Copy of `mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary`

The wordlist doesn't exist anymore, or, the website doesn't exist anymore. On this page you can find a copy of the original information. The information may have been taken offline because it is outdated.

mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

resistance-transferring episomes
Synonym for resistance plasmids ... Plasmid's carrying genes responsible for antibiotic (or antibacterial drug) resistance among bacteria (notably Enterobacteriaceae); they may be conjugative or nonconjugative plasmid's, the former possessing transfer genes (resistance transfer factor) lacking in the latter. ... Synonym: R factors, R plasmids, resist …

resistance, antibiotic
The ability of bacteria and other microorganisms to withstand an antibiotic to which they were once sensitive (and were once stalled or killed outright). Also called drug resistance. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

resistance, pulmonary
The opposition of the respiratory tree to air flow. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

resistance, vascular
The opposition to the flow of blood across a vascular bed. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

resistant
Making or having powers of resistance, resisting. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

resistant ovary syndrome
Synonym for Savage syndrome ... <syndrome> An obsolete term for amenorrhoea associated with hypergonadotrophism and normal ovarian follicles. ... Synonym: resistant ovary syndrome. ... Origin: after the surname of the first reported patient ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

resistive movement
In massage, a movement made by the patient against the efforts of the operator, or one forced by the operator against the resistance of the patient. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

resistivity
<radiobiology> Tendency for a material/substance to resist the flow of electrical current and to dissipate its energy. Resistivity, when combined with certain geometry factors (generally length and cross-sectional area for wires) determines resistance. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

resistor
An element included in an electrical circuit to provide resistance to the flow of current. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

resoiling
<botany> The process of artificially building or reconstructing a soil profile. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

resolution
Complete return to normal structure and function: used, for example: of an inflammatory lesion or of a disease. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

resolution acuity
The detection of a target having two or more parts, often measured by using the Snellen test types; indicated by two numbers: the first represents the distance at which an individual sees the test types (usually 6 meters or 20 feet), and the second, the distance at which the test types subtend an angle of 5 minutes; e.g., vision of 6/9 indicates a …

resolvase
See: recombinase, site specific recombination. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

resolve
1. To be separated into its component parts or distinct principles; to undergo resolution. ... 2. To melt; to dissolve; to become fluid. 'When the blood stagnates in any part, it first coagulates, then resolves, and turns alkaline.' (Arbuthhnot) ... 3. To be settled in opinion; to be convinced. 'Let men resolve of that as they plaease.' (Locke) ... 4. …

resolvent
1. That which has the power of resolving, or causing solution; a solvent. ... 2. <medicine> That which has power to disperse inflammatory or other tumours; a discutient; anything which aids the absorption of effused products. ... 3. <mathematics> An equation upon whose solution the solution of a given pproblem depends. ... Origin: L. Resol …

resolving power
1. <optics> The resolution of an optical system defines the closest proximity of two objects that can be seen as two distinct regions of the image. This limit depends upon the Numerical Aperture of the optical system, the contrast step between objects and background and the shape of the objects. The often quoted Airy limit applies only to sel …

resonance
1. The act of resounding; the quality or state of being resonant. ... 2. <physics> A prolongation or increase of any sound, eithar by reflection, as in a cavern or apartment the walls of which are not distant enough to return a distinct echo, or by the production of vibrations in other bodies, as a sounding-board, or the bodies of musical inst …

resonance energy transfer
Synonym for fluorescence energy transfer ... <technique> Transfer of energy from one fluorochrome to another. The emission wavelength of the fluorochrome excited by the incident light must approximately match the excitation wavelength of the second fluorochrome. ... If light at the second emission wavelength is detected, it implies that the two …

resonance theory of hearing
That the basilar membrane of the cochlea acts as a resonating structure, recording low tones from its apical turns and high tones from its basal turns. ... Synonym: Helmholtz theory of hearing. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

resonant frequency
The frequency at which individual magnetic nuclei absorb or emit radiofrequency energy in magnetic resonance studies. ... Synonym: resonance. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

resorb
Literally, to absorb again. To lose substance. Some of a tooth may be resorbed. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

resorcin
<chemistry> A colourless crystalline substance of the phenol series, obtained by melting certain resins, as galbanum, asafetida, etc, with caustic potash. It is also produced artificially and used in making certain dyestuffs, as phthalein, fluorescein, and eosin. ... Origin: Resin + orcin. So called because in its higher homologue it resembles …

resorcinol
M-dihydroxybenzene; 1,3-benzenediol;used internally for the relief of nausea, asthma, whooping cough, and diarrhoea, but chiefly as an external antiseptic in psoriasis, eczema, seborrhoea, and ringworm; pyrocatechol and hydroquinone are isomers of resorcinol. ... Synonym: resorcin. ... Resorcinol monoacetate, used externally in the treatment of acne, …

resorcinol phthalic anhydride
Synonym for fluorescein ... <chemical> Fluorophore commonly used in microscopy. ... Fluorescein di acetate can be used as a vital stain or can be conjugated to proteins (particularly antibodies) using isothiocyanate. ... Excitation is at 365nm and the emitted light is green yellow (450-490nm). The emission spectrum is pH sensitive and fluorescei …

resorcinol test
A test for fructosuria; fresh urine treated with resorcinol in acid gives a red precipitate in the presence of fructose; the precipitate should form a red solution in ethanol. ... Synonym: Selivanoff's test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

resorcinolphthalein
Synonym: fluorescein. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

resorcinolphthalein sodium
Synonym for fluorescein sodium ... A dye used for diagnosis of certain ocular diseases, differentiation or delineation of organ parts in surgery, and determination of circulation time. ... Synonym: resorcinolphthalein sodium, uranin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

resorption
<physiology> The loss of substance through physiologic or pathologic means, such as loss of dentin and cementum of a tooth or of the alveolar process of the mandible or maxilla. ... Origin: L. Resorbere = to swallow again ... (10 Mar 1998) ...

resorption atelectasis
The slow partial collapse of a lobe that occurs when communication between alveoli and trachea is obstructed. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

resorption lacunae
Synonym for Howship's lacunae ... Tiny depressions, pits, or irregular grooves in bone that is being resorbed by osteoclasts. ... Synonym: resorption lacunae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

resorufin
<chemical> Pink fluorescent dye, a caged form of resorufin (nonfluorescent unless activated released by irradiation with UV) coupled to G actin and microinjected has been used as a marker for microfilaments in the leading lamella of moving cells. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

resound
1. To sound loudly; as, his voice resounded far. ... 2. To be filled with sound; to ring; as, the woods resound with song. ... 3. To be echoed; to be sent back, as sound. 'Common fame . . . Resounds back to them again.' ... 4. To be mentioned much and loudly. ... 5. To echo or reverberate; to be resonant; as, the earth resounded with his praise. ... Ori …

resource
<chemistry> Total amount of a substance which exists in the earth and could conceivably be extracted someday at some price with some technology. Typically much larger than reserves. ... (10 Mar 1998) ...

resource values
A resource, natural or social, that is found in an area. Resource values may have varying levels of significance. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

respect
1. To take notice of; to regard with special attention; to regard as worthy of special consideration; hence, to care for; to heed. ... 2. To consider worthy of esteem; to regard with honor. ... 3. To have regard to; to have reference to; to relateto; as, the treaty particularly respects our commerce. As respects, as regards; with regard to; as to. To …

respirable aerosols
Aerosol's with an aerodynamic size under 10 um. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

respiration
<physiology> Term used by physiologists to describe the process of breathing and by biochemists to describe the intracellular oxidation of substrates coupled with production of ATP and oxidized coenzymes (NAD and FAD). ... This form of respiration may be anaerobic as in glycolysis or aerobic in the case of oxidations operating via the tricarbo …

respiration disorders
Diseases of the respiratory system in general or unspecified or for a specific respiratory disease not available. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

respiration rate
Frequency of breathing, recorded as the number of breaths per minute. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

respirator brain
A swollen and congested brain with necrotic and autolytic changes seen in patients who have been on a respirator. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

respiratory
<physiology> Pertaining to respiration. ... Origin: L. Spirare = to breathe ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

respiratory acidosis
<biochemistry> A metabolic derangement of acid-base balance where the blood pH is abnormally low. ... Causes include haemorrhagic shock, cardiogenic shock, severe dehydration, sepsis, toxic ingestion (for example isopropyl alcohol, methanol), alcoholic ketoacidosis, lactic acidosis, renal failure and diabetic ketoacidosis. Respiratory acidosis …

respiratory airway
That part of the airway where interchange of gases occurs; it includes respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, sacs, and alveoli. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

respiratory alkalosis
The alkalosis resulting from abnormal loss of CO2 produced by hyperventilation, either active or passive, with concomitant reduction in arterial plasma bicarbonate concentration. ... See: compensated alkalosis. ... Synonym: acapnial alkalosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

respiratory apparatus
Synonym for respiratory system ... The organs that are involved in breathing. These include the nose, throat, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

respiratory arrhythmia
Phasic sinus arrhythmia or any other rhythm fluctuation induced by respiratory fluctuation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

respiratory ataxia
Synonym for Biot's respiration ... Completely irregular breathing pattern, with continually variable rate and depth of breathing; results from lesions in the respiratory centres in the brainstem, extending from the dorsomedial medulla caudally to the obex. ... Synonym: ataxic breathing, Biot's breathing, respiratory ataxia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

respiratory bronchioles
The smallest bronchioles (0.5 mm in diameter) that connect the terminal bronchioles to alveolar ducts; alveoli rise from part of the wall. ... Synonym: bronchioli respiratorii. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

respiratory burst
Synonym for metabolic burst ... <biochemistry> Response of phagocytes to particles (particularly if opsonise d) and to agonists such as formyl peptides and phorbol esters, an enhanced uptake of oxygen leads to the production, by an NADH dependent system, of hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anions and hydroxyl radicals, all of which play a part in …

respiratory capacity
Synonym for vital capacity ... <chest medicine, physiology> The volume of gas that can be expelled from the lungs from a position of full inspiration, with no limit to the duration of expiration, it is equal to the inspiratory capacity plus the expiratory reserve volume. ... (11 Nov 1997) ...

respiratory care unit
The hospital unit in which patients with respiratory conditions requiring special attention receive intensive medical care and surveillance. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

respiratory centre
The region in the medulla oblongata concerned with integrating afferent information to determine the signals to the respiratory muscles; the inspiratory and expiratory centre's considered together. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

respiratory chain
The mitochondrial electron transport chain. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

respiratory circulation
The mechanisms of pulmonary circulation coordinated with the heart and systemic circulation. It involves the flow or interruption of the flow of blood to the lungs as it affects respiration. Pulmonary circulation, a circulatory concept, emphasizes the passage of blood from the right to the left heart through the lungs. Respiratory circulation coord …

respiratory coefficient
Synonym for respiratory quotient ... <physiology> Molar ratio of carbon dioxide production to oxygen consumption. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

respiratory dead space
That portion of the respiratory tract, from the nose and mouth to the terminal bronchioles, in which exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide does not occur (anatomical dead space), together with the space in alveoli occupied by air that does not participate in oxygen-carbon dioxide exchange (physiologic dead space). It reflects the nonuniformity of v …

respiratory distress syndrome
<syndrome> A condition of the newborn marked by dyspnea with cyanosis, heralded by such prodromal signs as dilatation of the alae nasi, expiratory grunt, and retraction of the suprasternal notch or costal margins, mostly frequently occurring in premature infants, children of diabetic mothers, and infants delivered by cesarean section, and som …

respiratory enteric orphan virus
A nonenveloped icosahedral virus whose genome consists of double stranded RNA, belonging to the family Reoviridae, frequently found in both the respiratory and enteric tract. ... Synonym: REO virus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

respiratory enzyme
One of those enzyme's in tissues that is a part of an oxidation-reduction system accomplishing the conversion of substrates to CO2 and H2O and the transfer of the electrons removed to O2. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

respiratory enzyme complexes
<biochemistry> The enzymes that make up the respiratory chain: NADH Q reductase, succinate Q reductase, cytochrome reductase, cytochrome C and cytochrome oxidase. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

respiratory epithelium
The pseudostratified ciliated epithelium that lines the conducting portion of the airway, including part of the nasal cavity and larynx, the trachea, and bronchi. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

respiratory exchange ratio
The ratio of the net output of carbon dioxide to the simultaneous net uptake of oxygen at a given site, both expressed as moles or STPD volumes per unit time; in the steady state, respiratory exchange ratio is equal to the respiratory quotient of metabolic processes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

respiratory failure
A clinical syndrome that is defined either by the inability to rid the body of C02 or establish an adequate blood oxygen level (PAO2). ... See: arterial blood gas. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

respiratory frequency
The number of breaths per minute. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

respiratory function tests
Measurement of the various processes involved in the act of respiration: inspiration, expiration, oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange, lung volume and compliance, etc. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

respiratory hypersensitivity
A form of hypersensitivity affecting the respiratory tract. It includes asthma and hay fever. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

respiratory inhibitor
A compound that inhibits the respiratory chain. ... Synonym: respiratory poison. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

respiratory insufficiency
Failure to adequately provide oxygen to cells of the body and to remove excess carbon dioxide from them. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

respiratory lobule
Synonym for pulmonary acinus ... The part of the airway consisting of a respiratory bronchiole and all of its branches. ... Synonym: primary pulmonary lobule, respiratory lobule. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

respiratory mechanics
The physical or mechanical action of the lungs, diaphragm, ribs, and chest wall during respiration. It includes airflow, lung volume, neural and reflex controls, mechanoreceptors, breathing patterns, etc. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

respiratory metabolism
The exchange of respiratory gases in the lungs, oxidation of foodstuffs in the tissues, and production of carbon dioxide and water. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

respiratory metal
A metal present in certain respiratory pigments; e.g., iron, manganese, copper, vanadium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

respiratory minute volume
The minute volume of breathing; the product of tidal volume times the respiratory frequency. ... See: pulmonary ventilation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

respiratory mucosa
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with goblet cells and a lamina propria containing, in addition to connective tissue, numerous seromucous glands and in some regions many thin-walled veins which line the airways. ... See: region of respiratory mucosa. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

respiratory murmur
Synonym for vesicular respiration ... The respiratory murmur heard on auscultating over the normal lung. ... Synonym: respiratory murmur, vesicular murmur. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

respiratory muscles
These include the muscles of the diaphragm and the intercostal muscles. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

respiratory pause
Cessation of air flow for less than 10 seconds. ... See: sleep apnea. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

respiratory physiology
Functions and activities of the respiratory tract as a whole or of any of its parts. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

respiratory pigments
The oxygen-carrying (coloured) substances in blood and tissues (haemoglobin, myoglobin, haemocyanin, etc.). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

respiratory poison
Synonym for respiratory inhibitor ... A compound that inhibits the respiratory chain. ... Synonym: respiratory poison. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

respiratory protective devices
Respirators to protect individuals from breathing air contaminated with harmful dusts, fogs, fumes, mists, gases, smokes, sprays, or vapors. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

respiratory pulse
Waxing and waning of any pulsation produced by respiration. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

respiratory quotient
<physiology> Molar ratio of carbon dioxide production to oxygen consumption. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

respiratory rate
The number of breaths per minute (or, more formally, the number of movements indicative of inspiration and expiration per unit time). In practice, the respiratory rate is usually determined by counting the number of times the chest rises (or falls) per minute. By whatever means, the aim is to determine if the respirations are normal, abnormally fas …

respiratory scleroma
Rhinoscleroma in which the lesion involves the mucous membrane of the greater part or all of the upper respiratory tract. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

respiratory sound
A murmur, bruit, fremitus, rhonchus, or rale heard on auscultation over the lungs or any part of the respiratory tract. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

respiratory sounds
Any sound emanating from any portion of the respiratory tract, especially those heard on auscultation; includes breath sounds. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

respiratory syncytial virus
<virology> This RNA virus is a member of the Paramyxoviridae family and is a major pathogen in the upper and lower respiratory tract in both infants and younger children. ... Respiratory syncytial virus manifestations include bronchiolitis, pneumonia and croup. ... Acronym: RSV ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

respiratory syncytial virus, bovine
A species of pneumovirus causing an important respiratory infection in cattle. Symptoms include fever, conjunctivitis, and respiratory distress. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

respiratory syncytial virus, human
The type species of pneumovirus and an important cause of lower respiratory disease in infants and young children. It frequently presents with bronchitis and bronchopneumonia and is further characterised by fever, cough, dyspnea, wheezing, and pallor. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

respiratory syncytial viruses
A group of viruses in the pneumovirus genus causing respiratory infections in various mammals. Humans and cattle are most affected but infections in goats and sheep have also been reported. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

respiratory system
The organs that are involved in breathing. These include the nose, throat, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

respiratory system abnormalities
Congenital structural abnormalities of the respiratory system. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

respiratory system agents
Drugs used for their effects on the respiratory system. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

respiratory therapy
Exercises and treatments that help patients recover lung function, such as after surgery. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

respiratory tract
The air passages from the nose to the pulmonary alveoli, through the pharynx, larynx, trachea, and bronchi. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

respiratory tract fistula
An abnormal passage communicating between any parts of the respiratory tract or between any part of the respiratory system and other organs. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

respiratory transport
The processes of gas exchange and various metabolic functions taking place in the lung, generally at the alveolar level. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

respire
1. <physiology> To breathe in and out; to inspire and expire, as air; to breathe successively, for the purpose of maintaining the vitality of the blood. ... 'A native of the land where I respire The clear air for a while.' (Byron) ... 2. To breathe out; to exhale. ... Origin: L. Respirare, respiratum; pref. Re- re- + spirare to breathe: cf. F. R …

respirometer
1. An instrument for measuring the extent of the respiratory movements. ... 2. An instrument for measuring oxygen consumption or carbon dioxide production, usually of an isolated tissue. ... Origin: L. Respiro, to breathe, + G. Metron, measure ... (05 Mar 2000) ...