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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

retro-ocular
Synonym for retrobulbar ... <anatomy> Behind the pons. ... Origin: L. Bulbus = bulb ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

retroactive inhibition
The partial or complete obliteration of memory by a more recent event, particularly new learning. ... Compare: proactive inhibition. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retroadductor space
Potential space between the adductor pollicis and first dorsal interosseous muscles. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retroauricular
Behind the auricle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retroauricular lymph nodes
Two or three nodes in the region of the mastoid process; they receive afferent lymphatic vessels from the scalp and auricle and send efferent vessels to the superior deep cervical nodes. ... Synonym: nodi lymphatici mastoidei, mastoid lymph nodes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retrobuccal
Relating to the back part of, or behind, the cheek. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retrobulbar
<anatomy> Behind the pons. ... Origin: L. Bulbus = bulb ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

retrobulbar abscess
Synonym for orbital abscess ... A circumscribed collection of pus within the orbit; frequently an extension of purulent infection of the paranasal sinuses, usually the ethmoids. ... Synonym: retrobulbar abscess. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retrobulbar anaesthesia
Injection of a local anaesthetic behind the eye to produce sensory denervation of the eye. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retrobulbar haemorrhage
Haemorrhage within the orbital cavity, posterior to the eyeball. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

retrobulbar neuritis
Optic neuritis without swelling of the optic disk. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retrocaecal
Posterior to the caecum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retrocaecal abscess
An abscess located posterior to the caecum, usually resulting from perforation of a retrocaecal appendix. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retrocaecal lymph nodes
Nodes located behind the caecum draining lymph into the ileocolic nodes. ... Synonym: nodi lymphatici retrocaecales. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retrocaecal recess
One of several small pockets sometimes found extending alongside the right margin of the ascending colon near the caecum. ... Synonym: recessus retrocaecalis, caecal recess. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retrocalcaneobursitis
Synonym: achillobursitis. ... Origin: retro-+ L. Calcaneum heel, + bursitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retrocaval ureter
<radiology> Ureter courses behind and medial to IVC, with or without ureteral obstruction subcardinal vein, IVC usually formed from supracardinal veins ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

retrocedent gout
An obsolete term for the occurrence of severe gastric, cardiac, or cerebral symptoms during an attack of gout, especially when the joint and other symptoms suddenly subside at the same time. ... Saturnine gout, gout occurring in a person with lead poisoning. ... Synonym: lead gout. ... Secondary gout, gout resulting from increased serum uric acid leve …

retrocervical
Posterior to the cervix uteri. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retroclusion
A form of acupressure for the arrest of bleeding; the needle is passed through the tissues above the cut end of the artery, is turned around, and then is passed backward beneath the vessel to come out near the point of entrance. ... Origin: retro-+ L. Claudo (cludo) to close ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retrocochlear deafness
Former term for sensorineural deafness; suggesting a lesion proximal to the cochlea. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retrocochlear diseases
Diseases of the acoustic nerve. Retrocochlear refers to the eighth cranial nerve and cerebellopontine angle as opposed to the cochlea. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

retrocolic
Posterior to the colon. ... Origin: retro-+ G. Kolon, colon ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retrocollic
Relating to the back of the neck; drawing back the head. ... Origin: retro-+ L. Collum, neck ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retrocollic spasm
Torticollis in which the spasm affects the posterior neck muscles. ... Synonym: retrocollis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retrocollis
Synonym for retrocollic spasm ... Torticollis in which the spasm affects the posterior neck muscles. ... Synonym: retrocollis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retroconduction
Synonym for retrograde conduction ... Conduction backward from the ventricles or from the A-V node into and through the atria. ... Synonym: retroconduction, ventriculoatrial conduction, V-A conduction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retrocursive
Running backward. ... Origin: retro-+ L. Cursus, a running ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retrocuspid papilla
A small tissue tag located on the mandibular gingiva lingual to the cuspid teeth; usually occurs bilaterally, is more commonly identified in children, and is considered a normal anatomic structure. ... Tactile papilla, one of the papillae of the dermis containing a tactile cell or corpuscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retrodeviation
A backward bending or inclining. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retrodisplacement
Any backward displacement, such as retroversion or retroflexion of the uterus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retroduodenal artery
<anatomy, artery> Origin, one of several small branches from the gastroduodenal artery posterior to the duodenum; distribution, first part of duodenum. ... Synonym: arteria retroduodenalis, posterior pancreaticoduodenal artery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retroduodenal fossa
Synonym for retroduodenal recess ... A peritoneal recess occasionally found behind the third part of the duodenum, between it and the aorta. ... Synonym: recessus retroduodenalis, infraduodenal fossa, retroduodenal fossa. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retroduodenal recess
A peritoneal recess occasionally found behind the third part of the duodenum, between it and the aorta. ... Synonym: recessus retroduodenalis, infraduodenal fossa, retroduodenal fossa. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retroesophageal
Posterior to the oesophagus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retrofilling
Placement of a sealing material into the apical foramen of a dental root from the apical end. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retrofit
To modify a device or machine after its been purchased, either to improveon a design element or to replace a malfunctioning component. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

retrofitting
The application of conservation, efficiency, or renewable energy technologies to existing structures. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

retroflected
Synonym for retroflexed ... Bent backward or posteriorly. ... Synonym: retroflected. ... Origin: retro-+ L. Flecto, pp. Flexus, to bend ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retroflection
Synonym for retroflexion ... Backward bending, as of the uterus when the corpus is bent back, forming an angle with the cervix. ... Synonym: retroflection. ... Retroflexion of iris, abnormal position of the iris on the ciliary body after severe concussion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retroflex fasciculus
A compact bundle of fibres arising in the habenula and passing ventralward to the interpeduncular nucleus at the base of the midbrain; part of its fibres bypass this nucleus and terminate in the raphe nuclei of the caudal mesencephalic tegmentum. ... Synonym: fasciculus retroflexus, habenulointerpeduncular tract, Meynert's fasciculus, Meynert's retr …

retroflexed
Bent backward or posteriorly. ... Synonym: retroflected. ... Origin: retro-+ L. Flecto, pp. Flexus, to bend ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retroflexion
Backward bending, as of the uterus when the corpus is bent back, forming an angle with the cervix. ... Synonym: retroflection. ... Retroflexion of iris, abnormal position of the iris on the ciliary body after severe concussion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retrogasserian neurectomy
Synonym for trigeminal rhizotomy ... <procedure> Division or section of a sensory root of the fifth cranial nerve, accomplished through a subtemporal (Frazier-Spiller operation), suboccipital (Dandy operation), or transtentorial approach. ... Synonym: retrogasserian neurectomy, retrogasserian neurotomy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retrogasserian neurotomy
Synonym for trigeminal rhizotomy ... <procedure> Division or section of a sensory root of the fifth cranial nerve, accomplished through a subtemporal (Frazier-Spiller operation), suboccipital (Dandy operation), or transtentorial approach. ... Synonym: retrogasserian neurectomy, retrogasserian neurotomy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retrognathic
Denoting a state in which the mandible is located posterior to its normal position in relation to the maxillae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retrognathism
Retrusion of the mandible. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

retrograde
1. Moving backward or against the usual direction of flow. ... 2. Degenerating, deteriorating or catabolic. ... Origin: L. Gradi = to step ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

retrograde amnesia
Amnesia in reference to events that occurred before the trauma or disease that caused the condition. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retrograde aortography
Aortography by the injection of contrast medium into the aorta through one of its branches, e.g., the brachial artery, in a direction against normal arterial blood flow. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retrograde axonal transport
<cell biology> The transport of vesicles from the synaptic region of an axon towards the cell body: involves the interaction of MAP1C with microtubules. ... (11 Jan 1998) ...

retrograde beat
A beat occurring as an electrical activation of a portion of a heart chamber cephalad to the chamber of origin, e.g., an atrial beat triggered by an impulse originating in the ventricle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retrograde block
Impaired conduction backward from the ventricles or A-V node into the atria. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retrograde cardioplegia
Cardioplegia effected by delivery of solutions via the coronary veins. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retrograde chromatolysis
Synonym: central chromatolysis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retrograde conduction
Conduction backward from the ventricles or from the A-V node into and through the atria. ... Synonym: retroconduction, ventriculoatrial conduction, V-A conduction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retrograde degeneration
The series of changes in a neuron following the severing of its axon, including central chromatolysis with displacement of the nucleus. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

retrograde ejaculation
<urology> Ejaculation backwards into the bladder instead of forward through the urethra. ... (11 Jan 1998) ...

retrograde embolism
Embolism of a vein by an embolus carried in a direction opposite to that of the normal blood current, after being diverted into a smaller vein. ... Synonym: venous embolism. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retrograde hernia
A double loop hernia the central loop of which lies in the abdominal cavity. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retrograde intussusception
The invagination of a lower segment of the bowel into one just above. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retrograde memory
Memory for that which occurred before an event such as a brain injury. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retrograde menstruation
A flow of menstrual blood back through the fallopian tubes; it sometimes carries with it endometrial cells. ... Supplementary menstruation, bleeding from the navel or urinary tract due to endometriosis occurring at the time of menstruation. ... Suppressed menstruation, nonappearance of menstrual bleeding from whatever cause. ... Vicarious menstruation …

retrograde metamorphosis
Synonym for degeneration ... An effect whereby the productivity of a microbial strain used in a commercial process diminishes after repeated transfer from one culture media to another, often caused by genetic mutation. ... (14 Nov 1997) ...

retrograde P wave
The P wave pattern in the electrocardiogram representing retrograde depolarisation of the atria, the impulse spreading from the A-V junction or the lower atrium upward. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retrograde pyelography
Pyelography in which contrast material is injected into the ureters from an endoscope in the bladder. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retrography
Synonym: mirror-writing. ... Origin: retro-+ G. Grapho, to write ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retrogression
1. The act of retrograding, or going backward; retrogradation. ... 2. <biology> Backward development; a passing from a higher to a lower state of organization or structure, as when an animal, approaching maturity, becomes less highly organised than would be expected from its earlier stages or known relationship. ... Synonym: retrograde developm …

retrohyoid bursa
<anatomy> A bursa between the posterior surface of the body of the hyoid bone and the thyrohyoid membrane. ... Synonym: bursa retrohyoidea, Boyer's bursa, bursa of hyoid, subhyoid bursa. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retroiliac ureter
Congenital defect where the ureter passes deep to the iliac artery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retroinguinal space
A triangular space between the peritoneum and the transversalis fascia, at the lower angle of which is the inguinal ligament; it contains the lower portion of the external iliac artery. ... Synonym: Bogros' space, spatium retroinguinale. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retroinhibition
Synonym for feedback inhibition ... <biochemistry, physiology> The process of the end product of a particular metabolic reaction inhibiting an allosteric enzyme involved in that reaction as the reaction starts again, thus breaking the reaction cycle. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

retroiridian
Posterior to the iris. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retrojection
The washing out of a cavity by the backward flow of an injected fluid. ... Origin: L. Retro, backward, + jacio, to throw ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retrojector
A form of syringe with long tubular attachment to the nozzle, used in retrojection. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retrolental
Posterior to the lens of the eye. ... Synonym: retrolenticular. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retrolental fibroplasia
Synonym for retinopathy of prematurity ... <ophthalmology, paediatrics> A bilateral retinopathy occurring in premature infants treated with excessively high concentrations of oxygen, characterised by vascular dilatation, proliferation, and tortuosity, oedema, and retinal detachment, with ultimate conversion of the retina into a fibrous mass th …

retrolenticular
Synonym: retrolental. ... 2. Behind the lentiform nucleus of the brain. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retrolingual
Relating to the back part of the tongue; posterior to the tongue. ... Origin: retro-+ L. Lingua, tongue ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retromammary
Posterior to the mamma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retromammary mastitis
Synonym for submammary mastitis ... Inflammation of the tissues lying deep to the mammary gland. ... Synonym: retromammary mastitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retromandibular
Posterior to the lower jaw. ... Origin: retro-+ L. Mandibula, lower jaw ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retromandibular fossa
The depression inferior to the auricle and posterior to the ramus and angle of the mandible. ... Synonym: fossa retromandibularis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retromandibular vein
<anatomy, vein> It is formed by the union of the superficial temporal and maxillary veins in front of the ear, runs posterior to the ramus of the mandible through the parotid gland, and unites with the posterior auricular vein to form the external jugular vein; it usually has a large communicating branch with the facial vein. ... Synonym: vena …

retromastoid
Posterior to the mastoid process; relating to the posterior mastoid cells. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retromolar
Distal (or posterior) to the last erupted (or present) molar tooth. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retromolar fossa
A triangular depression in the mandible posterior to the third molar tooth. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retromolar pad
A cushioned mass of tissue, frequently pear-shaped, located on the alveolar process of the mandible behind the area of the last natural molar tooth. ... Synonym: pear-shaped area. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retromorphosis
Synonym: cataplasia. ... Origin: retro-+ G. Morphosis, process of forming ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retromylohyoid space
The sulcus at the posterior end of the mylohyoid line. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retronasal
Posterior nasal; relating to the posterior nares. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retroperitoneal
<anatomy> Behind or posterior to the peritoneum. ... (11 Jan 1998) ...

retroperitoneal adenopathy
<radiology> Ultrasound: increased echo most likely to be adenocarcinoma, decreased echo most likely to be lymphoma ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

retroperitoneal fibrosis
<radiology> Ureters tapered or obstructed, most severe at L4-5, ureters deviated medially, Treatment: symptomatic; steroids have ? long-term benefit Differential diagnosis: malignancy, lymphoma (especially Hodgkin's), metastasis from colon and breast, retroperitoneal sarcoma, drugs, methysergide (Sansert), haemorrhage, aortic aneurysm, trauma …

retroperitoneal hernia
Synonym for duodenojejunal hernia ... A hernia in the subperitoneal tissues. ... Synonym: retroperitoneal hernia, Treitz's hernia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retroperitoneal liposarcoma
<radiology> Most common primary retroperitoneal tumour, rarely arises from lipoma, 95% of all fatty retroperitoneal tumours, 40-60 years; M>F, most radiosensitive sarcoma (32% 5-year survival) findings, CT, contrast enhancement, mixed density (fat and soft tissue elements), pseudocystic pattern: water density secondary to volume averaging, …

retroperitoneal space
An area occupying the most posterior aspect of the abdominal cavity. It is bounded laterally by the borders of the quadratus lumborum muscles and extends from the diaphragm to the brim of the true pelvis, where it continues as the pelvic extraperitoneal space. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

retroperitoneum
Synonym: retroperitoneal space. ... Origin: retro-+ peritoneum ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retroperitonitis
Inflammation of the cellular tissue behind the peritoneum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

retropharyngeal
Posterior to the pharynx. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...