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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

myo-inositol-trisphosphate 3-kinase
<enzyme> Converts inositol triphosphate to 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate ... Registry number: EC 2.7.1.127 ... Synonym: inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate kinase, 1,4,5-intp kinase, inositol(1,4,5)p3 3-kinase, myo-inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate-3-kinase, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate kinase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

myo-inositol-trisphosphate 6-kinase
<enzyme> Forms inositol 1,3,4,6-tetrakisphosphate and inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate in a ratio of 5:1 ... Registry number: EC 2.7.1.133 ... Synonym: inositol 1,3,4-p3 kinase, ins 1,3,4-p3 kinase, myo-inositol 1,3,4-tris phosphate 6-kinase, inositol-1,3,4-trisphosphate 5,6-kinase, inositol-trisphosphate 6-kinase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

myoadenylate deaminase
Muscle AMP deaminase. ... See: AMP deaminase. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myoalbumin
Albumin in muscle tissue, possibly the same as serum albumin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myoarchitectonic
Relating to the structural arrangement of muscle or of fibres in general. ... Origin: myo-+ G. Architektonikos, relating to construction ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myoatrophy
Synonym for muscular atrophy ... Derangement in size and number of muscle fibres occurring with aging, reduction in blood supply, or following immobilization, prolonged weightlessness, malnutrition, and particularly in denervation. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

myoblast
<pathology> Cell that by fusion with other myoblasts gives rise to myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibres. The term is sometimes used for all the cells recognisable as immediate precursors of skeletal muscle fibres. Alternatively, the term is reserved for those post mitotic cells capable of fusion, others being referred …

myoblastic
Relating to a myoblast or to the mode of formation of muscle cells. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myoblastoma
<oncology, tumour> A benign tumour originating from muscle cells. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

myobradia
Sluggish reaction of muscle following stimulation. ... Origin: myo-+ G. Bradys, slow ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myocardia
Plural of myocardium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myocardial
Refers to the heart's muscle mass. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

myocardial biopsy
<procedure> A procedure which involves the removal of a small specimen of cardiac muscle tissue for microscopic analysis. ... This is generally performed at the same time as a cardiac catheterisation or as a very similar, yet separate, procedure. A small piece of heart tissue is taken via a small forceps inserted into the cardiac catheter site …

myocardial bridge
A bridge of cardiac muscle fibres extending over the epicardial aspect of a coronary artery; this finding, in cases of sudden unexpected death, has led to speculation that cardiac contraction during exertion could constrict the coronary artery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myocardial contraction
Contractile activity of the heart. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

myocardial contusion
A bruise to the heart muscle, usually caused by a blunt force applied to the anterior thorax (motor vehicle accident). Commonly seen in association with a rib or sternum fracture. Complications include cardiac arrhythmias and death. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

myocardial depressant factor
A low molecular weight peptide of about 800-1000 having a negative inotropic effect. It is released into the circulation during experimental haemorrhagic pancreatitis, severe ischemia, and postoligaemic shock. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

myocardial diseases
Diseases of the myocardium. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

myocardial infarct imaging
<radiology> Tc-99m pyrophosphate (PYP) 20 mCi, peak abnormality 2-3 days, often falsely negative before 2 days, abnormal for 7-10 days, mechanism: calcium influx into ischemic cells, PYP incorporated into crystalline structure, analogous to hydroxyapatite see: nuclear cardiology ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

myocardial infarction
A term used to describe irreversible injury to heart muscle. ... Synonym: heart attack. ... See: infarction. ... Common symptoms include substernal, crushing chest pain that may radiate to the jaw or arms. Chest pains may be associated with nausea, sweating and shortness of breath. ... Acronym: MI ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

myocardial insufficiency
Synonym for heart failure ... A condition where there is ineffective pumping of the heart leading to an accumulation of fluid in the lungs. Typical symptoms include shortness of breath with exertion, difficulty breathing when lying flat and leg or ankle swelling. Causes include chronic hypertension, cardiomyopathy and myocardial infarction. ... (27 S …

myocardial ischemia
A disorder of cardiac function caused by insufficient blood flow to the muscle tissue of the heart. The decreased blood flow may be due to narrowing of the coronary arteries (coronary arteriosclerosis), to obstruction by a thrombus (coronary thrombosis), or less commonly, to diffuse narrowing of arterioles and other small vessels within the heart. …

myocardial necrosis
Irreversible destruction of myocardial (heart muscle) cells. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

myocardial perfusion imaging
<radiology> (thallium scanning) thallium (Tl) 201, acts as potassium analog, dose 2.0 - 3.0 mCi at peak exercise, 4% of injected dose reaches myocardium, imaging: exercise (1-5 min), redistribution (3-4 hrs), views: anterior, LAO 45', left lateral, interpretation: normal, reversible abnormalitymost likely to be exercise-induced ischemia, nonr …

myocardial reperfusion
Generally, restoration of blood supply to heart tissue which is ischemic due to decrease in normal blood supply. The decrease may result from any source including atherosclerotic obstruction, narrowing of the artery, or surgical clamping. Reperfusion can be induced to treat ischemia. Methods include chemical dissolution of an occluding thrombus, ad …

myocardial reperfusion injury
Functional, metabolic, or structural changes in ischemic heart muscle thought to result from reperfusion to the ischemic areas. Changes can be fatal to muscle cells and may include oedema with explosive cell swelling and disintegration, sarcolemma disruption, fragmentation of mitochondria, contraction band necrosis, enzyme washout, and calcium over …

myocardial revascularization
The restoration of blood supply to the myocardium. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

myocardial rigor mortis
Synonym for ischemic contracture of the left ventricle ... Irreversible contraction of the left ventricle of the heart as a complication seen in the early period of cardiopulmonary bypass and now avoided by appropriate cardioplegic solutions. ... Synonym: myocardial rigor mortis, stone heart. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myocardial stunning
Prolonged dysfunction of the myocardium after a brief episode of severe ischemia, with gradual return of contractile activity. It occurs frequently, both in the experimental laboratory and in clinical medicine. Since stunned myocardium occurs adjacent to necrotic tissue after prolonged coronary occlusion, many myocardial infarcts may be a mixture o …

myocardiograph
An instrument composed of a tambour with recording lever attachment, by means of which a tracing is made of the movements of the heart muscle. ... Origin: myo-+ G. Kardia, heart, + grapho, to record ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myocardiopathy
Synonym: cardiomyopathy. ... Origin: myocardium + G. Pathos, suffering ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myocardiorrhaphy
Suture of the myocardium. ... Origin: myocardium + G. Rhaphe, suture ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myocarditic
Related to myocarditis (adjective). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myocarditis
<cardiology, pathology> Inflammation of the myocardium, inflammation of the muscular walls of the heart. ... Origin: Gr. Kardia = heart ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

myocardium
<anatomy> A term used to describe the middle layer of the heart wall (heart muscle). ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

myocardosis
An obsolete term for a condition marked by symptomatic signs of cardiac trouble without any discoverable pathologic lesion and for any degenerative condition of the heart muscle except myofibrosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myocele
1. Protrusion of muscle substance through a rent in its sheath. ... Origin: myo-+ G. Kele, hernia ... 2. The small cavity that appears in somites. ... Synonym: somite cavity. ... Origin: myo-+ G. Koilia, a cavity ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myocelialgia
An obsolete term for celiomyalgia. ... Origin: myo-+ G. Koilia, the belly, + algos, pain ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myocelitis
Inflammation of the abdominal muscles. ... Origin: myo-+ G. Koilia, belly, + -itis, inflammation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myocellulitis
Inflammation of muscle and cellular tissue. ... Origin: myo-+ Mod. L. Cellularis, cellular (tissue), + G. -itis, inflammation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myocerosis
Waxy degeneration of the muscles. ... Synonym: myokerosis. ... Origin: myo-+ G. Keros, wax ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myochronoscope
<instrument> An instrument for timing a muscular impulse, i.e., the interval between the application of the stimulus and the muscular movement in response. ... Origin: myo-+ G. Chronos, time, + skopeo, to examine ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myocinesimeter
Synonym for myokinesimeter ... A device for registering the exact time and extent of contraction of the larger muscles of the lower extremity in response to electric stimulation. ... Synonym: myocinesimeter. ... Origin: myo-+ G. Kinesis, movement, + metron, measure ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myoclonia
Any disorder characterised by myoclonus. ... Origin: myo-+ G. Klonos, a tumult ... Fibrillary myoclonia, the twitching of a limited part or group of fibres of a muscle. ... Synonym: tetanilla. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myoclonic
Showing myoclonus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myoclonic astatic epilepsy
A petit mal variant characterised by atonic (drop attacks) and tonic or tonic-clonic attacks in neurologically disabled (hemiplegic, ataxic, etc.) children with mental retardation; characterised in EEG by 2/sec spike and wave discharges; usually progresses in spite of medication. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myoclonic seizure
Seizure associated with single or repetitive myoclonic jerks. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myoclonus
Twitching or spasm of a muscle or a group of muscles. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

myoclonus epilepsy
A clinically diverse group of epilepsy syndromes, some benign, some progressive. Many are hereditary with mendelian and nonmendelian mitochondrial inheritance. All are characterised by the occurrence of myoclonus, which may be limited or predominate in the condition. Specific syndromes include cherry red spot myoclonus syndrome, ceroid lipofuscinos …

myoclonus multiplex
An ill-defined disorder marked by rapid and widespread muscle contractions. ... Synonym: paramyoclonus multiplex, polyclonia, polymyoclonus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myocolpitis
Inflammation of the muscular tissue of the vagina. ... Origin: myo-+ G. Kolpos, bosom (vagina), + -itis, inflammation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myocomma
Origin: NL. See Myo-, and Comma. ... <anatomy> A myotome. ... (01 Mar 1998) ...

myocrismus
A creaking sound sometimes heard on auscultation of a contracting muscle. ... Origin: myo-+ G. Krizo, to squeak ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myocutaneous
Synonym: musculocutaneous. ... Origin: myo-+ L. Cutis, skin ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myocutaneous flap
A pedicle skin flap, often an island flap, with an attached subjacent muscle and its investments and blood supply. ... Synonym: musculocutaneous flap, myodermal flap. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myocyte
A muscle cell. ... Origin: myo-+ G. Kytos, cell ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myocytolysis
Dissolution of muscle fibre. ... Origin: myo-+ G. Kytos, cell, + lysis, a loosening ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myocytolysis of heart
Local loss of myocardial syncytium as a result of a metabolic imbalance, insufficient in intensity or duration (or both) to cause stromal injury or to elicit any reactive exudation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myocytoma
<tumour> A benign neoplasm derived from muscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myoD
<molecular biology> Stands for myogenic determination. ... MyoD was described as a master regulatory gene for the determination of muscle cells, but muscle determination is now thought to involve a family of genes. It is normally only expressed in myoblasts and skeletal muscle cells, but if transfected into cells will convert many differentiat …

MyoD heavy chain kinase
<enzyme> Required for actin activation of the magnesium atpase activity of dictyostelium myosin id (myod); specific for myod ... Registry number: EC 2.7.1.- ... Synonym: 110-kD protein kinase, dictyostelium, dictyostelium 110-kD protein ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

myod protein
A myogenic regulatory factor that controls myogenesis. Though it is not clear how its function differs from the other myogenic regulatory factors, myod appears to be related to fusion and terminal differentiation of the muscle cell. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

myodegeneration
Muscular degeneration. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myodemia
Fatty degeneration of muscle. ... Origin: myo-+ G. Demos, tallow ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myodermal
Synonym: musculocutaneous. ... Origin: myo-+ G. Derma, skin ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myodermal flap
Synonym for myocutaneous flap ... A pedicle skin flap, often an island flap, with an attached subjacent muscle and its investments and blood supply. ... Synonym: musculocutaneous flap, myodermal flap. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myodiastasis
Separation of muscle. ... Origin: myo-+ G. Diastasis, separation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myodynamia
Muscular strength. ... Origin: myo-+ G. Dynamis, power ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myodynia
Synonym: myalgia. ... Origin: myo-+ G. Odyne, pain ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myodystony
A condition of slow relaxation, interrupted by a succession of slight contractions, following electrical stimulation of a muscle. ... Origin: myo-+ G. Dys-, difficult, + tonos, tone, tension ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myodystrophy
Myodystrophia ... Synonym: muscular dystrophy. ... Origin: myo-+ G. Dys-, difficult, poor, + trophe, nourishment ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myoedema
A localised contraction of a degenerating muscle, occurring at the point of a sharp blow, independent of the nerve supply. ... Synonym: idiomuscular contraction, mounding, myoidema. ... Origin: myo-+ G. Oidema, swelling ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myoelastic
Pertaining to closely associated smooth muscle fibres and elastic connective tissue. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myoelastic theory
A theory stating that sound of the human voice is produced by vibrations of the vocal cords resulting from folding upward due to air pressure below, and subsequent movement downward due to elastic tension of cords. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myoelectric
Relating to the electrical properties of muscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myoelectric complex, migrating
Bursts of depolarisation that move from the stomach to the ileocaecal valve at regular frequency during the interdigestive period. The complex and its accompanying motor activity periodically cleanse the bowel of interdigestive secretion and debris in preparation for the next meal. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

myoendocarditis
Inflammation of the muscular wall and lining membrane of the heart. ... Origin: myo-+ G. Endon, within, + kardia, heart, + -itis, inflammation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myoepicardial mantle
The dorsal wall of the primitive pericardium which, in the early somite embryo, becomes both the epicardium and the myocardium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myoepithelial cell
<pathology> Cell found between epithelium of exocrine glands (e.g. Salivary, sweat, mammary, mucous) and their basement membranes, which resembles a smooth muscle cell and is thought to be contractile. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

myoepithelioma
A benign tumour composed predominantly of myoepithelial cells. A pure myoepithelial neoplasm is rare. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

myoepithelium
Spindle-shaped, contractile, smooth muscle-like cells of epithelial origin that are arranged longitudinally or obliquely around sweat glands and the secretory alveoli of the mammary gland; stellate myoepithelial cells occur around lacrimal and some salivary gland secretory units. ... Synonym: muscle epithelium. ... Origin: myo-+ epithelium ... (05 Mar …

myoesthesis
Synonym for myesthesia ... The sensation felt in muscle when it is contracting; awareness of movement or activity in muscles or joints; sense of position or movement mediated in large part by the posterior columns and medial lemniscus. ... See: bathyesthesia. ... Synonym: deep sensibility, kinesthetic sense, mesoblastic sensibility, muscular sense, my …

myofacial pain-dysfunction syndrome
<syndrome> Dysfunction of the masticatory apparatus related to spasm of the muscles of mastication precipitated by occlusal dysharmony or alteration in vertical dimension of the jaws, and exacerbated by emotional stress; characterised by pain in the preauricular region, muscle tenderness, popping noise in the temporomandibular joint, and limi …

myofascial
Of or relating to the fascia surrounding and separating muscle tissue. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myofascial pain
<symptom> A large group of muscle disorders characterised by the presence of hypersensitive points, called trigger points, within one or more muscles and/or the investing connective tissue together with a syndrome of pain, muscle spasm, tenderness, stiffness, limitation of motion, weakness and occasionally autonomic dysfunction. ... (16 Dec 19 …

myofascial pain syndromes
Muscular pain in numerous body regions that can be reproduced by pressure on trigger points, localised hardenings in skeletal muscle tissue. Pain is referred to a location distant from the trigger points. A prime example is the temporomandibular joint dysfunction syndrome. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

myofascial syndrome
<syndrome> Irritation of the muscles and fascia of the back and neck causing acute and chronic pain not associated with any neurological or bony evidence of disease; presumed to arise primarily from poorly understood changes in the muscle and fascia themselves. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myofascitis
<pathology> An inflammation of the thin layer of fibrous tissue (fascia) that surrounds a muscle and attaches it to the bone. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

myofibril
<cell biology> Long cylindrical organelle of striated muscle, composed of regular arrays of thick and thin filaments and constituting the contractile apparatus. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

myofibrilla
Synonym for myofibril ... <cell biology> Long cylindrical organelle of striated muscle, composed of regular arrays of thick and thin filaments and constituting the contractile apparatus. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

myofibrillar
Pertaining or relating to myofibril. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myofibrils
Slender threads which can be rendered visible in a muscle fibre by maceration in certain acids. They run parallel with the long axis of the fibre, and are composed of numerous myofilaments ( = microfilaments). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

myofibroblast
<cell biology> Histological term for fibroblast like cells that contain substantial arrays of actin microfilaments, myosin and other muscle proteins arranged in such a way as to suggest that they produce contractile forces. Are commonly described as occurring in granulation tissue (formed during wound healing) and in certain forms of arterial …

myofibroma
<oncology, tumour> A tumour containing muscle and connective tissue cells. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

myofibromatosis
A condition characterised by multiple formations of myofibromas (leiomyoma). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

myofibrosis
Chronic myositis with diffuse hyperplasia of the interstitial connective tissue pressing upon and causing atrophy of the muscular tissue. ... Myofibrosis cordis, myofibrosis of the heart walls. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myofibrositis
Inflammation of the perimysium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myofilaments
The ultramicroscopic threads of filamentous proteins making up myofibrils in striated muscle. Thick ones contain myosin and thin ones actin; thick and thin myofilaments's also occur in smooth muscle fibres but are not regularly arranged in discrete myofibrils and thus do not impart a striated appearance to these cells. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myofunctional
1. Relating to function of muscles. ... 2. In dentistry, relating to the role of muscle function in the aetiology or correction of orthodontic problems. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myofunctional therapy
Therapy of malocclusion and other dental and speech disorders utilizing muscular exercises of the tongue and lips; most often intended to alter a tongue thrust swallowing pattern. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...