Hap Hap noun [ Confer Hap to clothe.] A cloak or plaid. [ O. Eng. & Scot.]

Hap Hap noun [ Icelandic happ unexpected good luck. √39.] That which happens or comes suddenly or unexpectedly; also, the manner of occurrence or taking place; chance; fortune; accident; casual event; fate; luck; lot. Chaucer.

Whether art it was or heedless hap .

Spenser.

Cursed be good haps , and cursed be they that build
Their hopes on haps .

Sir P. Sidney.

Loving goes by haps :
Some Cupid kills with arrows, some with traps.

Shak.

Hap Hap intransitive verb [ Middle English happen . See Hap chance, and confer Happen .] To happen; to befall; to chance. Chaucer.

Sends word of all that haps in Tyre.

Shak.

Haphazard Hap"haz`ard (hăp"hăz`ẽrd or hăp`hăz"-) noun [ Hap + hazard .] Extra hazard; chance; accident; random.

We take our principles at haphazard , upon trust.

Locke.

Haphtarah Haph·ta"rah noun ; plural - taroth . [ Hebrew haphtārāh , prop., valedictory, from pātar to depart.] One of the lessons from the Nebiim (or Prophets) read in the Jewish synagogue on Sabbaths, feast days, fasts, and the ninth of Ab, at the end of the service, after the parashoth, or lessons from the Law. Such a practice is evidenced in Luke iv.17 and Acts xiii.15.

Hapless Hap"less (hăp"lĕs) adjective Without hap or luck; luckless; unfortunate; unlucky; unhappy; as, hapless youth; hapless maid. Dryden.

Haplessly Hap"less·ly adverb In a hapless, unlucky manner.

Haplomi Ha·plo"mi (hȧ*plō"mī) noun plural [ New Latin , from Greek "aplo`os simple + 'w^mos shoulder.] (Zoology) An order of freshwater fishes, including the true pikes, cyprinodonts, and blindfishes.

Haplostemonous Hap`lo·stem"o·nous (hăp`lo*stĕm"o*nŭs) adjective [ Greek "aplo`os simple + sth`mwn a thread.] (Botany) Having but one series of stamens, and that equal in number to the proper number of petals; isostemonous.

Haply Hap"ly (hăp"lȳ) adverb By hap, chance, luck, or accident; perhaps; it may be.

Lest haply ye be found even to fight against God.

Acts v. 39.

Happed Happed (hăpt) p. adjective [ From 1st Hap .] Wrapped; covered; cloaked. [ Scot.]

All happed with flowers in the green wood were.

Hogg.

Happen Hap"pen (hăp"p'n) intransitive verb [ imperfect & past participle Happened (-p'nd); present participle & verbal noun Happening .] [ Middle English happenen , hapnen . See Hap to happen.] 1. To come by chance; to come without previous expectation; to fall out.

There shall no evil happen to the just.

Prov. xii. 21.

2. To take place; to occur.

All these things which had happened .

Luke xxiv. 14.

To happen on , to meet with; to fall or light upon. "I have happened on some other accounts." Graunt. -- To happen in , to make a casual call. [ Colloq.]

Happily Hap"pi·ly (hăp"pĭ*lȳ) adverb [ From Happy .] 1. By chance; peradventure; haply. [ Obsolete] Piers Plowman.

2. By good fortune; fortunately; luckily.

Preferred by conquest, happily o'erthrown.

Waller.

3. In a happy manner or state; in happy circumstances; as, he lived happily with his wife.

4. With address or dexterity; gracefully; felicitously; in a manner to insure success; with success.

Formed by thy converse, happily to steer
From grave to gay, from lively to severe.

Pope.

Syn. -- Fortunately; luckily; successfully; prosperously; contentedly; dexterously; felicitously.

Happiness Hap"pi·ness noun [ From Happy .] 1. Good luck; good fortune; prosperity.

All happiness bechance to thee in Milan!

Shak.

2. An agreeable feeling or condition of the soul arising from good fortune or propitious happening of any kind; the possession of those circumstances or that state of being which is attended with enjoyment; the state of being happy; contentment; joyful satisfaction; felicity; blessedness.

3. Fortuitous elegance; unstudied grace; -- used especially of language.

Some beauties yet no precepts can declare,
For there's a happiness , as well as care.

Pope.

Syn. -- Happiness , Felicity , Blessedness , Bliss . Happiness is generic, and is applied to almost every kind of enjoyment except that of the animal appetites; felicity is a more formal word, and is used more sparingly in the same general sense, but with elevated associations; blessedness is applied to the most refined enjoyment arising from the purest social, benevolent, and religious affections; bliss denotes still more exalted delight, and is applied more appropriately to the joy anticipated in heaven.

O happiness ! our being's end and aim!

Pope.

Others in virtue place felicity ,
But virtue joined with riches and long life;
In corporal pleasures he, and careless ease.

Milton.

His overthrow heaped happiness upon him;
For then, and not till then, he felt himself,
And found the blessedness of being little.

Shak.

Happy Hap"py (hăp"pȳ) adjective [ Compar. Happier (-pĭ*ẽr); superl. Happiest .] [ From Hap chance.] 1. Favored by hap, luck, or fortune; lucky; fortunate; successful; prosperous; satisfying desire; as, a happy expedient; a happy effort; a happy venture; a happy omen.

Chymists have been more happy in finding experiments than the causes of them.

Boyle.

2. Experiencing the effect of favorable fortune; having the feeling arising from the consciousness of well- being or of enjoyment; enjoying good of any kind, as peace, tranquillity, comfort; contented; joyous; as, happy hours, happy thoughts.

Happy is that people, whose God is the Lord.

Ps. cxliv. 15.

The learned is happy Nature to explore,
The fool is happy that he knows no more.

Pope.

3. Dexterous; ready; apt; felicitous.

One gentleman is happy at a reply, another excels in a rejoinder.

Swift.

Happy family , a collection of animals of different and hostile propensities living peaceably together in one cage. Used ironically of conventional alliances of persons who are in fact mutually repugnant. -- Happy-go-lucky , trusting to hap or luck; improvident; easy-going. " Happy- go-lucky carelessness." W. Black.

Hapuku Ha·pu"ku (hȧ*pō"kō) noun (Zoology) A large and valuable food fish ( Polyprion prognathus ) of New Zealand. It sometimes weighs one hundred pounds or more.

Haquebut Haque"but (hăk"bŭt) noun See Hagbut .

Hara-kiri Ha"ra-ki`ri (ha"ra*kē`rĭ) noun [ Jap., stomach cutting.] Suicide, by slashing the abdomen, formerly practiced in Japan, and commanded by the government in the cases of disgraced officials; disembowelment; - - also written, but incorrectly, hari-kari . W. E. Griffis.

Harangue Ha·rangue" (hȧ*răng") noun [ French harangue : confer Spanish arenga , Italian aringa ; lit., a speech before a multitude or on the hustings, Italian aringo arena, hustings, pulpit; all from Old High German hring ring, anything round, ring of people, German ring . See Ring .] A speech addressed to a large public assembly; a popular oration; a loud address to a multitude; in a bad sense, a noisy or pompous speech; declamation; ranting.

Gray-headed men and grave, with warriors mixed,
Assemble, and harangues are heard.

Milton.

Syn. -- Harangue , Speech , Oration . Speech is generic; an oration is an elaborate and rhetorical speech; an harangue is a vehement appeal to the passions, or a noisy, disputatious address. A general makes an harangue to his troops on the eve of a battle; a demagogue harangues the populace on the subject of their wrongs.

Harangue Ha·rangue" intransitive verb [ imperfect & past participle Harangued (hȧ*răngd"); present participle & verbal noun Haranguing .] [ Confer French haranguer , Italian aringare .] To make an harangue; to declaim.

Harangue Ha·rangue" transitive verb To address by an harangue.

Harangueful Ha·rangue"ful (-ful) adjective Full of harangue.

Haranguer Ha·rang"uer (hȧ*răng"ẽr) noun One who harangues, or is fond of haranguing; a declaimer.

With them join'd all th' haranguers of the throng,
That thought to get preferment by the tongue.

Dryden.

Harass Har"ass (hăr" a s) transitive verb [ imperfect & past participle Harassed (- a st); present participle & verbal noun Harassing .] [ French harasser ; confer Old French harace a basket made of cords, harace , harasse ,a very heavy and large shield; or harer to set (a dog) on.] To fatigue; to tire with repeated and exhausting efforts; esp., to weary by importunity, teasing, or fretting; to cause to endure excessive burdens or anxieties; -- sometimes followed by out .

[ Troops] harassed with a long and wearisome march.

Bacon.

Nature oppressed and harass'd out with care.

Addison.

Vext with lawyers and harass'd with debt.

Tennyson.

Syn. -- To weary; jade; tire; perplex; distress; tease; worry; disquiet; chafe; gall; annoy; irritate; plague; vex; molest; trouble; disturb; torment.

Harass Har"ass noun 1. Devastation; waste. [ Obsolete] Milton.

2. Worry; harassment. [ R.] Byron.

Harasser Har"ass·er (-ẽr) noun One who harasses.

Harassment Har"ass·ment (-m e nt) noun The act of harassing, or state of being harassed; worry; annoyance; anxiety.

Little harassments which I am led to suspect do occasionally molest the most fortunate.

Ld. Lytton.

Harberous Har"ber·ous (har"bẽr*ŭs) adjective Harborous. [ Obsolete]

A bishop must be faultless, the husband of one wife, honestly appareled, harberous .

Tyndale (1 Tim. iii. 2).

Harbinger Har"bin·ger (-bĭn*jẽr) noun [ Middle English herbergeour , Old French herbergeor one who provides lodging, from herbergier to provide lodging, French héberger , Old French herberge lodging, inn, French auberge ; of German origin. See Harbor .] 1. One who provides lodgings; especially, the officer of the English royal household who formerly preceded the court when traveling, to provide and prepare lodgings. Fuller.

2. A forerunner; a precursor; a messenger.

I knew by these harbingers who were coming.

Landor.

Harbinger Har"bin·ger transitive verb [ imperfect & past participle Harbingered (-jẽrd); present participle & verbal noun Harbingering .] To usher in; to be a harbinger of. "Thus did the star of religious freedom harbinger the day." Bancroft.

Harbor Har"bor (-bẽr) noun [ Written also harbour .] [ Middle English herbor , herberwe , herberge , Icelandic herbergi (cf. Old High German heriberga ), orig., a shelter for soldiers; herr army + bjarga to save, help, defend; akin to Anglo-Saxon here army, German heer , Old High German heri , Goth. harjis , and Anglo-Saxon beorgan to save, shelter, defend, German bergen . See Harry , 2d Bury , and confer Harbinger .] 1. A station for rest and entertainment; a place of security and comfort; a refuge; a shelter.

[ A grove] fair harbour that them seems.

Spenser.

For harbor at a thousand doors they knocked.

Dryden.

2. Specif.: A lodging place; an inn. [ Obsolete] Chaucer.

3. (Astrol.) The mansion of a heavenly body. [ Obsolete]

4. A portion of a sea, a lake, or other large body of water, either landlocked or artificially protected so as to be a place of safety for vessels in stormy weather; a port or haven.

5. (Glass Works) A mixing box for materials.

Harbor dues (Nautical) , fees paid for the use of a harbor. -- Harbor seal (Zoology) , the common seal. -- Harbor watch , a watch set when a vessel is in port; an anchor watch.

Harbor Har"bor (här"bẽr) transitive verb [ Written also harbour .] [ imperfect & past participle Harbored (-bẽrd); present participle & verbal noun Harboring .] [ Middle English herberen , herberwen , herbergen ; confer Icelandic herbergja . See Harbor , noun ] To afford lodging to; to entertain as a guest; to shelter; to receive; to give a refuge to; to indulge or cherish (a thought or feeling, esp. an ill thought).

Any place that harbors men.

Shak.

The bare suspicion made it treason to harbor the person suspected.

Bp. Burnet.

Let not your gentle breast harbor one thought of outrage.

Rowe.

Harbor Har"bor intransitive verb To lodge, or abide for a time; to take shelter, as in a harbor.

For this night let's harbor here in York.

Shak.

Harbor master Har"bor mas`ter (mȧs`tẽr). An officer charged with the duty of executing the regulations respecting the use of a harbor.

Harborage Har"bor·age (-aj) noun Shelter; entertainment. [ R.]

Where can I get me harborage for the night?

Tennyson.

Harborer Har"bor·er (-ẽr) noun One who, or that which, harbors.

Geneva was . . . a harborer of exiles for religion.

Strype.

Harborless Har"bor·less adjective Without a harbor; shelterless.

Harborough Har"bor·ough (-o), Har"brough (-bro) noun [ See Harbor .] A shelter. [ Obsolete]. Spenser.

Harborous Har"bor·ous (-bẽr*ŭs) adjective Hospitable. [ Obsolete]

Hard Hard (härd) adjective [ Compar. Harder (-ẽr); superl. Hardest .] [ Middle English hard , heard , Anglo-Saxon heard ; akin to Old Saxon & Dutch hard , German hart , Old High German herti , harti , Icelandic harðr , Danish haard , Swedish hård , Goth. hardus , Greek kraty`s strong, ka`rtos , kra`tos , strength, and also to English -ard , as in coward , drunkard , -crat , -cracy in auto crat , demo cracy ; confer Sanskrit kratu strength, kr to do, make. Confer Hardy .] 1. Not easily penetrated, cut, or separated into parts; not yielding to pressure; firm; solid; compact; -- applied to material bodies, and opposed to soft ; as, hard wood; hard flesh; a hard apple.

2. Difficult, mentally or judicially; not easily apprehended, decided, or resolved; as a hard problem.

The hard causes they brought unto Moses.

Ex. xviii. 26.

In which are some things hard to be understood.

2 Peter iii. 16.

3. Difficult to accomplish; full of obstacles; laborious; fatiguing; arduous; as, a hard task; a disease hard to cure.

4. Difficult to resist or control; powerful.

The stag was too hard for the horse.

L'Estrange.

A power which will be always too hard for them.

Addison.

5. Difficult to bear or endure; not easy to put up with or consent to; hence, severe; rigorous; oppressive; distressing; unjust; grasping; as, a hard lot; hard times; hard fare; a hard winter; hard conditions or terms.

I never could drive a hard bargain.

Burke.

6. Difficult to please or influence; stern; unyielding; obdurate; unsympathetic; unfeeling; cruel; as, a hard master; a hard heart; hard words; a hard character.

7. Not easy or agreeable to the taste; harsh; stiff; rigid; ungraceful; repelling; as, a hard style.

Figures harder than even the marble itself.

Dryden.

8. Rough; acid; sour, as liquors; as, hard cider.

9. (Pron.) Abrupt or explosive in utterance; not aspirated, sibilated, or pronounced with a gradual change of the organs from one position to another; -- said of certain consonants, as c in came , and g in go , as distinguished from the same letters in center , general , etc.

10. Wanting softness or smoothness of utterance; harsh; as, a hard tone.

11. (Painting) (a) Rigid in the drawing or distribution of the figures; formal; lacking grace of composition. (b) Having disagreeable and abrupt contrasts in the coloring or light and shade.

Hard cancer , Hard case , etc. See under Cancer , Case , etc. -- Hard clam , or Hard-shelled clam (Zoology) , the quahog. -- Hard coal , anthracite, as distinguished from bituminous or soft coal. -- Hard and fast . (Nautical) See under Fast . -- Hard finish (Architecture) , a smooth finishing coat of hard fine plaster applied to the surface of rough plastering. -- Hard lines , hardship; difficult conditions. -- Hard money , coin or specie, as distinguished from paper money. -- Hard oyster (Zoology) , the northern native oyster. [ Local, U. S.] -- Hard pan , the hard stratum of earth lying beneath the soil; hence, figuratively, the firm, substantial, fundamental part or quality of anything; as, the hard pan of character, of a matter in dispute, etc. See Pan . -- Hard rubber . See under Rubber . -- Hard solder . See under Solder . -- Hard water , water, which contains lime or some mineral substance rendering it unfit for washing. See Hardness , 3. -- Hard wood , wood of a solid or hard texture; as walnut, oak, ash, box, and the like, in distinction from pine, poplar, hemlock, etc. -- In hard condition , in excellent condition for racing; having firm muscles; -- said of race horses.

Syn. -- Solid; arduous; powerful; trying; unyielding; stubborn; stern; flinty; unfeeling; harsh; difficult; severe; obdurate; rigid. See Solid , and Arduous .

Hard Hard adverb [ Middle English harde , Anglo-Saxon hearde .] 1. With pressure; with urgency; hence, diligently; earnestly.

And prayed so hard for mercy from the prince.

Dryden.

My father
Is hard at study; pray now, rest yourself.

Shak.

2. With difficulty; as, the vehicle moves hard .

3. Uneasily; vexatiously; slowly. Shak.

4. So as to raise difficulties. "The question is hard set." Sir T. Browne.

5. With tension or strain of the powers; violently; with force; tempestuously; vehemently; vigorously; energetically; as, to press, to blow, to rain hard ; hence, rapidly; nimbly; as, to run hard .

6. Close or near.

Whose house joined hard to the synagogue.

Acts xviii. 7.

Hard by , near by ; close at hand; not far off. " Hard by a cottage chimney smokes." Milton. -- Hard pushed , Hard run , greatly pressed; as, he was hard pushed or hard run for time, money, etc. [ Colloq.] -- Hard up , closely pressed by want or necessity; without money or resources; as, hard up for amusements. [ Slang]

» Hard in nautical language is often joined to words of command to the helmsman, denoting that the order should be carried out with the utmost energy, or that the helm should be put, in the direction indicated, to the extreme limit, as, Hard aport ! Hard astarboard ! Hard alee ! Hard aweather ! Hard up !
Hard is also often used in composition with a participle; as, hard -baked; hard -earned; hard -featured; hard -working; hard -won.

Hard Hard (härd) transitive verb To harden; to make hard. [ Obsolete] Chaucer.

Hard Hard noun A ford or passage across a river or swamp.

Hard grass Hard" grass` (grȧs`). (Botany) A name given to several different grasses, especially to the Roltböllia incurvata , and to the species of Ægilops , from one of which it is contended that wheat has been derived.

Hard steel Hard steel Steel hardened by the addition of other elements, as manganese, phosphorus, or (usually) carbon.

Hard-favored Hard"-fa`vored (härd"fā`vẽrd) adjective Hard-featured; ill-looking; as, Vulcan was hard-favored . Dryden.

Hard-favoredness Hard"-fa`vored·ness noun Coarseness of features.

Hard-featured Hard"-fea`tured (-fē`turd; 135) adjective Having coarse, unattractive or stern features. Smollett.

Hard-fisted Hard"-fist`ed (-fĭst`ĕd) adjective 1. Having hard or strong hands; as, a hard-fisted laborer.

2. Close-fisted; covetous; niggardly. Bp. Hall.

Hard-fought Hard"-fought` (-fat`) adjective Vigorously contested; as, a hard-fought battle.

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