Copy of `mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary`

The wordlist doesn't exist anymore, or, the website doesn't exist anymore. On this page you can find a copy of the original information. The information may have been taken offline because it is outdated.


 mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197


relative sensitivity
The sensitivity of a medical screening test as determined by comparison with the same type of test; e.g., sensitivity of a new serological test relative to sensitivity of an established serological test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

relative specificity
The specificity of a medical screening test as determined by comparison with the same type of test (e.g., specificity of a new serological test relative to specificity of an established serological test). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

relative value scales
Coded listings of physician or other professional services using units that indicate the relative value of the various services they perform. They take into account time, skill, and overhead cost required for each service, but generally do not consider the relative cost-effectiveness. Appropriate conversion factors can be used to translate the abst …

relative viscosity
The ratio of the viscosity of a solution or dispersion to the viscosity of the solvent or continuous phase. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

relax
1. To make lax or loose; to make less close, firm, rigid, tense, or the like; to slacken; to loosen; to open; as, to relax a rope or cord; to relax the muscles or sinews. 'Horror . . . All his joints relaxed.' (Milton) 'Nor served it to relax their serried files.' (Milton) ... 2. To make less severe or rogorous; to abate the stringency of; to remit …

relaxant
1. Lessening or reducing tension. ... 2. <pharmacology> An agent that lessens tension. ... Origin: L. Relaxare = to loosen ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

relaxant reversal
Use of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors to terminate the action of nondepolarising neuromuscular relaxants. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

relaxation
A state of relative freedom from both anxiety and skeletal muscle tension. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

relaxation factor
Substance presumably involved in the return of muscle fibrils to the resting state after nervous stimulation ceases, postulated to act by withdrawing Calcium from myosin-ATPase sites. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

relaxation response
An integrated hypothalamic reaction resulting in decreased sympathetic nervous system activity which, physiologically and psychologically, is almost a mirror image of the body's response's to Cannon's emergency theory (flight or fight response); can be self-induced through the use of techniques associated with transcendental meditation, yoga, and b …

relaxation suture
A suture so arranged that it may be loosened if the tension of the wound becomes excessive. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

relaxation techniques
The use of muscular relaxation techniques in treatment. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

relaxation time
Time taken for a system to return to the resting or ground state or a new equilibrium state following perturbation. Often used in context of receptor systems that have a refractory period after responding and then relax to a competent state. Can be used more precisely to mean the time for a system to change from its original equilibrium value to 1/ …

relaxed control
The ability of certain plasmids to continue to replicate after their bacteria stop dividing, theresult is a single bacteria that containshundreds of plasmids. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

relaxed DNA
<molecular biology> DNA that isn't supercoiled. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

relaxed mutant
A mutant bacterium that continues to synthesise RNA in a medium that lackscertain nutrients or amino acids which that sort of bacterium normallyneeds present before it can make RNA. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

relaxed plasmid
A plasmid that replicatesindependently of the main bacterial chromosome and is present in 10-500 copies per cell. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

relaxin
<protein> Polypeptide hormone produced by corpus luteum and found in the blood of pregnant animals. Acts, as its name suggests, to cause muscle relaxation during parturition. Human relaxin has an A chain of 24 amino acids and a B chain of 29. Has structural similarity to insulin. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

relaxing enzyme
<biochemistry> Any of several enzymes, such ashelicase, that unwind DNA prior to its replication. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

relaxosome
<cell biology> Complex multi subunit structure forming at the plasmid origin of replication which nicks supercoiled DNA. ... Origin: Gr. Soma = body ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

relay
1. A supply of anything arranged beforehand for affording relief from time to time, or at successive stages; provision for successive relief. Specifically: A supply of horses placced at stations to be in readiness to relieve others, so that a trveler may proceed without delay. A supply of hunting dogs or horses kept in readiness at certain places t …

relearning
The process of regaining a skill or ability that has been partially or entirely lost; savings involved in relearning, as compared with original learning, give an index of the degree of retention. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Release
<chemical> Abscission agent for loosening citrus fruit before harvesting ... Synonym: 5-chloro-3-methyl-4-nitro-1h-pyrazole ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

release factor
A component of the specialised transport system involved in the transport of cobalamin (vitamin B12) across the wall of the intestine. Dissociates the complex between cobalamin and the extracellular cobalamin binding glycoprotein known as intrinsic factor. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

release phenomenon
The increased tonus and hyperirritability of muscle-stretch reflexes which occur following damage of the upper portions of the extrapyramidal system. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

released substance
Synonym for h substance ... <haematology> A polysaccharide precursor molecule which is used to make the antigens on the surface of human blood cells that are classified in the ABO blood group system. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

releasin
Synonym for relaxin ... <protein> Polypeptide hormone produced by corpus luteum and found in the blood of pregnant animals. Acts, as its name suggests, to cause muscle relaxation during parturition. Human relaxin has an A chain of 24 amino acids and a B chain of 29. Has structural similarity to insulin. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

releasing factors
Hormones produced by the hypothalamus whichstimulate the release of other hormones in the pituitary gland. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

releasing hormone
Synonym for releasing factors ... Hormones produced by the hypothalamus whichstimulate the release of other hormones in the pituitary gland. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

relevant
Bearing upon or properly applying to the matter at hand, affording evidence tending to prove or disprove the matters at issue or under discussion. ... Origin: L. Relevare = to raise up, lift up ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

reliability
The degree of stability exhibitied when a measurement is repeated under identical conditions. ... See: correlation coefficient, reliability coefficient. ... Origin: M.E. Relien, fr. O.Fr. Relier, fr. L. Religo, to bind ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

reliability coefficient
An index of the consistency of measurement often based on the correlation between scores obtained on the initial test and a retest (test-retest reliability) or between scores on two similar forms of the same test (equivalent-form reliability). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

relief
1. The act of relieving, or the state of being relieved; the removal, or partial removal, of any evil, or of anything oppressive or burdensome, by which some ease is obtained; succor; alleviation; comfort; ease; redress. 'He seec the dire contagion spread so fast, That, where it seizes, all relief is vain.' (Dryden) ... 2. Release from a post, or fr …

relief area
In dentistry, the portion of the denture-bearing area over which the denture base is altered to reduce functional pressure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

relief chamber
A recess in the impression surface of a denture to reduce or eliminate pressure from that specific area of the mouth. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

relief work
Assistance, such as money, food, or shelter, given to the needy, aged, or victims of disaster. It is usually granted on a temporary basis. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

relieve
To free wholly or partly from pain or discomfort, either physical or mental. ... Origin: thru O. Fr. Fr. L. Re-levo, to lift up, lighten ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

religion
1. The outward act or form by which men indicate their recognition of the existence of a god or of gods having power over their destiny, to whom obedience, service, and honor are due; the feeling or expression of human love, fear, or awe of some superhuman and overruling power, whether by profession of belief, by observance of rites and ceremonies, …

religion and medicine
The interrelationship of medicine and religion. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

religion and psychology
The interrelationship of psychology and religion. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

religious philosophies
The various religions or sets of philosophical beliefs on the nature of the universe or man, practiced as a religion. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

reline
In dentistry, to resurface the tissue side of a denture with new base material to make it fit more accurately. ... See: rebase. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

relish
1. A pleasing taste; flavor that gratifies the palate; hence, enjoyable quality; power of pleasing. 'Much pleasure we have lost while we abstained From this delightful fruit, nor known till now True relish, tasting.' (Milton) 'When liberty is gone, Life grows insipid, and has lost its relish.' (Addison) ... 2. Savor; quality; characteristic tinge. ' …

REM
<radiobiology> The conventional unit of dose equivalent. The dose equivalent in rem is numerically equal to the absorbed dose, D, in rad multiplied by the quality factor Q. 1 rem = 0.01 sievert. (See sievert, rad). Note: for most medical applications involving X-ray or gamma emitters, the numerical values of the absorbed dose in rad, dose equ …

REM behaviour disorder
A disorder characterised by lack of the atonia of voluntary muscles that normally occurs in REM sleep. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

REM stage sleep
<physiology> A stage of deep sleep that is accompanied by rapid eye movement and muscle paralysis. Vivid dreams can be recalled in over 80% of patients who awake from REM stage sleep. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

REM syndrome
<syndrome> A reticular erythematous dermatitis of the upper trunk, more common in women, in which there is perivascular infiltrate of lymphocytes, few plasma cells, and upper dermal deposits of mucin; worsens on exposure to ultraviolet light. ... Synonym: reticular erythematous mucinosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

remainder
1. Anything that remains, or is left, after the separation and removal of a part; residue; remnant. 'The last remainders of unhappy Troy.' 'If these decoctions be repeated till the water comes off clear, the remainder yields no salt.' (Arbuthnot) ... 2. <mathematics> The quantity or sum that is left after subtraction, or after any deduction.
Remak, Ernst
<person> German neurologist, 1848-1911. ... See: Remak's reflex, Remak's sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Remak, Robert
<person> Polish-German anatomist and histologist, 1815-1865. ... See: Remak's nuclear division, Remak's fibres, Remak's ganglia, Remak's plexus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Remak's fibres
Synonym for unmyelinated fibres ... A fibre having no myelin covering (CNS); a naked axon; in the PNS represented by all axons lying in troughs in a single Schwann cell (Schwann cell unit); a slow conducting fibre. ... Synonym: gray fibres, nonmedullated fibres, Remak's fibres. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Remak's ganglia
Groups of nerve cells in the wall of the venous sinus where it joins the right atrium of the heart, autonomic ganglia in nerves of the stomach. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Remak's nuclear division
Synonym for amitosis ... <cell biology> An unusual form of nuclear division, in which the nucleus simply constricts, rather like a cell without chromosome condensation or spindle formation. Partitioning of daughter chromosomes is haphazard. Observed in some Protozoa. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

Remak's plexus
Synonym for submucosal plexus ... A gangliated plexus of unmyelinated nerve fibres, derived chiefly from the superior mesenteric plexus, ramifying in the intestinal submucosa. ... Synonym: plexus submucosus, Meissner's plexus, Remak's plexus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Remak's reflex
Plantar flexion of the first three toes and, sometimes, the foot with extension of the knee induced by stroking of the upper anterior surface of the thigh; it occurs when the conducting paths in the cord are interrupted. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Remak's sign
<clinical sign> Dissociation of the sensations of touch and of pain in tabes dorsalis and polyneuritis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

remanent
Remaining; residual. 'That little hope that is remanent hath its degree according to the infancy or growth of the habit.' (Jer. ... <physics> Taylor) Remanent magnetism, magnetism which remains in a body that has little coercive force after the magnetizing force is withdrawn, as soft iron. ... Synonym: residual magnetism. ... Origin: L. Remanens …

remediable
Curable. ... Origin: L. Remediabilis, fr. Remedio, to cure ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

remedial
Curative or acting as a remedy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

remedial teaching
Specialised instruction for students deviating from the expected norm. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

remedy
1. That which relieves or cures a disease; any medicine or application which puts an end to disease and restores health; with for; as, a remedy for the gout. ... 2. That which corrects or counteracts an evil of any kind; a corrective; a counteractive; reparation; cure; followed by for or against, formerly by to. 'What may else be remedy or cure To e …

remembrance
1. The act of remembering; a holding in mind, or bringing to mind; recollection. ... 2. The state of being remembered, or held in mind; memory; recollection. ... 3. Something remembered; a person or thing kept in memory. ... 4. That which serves to keep in or bring to mind; a memorial; a token; a memento; a souvenir; a memorandum or note of something …

reminder system
<psychology> Systems used to prompt or aid the memory. The systems can be computerised reminders, colour coding, telephone calls, or devices such as letters and postcards. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

remineralization
1. <physiology> The return to the body or a local area of necessary mineral constituents lost through disease or dietary deficiencies; commonly used in referring to the content of calcium salts in bone. ... 2. <dentistry> A process enhanced by the presence of fluoride whereby partially decalcified enamel, dentin, and cementum become reca …

reminiscence
In the psychology of learning, an improvement in recall, over that shown on the last trial, of incompletely learned material after an interval without practice. ... Origin: L. Reminiscentiae, from reminiscor, to remember ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

reminiscent aura
Synonym for intellectual aura ... A dreamy, detached, or reminiscent aura. ... Synonym: reminiscent aura. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

remiped
<zoology> An animal having feet or legs that are used as oars; said of certain crustaceans and insects. ... One of a group of aquatic beetles having tarsi adapted for swimming. ... See: water beetle. ... Origin: L. Remus oar + pes, pedis, foot: cf. F. Remipede. ... (18 Dec 1998) ...

remission
<oncology> A complete or partial disappearance of the signs and symptoms of disease in response to treatment. The period during which a disease is under control. A remission, however, is not necessarily a cure. ... Origin: L. Remissio ... (14 May 1997) ...

remission induction
The initial course of treatment given to patients on admission to hospital to remove all clinically detectable cancer. ... (13 Nov 1997) ...

remission induction chemotherapy
The initial chemotherapy a patient receives to bring about a remission. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

remission, spontaneous
A spontaneous diminution or abatement of the symptoms of a disease. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

remit
To become less severe for a time without absolutely ceasing. ... Origin: see remission ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

remittence
A temporary amelioration, without actual cessation, of symptoms. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

remittent fever
A fever pattern in which temperature varies during each 24 hour period, but never reaches normal. Most fevers are remittent and the pattern is not characteristic of any disease, although in the 19th century it was considered a diagnostic term. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

remittent malaria
A malarial fever, usually of the severe falciparum type, in which the temperature falls but not to the normal level during the interval between two pronounced paroxysms. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

remodeling
A cyclical process by which bone maintains a dynamic steady state through sequential resorption and formation of a small amount of bone at the same site; unlike the process of modeling, the size and shape of remodeled bone remain unchanged. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

remonstrance
1. The act of remonstrating; as: A pointing out; manifestation; proof; demonstration. 'You may marvel why I . . . Would not rather Make rash remonstrance of my hidden power Than let him be so lost.' (Shak) ... Earnest presentation of reason in opposition to something; protest; expostulation. ... 2. Same as Monstrance. ... Origin: Cf. OF. Remonstrance, …

remora
1. Delay; obstacle; hindrance. ... 2. <zoology> Any one of several species of fishes belonging to Echeneis, Remora, and allied genera. Called also sucking fish. ... The anterior dorsal fin is converted into a large sucking disk, having two transverse rows of lamellae, situated on the top of the head. They adhere firmly to sharks and other large …

remote
Separated from one another, separated by intervals or spaces greater than the ordinary. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

remote consultation
Consultation via remote telecommunications, generally for the purpose of diagnosis or treatment of a patient at a site remote from the patient or primary physician. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

remote memory
Memory for events of long ago as opposed to recent events. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

removable bridge
Synonym for removable partial denture ... A partial denture which supplies teeth and associated structures on a partially edentulous jaw, and which can be readily removed from the mouth. ... Synonym: removable bridge. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

removable partial denture
A partial denture which supplies teeth and associated structures on a partially edentulous jaw, and which can be readily removed from the mouth. ... Synonym: removable bridge. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

remove
1. To move away from the position occupied; to cause to change place; to displace; as, to remove a building. 'Thou shalt not remove thy neighbor's landmark.' (Deut. Xix. 14) 'When we had dined, to prevent the ladies' leaving us, I generally ordered the table to be removed.' (Goldsmith) ... 2. To cause to leave a person or thing; to cause to cease to …

remoxipride
<chemical> An antipsychotic agent that is specific for dopamine d2 receptors. It has been shown to be effective in the treatment of schizophrenia. ... Pharmacological action: antipsychotic agents, dopamine antagonists. ... Chemical name: Benzamide, 3-bromo-N-((1-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)methyl)-2,6-dimethoxy-, (S)- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

remunerate
To pay an equivalent to for any service, loss, expense, or other sacrifice; to recompense; to requite; as, to remunerate men for labour. ... Synonym: To reward, recompense, compensate, satisfy, requite, repay, pay, reimburse. ... Origin: L. Remuneratus, p. P. Of remunerare, remunerari; pref. Re- re- + munerare, munerari, to give, present, from munus, …

ren
Synonym: kidney. ... Origin: L. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

renal
<anatomy> Pertaining to the kidney, nephric. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

renal adenocarcinoma
<radiology> Hypernephroma, renal cell carcinoma, arises from proximal collecting tubule, 10% bilateral adenocarcinoma types: papillary, alveolar, onchocytoma vascularity, 85% hypervascular (require pre-op embolization), 10% hypovascular (usually papillary type), 5% avascular associated with: tuberous sclerosis, von Hippel-Lindau syndrome see …

renal agenesis
<radiology> Associated with, duplicated vagina and/or uterus (mullerian duct anomaly), seminal vesicle cysts ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

renal agents
Drugs used for their effects on the kidneys' regulation of body fluid composition and volume. The most commonly used are the diuretics. Also included are drugs used for their antidiuretic and uricosuric actions, for their effects on the kidneys' clearance of other drugs, and for diagnosis of renal function. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

renal amyloidosis
Renal deposits of amyloid, especially in glomerular capillary walls, which may cause albuminuria and the nephrotic syndrome. ... Synonym: amyloid nephrosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

renal artery
<anatomy, artery> A branch of the abdominal aorta which supplies the kidneys, adrenal glands and ureters. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

renal artery obstruction
Narrowing or occlusion of the renal arteries. It is due usually to atherosclerosis, fibromuscular dysplasia, thrombosis, embolism, or external pressure. It may result in renovascular hypertension. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

renal artery stenosis
<cardiology, nephrology> A narrowing of the renal artery or one of its main branches accounts for 2 to 5% of cases of hypertension. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

renal ballottement
A manoeuvre in which the kidney is moved by pressure from behind, allowing it to be felt between the hands and its size, shape, and mobility determined. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

renal blood flow, effective
The amount of blood flowing to the parts of the kidney that are involved with the production of constituents of urine. It is that portion of the total renal blood flow that perfuses functional renal tissue (e.g., the glomeruli). It should be differentiated from renal plasma flow, effective which is based on the amount of plasma rather than on total …

renal branch of vagus nerve
<anatomy, nerve> Branches of vagus nerve to kidney via the coeliac plexus. ... Synonym: rami renales nervi vagi. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

renal calcification
<radiology> Nephrolithiasis, nephrocalcinosis, medullary (more common), cortical, neoplastic or inflammatory mass, renal cell carcinoma, XGP, tuberculosis ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

renal calculi
<radiology> Common: calcium phosphate (8%), calcium oxalate (most common: 73%, most opaque), magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite), uncommon: diammonium calcium phosphate, magnesium phosphate, rare: cystine (faintly opaque; 1%), urate (lucent; 7%), xanthine see: matrix calculi ... (12 Dec 1998) ...