …

collodion vesicans
Synonym for cantharidal collodion ... A powdered chloroform extract of cantharides in flexible collodion; a vesicant. ... Synonym: blistering collodion, collodion vesicans. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

collodium
Synonym: collodion. ... Origin: G. Kolla, glue, + eidos, appearance ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colloid
<chemistry> Microscopic particles suspended in some sort of liquid medium. The particles are between one nanometre and one micrometre in size and can be macromolecules. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

colloid acne
Synonym for colloid milium ... Yellow papules developing in sun-damaged skin of the head and backs of the hands, composed of colloid material in the dermis resembling amyloid but with a different ultrastructure. ... Synonym: colloid acne, colloid pseudomilium, elastosis colloidalis conglomerata. ... Origin: L. Milium, millet ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colloid adenoma
<tumour> A follicular adenoma of the thyroid, composed of large follicles containing colloid. ... Synonym: macrofollicular adenoma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colloid bath
A bath prepared by adding soothing agents such as sodium bicarbonate or oatmeal to the bath water to relieve skin irritation and pruritus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colloid bodies
Synonym for Civatte bodies ... Eosinophilic hyaline spherical body's seen in or just beneath the epidermis, particularly in lichen planus, formed by necrosis of individual basal cells. ... Synonym: colloid bodies. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colloid cancer
Synonym for mucinous carcinoma ... <tumour> A variety of adenocarcinoma in which the neoplastic cells secrete conspicuous quantities of mucin, and, as a result, the neoplasms are likely to be glistening, sticky, and gelatinoid in consistency. ... Synonym: colloid cancer, colloid carcinoma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colloid carcinoma
Synonym for mucinous carcinoma ... <tumour> A variety of adenocarcinoma in which the neoplastic cells secrete conspicuous quantities of mucin, and, as a result, the neoplasms are likely to be glistening, sticky, and gelatinoid in consistency. ... Synonym: colloid cancer, colloid carcinoma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colloid corpuscle
Synonym for corpus amylaceum ... One of a number of small ovoid or rounded, sometimes laminated, bodies resembling a grain of starch and found in nervous tissue, in the prostate, and in pulmonary alveoli; of little pathological significance, and apparently derived from degenerated cells or proteinaceous secretions. ... Synonym: amniotic corpuscle, am …

colloid cyst
A cyst with gelatinous contents. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colloid degeneration
A degeneration similar to mucoid degeneration, in which the material is inspissated. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colloid goiter
A form of goiter in which the contents of the follicles increase greatly, causing pressure atrophy of the epithelium so that the gelatinous matter predominates in the tumour. ... Synonym: struma colloides. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colloid milium
Yellow papules developing in sun-damaged skin of the head and backs of the hands, composed of colloid material in the dermis resembling amyloid but with a different ultrastructure. ... Synonym: colloid acne, colloid pseudomilium, elastosis colloidalis conglomerata. ... Origin: L. Milium, millet ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colloid pseudomilium
Synonym for colloid milium ... Yellow papules developing in sun-damaged skin of the head and backs of the hands, composed of colloid material in the dermis resembling amyloid but with a different ultrastructure. ... Synonym: colloid acne, colloid pseudomilium, elastosis colloidalis conglomerata. ... Origin: L. Milium, millet ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colloid system
A combination of the two phases, internal and external, of a colloid solution; the various system's are: gas + liquid (foam); gas + solid (meerschaum); liquid + gas (fog); solid + gas (smoke); solid + liquid (sol); liquid + solid (gel); liquid + liquid (emulsion); solid + solid (coloured glass). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colloid theory of narcosis
That coagulation or flocculation of protein causes dehydration and reduction of metabolism. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colloidal
<chemistry> Of the nature of a colloid. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

colloidal dispersion
<chemistry> A mixture containing particles larger than those found in a solution but small enough to remain suspended for a very long time. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

colloidal gel
A colloid that has developed resistance to flow because of chemical or thermal change. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colloidal gold reaction
A test (now obsolete) based on precipitation of cerebrospinal fluid protein when mixed with colloidal gold. Abnormalities in this reaction were observed in patients with syphilis, multiple sclerosis, poliomyelitis, and encephalitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colloidal metal
A colloidal solution of a metal obtained by passing electric sparks between terminals of the metal in distilled water. ... Synonym: electrosol. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colloidal radioactive gold
Synonym for radiogold colloid ... A radioactive isotope of gold emitting negative beta particles and gamma radiation, with a half-life of 2.7 days; formerly used for irradiation of closed serous cavities in the palliative treatment of ascites and pleural effusion due to metastatic malignancies, and for liver scans. ... Synonym: 198Au colloid, colloid …

colloidal silicon dioxide
A submicroscopic fumed silica prepared by the vapor-phase hydrolysis of a silicon compound; used as a tablet diluent and as a suspending and thickening agent. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

colloidal silver iodide
An antiseptic used for treatment of inflammation of the mucous membranes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...