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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

rolandic
Relating to or described by Luigi Rolando. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Rolandic artery
Synonym for central sulcal artery ... <anatomy, artery> A branch of the terminal part of the middle cerebral artery distributed to the cortex on either side of the central sulcus. ... Synonym: arteria sulci centralis, artery of central sulcus, central artery, Rolandic artery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rolandic epilepsy
A benign, autosomal, dominant form of epilepsy occurring in children, characterised clinically by arrest of speech, by muscular contractions of the side of the face and arm and epileptic discharges electroencephalographically. ... Origin: Luigi Rolando ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Rolando, Luigi
<person> Italian anatomist, 1773-1831. ... See: Rolando's angle, Rolando's area, Rolando's cells, Rolando's column, rolandic epilepsy, Rolando's gelatinous substance, Rolando's tubercle, fissure of Rolando. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Rolando's angle
The angle which the fissure of Rolando (central sulcus) makes with the midplane. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Rolando's area
Synonym for motor cortex ... Area of the frontal lobe concerned with primary motor control. It lies anterior to the central sulcus. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Rolando's cells
The nerve cell's in Rolando's gelatinous substance of the spinal cord. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Rolando's column
A slight ridge on either side of the medulla oblongata related to the descending trigeminal tract and nucleus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Rolando's gelatinous substance
Synonym for gelatinous substance ... The apical part of the posterior horn (dorsal horn; posterior gray column) of the spinal cord's gray matter, composed largely of very small nerve cells; its gelatinous appearance is due to its very low content of myelinated nerve fibres. ... Synonym: substantia gelatinosa, Rolando's gelatinous substance, Rolando's …

Rolando's tubercle
Synonym for tuberculum cinereum ... A longitudinal prominence on the dorsolateral surface of the medulla oblongata along the lateral border of the tuberculum cuneatum; it is the surface profile of the spinal tract of trigeminal nerve, continuous caudally with the dorsolateral fasciculus (Lissauer's tract). ... Synonym: ashen tubercle, gray tubercle, …

role
The expected and characteristic pattern of behaviour exhibited by an individual as a member of a particular social group. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

role conflict
The dilemma an individual experiences when required to play two different parts (e.g., spouse and aggressive business competitor) that cannot be easily harmonised. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

role playing
1. The adopting or performing the role of another significant individual in order to gain insight into the behaviour of that person. ... 2. <psychology> A psychotherapeutic method used in psychodrama to understand and treat emotional conflicts through the enactment or re-enactment of stressful interpersonal events. ... See: psychodrama. ... (05 …

rolitetracycline
<chemical> 4s-(4 alpha, 4a alpha,5a alpha,6 beta,12a alpha))-4-(dimethylamino)-1,4,4a,5,5a,6,11,12a-octahydro-3,6,10,12,12a-pentahydroxy-6-methyl-1,11-dioxo-n-(1-pyrrolidinylmethyl)-2-naphthacenecarboxamide. ... A semisynthetic antibiotic prepared from tetracycline. It is usually administered as an injection. ... Pharmacological action: antibio …

roll
1. The act of rolling, or state of being rolled; as, the roll of a ball; the roll of waves. ... 2. That which rolls; a roller. Specifically: A heavy cylinder used to break clods. ... One of a set of revolving cylinders, or rollers, between which metal is pressed, formed, or smoothed, as in a rolling mill; as, to pass rails through the rolls. ... 3. Th …

roll sulfur
Sublimed sulfur melted and cast in cylindrical molds; sometimes called brimstone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

roll tube
A modification of the plate culture; a seeded medium containing agar is placed in a test tube which is rolled or spun horizontally until the medium solidifies evenly on the interior of the tube. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

roll-tube culture
A culture in a tube of medium which has been melted and allowed to solidify while the tube is being spun; the inside of the tube is thereby coated with a thin layer of solidified medium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

roller
1. One who, or that which, rolls; especially, a cylinder, sometimes grooved, of wood, stone, metal, etc, used in husbandry and the arts. ... 2. A bandage; a fillet; properly, a long and broad bandage used in surgery. ... 3. One of series of long, heavy waves which roll in upon a coast, sometimes in calm weather. ... 4. A long, belt-formed towel, to be …

roller bandage
A strip of material, of variable width, rolled into a compact cylinder to facilitate its application. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Roller, Christian
<person> German neurologist and psychiatrist, 1844-1978. ... See: Roller's nucleus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Roller's nucleus
Lateral nucleus of the accessory nerve, a small bulbar nucleus lying immediately anterior to the hypoglossal nucleus, considered one of the perihypoglossal nuclei. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Rolleston, Sir Humphry
<person> British physician, 1862-1944. ... See: Rolleston's rule. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Rolleston's rule
The ideal adult systolic blood pressure is 100 plus half the age, whereas the maximal physiologic pressure is 100 plus the age; of historical interest. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Rollet, Alexander
<person> Austrian physiologist, 1834-1903. ... See: Rollet's stroma, Ritter-Rollet phenomenon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Rollet's stroma
The colourless stroma of the red blood cells. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rolling
1. Rotating on an axis, or moving along a surface by rotation; turning over and over as if on an axis or a pivot; as, a rolling wheel or ball. ... 2. Moving on wheels or rollers, or as if on wheels or rollers; as, a rolling chair. ... 3. Having gradual, rounded undulations of surface; as, a rolling country; rolling land. Rolling bridge. See the Note …

rolling circle
A mechanism for the replication of circular DNA. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rolling circle mechanism
<molecular biology> A mechanism of DNA replication in many viral DNAs, in bacterial f factors during mating and of certain DNAs in gene amplification in eukaryotes. ... DNA synthesis starts with a cut in the + strand at the replication origin, the 5' end rolls out and replication starts at the 3' side of the cut around the intact circular DNA …

romaic
Of or relating to modern Greece, and especially to its language. ... The modern Greek language, now usually called by the Greeks Hellenic or Neo-Hellenic. ... The Greeks at the time of the capture of Constantinople were proud of being 'Romai^oi, or Romans . . . Hence the term Romaic was the name given to the popular language. . . . The Greek language …

roman
1. Of or pertaining to Rome, or the Roman people; like or characteristic of Rome, the Roman people, or things done by Romans; as, Roman fortitude; a Roman aqueduct; Roman art. ... 2. Of or pertaining to the Roman Catholic religion; professing that religion. ... 3. Upright; erect; said of the letters or kind of type ordinarily used, as distinguished f …

Roman fever
Malignant tertian, falciparum, or aestivoautumnal fever, formerly prevalent in the Roman Campagna and in the city of Rome; caused by Plasmodium falciparum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

roman world
A historical and cultural entity dispersed across a wide geographical area under the political domination and influence of ancient rome, bringing to the conquered people the roman civilization and culture from 753 b.c. To the beginning of the imperial rule under augustus in 27 b.c. The early city built on seven hills grew to conquer sicily, sardini …

Romana, Cecilio
<person> Argentinian physician in Brazil, *1899. ... See: Romana's sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Romana's sign
<clinical sign> Marked oedema of one or both eyelids, usually a unilateral palpebral oedema, thought to be a sensitization response to the bite of a triatomine bug infected with Trypanosoma cruzi, and a strong suggestion of acute Chagas' disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

romance
1. A species of fictitious writing, originally composed in meter in the Romance dialects, and afterward in prose, such as the tales of the court of Arthur, and of Amadis of Gaul; hence, any fictitious and wonderful tale; a sort of novel, especially one which treats of surprising adventures usually befalling a hero or a heroine; a tale of extravagan …

romancy
Synonym for romantic ... 1. Of or pertaining to romance; involving or resembling romance; hence, fanciful; marvelous; extravagant; unreal; as, a romantic tale; a romantic notion; a romantic undertaking. 'Can anything in nature be imagined more profane and impious, more absurd, and undeed romantic, than such a persuasion?' (South) 'Zeal for the good …

romanesque
1. Somewhat resembling the Roman; applied sometimes to the debased style of the later Roman empire, but especially. To the more developed architecture prevailing from the 8th century to the 12th. ... 2. Of or pertaining to romance or fable; fanciful. Romanesque style, that which grew up from the attempts of barbarous people to copy Roman architectur …

romanic
1. Of or pertaining to Rome or its people. ... 2. Of or pertaining to any or all of the various languages which, during the Middle Ages, sprung out of the old Roman, or popular form of Latin, as the Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, French, Provencal, etc. ... 3. Related to the Roman people by descent; said especially of races and nations speaking any of …

Romano-Ward syndrome
<syndrome> A prolonged Q-T interval in the electrocardiogram in children subject to attacks of unconsciousness that result from ventricular arrhythmias including ventricular fibrillation; autosomal dominant inheritance. ... Compare: Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome. ... Synonym: Ward-Romano syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Romano, C
<person> 20th century Italian physician. ... See: Romano-Ward syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Romanovsky type stain
<technique> Composite histological stains including methylene blue, Azure A or B and eosin, sometimes with other stains. ... Examples are Giemsa, Wright's and Leishman's stain. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

Romanowsky, Dimitri
<person> Russian physician, 1861-1921. ... See: Romanowsky's blood stain. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Romanowsky's blood stain
<technique> Prototype of the eosin-methylene blue stain's for blood smears, using aqueous solutions made of a mixture of methylene blue (saturated) and eosin. Romanowsky-type stain's depend for their action on compounds formed by interaction of methylene blue and eosin; most are of no value if water is present in the alcohol because neutral d …

romantic
1. Of or pertaining to romance; involving or resembling romance; hence, fanciful; marvelous; extravagant; unreal; as, a romantic tale; a romantic notion; a romantic undertaking. 'Can anything in nature be imagined more profane and impious, more absurd, and undeed romantic, than such a persuasion?' (South) 'Zeal for the good of one's country a party …

romantical
Synonym for romantic ... 1. Of or pertaining to romance; involving or resembling romance; hence, fanciful; marvelous; extravagant; unreal; as, a romantic tale; a romantic notion; a romantic undertaking. 'Can anything in nature be imagined more profane and impious, more absurd, and undeed romantic, than such a persuasion?' (South) 'Zeal for the good …

romanticism
A fondness for romantic characteristics or peculiarities; specifically, in modern literature, an aiming at romantic effects; applied to the productions of a school of writers who sought to revive certain medival forms and methods in opposition to the so-called classical style. 'He [Lessing] may be said to have begun the revolt from pseudo-classicis …

Romberg test
Synonym for Romberg's sign ... <clinical sign> With feet approximated, the patient stands with eyes open and then closed; if closing the eyes increases the unsteadiness, a loss of proprioceptive control is indicated, and the sign is positive. ... Synonym: Romberg test, Romberg's symptom, rombergism, station test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Romberg-Howship symptom
In cases of incarcerated obturator hernia; lancinating pains along the inner side of the thigh to the knee, or down the leg to the foot; caused by compression of the obturator nerve. ... Synonym: Romberg's symptom. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Romberg, Moritz
<person> German physician, 1795-1873. ... See: Romberg test, Romberg's disease, facial hemiatrophy of Romberg, Romberg's sign, Romberg's symptom, Romberg's syndrome, Romberg's trophoneurosis, Romberg-Howship symptom. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Romberg's disease
Synonym for facial hemiatrophy ... Atrophy of one half of the face which is sometimes progressive, and is of unknown cause. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Romberg's sign
<clinical sign> With feet approximated, the patient stands with eyes open and then closed; if closing the eyes increases the unsteadiness, a loss of proprioceptive control is indicated, and the sign is positive. ... Synonym: Romberg test, Romberg's symptom, rombergism, station test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Romberg's symptom
Synonym for Romberg's sign ... <clinical sign> With feet approximated, the patient stands with eyes open and then closed; if closing the eyes increases the unsteadiness, a loss of proprioceptive control is indicated, and the sign is positive. ... Synonym: Romberg test, Romberg's symptom, rombergism, station test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Romberg's syndrome
Synonym for facial hemiatrophy ... Atrophy of one half of the face which is sometimes progressive, and is of unknown cause. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Romberg's trophoneurosis
Synonym for facial hemiatrophy ... Atrophy of one half of the face which is sometimes progressive, and is of unknown cause. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

rombergism
Synonym for Romberg's sign ... <clinical sign> With feet approximated, the patient stands with eyes open and then closed; if closing the eyes increases the unsteadiness, a loss of proprioceptive control is indicated, and the sign is positive. ... Synonym: Romberg test, Romberg's symptom, rombergism, station test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Romer, Paul
<person> German bacteriologist, 1876-1916. ... See: Romer's test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Romer's test
A test of historical interest: tuberculin, either pure or diluted, is injected intracutaneously into a guinea pig; if the animal is tuberculous, a large papule with a necrotic haemorrhagic centre appears in about 24 hours (cocarde or cockade reaction). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

roncador
<zoology> Any one of several species of California sciaenoid food fishes, especially Roncador Stearnsi, which is an excellent market fish, and the red roncador (Corvina, or Johnius, saturna). ... Origin: Sp, a snorer, fr. Roncar to snore. So called in allusion to the grunting noise made by them on being taken from the water. ... Source: Webster …

ronidase
<enzyme> Russian, no eng abstract, may be EC 3.2.1.30 and EC 3.2.1.31 ... Registry number: EC 3.2.1.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

ronidazole
<chemical> 1-methyl-5-nitroimidazole-2-methanol carbamate ester. Antiprotozoal and antimicrobial agent used mainly in veterinary practice. ... Pharmacological action: antiprotozoal agents. ... Chemical name: 1H-Imidazole-2-methanol, 1-methyl-5-nitro-, carbamate (ester) ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Ronne, Henning
<person> Danish ophthalmologist, 1878-1947. ... See: Ronne's nasal step. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ronne's nasal step
A nasal visual field defect with one margin corresponding to the retinal horizontal medium; seen in glaucoma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rood
1. A representation in sculpture or in painting of the cross with Christ hanging on it. ... Generally, the Trinity is represented, the Father as an elderly man fully clothed, with a nimbus around his head, and holding the cross on which the Son is represented as crucified, the Holy Spirit descending in the form of a dove near the Son's head. Figures …

roof
1. To cover with a roof. 'I have not seen the remains of any Roman buildings that have not been roofed with vaults or arches.' (Addison) ... 2. To inclose in a house; figuratively, to shelter. 'Here had we now our country's honor roofed.' (Shak) ... Origin: Roofed; Roofing. ... 1. The cover of any building, including the roofing (see Roofing) and all …

roof nucleus
Synonym for fastigial nucleus ... The most medial of the cerebellar nuclei, lying medial to the interpositus nucleus, near the midline, in the white matter underneath the vermis of the cerebellar cortex. It receives the axons of Purkinje cells from all parts of the vermis. Its major projection is to the vestibular nuclei and medullary reticular form …

roof of fourth ventricle
Synonym for tegmen ventriculi quarti ... Roof of fourth ventricle, formed in its upper part by the superior medullary velum stretching between the two brachia conjunctiva (superior cerebellar peduncles), in its lower part by the inferior medullary velum composed of the choroid membrane and choroid plexus of the fourth ventricle. ... Synonym: roof of …

roof of mouth
Synonym for palate ... 1. <anatomy> The roof of the mouth. ... The fixed portion, or palate proper, supported by the maxillary and palatine bones, is called the hard palate to distinguish it from the membranous and muscular curtain which separates the cavity of the mouth from the pharynx and is called the soft palate, or velum. ... 2. Relish; ta …

roof of skull
Synonym for calvaria ... <anatomy> The skull cap, roof of the skull ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

roof of tympanic cavity
The superior wall, or roof, of the tympanic cavity, formed by the tegmen tympani of the temporal bone. ... Synonym: paries tegmentalis cavi tympani, tegmental wall of middle ear. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

roof of tympanum
Synonym for tegmen tympani ... The roof of the middle ear, formed by the thinned anterior surface of the petrous portion of the temporal bone. Its anterior edge is inserted into the petrosquamous fissure so that it can be seen as a wedge of bone subdividing that fissure into a squamo tympanic and a petrotympanic fissure. ... Synonym: roof of tympanum …

roof plate
The thin layer of the embryonic neural tube connecting the alar plate's dorsally. ... Synonym: dorsal plate of neural tube. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rook
1. <ornithology> A European bird (Corvus frugilegus) resembling the crow, but smaller. It is black, with purple and violet reflections. The base of the beak and the region around it are covered with a rough, scabrous skin, which in old birds is whitish. It is gregarious in its habits. The name is also applied to related Asiatic species. 'The …

room
1. Unobstructed spase; space which may be occupied by or devoted to any object; compass; extent of place, great or small; as, there is not room for a house; the table takes up too much room. 'Lord, it is done as thou hast commanded, and yet there is room.' (Luke xiv. 22) 'There was no room for them in the inn.' (Luke II. 7) ... 2. A particular porti …

room temperature
The ordinary temperature (65° to slightly less than 80°F, 18.3° to 26.7° C) of the atmosphere in the laboratory; a culture kept at room temperature is one kept in the laboratory, not in an incubator. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rooming-in care
Care of the newborn infant in a crib near the mother's bed, instead of in a nursery, during the hospital stay. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

root
<botany> The water- and mineral-absorbing part of a plant which is usually underground, does not bear leaves, tends to grow downwards and is typically derived from the radicle of the embryo. ... See: adventitious. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

root abscess
Synonym for alveolar abscess ... A pocket of pus adjacent to or within (apical abscess) the tooth's root caused by plaque and calculus invasion. ... Symptoms include tooth pain and tenderness that may be accompanied by facial swelling and a fever. ... Treatment includes antibiotics and a thorough cleansing of the infected site by a dentist. ... See: ap …

root amputation
Surgical removal of one or more roots of a multirooted tooth, the remaining root canal(s) usually being treated endodontically. ... Synonym: radectomy, radiectomy, radisectomy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

root apex
Synonym for tip of tooth root ... The tip of a tooth root, the part farthest from the incisal or occlusal side. ... Synonym: apex radicis dentis, root apex, root tip. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

root avulsion
The tearing away of the anterior and posterior primary nerve roots from the spinal cord, due to severe traction; most often the C5 through T1 roots are affected. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

root canal
<dentistry> A procedure where the nerve of a heavily decayed tooth is removed from the tooth replaced with a filling material ... (08 Jan 1998) ...

root canal file
A pointed, flexible, steel intracanal instrument used in rasping canal walls. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

root canal filling materials
Materials placed inside a root canal for the purpose of obturating or sealing it. The materials may be gutta-percha, silver cones, paste mixtures, or other substances. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

root canal irrigants
<chemical> Chemicals used mainly to disinfect root canals after pulpectomy and before obturation. The major ones are camphorated monochlorophenol, edta, formocresol, hydrogen peroxide, metacresylacetate, and sodium hypochlorite. Root canal irrigants include also rinsing solutions of distilled water, sodium chloride, etc. ... Pharmacological ac …

root canal of tooth
The chamber of the dental pulp lying within the root portion of a tooth. ... Synonym: canalis radicis dentis, marrow canal, pulp canal. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

root canal orifice
An opening in the pulp chamber leading to the root canal. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

root canal plugger
Fine-tapered root canal instrument, blunt at the tip, used for pressing or forcing a gutta percha cone into a root canal. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

root canal preparation
Preparatory activities in root canal therapy by partial or complete extirpation of diseased pulp, cleaning and sterilization of the empty canal, enlarging and shaping the canal to receive the sealing material. The cavity may be prepared by mechanical, sonic, chemical, or other means. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

root canal restoration
A gutta-percha, silver, or plastic cone that has been carried into a root canal, either alone or in conjunction with a cement, paste, or solvent, for the purpose of obturating the canal space. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

root canal therapy
A treatment modality in endodontics concerned with the therapy of diseases of the dental pulp. For preparatory procedures, root canal preparation is available. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

root canal treatment
The means by which painful or diseased teeth, in which the pulp is involved, are restored to a healthy state, removal of a normal, diseased, or dead pulp by biochemical and mechanical means, enlargement and sterilization of the root canal, followed by filling the canal, to effect healing of diseased periapical tissues, the diagnosis and treatment o …

root cap
<botany> A mass of parenchymtous cells which covers and protects the growing cells at the end of a root; a pileorhiza. ... The issue found at the apex of roots, overlying the root apical meristem and protecting it from friction as the root grows through the soil. Secretes a glycoprotein mucilage as a lubricant. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

root caries
Dental caries involving the tooth root, cementum, or cervical area of the tooth. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

root caries index
The ratio of the number of teeth with carious lesions of the root, and/or restorations of the root, to the number of teeth with exposed root surfaces. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

root cutting
<botany> Part of a root of a woody plant which, under suitable conditions, takes root and forms a new plant. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

root dehiscence
A loss of the buccal or lingual bone overlaying the root portion of a tooth, leaving that area covered by soft tissue only. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

root end cyst
Synonym for apical periodontal cyst ... An inflammatory odontogenic cyst derived histogenetically from Malassez' epithelial rests surrounding the root apex of a nonvital tooth. ... Synonym: periapical cyst, radicular cyst, root end cyst. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

root end granuloma
Synonym for periapical granuloma ... Chronic nonsuppurative inflammation of periapical tissue resulting from irritation following pulp disease or endodontic treatment. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

root filaments
Synonym for radicular fila ... The small, individual fibre fascicles into which the roots of all of the spinal nerves and several cranial nerves (hypoglossus, vagus, oculomotorius) divide in fanlike fashion before entering or leaving the spinal cord or brainstem; the spinal dorsal root may divide into 8 to 12 such rootlets. ... Synonym: fila radicula …