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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

mycoplasma infections
Infections with species of the genus mycoplasma. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Mycoplasma laidlawii
Synonym for acholeplasma laidlawii ... An organism originally isolated from sewage, manure, humus, and soil, but recently found as a parasite in mammals and birds. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Mycoplasma meleagridis
A bacterial species causing air sacculitis in turkeys. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mycoplasma mycoides
The aetiological agent of contagious pleuropneumonia (pleuropneumonia, contagious) of cattle and goats. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Mycoplasma neurolyticum
A bacterial species found in normal and diseased mice; causes 'rolling disease.' ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Mycoplasma orale
A species of Mycoplasma associated with the buccal and pharyngeal cavities of humans and animals. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mycoplasma penetrans
A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic bacteria. This organism shows remarkable pathobiologic properties: it adheres to cell surfaces, deeply penetrates into the cell, and strongly adsorbs human red blood cells and human CD4+ lymphocytes and monocytes. M. Penetrans was first isolated from the urogenital tract of patients with aids and …

Mycoplasma pharyngis
A species occurring as a commensal in the human oropharynx. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mycoplasma pneumonia
<radiology> Usually age less than 40 yrs ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mycoplasma pneumonia of pigs
A worldwide chronic pneumonia usually involving only the anterior lobes; it seldom causes death but is responsible for much unthriftiness; it is caused by the bacterium Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. ... Synonym: virus pneumonia of pigs. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mycoplasma pneumoniae
A small atypical form of bacteria, intermediate in size between typical bacteria and viruses. Thought to play a significant role in pneumonia and bronchitis. Mycoplasmal respiratory infections are common in children and young adults. ... Common symptoms include malaise, fever, chills and a dry hacking cough. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

Mycoplasma salivarium
A species found in human saliva. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Mycoplasma synoviae
A bacterial species found in the hock joint of a fowl; causes infectious synovitis in chickens. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mycoplasmal pneumonia
Synonym for primary atypical pneumonia ... An acute systemic disease with involvement of the lungs, caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae and marked by high fever, cough, relatively few physical signs, and scattered densities on X-rays; usually associated with development of cold agglutinins and antibodies to the bacteria. ... Synonym: atypical pneumonia, …

mycoplasmas
Very tinymicroorganisms (usually spherical with a diameter of 0.3 to 0.8 micrometres, the smallest cells known) which are able to slip through most filters andare therefore often found as contaminating organisms in cultures, vaccines and other supposedly sterile preparations. Some types of mycoplasmas cause pneumonia. Mycoplasmal contamination is a …

mycoplasmataceae
A family of gram-negative, non-motile bacteria from human and animal sources. One saprophytic species is known. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mycoplasmatales
An order of highly pleomorphic, gram-negative bacteria including both pathogenic and saprophytic species. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mycoplasmatales infections
Infections with bacteria of the order mycoplasmatales. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mycoprotein
<protein> A protein or food product produced by fungus for human consumption. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

mycopus
Synonym for mucopus ... A mucopurulent discharge; a mixture of mucous material and pus. ... Synonym: mycopus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mycorrhiza
A symbiotic relationship between plant root cells and fungi. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

mycoside
<biochemistry, microbiology> Complex glycolipid found in mycobacterial cell wall. Nontoxic, nonimmunogenic molecules that influence the form of the colony and the susceptibility of the bacteria to bacteriophages. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

mycosis
<disease> Any disease caused by a fungus. ... (12 May 1997) ...

mycosis cutis chronica
A chronic dermatomycosis caused by a fungus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mycosis framboesioides
Synonym for yaws ... <medicine> A disease, occurring in the Antilles and in Africa, characterised by yellowish or reddish tumours, of a contagious character, which, in shape and appearance, often resemble currants, strawberries, or raspberries. There are several varieties of this disease, variously known as framboesia, pian, verrugas, and crab …

mycosis fungoides
<oncology, tumour> A form of nonHodgkin lymphoma that first appears on the skin (cutaneous T-cell lymphoma). This is a tumour of T lymphocytes that accumulate in the dermis and epidermis and cause loss of the epidermis. A frequent secondary feature is fungal infection of lesions in the skin. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

mycosis intestinalis
Gastroenteric form of anthrax, the symptoms of which are those of gastroenteritis followed by toxaemia and general depression. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mycostatic
Synonym for fungistatic ... <pharmacology> Inhibiting the growth of fungi. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

mycosterols
Sterols obtained from fungi. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mycotic
Pertaining to a mycosis, caused by fungi. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

mycotic aneurysm
<radiology> Aetiology, IV drug abuse, bacterial endocarditis (12%), immunocompromise (malignancy, EtOH, steroids, chemo, DM, etc.), S/P aortic valve surgery, CABG organism, S. Aureus (53%), Salmonella (33-50%), streptococcus Mycobacterium site, ascending aorta greater than visceral artery greater than intracranial artery greater than upper/lo …

mycotic arthritis
<pathology> Infection of a joint space by fungus. Common fungi that can cause mycotic arthritis include coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis, blastomycosis, cryptococcosis, sporotrichosis and candidiasis. Infection of a joint generally occurs as a result of a primary fungal infection in the lungs. Treatment is with antifungal agents (for exampl …

mycotic endocarditis
Endocarditis due to infection by fungi. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mycotic keratitis
An infection of the cornea of the eye caused by a fungus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mycotoxicosis
Poisoning caused by the ingestion of mycotoxins (toxins of fungal origin). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mycotoxin
<protein> Any poisonous substance produced by a fungus. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

mycotoxins
Toxic compounds produced by certain fungi, some of which are used for medicinal purposes; e.g., muscarine, psilocybin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mycovirus
A virus that infects fungi. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myd
<molecular biology> A gene that is involved in the determination of muscle cells. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

mydriatic
1. <ophthalmology> Dilating the pupil. ... 2. <pharmacology> Any drug that dilates the pupil. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

mydriatics
Agents that dilate the pupil. They may be either sympathomimetic or parasympatholytics. The latter cause cycloplegia or paralysis of accommodation at high doses and may precipitate glaucoma. Mydriatics are used in eye diseases and to facilitate eye examination. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

myectomy
<procedure> Excision of a portion of a muscle. ... Origin: G. Mys, muscle, + ektome, excision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myectopia
Rarely used term for dislocation of a muscle. ... Origin: G. Mys, muscle, + ektopos, out of place ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelaemia
Rarely used term for myelocytosis. ... Origin: myel-+ G. Haima, blood ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelapoplexy
Synonym: haematomyelia. ... Origin: myel-+ G. Apoplexia, apoplexy ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelatelia
Developmental defect of the spinal cord. ... Origin: myel-+ G. Ateleia, incompleteness ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelauxe
Hypertrophy of the spinal cord. ... Origin: myel-+ G. Auxe, increase ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelic
Relating to the spinal cord, or bone marrow. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelin
<anatomy, neurology, pathology> The material making up the myelin sheath of nerve axons. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

myelin basic protein
<protein> Major component of the myelin sheath in mammalian CNS. Used as an antigen will induce a allergic encephalitis, possibly a model for some neurodegenerative disorders. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

myelin basic protein kinase
<enzyme> Protein from pig brain activates ATP-mg-dependent protein phosphatase; a protein tau kinase; a multisubstrate kinase; in texts written as f subscript a ... Registry number: EC 2.7.1.- ... Synonym: protein phosphatase activator fa, glycogen synthase kinase 3, protein kinase f(a), gsk-3, gsk-3alpha, kinase f(a), gsk-3beta, mds1 gene prod …

myelin basic proteins
A group of 7 proteins produced from a single gene by alternate splicing found in central and peripheral nervous system myelin. The major basic protein (mbp) has long been of interest because it is the antigen, that, when injected into an animal, elicits a cellular immune response that produces the CNS autoimmune disease called experimental allergic …

myelin body
Synonym for myelin figure ... <cell biology> Structure that can form spontaneously when bilayer forming phospholipids (e.g. Egg lecithin) are added to water. They are reminiscent of the concentric layer structure of myelin. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

myelin figure
<cell biology> Structure that can form spontaneously when bilayer forming phospholipids (e.g. Egg lecithin) are added to water. They are reminiscent of the concentric layer structure of myelin. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

myelin p0 protein
A protein that accounts for more than half of the peripheral nervous system myelin protein. The extracellular domain of this protein is believed to engage in adhesive interactions and thus hold the myelin membrane compact. It can behave as a homophilic adhesion molecule through interactions with its extracellular domains. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

myelin p2 protein
A positively charged protein found in peripheral nervous system myelin. Sensitive immunological techniques have demonstrated that p2 is expressed in small amounts of central nervous system myelin sheaths of some species. It is an antigen for experimental allergic neuritis (neuritis, experimental allergic), the peripheral nervous system counterpart …

myelin protein A1
Synonym for encephalithogenic protein ... An important protein in the central nervous system. ... Synonym: myelin protein A1. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelin proteins
Proteins found in the myelin sheath. The major proteins of central nervous system myelin include: myelin proteolipid protein, myelin basic proteins, and myelin-associated glycoprotein. The major proteins of peripheral nervous system myelin include: myelin basic proteins (myelin p1 protein and myelin p2 protein), myelin p0 protein, and myelin-associ …

myelin proteolipid protein
A myelin protein that is the major component of the organic solvent extractable lipoprotein complexes of whole brain. It has been the subject of much study because of its unusual physical properties. It remains soluble in chloroform even after essentially all of its bound lipids have been removed. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

myelin sheath
<anatomy, neurology> An insulating layer surrounding vertebrate peripheral neurons, that dramatically increases the speed of conduction. It is formed by specialised Schwann cells, that can wrap around neurons up to 50 times. The exposed areas are called nodes of Ranvier: they contain very high densities of sodium channels and action potential …

myelin-associated glycoprotein
A myelin protein found in the periaxonal membrane of both the central and peripheral nervous systems myelin sheaths. It has a structure that is similar to members of the ig superfamily that participate in cell adhesion. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

myelinated
Having a myelin sheath. ... Synonym: medullated. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelinated nerve
<anatomy, nerve> A peripheral nerve whose axons are surrounded by layers of Schwann cell membranes that form the myelin sheath; also called medullated nerves. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelinated nerve fibre
An axon enveloped by a myelin sheath formed by oligodendroglia cells (in brain and spinal cord) or Schwann cells (in peripheral nerves). ... Synonym: medullated nerve fibre. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelination
The acquisition, development, or formation of a myelin sheath around a nerve fibre. ... Synonym: medullation, myelinization, myelinogenesis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelinic
Relating to myelin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelinic degeneration
Formation of myelin figures in the cytoplasm of cells, possibly by degradation or hydration of lipoprotein of self-digested organelles. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelinization
Synonym for myelination ... The acquisition, development, or formation of a myelin sheath around a nerve fibre. ... Synonym: medullation, myelinization, myelinogenesis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelinoclasis
Destruction of myelin. ... See: demyelination, dysmyelination. ... Origin: myelin + G. Klasis, a breaking ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelinogenesis
Synonym: myelination. ... Origin: myelin + G. Genesis, production ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelinolysis
Dissolution of the myelin sheaths of nerve fibres. ... Origin: myelin + G. Lysis, dissolution ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelinolysis, central pontine
A form of massive demyelination of the pons occurring in malnutrition and alcoholism. The remarkable unsystematic dissolution of the sheaths of medullated fibres is its most certain feature. The lesion varies from only a few millimeters in diameter to almost the entire pons. The basic pathology is the destruction of the medullated sheaths throughou …

myelinopathy
A disorder affecting the myelin of peripheral nerve fibres, in contrast to one affecting axons (axonopathy). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelitic
Relating to or affected by myelitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelitis
<pathology> An infection of the bone marrow. ... An inflammation or infectionof the spinal cord. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

myelitis, transverse
Myelitis in which the functional effect of the lesions spans the width of the entire cord at a given level. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

myelo-
1. The bone marrow. ... 2. The spinal cord and medulla oblongata. ... Compare: medullo-. ... 3. The myelin sheath of nerve fibres. ... Origin: G. Myelos, medulla, marrow ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myeloablative agonists
Agents that destroy bone marrow activity. They are used to prepare patients for bone marrow or stem cell transplantation. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

myeloarchitectonics
The pattern of myelinated nerve fibres in the brain, as distinguished from cytoarchitectonics. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myeloblast
<haematology> An immature cell produced by and found in bone marrow which gives rise to granular leukocytes. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

myeloblastemia
The presence of myeloblasts in the circulating blood. ... Origin: myeloblast + G. Haima, blood ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myeloblastic
<haematology> Immature cells of the myeloid series. ... (13 Nov 1997) ...

myeloblastic leukaemia
A form of granulocytic leukaemia in which there are large numbers of myeloblasts in various tissues (and organs) and in the circulating blood; the immature forms may amount to 30 to 60% (or even a greater proportion) of the increased total number of white blood cells. Used synonymously for acute granulocytic leukaemia. ... Synonym: leukaemic myelosi …

myeloblastic protein
See: human leukaemia-associated antigens. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myeloblastoma
<haematology, oncology> A type of leukaemia that develops from bone marrow cells. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

myeloblastosis
The presence of unusually large numbers of myeloblasts in the circulating blood, or tissues, or both (as in acute leukaemia). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myeloblastosis virus, avian
A species of avian type c retroviruses (retroviruses type c, avian) causing anaemia in fowl. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

myelocele
1. Protrusion of the spinal cord in spina bifida. ... Origin: myelo-+ G. Kele, hernia ... 2. The central canal of the spinal cord. ... Origin: G. Myelos, marrow, + koilia, a hollow ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelocyst
Any cyst (usually lined with columnar or cuboidal cells) that develops from a rudimentary medullary canal in the central nervous system. ... Origin: myelo-+ G. Kystis, bladder ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelocystic
Pertaining to or characterised by the presence of a myelocyst. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelocystocele
Spina bifida containing spinal cord substance. ... Origin: myelo-+ G. Kystis, bladder, + kele, tumour ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelocystomeningocele
<embryology> A congenital defect that is characterised by the protrusion of the membranes and cord through a defect in the vertebral column. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

myelocyte
A motile cell produced by and found in the bone marrow which develops intogranular leukocytes. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

myelocyte A
The youngest form of myelocyte, characterised by only a few (not more than ten) cytoplasmic granules, which are most reliably demonstrated by means of staining with neutral red; the mitochondria are numerous, and resemble those of the myeloblast. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelocyte B
The intermediate form of myelocyte, characterised by approximately 30 to 100 (or more) cytoplasmic granules scattered among the mitochondria; the latter are less numerous than in myelocyte's of the A stage, and they are frequently displaced toward the periphery of the cell. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelocyte C
The most mature of the myelocyte's characterised by numerous cytoplasmic granules that are recognizable as neutrophilic, eosinophilic, and basophilic; with neutral red these are stained, respectively, red, bright yellow, and deep maroon; C myelocyte's are frequently larger than earlier forms; if the nucleus is indented, the myelocyte is maturing in …

myelocythemia
The presence of myelocytes in the circulating blood, especially in persistently large numbers (as in myelocytic leukaemia). ... Origin: myelocyte + G. Haima, blood ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelocytic
Pertaining to or characterised by myelocytes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelocytic crisis
A temporary but conspicuous and sudden increase in cells of the myelocytic series in the circulating blood. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelocytic leukaemia
Synonym for granulocytic leukaemia ... <haematology, tumour> A form of leukaemia characterised by an uncontrolled proliferation of myelopoietic cells in the bone marrow and in extramedullary sites, and the presence of large numbers of immature and mature granulocytic forms in various tissues (and organs) and in the circulating blood. ... The to …