Copy of `mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary`

The wordlist doesn't exist anymore, or, the website doesn't exist anymore. On this page you can find a copy of the original information. The information may have been taken offline because it is outdated.

mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

rip
A wicker fish basket. ... Origin: Cf. Icel. Hrip a box or basket; perhaps akin to E. Corb. Cf. Ripier. ... 1. To divide or separate the parts of, by cutting or tearing; to tear or cut open or off; to tear off or out by violence; as, to rip a garment by cutting the stitches; to rip off the skin of a beast; to rip up a floor; commonly used with up, ope …

Rip1 peroxidase
<enzyme> Isolated from rhizobium; do not confuse with rip1 gene product ... Registry number: EC 1.11.1.- ... Synonym: rip1 gene product, peroxidase, rhizobium-induced peroxidase rip1 ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

riparian
Relating to a ripa; marginal. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

riparian area
An area of land directly influenced by water. An ecosystem that is transitional between land and water ecosystems. Riparian areas usually have visible vegetative or physical characteristics reflecting the influence of water. River sides, lake borders, and marshes are typical riparian areas. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

riparian buffer
Riparian areas that are managed to protect the aquatic and riparian ecosystem. A riparian buffer protects water quality and temperature, habitat along the banks, upland habitat for aquatic and riparian species, and some or all of the floodplain. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

riparian wetland
<ecology> Riparian vegetation composed primarily of woody hydrophytes (for example, such as willows, alders, cottonwoods, sycamores, box elders, aspens, etc.). ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

Ripault, Louis
<person> French physician, 1807-1856. ... See: Ripault's sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ripault's sign
<clinical sign> A sign of death, consisting in a permanent change in the shape of the pupil produced by unilateral pressure on the eyeball. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ripe
1. Ready for reaping or gathering; having attained perfection; mature; said of fruits, seeds, etc.; as, ripe grain. 'So mayst thou live, till, like ripe fruit, thou drop Into thy mother's lap.' (Milton) ... 2. Advanced to the state of fitness for use; mellow; as, ripe cheese; ripe wine. ... 3. Having attained its full development; mature; perfected; …

ripe cataract
Synonym for mature cataract ... A cataract in which both the nucleus and cortex are opaque. ... Synonym: complete cataract, ripe cataract. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ripening
Denoting progressive oxidation of dye solutions, as in the ripening of haematoxylin solutions to haematein or of methylene blue to azure dyes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ripple
An implement, with teeth like those of a comb, for removing the seeds and seed vessels from flax, broom corn, etc. ... Origin: FRom Rip. ... 1. To remove the seeds from (the stalks of flax, etc), by means of a ripple. ... 2. Hence, to scratch or tear. ... 1. The fretting or dimpling of the surface, as of running water; little curling waves. ... 2. A lit …

RISA
<abbreviation> Radioiodinated serum albumin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rise
1. To move from a lower position to a higher; to ascend; to mount up. Specifically: To go upward by walking, climbing, flying, or any other voluntary motion; as, a bird rises in the air; a fish rises to the bait. ... To ascend or float in a fluid, as gases or vapors in air, cork in water, and the like. ... To move upward under the influence of a proj …

rise time
The time required for a pulse or echo to rise from 10% to 90% of its peak amplitude. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

risible
1. Having the faculty or power of laughing; disposed to laugh. 'Laughing is our busines, . . . It has been made the definition of man that he is risible.' (Dr. H. More) ... 2. Exciting laughter; worthy to be laughed at; amusing. 'Risible absurdities.' 'I hope you find nothing risible in my complaisance.' (Sir W. Scott) ... 3. Used in, or expressing, …

risk
The probability that an event will occur. It encompasses a variety of measures of the probability of a generally unfavorable outcome. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

risk assessment
The qualitative or quantitative estimation of the likelihood of adverse effects that may result from exposure to specified health hazards or from the absence of beneficial influences. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

risk benefit
An analysis of risk versus benefit is a complex assessment that must be made by a physician prior to the administration of a particular form of drug therapy. Since many medications may have side effects that can be harmful (during the course of treatment), the overall risk of a particular form of drug therapy must be weighed against the overall thr …

risk factor
<statistics> A clearly defined occurrence or characteristic that has been associated with the increased rate of a subsequently occurring disease. ... (14 Oct 1997) ...

risk factors
An aspect of personal behaviour or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

risk management
The process of minimizing risk to an organization by developing systems to identify and analyze potential hazards to prevent accidents, injuries, and other adverse occurrences, and by attempting to handle events and incidents which do occur in such a manner that their effect and cost are minimised. Effective risk management has its greatest benefit …

risk of recurrence
In medical genetics, the chance that a genetic (inherited) disease present in a family will recur in that family. The concept in general medicine means the chance that an illness we come back again. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

risk patient
Patient who is at risk, because of his/her behaviour or because of the type of person he/she is. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

risk reduction
Techniques used to reduce your chances of getting a certain cancer. For example: reducing your dietary fat may help prevent breast cancer. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

risk-taking
Undertaking a task involving a challenge for achievement or a desirable goal in which there is a lack of certainty or a fear of failure. It may also include the exhibiting of certain behaviours whose outcomes may present a risk to the individual or to those associated with him or her. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

risks, obesity-related
Obesity increases the risk of developing a number of diseases including: type 2 (adult-onset) diabetes high blood pressure (hypertension) stroke (cerebrovascular accident or cva) heart attack (myocardial infarction or mi) heart failure (congestive heart failure) cancer (only certain forms such as prostate and colon cancer) gallstones and gall bladd …

Risley, Samuel
<person> U.S. Ophthalmologist, 1845-1920. ... See: Risley's rotary prism. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Risley's rotary prism
A prism with a circular base that is rotated in a metal frame marked with a scale; used in examination of ocular muscle imbalance. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

risorius
<anatomy, muscle> Origin, from platysma and fascia of masseter; insertion, orbicularis oris and skin at corner of mouth; action, draws angle of mouth laterally, lenghthening rima oris; nerve supply, facial. ... Synonym: musculus risorius, Albinus' muscle, Santorini's muscle. ... Origin: L. Risor, a laughter, fr. Rideo, pp. Risus, to laugh ... (0 …

risperidone
This antipsychotic drug is used to treat schizophrenia. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

RIST
<abbreviation> Radioimmunosorbent test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ristocetin
<protein> Mixture of ristocetins A & B: isolated from actinomycete, Nocardia lurida. Induces platelet aggregation. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

risus caninus
The semblance of a grin caused by facial spasm especially in tetanus. ... Synonym: canine spasm, cynic spasm, risus sardonicus, sardonic grin, spasmus caninus, trismus sardonicus. ... Origin: L. Risus, laugh + caninus, doglike ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

risus sardonicus
Synonym: risus caninus. ... Origin: L. Risus, laughter, + sardonicus, fr. G. Sardanios, scornful, infl. By sardonios, Sardinian, ref. To effects of Strychnos nux-vomica, poisonous herb fr. Sardinia ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ritanserin
<chemical> A selective and potent serotonin-2 antagonist that is effective in the treatment of a variety of syndromes related to anxiety and depression. The drug also improves the subjective quality of sleep and decreases portal pressure. ... Pharmacological action: anti-anxiety agents, antidepressive agents, second-generation, antipsychotic a …

Ritgen's manoeuvre
Delivery of a child's head by pressure on the perineum while controlling the speed of delivery by pressure with the other hand on the head. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ritodrine
<chemical> Adrenergic beta-agonist used to control premature labour. ... Pharmacological action: adrenergic beta-agonists, sympathomimetic, tocolytic agents. ... Chemical name: Benzenemethanol, 4-hydroxy-alpha-(1-((2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl)amino)ethyl)-, (R*,S*)- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ritonavir
<drug> A protease inhibitor under development by Abbott Laboratories. It has produced drops in HIV viral load of greater than 99 percent in some people. ... (23 Aug 1998) ...

Rittenhouse-Manogian procedure
Enlarges the aortic annulus by incising the left coronary-noncoronary commissure down unto the anterior leaflet of the mitral valve. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ritter disease
This is the scalded skin syndrome, a potentially serious side effect of infection with the staph (staphylococcus) bacteria that produces a specific protein which loosens the cement holding the various layers of the skin together. This allows blister formation and sloughing of the top layer of skin. If it occurs over large body regions it can be dea …

Ritter-Rollet phenomenon
On equal electrical stimulation of motor nerve trunks, the flexor and abductor muscle groups react more readily than the extensors and adductors. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ritter, Johann
<person> German physicist, 1776-1810. ... See: Ritter's law, Ritter's opening tetanus, Ritter-Rollet phenomenon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ritter's law
A nerve is stimulated at both the opening and the closing of an electrical current. ... See: law of polar excitation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ritter's opening tetanus
The tetanic contraction that occasionally occurs when a strong current, passing through a long stretch of nerve, is suddenly interrupted. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ritual
In psychiatry and psychology, any psychomotor activity (e.g., morbid handwashing) sustained by an individual to relieve anxiety or forestall its development; typically seen in obsessive-compulsive neurosis. ... Origin: L. Ritualis, fr. Ritus, rite ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ritualistic behaviour
Automatic behaviour of psychogenic or cultural origin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Riva-Rocci sphygmomanometer
The original blood pressure apparatus first used to noninvasively measure arterial pressure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rival
1. A person having a common right or privilege with another; a partner. 'If you do meet Horatio and Marcellus, The rivals of my watch, bid them make haste.' (Shak) ... 2. One who is in pursuit of the same object as another; one striving to reach or obtain something which another is attempting to obtain, and which one only can posses; a competitor; a …

rivalry
Competition between two or more individuals for the same object or goal. ... Origin: L. Rivalis, competitor, rival ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rivalry of retina
Simultaneous excitation of corresponding retinal areas of each eye by stimuli that differ in size, colour, shape, or luminance, making fusion impossible. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rive
To rend asunder by force; to split; to cleave; as, to rive timber for rails or shingles. 'I shall ryve him through the sides twain.' (Chaucer) 'The scolding winds have rived the knotty oaks.' (Shak) 'Brutus hath rived my heart.' (Shak) ... Origin: Icel. Rifa, akin to Sw. Rifva to pull asunder, burst, tear, Dan. Rive to rake, pluck, tear. Cf. Reef of …

Rivea corymbosa
Mexican bindweed, a plant of the family Convolvulaceae, the seeds of which were used in ceremonies by Aztec Indians in Mexico and contain lysergic acid amide, isolysergic acid, lysergic acid monoethylamide, chanoclavine, and other indole alkaloids; several hundred seeds must be ingested to produce hallucinatory and euphoric effects. ... Synonym: mor …

river
1. <ecology> A large stream of water flowing in a bed or channel and emptying into the ocean, a sea, a lake, or another stream; a stream larger than a rivulet or brook. 'Transparent and sparkling rivers, from which it is delightful to drink as they flow.' (Macaulay) ... 2. A large stream; copious flow; abundance; as, rivers of blood; rivers of …

river blindness
Synonym for ocular onchocerciasis ... Ocular complications, such as keratitis, iridocyclitis, or retrobulbar neuritis, caused by the microfilariae of Onchocerca volvulus. ... Synonym: river blindness. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

river-type fish
<marine biology> Anadromous fish that rear for a year or more in rivers. ... (23 Aug 1998) ...

Rivero-Carvallo effect
Inspiratory increase in the systolic murmur of tricuspid insufficiency; the characteristic distinguishing tricuspid insufficiency from mitral insufficiency. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Rivero-Carvallo, Jose Manuel
<person> Mexican cardiologist, *1905. ... See: Carvallo's sign, Rivero-Carvallo effect. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Rivers, William
<person> English physician, 1864-1922. ... See: Rivers' cocktail. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Rivers' cocktail
An intravenous slow injection of from 1000 to 2000 ml of 10% dextrose in isotonic saline to which thiamine hydrochloride and 25 units of insulin are added; used in acute alcoholism. ... Synonym: Philadelphia cocktail. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Riviere, Lazare
<person> French physician, 1589-1655. ... See: Riviere's salt. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Riviere's salt
Synonym for potassium citrate ... <chemical> A systemic alkaliser, electrolyte replenisher, diuretic, and expectorant, usually administered orally. It is sometimes used in veterinary medicine as a nonirritating diuretic. ... Pharmacological action: diuretics, expectorants. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Rivinus, August
<person> German anatomist, 1652-1723. ... See: Rivinus' canals, Rivinus' ducts, Rivinus' gland, Rivinus' incisure, Rivinus' membrane, Rivinus' notch. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Rivinus' canals
See: major sublingual duct, minor sublingual ducts. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Rivinus' ducts
Synonym for minor sublingual ducts ... From 8 to 20 small ducts of the sublingual salivary gland that open into the mouth on the surface of the sublingual fold; a few join the submandibular ducts. ... Synonym: ductus sublinguales minores, Rivinus' ducts, Walther's canals, Walther's ducts. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Rivinus' gland
Synonym for sublingual gland ... The smallest of the three major salivary glands. It is located. It lies under the floor of the mouth close to the midline. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Rivinus' incisure
Synonym for tympanic notch ... The notch in the superior part of the tympanic ring bridged by the flaccid part of the tympanic membrane. ... Synonym: incisura tympanica, incisura rivini, Rivinus' incisure, Rivinus' notch, tympanic incisure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Rivinus' membrane
Synonym for flaccid part of tympanic membrane ... Triangular loose part of tympanic membrane between the malleolar folds. ... Synonym: pars flaccida membranae tympani, flaccid membrane, membrana flaccida, Rivinus' membrane, Shrapnell's membrane. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Rivinus' notch
Synonym for tympanic notch ... The notch in the superior part of the tympanic ring bridged by the flaccid part of the tympanic membrane. ... Synonym: incisura tympanica, incisura rivini, Rivinus' incisure, Rivinus' notch, tympanic incisure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rivus lacrimalis
A space between the closed lids and the eyeball through which the tears flow to the punctum lacrimale. ... Synonym: Ferrein's canal. ... Origin: L. Rivus, stream, + Mediev. L. Lacrimalis, fr. L. Lacrima, a tear ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

riziform
Resembling rice grains. ... Origin: Fr. Riz, rice ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

RLK5-associated protein phosphatase
<enzyme> Associated with serine-threonine receptor-like kinase, rlk5; from arabidopsis thaliana; composed of 3 domains, an amino-terminal signal anchor, a kinase interaction domain and a type 2c protein phosphatase catalytic domain; mw 65 kD; genbank u09505 ... Registry number: EC 3.1.3.- ... Synonym: kapp, kinase-associated protein phosphatase …

RLL
<abbreviation> Right lower lobe (of lung). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

RLQ
<abbreviation> Right lower quadrant (of abdomen). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

RMA
<abbreviation> Right mentoanterior position. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

RML
<abbreviation> Right middle lobe (of lung). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

RMP
<abbreviation> Right mentoposterior position. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

RMP pathway
<biochemistry> Ribulose monophosphate pathway, also called allulose phosphate pathway. A metabolic pathway used by methylotropic bacteria for the conversion of formaldehyde to hexose sugars etc. In the first stage ribulose 5 phosphate is condensed with HCHO. ... (23 Aug 1998) ...

RMSF
Rocky Mountain spotted fever. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

RMT
<abbreviation> Right mentotransverse position. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

RMV
<abbreviation> Respiratory minute volume. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Rn
Symbol for radon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

RNA
<molecular biology> A nucleic acid found in all living cells. Plays a role in transferring information from DNA to the protein-forming system of the cell. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

RNA 2'-O-methyltransferase
<enzyme> Methylates 2'-hydroxyl group of ribose moieties of ribosomal RNA; highest activity poly (c) is a synthetic substrate ... Registry number: EC 2.1.1.- ... Synonym: nucleolar 2'-o-methyltransferase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

RNA 3'-terminal phosphate cyclase
<enzyme> ATP dependent; forms 2',3' terminal cyclic phosphate on RNA which is then the substrate for RNA ligase of hela cells ... Registry number: EC 6.5.- ... Synonym: RNA tph cyclase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

RNA cap analogs
Analogs of RNA cap compounds which do not have a positive charge. These compounds inhibit the initiation of translation of both capped and uncapped messenger RNA. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

RNA caps
Compounds with the general structure 7-methyl-5'-guanosine triphosphate-5'-x which modify the 5' end of eukaryotic cellular and viral messenger RNA and some heterogeneous nuclear rnas. These compounds, which are positively charged, protect the above specified rnas at their termini against attack by phosphatases and other nucleases and promote mRNA …

RNA editing
<molecular biology> Specific alterations of RNAs, for example C_V changes that are not coded for in the genes. ... (23 Aug 1998) ...

RNA enzyme
Synonym for ribozyme ... <molecular biology> Often referred to as RNA with catalytic capacity, an enzyme made of nucleic acid not protein that catalyse chemical reactions, often the breakdown of other RNAs. ... Of particular interest because of the implications for self replicating systems in the earliest stages of the evolution of (terrestrial …

RNA helicase
<enzyme> Nuclear envelope-associated RNA helicase activity in nucleocytoplasmic RNA transport; both glh-1 and glh-2 contain cchc-type zinc fingers; xp54 is xenopus homologue of human RNA helicase p54 ... Registry number: EC 2.7.7.- ... Synonym: RNA duplex unwindase, p54 gene product, bat1 gene product, RNA helicase a, rok1 protein, human RNA he …

RNA life
<biology, molecular biology> A hypothetical life form lacking DNA and protein which may have existed on early earth and in which RNA served both a genetic coding and a catalytic function. ... (23 Aug 1998) ...

RNA ligase
<enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the conversion of linear RNA to a circular form by the transfer of the 5'-phosphate to the 3'-hydroxyl terminus. It also catalyses the covalent joining of two polyribonucleotides in phosphodiester linkage. ... Chemical name: Poly(ribonucleotide):poly(ribonucleotide)ligase (AMP-forming) ... Registry number: EC 6 …

RNA N-glycosidase
<enzyme> Catalyses hydrolysis of a single adenosine glycosidic bond; probable cause of toxic effect of vero toxin from E coli by inactivating 60s ribosomal subunit ... Registry number: EC 3.2.2.- ... Synonym: RNA glycosylase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

RNA nucleotidyltransferases
<enzyme> Enzymes that catalyze the template-directed incorporation of ribonucleotides into an RNA chain. ... Registry number: EC 2.7.7. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

RNA phages
Bacteriophages whose genetic material is RNA, which is single-stranded in all except the pseudomonas phage phi6. All RNA phages infect their host bacteria via the host's surface pili. Some frequently encountered RNA phages are: qbeta, ms2, bf23, f2, r17, fr, mu2, phicb5, phicb12r, phicb8r, phicb23r, 7s, phi6, pp7. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

RNA plasmid
<molecular biology> DsRNA found in yeasts, also called killer factors. Their nomenclature is uncertain and some scientists consider them viruses. ... (23 Aug 1998) ...

RNA polymerase
<enzyme, molecular biology> An enzyme that polymerise ribonucleotides in accordance with the information present in DNA. ... Prokaryotes have a single enzyme for the three RNA types that is subject to stringent regulatory mechanisms. Eukaryotes have type I that synthesises all rRNA except the 5S component, type II that synthesises mRNA and hnR …

RNA polymerase I
<enzyme> A DNA-dependent RNA polymerase present in bacterial, plant, and animal cells. The enzyme functions in the nucleolar structure and transcribes DNA into RNA. It has different requirements for cations and salts than RNA polymerase II and III and is not inhibited by alpha-amanitin. ... Registry number: EC 2.7.7.- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

RNA polymerase II
<enzyme> A DNA-dependent RNA polymerase present in bacterial, plant, and animal cells. It functions in the nucleoplasmic structure and transcribes DNA into RNA. It has different requirements for cations and salt than RNA polymerase I and is strongly inhibited by alpha-amanitin. ... Registry number: EC 2.7.7.- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

RNA polymerase III
<enzyme> A DNA-dependent RNA polymerase present in bacterial, plant, and animal cells. It functions in the nucleoplasmic structure where it transcribes DNA into RNA. It has specific requirements for cations and salt and has shown an intermediate sensitivity to alpha-amanitin in comparison to RNA polymerase I and II. ... Registry number: EC 2.7 …