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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

myositis ossificans
A disease characterised by bony deposits or the ossification of muscle tissue. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

myositis ossificans circumscripta
Local deposit of bone in a muscle, usually following prolonged trauma; e.g., riders' bone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myositis ossificans progressiva
<radiology> Progressive skeletal fusion, ossification of ligaments, nuchal ligament, pelvic entheses, asymptomatic at birth, 90% have short great toes ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

myositis purulenta tropica
A disease observed in Samoa and in tropical Africa, marked by pains in the extremities, fever of a remittent or intermittent type, and abscesses in the muscles in various parts of the body (may result in death from sepsis); causative organisms are Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes, but usually the disease is associated with parasitic …

myositis, inclusion body
A progressive inflammatory myopathy primarily involving muscles of the pelvic region and legs, usually seen in older people. The muscles are infiltrated by mononuclear inflammatory cells, sarcoplasmic vacuoles, masses of filaments and filamentous microtubules, and sometimes eosinophilic bodies. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

myospasm
Spasmodic muscular contraction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myospherulosis
A chronic granulomatous reaction to undetermined spherical structures frequently contained within a microscopic cyst; first reported in cystic lesions in skeletal muscle from eastern Africa and subsequently in nasal infections in the U.S. ... Origin: myo-+ L. Sphaerula, small sphere, + G. -osis, condition ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myosthenometer
An instrument for measuring the power of muscle groups. ... Origin: myo-+ G. Sthenos, strength, + metron, measure ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myostroma
The supporting connective tissue or framework of muscular tissue. ... Origin: myo-+ G. Stroma, mattress ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myostromin
A protein found in muscle stroma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myotactic
Relating to the muscular sense. ... Origin: myo-+ L. Tactus, a touching ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myotasis
Stretching of a muscle. ... Origin: myo-+ G. Tasis, a stretching ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myotatic
Relating to myotasis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myotatic contraction
A reflex contraction of a skeletal muscle that occurs as a result of stimulation of the stretch receptors in the muscle, i.e., as part of a myotatic reflex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myotatic reflex
Tonic contraction of the muscles in response to a stretching force, due to stimulation of muscle proprioceptors. ... Synonym: Liddell-Sherrington reflex, muscular reflex, stretch reflex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myotenositis
Inflammation of a muscle with its tendon. ... Origin: myo-+ G. Tenon, tendon, + -itis, inflammation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myotenotomy
<procedure> Cutting through the principal tendon of a muscle, with division of the muscle itself in whole or in part. ... Synonym: tenomyotomy, tenontomyotomy. ... Origin: myo-+ G. Tenon, tendon, + tome, incision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myothermic
Relating to the increased temperature in muscular tissue resulting from its contraction. ... Origin: myo-+ G. Therme, heat ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myotome
<anatomy> A muscular segment; one of the zones into which the muscles of the trunk, especially in fishes, are divided; a myocomma. ... One of the embryonic muscular segments arising from the protovertebrae; also, one of the protovertebrae themselves. ... The muscular system of one metamere of an articulate. ... See: Myotomy. ... Source: Websters …

myotone
Synonym for myotony ... Muscular tonus or tension. ... Synonym: myotone. ... Origin: myo-+ G. Tonos, tension ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myotonia
Increased muscular irritability and contractility with decreased power of relaxation; toxic spasm of muscle. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

myotonia acquisita
Acquired myotonia following exposure to certain toxins. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myotonia atrophica
A rare, slowly progressive, hereditary disease transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait and characterised by myotonia followed by atrophy of the muscles, cataracts, hypogonadism, balding, and cardiac abnormalities. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

myotonia congenita
A congenital genetic disease characterised by tonic spasm and rigidity of certain muscles when an attempt is made to move them after a period of rest or when mechanically stimulated. The stiffness disappears as the muscles are moved. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

myotonia dystrophica
Synonym for myotonic dystrophy ... <neurology> An inherited human neuromuscular disease classed as an autosomal dominant disease in which there is progressive muscle weakening and wasting. ... A triplet repeat syndromes (like fragile X syndrome), this most common adult form of muscular dystrophy is caused by expansion of the unstable trinucleot …

myotonia neonatorum
Synonym for neonatal tetany ... Hypocalcaemic tetany occurring in neonates or young infants, due to transient functional hypoparathyroidism in consumption of cow's milk (high phosphorus content). ... Synonym: myotonia neonatorum, tetania neonatorum, tetanism. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myotonic
Pertaining to or exhibiting myotonia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myotonic cataract
Cataract occurring in myotonic dystrophy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myotonic dystrophy
<neurology> An inherited human neuromuscular disease classed as an autosomal dominant disease in which there is progressive muscle weakening and wasting. ... A triplet repeat syndromes (like fragile X syndrome), this most common adult form of muscular dystrophy is caused by expansion of the unstable trinucleotide repeat CTG in the 3' untransla …

myotonin-protein kinase
<enzyme> Has been sequenced ... Registry number: EC 2.7.- ... Synonym: mtpk, myotonin protein kinase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

myotonoid
Denoting a muscular reaction, naturally or electrically excited, characterised by slow contraction and, especially, slow relaxation. ... Origin: myo-+ G. Tonos, tone, tension, + eidos, resemblance ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myotonus
A tonic spasm or temporary rigidity of a muscle or group of muscles. ... Origin: myo-+ G. Tonos, tension, stretching ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myotony
Muscular tonus or tension. ... Synonym: myotone. ... Origin: myo-+ G. Tonos, tension ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myotoxin
<protein> From a family of small basic proteins (42-45 amino acids) in rattlesnake venom. Induce rapid necrosis of muscle. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

myotrophy
Nutrition of muscular tissue. ... Origin: myo-+ G. Trophe, nourishment ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myotube
<biology> Elongated multinucleate cells (three or more nuclei) that contain some peripherally located myofibrils. ... They are formed in vivo or in vitro by the fusion of myoblasts and eventually develop into mature muscle fibres that have peripherally located nuclei and most of their cytoplasm filled with myofibrils. In fact, there is no very …

myotubular myopathy
Synonym for centronuclear myopathy ... Slowly progressive generalised muscle weakness and atrophy beginning in childhood; on biopsy of skeletal muscle, the nuclei of most muscle fibres are seen to be located near the centre of a small fibre (the normal position for a 10-week embryo) rather than at the periphery of the fibre; familial incidence. Auto …

myotubule
Former term for myotube. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myovascular sphincter
A sphincter having a muscular and a vascular (usually venous) component. ... See: myovenous sphincter. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myovenous sphincter
A sphincter having a muscular and a venous component, e.g., at the pharyngoesophageal junction and anal canal. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myoviridae
A family of bacteriophages which are characterised by complex contractile tails. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

myrcene synthase
<enzyme> Isolated from the grand fir abies grandis. ... Registry number: EC 5.5.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

myriachit
Synonym: miryachit. ... Origin: Kalmuk? ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myriapoda
<zoology> A class, or subclass, of arthropods, related to the hexapod insects, from which they differ in having the body made up of numerous similar segments, nearly all of which bear true jointed legs. They have one pair of antennae, three pairs of mouth organs, and numerous trachaae, similar to those of true insects. The larvae, when first …

myringa
Synonym: tympanic membrane. ... Origin: Mod. L. Drum membrane ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myringectomy
<procedure> Excision of the tympanic membrane. ... Origin: myring-+ G. Ektome, excision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myringitis
<otolaryngology> Inflammation of the eardrum secondary to infection. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

myringitis bulbosa
Synonym for myringodermatitis ... Inflammation of the meatal or outer surface of the drum membrane and the adjoining skin of the external auditory canal. ... Synonym: myringitis bulbosa. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myringo-
The membrana tympani. ... Origin: Mod. L. Myringa ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myringodermatitis
Inflammation of the meatal or outer surface of the drum membrane and the adjoining skin of the external auditory canal. ... Synonym: myringitis bulbosa. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myringomycosis
Synonym for mycomyringitis ... An obsolete term denoting an inflammation of the membrana tympani caused by the presence of Aspergillus or other fungus. ... Synonym: myringomycosis. ... Origin: myco-+ Mod. L. Myringa, drum-membrane, + G. -itis, inflammation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myringoplasty
Surgical restoration of a perforated tympanic membrane by grafting. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

myringostapediopexy
A technique of tympanoplasty in which the drum membrane or grafted drum membrane is brought into functional connection with the stapes. ... Origin: myringo-+ L. Stapes, stirrup (stapes), + G. Pexis, fixation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myringotome
A knife used for paracentesis of the tympanic membrane. ... Origin: myringo-+ G. Tome, excision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myringotomy
<procedure, surgery> The removal of fluid (often infected) from the middle ear space by creating a incision in the eardrum. Ear tubes may be placed to maintain chronic drainage for several months. Indicated in cases of chronic or recurrent otitis media. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

myrinx
Synonym: tympanic membrane. ... Origin: Mod. L. Myringa, drum membrane ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myristates
Salts and esters of the 14-carbon saturated monocarboxylic acid--myristic acid. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

myristic acid
<biochemistry> The myristoyl group is one of the less common fatty acyl residues of phospholipids in biological membranes but is found as an N terminal modification of a large number of membrane associated proteins and some cytoplasmic proteins. ... It is a common modification of viral proteins. In all known examples, the myristoyl residue is …

myristic acids
14-carbon saturated monocarboxylic acids. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

myristica
Synonym: nutmeg. ... Origin: G. Myrizo, to anoint, fr. Myron, an unguent ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myristica oil
Synonym for nutmeg oil ... The volatile oil distilled from the dried kernels of the ripe seeds of Myristica fragrans; used as a flavoring agent and a carminative; in large quantities, it may produce narcosis and delirium; the fixed oil expressed from M. Fragrans is used as a rubefacient. ... Synonym: myristica oil. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myristicin
A constituent of nutmeg thought to be responsible, at least in part, for the bizarre central nervous system symptoms produced by the ingestion of large amounts of nutmeg. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myristoleic acid
9-Tetradecenoic acid;a 14-carbon unsaturated fatty acid with a double bond between carbons 9 and 10; the 14-carbon analog of oleic acid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myristoylation
Synonym for myristic acid ... <biochemistry> The myristoyl group is one of the less common fatty acyl residues of phospholipids in biological membranes but is found as an N terminal modification of a large number of membrane associated proteins and some cytoplasmic proteins. ... It is a common modification of viral proteins. In all known exampl …

myrmecia
A form of viral wart in which the lesion has a domed surface (i.e., an ant hill configuration) and is associated with pale staining intranuclear and amphophilic intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies in the epidermal cells. ... Origin: G. Murmex, ant ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myrobolan
A dried astringent fruit much resembling a prune. It contains tannin, and was formerly used in medicine, but is now chiefly used in tanning and dyeing. Myrobolans are produced by various species of Terminalia of the East Indies, and of Spondias of South America. ... Origin: L. Myrobalanum the fruit of a palm tree from which a balsam was made, Gr.; a …

myrosinase
Synonym for thioglucosidase ... <enzyme> An enzyme in mustard seed that converts thioglycosides into thiols plus sugars. ... Synonym: myrosinase, sinigrase, sinigrinase. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myrrh
A gum resin, usually of a yellowish brown or amber colour, of an aromatic odour, and a bitter, slightly pungent taste. It is valued for its odour and for its medicinal properties. It exuds from the bark of a shrub of Abyssinia and Arabia, the Balsamodendron Myrrha. The myrrh of the Bible is supposed to have been partly the gum above named, and part …

myrtle
<botany> A species of the genus Myrtus, especially Myrtus communis. The common myrtle has a shrubby, upright stem, eight or ten feet high. Its branches form a close, full head, thickly covered with ovate or lanceolate evergreen leaves. It has solitary axillary white or rosy flowers, followed by black several-seeded berries. The ancients consi …

mysophilia
Sexual interest in excretions. ... Origin: G. Mysos, defilement, + philos, fond ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mysophobia
<psychology> Morbid fear of dirt or defilement from touching familiar objects. ... Origin: G. Mysos, defilement, + phobos, fear ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mysterious
Of or pertaining to mystery; containing a mystery; difficult or impossible to understand; obscure not revealed or explained; enigmatical; incomprehensible. 'God at last To Satan, first in sin, his doom applied, Thought in mysterious terms.' (Milton) ... Synonym: Obscure, secret, occult, dark, mystic, cabalistic, enigmatical, unintelligible, incompre …

mysticism
A philosophy based upon spiritual intuition that is believed to transcend ordinary sensory experiences or understanding. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mytacism
A form of stammering in which the letter m is frequently substituted for other consonants. ... Synonym: mutacism. ... Origin: G. My, the letter u ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Mytilus edulis
<marine biology> The edible mussel, a marine bivalve mollusc. ... They have ciliated gills that are used for filter feeding and these are utilised in studies on the cilium and on metachronism. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

myurous
Gradually decreasing, as a mouse's tail, in thickness; rarely used term denoting certain symptoms in process of cessation, or the heartbeat in certain cases in which it grows feebler and feebler for a while and then strengthens. ... Origin: G. Mys, mouse, + ouros, tail ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myxadenoma
<tumour> A benign neoplasm derived from glandular epithelial tissue, i.e., an adenoma, in which the loose connective tissue of the stroma resembles relatively primitive mesenchymal tissue. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myxaemia
Synonym: mucinaemia. ... Origin: myx-+ G. Haima, blood ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myxamoebae
<microbiology> In the Myxomycetes, such as Physarum, each spore on germination produces two amoeboid cells, myxamoebae, which then transform into flagellated cells. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

myxasthenia
Faulty secretion of mucus. ... Origin: myx-+ G. Astheneia, weakness ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myxo-
Mucus. ... See: muci-, muco-. ... Origin: G. Myxa, mucus ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Myxobacteria
<bacteria> Group of gram-negative bacteria, found mainly in soil. ... They are nonflagellated with flexible cell walls. They show a gliding motility, moving over solid surfaces leaving a layer of slime. ... at some stage in their growth the cells of this group swarm together and form fruiting bodies and spores in a fashion similar to the slime …

myxochondrofibrosarcoma
<tumour> A malignant neoplasm derived from fibrous connective tissue, i.e., a fibrosarcoma, in which there are intimately associated foci of cartilaginous and myxomatous tissue. ... Origin: myxo-+ G. Chondros, cartilage, + L. Fibra, fibre, + G. Sarx, flesh, + -oma, tumour ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myxochondroma
<tumour> A benign neoplasm of cartilaginous tissue, i.e., a chondroma, in which the stroma resembles relatively primitive mesenchymal tissue. ... Synonym: myxoma enchondromatosum. ... Origin: myxo-+ G. Chondros, cartilage, + -oma, tumour ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myxococcaceae
A family of myxococcales found in soils. The cells are slender rods that are straight to slightly tapered. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

myxococcales
An order of rod-shaped, gram-negative gliding bacteria found in soil, water, and decomposing matter. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Myxococcidium stegomyiae
A protozoon once found in the body of the mosquito, Stegomyia calopus, that had fed on the blood of a patient with yellow fever; the organism was then postulated, incorrectly, to be the causal agent of yellow fever. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myxococcus
A genus of gliding bacteria that are common inhabitants on tree bark and decomposing vegetation. The cells are slender rods with tapering ends. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Myxococcus acidic endoprotease
<enzyme> From myxococcus xanthus; cleaves phe-met bond of kappa-casein at pH 5.9; 12 kD; amino acid sequence given in first source ... Registry number: EC 3.4.99.- ... Synonym: maep ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

myxococcus xanthus
A species of gliding bacteria found on soil as well as in surface fresh water and coastal seawater. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

myxocyte
One of the stellate or polyhedral cells present in mucous tissue. ... Origin: myxo-+ G. Kytos, cell ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myxoedema
<endocrinology> A functional insufficiency of the thyroid gland, resulting in deficiency of thyroid hormone. ... A variety of severe physiological problems accompany the reduction in thyroid function and the clinical features are dry skin, coarse hair, intolerance to cold, cognitive impairment and slowing of the relaxation phase of deep tendon …

myxoedema heart
The enlarged heart associated with untreated severe hypothyroidism, often accompanied by pericardial effusion; rare in modern medicine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myxoedema voice
<otolaryngology> The forced, rough, raucous voice of subjects of myxoedema, probably due to myxoedematous thickening of the vocal folds. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myxoedematoid
Resembling myxoedema. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myxoedematous
Relating to myxoedema. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myxoedematous infantilism
Synonym for infantile hypothyroidism ... <paediatrics> Stunted body growth and mental development appearing in the first years of life resulting the inappropriate development of the thymus gland or inadequate maternal intake of iodine during gestation. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

myxofibroma
<tumour> A benign neoplasm of fibrous connective tissue that resembles primitive mesenchymal tissue. ... Synonym: fibroma myxomatodes, myxoma fibrosum. ... Origin: myxo-+ L. Fibra, fibre, + G. -oma, tumour ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myxofibrosarcoma
<tumour> A malignant fibrous histiocytoma with a predominance of myxoid areas that resemble primitive mesenchymal tissue. ... Origin: myxo-+ L. Fibra, fibre, + G. Sarx, flesh, + -oma, tumour ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myxoid
Resembling mucus. ... Origin: myxo-+ G. Eidos, resemblance ... (05 Mar 2000) ...