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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

ruminoreticulum
The rumen and reticulum of the ruminant stomach taken together, since they freely communicate via the ruminoreticular orifice. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rummage
1. To make room in, as a ship, for the cargo; to move about, as packages, ballast, so as to permit close stowage; to stow closely; to pack; formerly written roomage, and romage. 'They night bring away a great deal more than they do, if they would take pain in the romaging.' (Hakluyt) ... 2. To search or examine thoroughly by looking into every corne …

Rummel tourniquet
A tourniquet fashioned by passing an umbilical tape around a vessel and bringing both ends through a short red rubber catheter. The tourniquet can be tightened and secured with a perpendicularly placed haemostat at the end of the catheter farthest from the vessel. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Rumpel-Leede phenomenon
Appearance of petechiae in an area following application of vascular constriction, such as by a tourniquet, usually after 10 minutes but can appear after shorter period, such as following application of tourniquet to draw blood specimen or use of blood pressure cuff. Due to capillary fragility or abnormal platelet numbers (e.g. Thrombocytopenia) or …

Rumpel-Leede sign
Synonym for Rumpel-Leede test ... A tourniquet test for capillary fragility, often positive in the presence of severe thrombocytopenia. ... See: capillary fragility test. ... Synonym: bandage sign, Hess' test, Rumpel-Leede sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Rumpel-Leede test
A tourniquet test for capillary fragility, often positive in the presence of severe thrombocytopenia. ... See: capillary fragility test. ... Synonym: bandage sign, Hess' test, Rumpel-Leede sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Rumpel, Theodor
<person> German physician, 1862-1923. ... See: Rumpel-Leede sign, Rumpel-Leede test, Rumpel-Leede phenomenon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

run
<marine biology> A group of fish migrating in a river (most often on a spawning migration) that may comprise one or many stocks. ... (17 Dec 1997) ...

runaround
Colloquialism for paronychia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

runaway behaviour
A behavioural response manifested by leaving home in order to escape from threatening situations. Children or adolescents leaving home without permission is usually implied. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

runaway electrons
<radiobiology> Those electrons in a plasma that gain energy from an applied electrical field at a faster rate than they lose it through collisions with other particles. ... These electrons tend to run away in energy (not position) from the cooler remainder of the background plasma, because the collision cross-section decreases as the particle' …

runaway pacemaker
Rapid heart rates over 140/min caused by electronic circuit instability in an implanted pulse generator. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

runcinate
Deeply lobed and with the lobes slanted away from the apex. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

Rundle, A
<person> British physician. ... See: Richards-Rundle syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Runeberg, Johan
<person> Finnish physician, 1843-1918. ... See: Runeberg's formula. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Runeberg's formula
A formula for estimating the percentage of albumin in a serous fluid, similar to Reuss' formula except that, instead of 2.8, 2.73 is subtracted in the instance of a transudate, and 2.88 in that of an inflammatory exudate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rung
1. A floor timber in a ship. ... 2. One of the rounds of a ladder. ... 3. One of the stakes of a cart; a spar; a heavy staff. ... 4. <machinery> One of the radial handles projecting from the rim of a steering wheel; also, one of the pins or trundles of a lantern wheel. ... Origin: OE. Ronge, AS. Hrung, a staff, rod, pole; akin to G. Runge a short …

runner
<plant biology> A slender, prostrate or trailing stem which produces roots and sometimes erect shoots at its nodes. ... (17 Dec 1997) ...

runner's condition
<orthopaedics> A condition where the knee cap (patella) rubs on the surface of the femur rather than following its normal tracking over the knee joint. This condition is brought about by stress or overuse (for example runners). Running on hills or incline surfaces can exacerbate this problem. ... Symptoms include knee pain, just under the knee …

running
1. Moving or advancing by running. Specifically, of a horse; Having a running gait; not a trotter or pacer. ... Trained and kept for running races; as, a running horse. ... 2. Successive; one following the other without break or intervention; said of periods of time; as, to be away two days running; to sow land two years running. ... 3. Flowing; easy; …

running time
The time during which an activity (e.g., chromatography development) occurs. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

runny nose
Rhinorrhoea is the medical term for this common problem. From the greek words rhinos meaning of the nose and rhoia meaning a flowing. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

runoff
Delayed part of the angiographic examination of a vascular bed, to show small artery patency. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

runt
1. <zoology> Any animal which is unusually small, as compared with others of its kind; applied particulary to domestic animals. ... 2. <zoology> A variety of domestic pigeon, related to the barb and carrier. ... 3. A dwarf; also, a mean, despicable, boorish person; used opprobriously. 'Before I buy a bargain of such runts, I'll buy a coll …

runt disease
A graft versus host reaction in mice first observed following intravenous injection of allogeneic spleen cells into newborn animals. ... Synonym: wasting disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

runting syndrome
<syndrome> if newborn mice are thymectomised, they do not gain weight and their lymphoid tissue atrophies. ... Synonym: wasting syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rupia escharotica
Synonym for dermatitis gangrenosa infantum ... A bullous or pustular eruption, of uncertain origin, followed by necrotic ulcers or extensive gangrene in children under 2 years of age; if untreated, death may result from haematogenous infection, such as liver abscess. ... Synonym: disseminated cutaneous gangrene, ecthyma gangrenosum, pemphigus gangren …

rupial
Relating to rupia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rupial syphilid
Lesions that appear granulomatous and crusted, resembling those of yaws. ... Synonym: frambesiform syphilid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rupicola
<ornithology> A genus of beautiful South American passerine birds, including the cock of the rock. ... The species are remarkable for having an elevated fan-shaped crest of feathers on the head, and for the beautiful colour of their plumage, which is mostly some delicate shade of yellow or orange. ... Origin: NL, fr. L. Rupes, gen. Rupis, a roc …

rupioid
Resembling rupia. ... Origin: G. Rhypos, filth (rupia), + eidos, resemblance ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rupture
1. Forcible tearing or disruption of tissue. ... 2. <surgery> A hernia. ... (17 Dec 1997) ...

rupture, spontaneous
Tear or break of an organ, vessel or other soft part of the body, occurring in the absence of external force. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ruptured aneurysm
An aneurysm that is haemorrhaging into its wall or surrounding tissues. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ruptured appendix
<surgery> Advanced appendicitis (delayed surgery) can result in a ruptured appendix. ... Clinically, the patient will have increased abdominal pain, diffusely over the entire abdomen (rather than just the right-lower quadrant. The fever usually becomes high-grade (over 101 degrees Fahrenheit) and the white blood cell count that typically excee …

ruptured disk
<orthopaedics> A condition that results in the abnormal protrusion (bulging), herniation or prolapse of a vertebral disc from its normal position in the vertebral column. ... The displaced disc may exert force on a nearby nerve root causing the typical neurologic symptoms of radiating pain (to an extremity), numbness, tingling and weakness. Re …

ruptured membrane
<obstetrics> A term used to define the rupture of the amniotic sac, releasing the amniotic fluid and heralding the onset of labour. ... (17 Dec 1997) ...

ruptured spleen
Rupture of the capsule of the spleen, an organ in the upper left part of the abdomen, is a potential catastrophe that requires immediate medical and surgical attention. Splenic rupture permits large amounts of blood to leak into the abdominal cavity which is severely painful.and life-threatening. Shock and, ultimately, death can result. Patients ty …

RUQ
<abbreviation> Right upper quadrant (of abdomen). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rural
1. Of or pertaining to the country, as distinguished from a city or town; living in the country; suitable for, or resembling, the country; rustic; as, rural scenes; a rural prospect. 'Here is a rural fellow; . . . He brings you figs.' (Shak) ... 2. Of or pertaining to agriculture; as, rural economy. Rural dean. ... The state, office, or residence, of …

rural cutaneous leishmaniasis
Synonym for zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis ... A form of cutaneous leishmaniasis characterised by rural distribution of human cases near infected rodents, particularly communal ground squirrels; characterised by acute rapidly developing dermal lesions that become severely inflamed, with moist necrotizing sores or ulcers that heal in two to eight m …

rural health
The status of health in rural populations. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

rural health services
Health services, public or private, in rural areas. The services include the promotion of health and the delivery of health care. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

rural population
The inhabitants of rural areas or of small towns classified as rural. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

rush
1. A moving forward with rapidity and force or eagerness; a violent motion or course; as, a rush of troops; a rush of winds; a rush of water. 'A gentleman of his train spurred up his horse, and, with a violent rush, severed him from the duke.' (Sir H. Wotton) ... 2. Great activity with pressure; as, a rush of business. ... 3. A perfect recitation. …

Rushton bodies
Linear or curved hyaline bodies, presumably of haematogenous origin, found within the epithelial lining of odontogenic cysts. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Rushton, Martin
<person> British pathologist. ... See: Rushton bodies. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Russell bodies
Small, discrete, variably sized, spherical, intracytoplasmic, acidophilic, hyaline body's that stain deeply with fuchsin; they occur frequently in plasma cells in chronic inflammation, where they are believed to consist of gamma-globulin. ... Synonym: fuchsin bodies. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Russell effect
Synonym for photechic effect ... The ability of an agent, other than light, to make a developable latent image in a photographic film emulsion. ... Synonym: Russell effect. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Russell traction
An improvement of Buck's extension that permits the resultant vector of the applied traction force to be changed, for fractures of the femur. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Russell, Albert
<person> U.S. Dentist, *1905. ... See: Russell's Periodontal Index. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Russell, Alexander
<person> 20th century British paediatrician. ... See: Russell's syndrome, Silver-Russell dwarfism, Silver-Russell syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Russell, G
<person> 20th century English physician. ... See: Russell's sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Russell, Hamilton
<person> 20th century Australian surgeon. ... See: Russell traction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Russell, James
<person> British physician, 1863-1939. ... See: hooked bundle of Russell, uncinate bundle of Russell. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Russell, Patrick
<person> Irish physician in India, 1727-1805. ... See: Russell's viper venom, Russell's viper. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Russell, William
<person> Scottish physician, 1852-1940. ... See: Russell bodies. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Russell, William James
<person> English chemist, 1830-1909. ... See: Russell effect. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Russell's Periodontal Index
An index that estimates the degree of periodontal disease present in the mouth by measuring both bone loss around the teeth and gingival inflammation; used frequently in the epidemiological investigation of periodontal disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Russell's sign
<clinical sign> Abrasions and scars on the back of the hands of individuals with bulimia, usually due to manual attempts at self-induced vomiting. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Russell's syndrome
<syndrome> Failure of infants and young children to thrive due to suprasellar lesions, commonly astrocytomas of the anterior third ventricle; although the growth hormone may be elevated, the child is emaciated and has loss of body fat. ... See: pseudohydrocephaly. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

russell's viper
A genus of snakes of the family viperidae. It is distributed in west pakistan, most of india, burma, ceylon, thailand, southeast china, taiwan, and a few islands of indonesia. It hisses loudly when disturbed and strikes with great force and speed. Very prolific, it gives birth to 20-60 young. This viper is the leading cause of snakebite in india an …

Russell's viper venom
A venom used as a coagulant in the arrest of haemorrhage from accessible sites in haemophilia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Russell's viper venom clotting time
A clotting time determination performed on citrated platelet-poor plasma using Russell's viper venom as an activating agent. This allows activation of factor X directly without the need for other coagulation factors and is used to confirm factor X defects. ... See: Stypven time test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Russian autumn encephalitis
Synonym for japanese b encephalitis ... <pathology> An epidemic viral encephalitis that strikes populations in Japan and other East Asian countries, typically in summer months. ... Symptoms canresemble poliomyelitis, but the disease can also be virtually symptomless. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

Russian autumn encephalitis virus
Synonym for Japanese B encephalitis virus ... A virus of the genus Flavivirus (group B arbovirus) occurring particularly in Japan but probably widespread throughout Southeast Asia; the virus is normally present in humans, especially in children, as an inapparent infection, but may cause febrile response and sometimes encephalitis; it may cause encep …

Russian influenza
A pandemic of a strain influenza A virus thought to have originated in Russia; occurred in 1978. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Russian tick-borne encephalitis
Synonym for tick-borne encephalitis ... 1. (Central European subtype) tick-borne meningoencephalitis caused by a flavivirus closely related to the virus causing the Far Eastern type; it is transmitted by Ixodes ricinus, also by infected raw milk, especially that of goats. ... Synonym: biundulant meningoencephalitis, Central European tick-borne fever, …

russophobia
<psychology> Morbid dread of Russia or of Russian influence. ... Origin: Gr. Phobos = fear ... (16 Mar 1998) ...

rust
A type of club fungus that is a parasite on plants. The most common rust is Pucciniagraminis (black stem rust in wheat). ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

Rust, Johann
<person> German surgeon, 1775-1840. ... See: Rust's disease, Rust's phenomenon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Rust's disease
Tuberculosis of the two upper cervical vertebrae and their articulations. ... Synonym: malum vertebrale suboccipitale, spondylarthrocace, spondylocace. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Rust's phenomenon
In cancer or caries of the upper cervical vertebrae, the patient will always support the head by the hands when changing from the recumbent to the sitting posture or the reverse. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rustic
1. Of or pertaining to the country; rural; as, the rustic gods of antiquity. 'And many a holy text around she strews, That teach the rustic moralist to die.' (Gray) 'She had a rustic, woodland air.' (Wordsworth) ... 2. Rude; awkward; rough; unpolished; as, rustic manners. 'A rustic muse.' ... 3. Coarse; plain; simple; as, a rustic entertainment; rust …

rusts
Species of Puccinia and other microbes comprising important pathogens of plants, especially cereal grains; they are important allergens for humans when inhaled in large numbers, as in harvesting processes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rusty
1. Covered or affected with rust; as, a rusty knife or sword; rusty wheat. ... 2. Impaired by inaction, disuse, or neglect. '[Hector] in this dull and long-continued truce, Is rusty grown.' (Shak) ... 3. Discoloured and rancid; reasty; as, rusty bacon. ... 4. Surly; morose; crusty; sullen. 'Rusty words.' ... 5. Rust-coloured; dark. 'Rusty blood.' ... 6. …

rusty sputum
A reddish brown, blood-stained expectoration characteristic of lobar pneumonococcal pneumonia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rut
1. <physiology> Sexual desire or oestrus of deer, cattle, and various other mammals; heat; also, the period during which the oestrus exists. ... 2. Roaring, as of waves breaking upon the shore; rote. See Rote. ... Origin: F. Rut, OF. Ruit, L. Ruditus a roaring, fr. Rugire to roar; -sp called from the noise made by deer in rutting time. ... Sourc …

rutamycin
<chemical> A macrolide antibiotic of the oligomycin group, obtained from streptomyces rutgersensis. It is used in cytochemistry as a tool to inhibit various atpases and to uncouple oxidative phosphorylation from electron transport and also clinically as an antifungal agent. ... Pharmacological action: antibiotics, antifungal, antibiotics, macr …

ruth
1. Sorrow for the misery of another; pity; tenderness. 'They weep for ruth.' 'Have ruth of the poor.' 'To stir up gentle ruth, Both for her noble blood, and for her tender youth.' (Spenser) ... 2. That which causes pity or compassion; misery; distress; a pitiful. 'It had been hard this ruth for to see.' (Chaucer) 'With wretched miseries and woeful r …

ruthenium
<chemistry, element> A rare element of the light platinum group, found associated with platinum ores, and isolated as a hard, brittle steel-gray metal which is very infusible. Specific gravity 12.26. See Platinum metals, under Platinum. ... Atomic weight: 103.5 ... Abbreviation: Ru ... Origin: NL. So named from the Ruthenians, a Little Russian p …

ruthenium compounds
Inorganic compounds that contain ruthenium as an integral part of the molecule. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ruthenium radioisotopes
Unstable isotopes of ruthenium that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. Ru atoms with atomic weights 93-95, 97, 103, and 105-108 are radioactive ruthenium isotopes. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ruthenium red
<chemical> A stain used in electron microscopy for acid mucopolysaccharides on the outer surfaces of cells. ... (17 Dec 1997) ...

rutherford
An obsolete term for a unit of radioactivity, representing that quantity of radioactive material in which a million disintegrations are taking place per second; 37 rutherford equal 1 mCi. ... See: Becquerel. ... Origin: Ernest Rutherford, British physicist and Nobel laureate, 1871-1937 ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rutidosis
Synonym for rhytidosis ... 1. Wrinkling of the face to a degree disproportionate to age. ... 2. Laxity and wrinkling of the cornea, an indication of approaching death. ... Synonym: rutidosis. ... Origin: G. A wrinkling, fr. Rhytis, a wrinkle, + -osis, condition ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rutinose
6-O-alpha-l-Rhamnosyl-d-glucose;a disaccharide of d-glucose and l-rhamnose, and a component of rutin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ruysch, Frederik
<person> Dutch anatomist, 1638-1731. ... See: Ruysch's membrane, Ruysch's muscle, Ruysch's tube, Ruysch's veins. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ruysch's membrane
Synonym for choriocapillary layer ... The internal layer of the choroidea of the eye, composed of a very close capillary network. ... Synonym: lamina choroidocapillaris, choriocapillaris, entochoroidea, lamina choriocapillaris, membrana choriocapillaris, Ruysch's membrane. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ruysch's muscle
<anatomy> The muscular tissue of the fundus of the uterus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ruysch's tube
A minute tubular cavity opening in the lower and anterior portion of each surface of the nasal septum; best seen in the early foetal period when it is associated with the vomeronasal organ (Jacobson's organ). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ruysch's veins
Synonym for Retzius' veins ... Portacaval anastomoses formed from vein's in the walls of retroperitoneal viscera, such as the ascending and descending colon, passing to the tributaries of the inferior vena cava in the posterior body wall instead of those of the portal vein. ... Synonym: Ruysch's veins. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

RV
<abbreviation> Residual volume. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rwanda
A republic in eastern africa, south of uganda and east of democratic republic of the congo. It was originally called ruanda. Its capital is kigali. Formerly part of the belgian trust territory of ruanda-urundi (now rwanda and burundi), it became independent in 1962. The country has taken the name of the people, the rwanda, but its meaning is unknow …

Rx
Symbol for recipe in a prescription. ... See: prescription. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

RXVRG endoprotease
<enzyme> Selectively hydrolyzes the arg-gly peptide bond; isolated from the exudate of xenopus laevis skin ... Registry number: EC 3.4.24.- ... Synonym: arg-xaa-val-arg-gly-endoprotease ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

ryanodine
<drug> A drug that blocks the release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum of skeletal muscle. Ryanodine binding proteins have also been found in the CNS. ... (17 Dec 1997) ...

rye
1. <botany> A grain yielded by a hardy cereal grass (Secale cereale), closely allied to wheat; also, the plant itself. Rye constitutes a large portion of the breadstuff used by man. ... 2. A disease in a hawk. ... <botany> Rye grass, Italian rye grass,, any plant of the genus Elymus, tall grasses with much the appearance of rye. ... Origin …

Rye classification
Classification of Hodgkin's disease according to lymphocyte predominance, nodular sclerosing, mixed cellularity, and lymphocyte depletion types. ... Origin: Rye, NY, 1965 ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

rye smut
Synonym for ergot ... <botany> A disease of cereal plants (rye, wheat, etc.) caused by the fungus Claviceps purpurea, this fungus produces toxic alkaloids that, if ingested, cause symptoms such as hallucinations, severe gastrointestinal upset, a burning sensation in the limbs and extremities (St. Anthony's Fire) and a form of gangrene. ... (09 …