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 mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197


myelocytic leukemoid reaction
Leukocytosis of at least moderate degree, e.g., 50,000 or more per cu mm, with a few immature forms, e.g., 1 or 2% myelocytes, but chiefly mature polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the circulating blood; may be observed in association with tuberculosis, chronic osteomyelitis, various types of empyema, malaria, pneumococcal pneumonia, meningococcal men …

myelocytoma
A nodular focus or fairly well-circumscribed, relatively dense accumulation of myelocytes, as in certain tissues of persons with myelocytic leukaemia. ... Origin: myelocyte + G. -oma, tumour ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelocytomatosis
1. A form of tumour involving chiefly the myelocytes. ... Synonym: leukochloroma. ... 2. A rare leukosis of fowl marked by the presence of white tumours composed of myeloid cells, located principally along the sternum and in the liver. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelocytosis
The occurrence of abnormally large numbers of myelocytes in the circulating blood, or tissues, or both. ... Origin: myelocyte + G. -osis, condition ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelodiastasis
Softening and destruction of the spinal cord. ... Origin: myelo-+ G. Diastasis, separation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelodysplasia
Abnormal or defective formation of the bone marrow cells. ... Origin: Gr. Plassein = to form ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

myelodysplastic syndrome
<syndrome> A group of disorders characterised by low white blood cell counts, low platelet counts, and, in some cases, increased monocytes. The primary problem is in the bone marrow cellularity. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

myelodysplastic syndromes
Conditions in which the bone marrow shows qualitative and quantitative changes suggestive of a preleukaemic process, but having a chronic course that does not necessarily terminate as acute leukaemia. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

myelofibrosis
A progressive disease of the bone marrow where neoplastic bone marrow stem cells lodge and grow in multiple sites outside the bone marrow. Typically, there is enlargement of the spleen and a gradual replacement of the bone marrow elements by fibrosis (scarring), progressive anaemia and variable changes in the number of white blood cells and platele …

myelogenesis
1. Development of bone marrow. ... 2. Development of the central nervous system. ... 3. Formation of myelin around an axon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelogenetic
Myelogenic ... 1. Relating to myelogenesis. ... 2. Produced by or originating in the bone marrow. ... Synonym: myelogenous. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelogenic sarcoma
<tumour> Sarcoma originating in the bone marrow. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelogenous
Referring to myelocytes, a type of white blood cell. Also called myeloid. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

myelogone
Myelogonium ... An immature white blood cell of the myeloid series that is characterised by a relatively large, fairly deeply stained, finely reticulated nucleus that contains palely stained nucleoli, and a scant amount of rimlike, nongranular, moderately basophilic cytoplasm. Myelogones are difficult to distinguish from lymphoblasts and monoblasts, …

myelogram
<investigation> A diagnostic procedure where a radiopaque contrast dye is injected into the spinal canal. X-rays are then performed which reveal the anatomy of the spinal canal. Myelograms can be used to diagnosis disk disease, spinal stenosis and tumours of the spinal canal. MRI and CT scanning have largely displaced the use of this more inv …

myelography
<radiology> Contrast material, iohexol: 15 cc of 180, 10 ml of 240, pattern: intramedullary, cord widened (on 2 views!!), intradural - extramedullary, meniscus sign, extradural, featureless sac ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

myeloic
Pertaining to the tissue and precursor cells from which neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils are derived. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myeloid
Collective term for the nonlymphocyte groups of white blood cells. It includes cells from the granulocyte, monocyte and platelet lineages. ... (13 Nov 1997) ...

myeloid cell
<haematology, pathology> One of the two classes of marrow derived blood cells, includes megakaryocytes, erythrocyte precursors, mononuclear phagocytes and all the polymorphonuclear granulocytes. That all these are ultimately derived from one stem cell lineage is shown by the occurrence of the Philadelphia chromosome in these, but not lymphoid …

myeloid metaplasia
A progressive disease of the bone marrow where neoplastic bone marrow stem cells lodge and grow in multiple sites outside the bone marrow. Typically, there is enlargement of the spleen and a gradual replacement of the bone marrow elements by fibrosis (scarring), progressive anaemia and variable changes in the number of white blood cells and platele …

myeloid sarcoma
Synonym for granulocytic sarcoma ... <tumour> A malignant tumour of immature myeloid cells, frequently subperiosteal, associated with or preceding granulocytic leukaemia. ... See: chloroma. ... Synonym: myeloid sarcoma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myeloid series
The granulocytic and the erythrocytic series. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myeloid tissue
Bone marrow consisting of the developmental and adult stages of erythrocytes, granulocytes, and megakaryocytes in a stroma of reticular cells and fibres, with sinusoidal vascular channels. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myeloidosis
General hyperplasia of myeloid tissue. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myeloleukaemia
A form of leukaemia in which the abnormal cells are derived from myelopoietic tissue. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelolipoma
<oncology, tumour> A rare benign tumour of the adrenal gland. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

myelolymphocyte
Rarely used term for an abnormal form of the lymphocytic series in the bone marrow, and presumed to be formed in that tissue. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelolysis
Decomposition of myelin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myeloma
<oncology, tumour> A malignant tumour composed of plasma cells of the type normally found in the bone marrow. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

myeloma cell
<haematology, oncology> Neoplastic plasma cell. The proliferating plasma cells often replace all the others within the marrow, leading to immune deficiency and frequently there is destruction of the bone cortex. Because they are monoclonal in origin they secrete a monoclonal immunoglobulin. Bence Jones proteins are monoclonal immunoglobulin l …

myeloma protein
<haematology, oncology> The immunoglobulins and Bence Jones proteins secreted by myeloma cells. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

myelomalacia
Softening of the spinal cord. ... Origin: myelo-+ G. Malakia, a softness ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelomatosis
Synonym for multiple myeloma ... <oncology, tumour> See myeloma cell. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

myelomeningocele
A congenital defect in which the neural arches fail to close, so exposing the contents of the spinal canal posteriorly. Usually occurring in the lumbosacral region (lower back) of the spine. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

myelomere
Neuromere of the brain or spinal cord. ... Origin: myelo-+ G. Meros, part ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelomonocyte
A leukocyte that appears to resemble both myelocytes and monocytes in that nuclear chromatin is less condensed than in the myelocyte and the cytoplasm has few neutrophilic granules; such cells represent aberrant maturation, as occurs in myelomonocytic leukaemia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelomonocytic leukaemia
A variant of granulocytic leukaemia with monocytosis in the peripheral blood. ... Synonym: Naegeli type of monocytic leukaemia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myeloneuritis
Synonym for neuromyelitis ... Neuritis combined with spinal cord inflammation. ... Synonym: myeloneuritis. ... Origin: neuro-+ G. Myelos, marrow, + -itis, inflammation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelonic
Relating to the spinal cord. ... Origin: G. Myelon, fr. Myelos, marrow ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myeloparalysis
Synonym for spinal paralysis ... Loss of motor power due to a lesion of the spinal cord. ... Synonym: myeloparalysis, myeloplegia, rachioplegia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelopathic
Relating to myelopathy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelopathic anaemia
<haematology> Any anaemia condition which arises from a space occupying lesion in the bone marrow. The circulating blood contains immature cells of the granulocytic series and nucleated red blood cells, frequently in numbers that are disproportionately large in relation to the degree of anaemia. ... Origin: Gr. Haima = blood ... (27 Sep 1997)
myelopathy
<pathology> Any disease affecting the spinal cord. ... Origin: Gr. Pathos = disease ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

myelopetal
Proceeding in a direction toward the spinal cord; said of different nerve impulses. ... Origin: myelo-+ L. Peto, to seek ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelophthisic
Relating to or suffering from myelophthisis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelophthisic anaemia
<haematology> Any anaemia condition which arises from a space occupying lesion in the bone marrow. The circulating blood contains immature cells of the granulocytic series and nucleated red blood cells, frequently in numbers that are disproportionately large in relation to the degree of anaemia. ... Origin: Gr. Haima = blood ... (27 Sep 1997)
myelophthisis
1. Wasting or atrophy of the spinal cord as in tabes dorsalis. ... 2. Replacement of haemopoietic tissue in the bone marrow by abnormal tissue, usually fibrous tissue or malignant tumours which are most commonly metastatic carcinomas. ... Synonym: panmyelophthisis. ... Origin: myelo-+ G. Phthisis, a wasting away ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myeloplast
Any of the leukocytic series of cells in the bone marrow, especially young forms. ... Origin: myelo-+ G. Plastos, formed ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myeloplegia
Synonym: spinal paralysis. ... Origin: myelo-+ G. Plege, a stroke ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelopoiesis
Formation of the tissue elements of bone marrow, or any of the types of blood cells derived from bone marrow; or both processes. ... Origin: myelo-+ G. Poiesis, a making ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelopoietic
Relating to myelopoiesis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myeloproliferative
Pertaining to or characterised by unusual proliferation of myelopoietic tissue. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myeloproliferative disorders
A group of disease states which primarily involve the bone marrow and the production blood cells. ... Examples include polycythaemia vera, leukaemia, myelofibrosis and primary thrombocytopenia. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

myeloproliferative syndromes
A group of conditions that result from a disorder in the rate of formation of cells of the bone marrow, including chronic granulocytic leukaemia, erythraemia, myelosclerosis, panmyelosis, and erythraemic myelosis and erythroleukaemia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myeloradiculitis
Inflammation of the spinal cord and nerve roots. ... Origin: myelo-+ L. Radicula, root, + G. -itis, inflammation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myeloradiculodysplasia
Congenital maldevelopment of the spinal cord and spinal nerve roots. ... Origin: myelo-+ L. Radicula, root, + dysplasia ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myeloradiculopathy
Disease involving the spinal cord and nerve roots. ... Synonym: radiculomyelopathy. ... Origin: myelo-+ L. Radicula, root, + G. Pathos, disease ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myeloradiculopolyneuronitis
Synonym for acute idiopathic polyneuritis ... <neurology, syndrome> Acute infective polyneuritis that results in a form of peripheral neuropathy with temporary loss of movement and sensation due to inflammation of multiple nerves and loss of myelin. ... The exact cause is unknown but has been associated with an abnormal immune response to viral …

myelorrhagia
Synonym: haematomyelia. ... Origin: myelo-+ G. Rhegnymi, to burst forth ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelorrhaphy
Suture of a wound of the spinal cord. ... Origin: myelo-+ G. Rhaphe, a seam ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelosarcoma
<tumour> Obsolete term for a malignant neoplasm derived from bone marrow or one of its cellular elements. ... Origin: myelo-+ G. Sarx, flesh, + -oma, tumour ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelosarcomatosis
An obsolete term for widespread myelosarcomas. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myeloschisis
Cleft spinal cord resulting from failure of the neural folds to close normally in the formation of the neural tube; inevitably spina bifida is a sequel. ... Origin: myelo-+ G. Schisis, a cleaving ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelosclerosis
Synonym for myelofibrosis ... A progressive disease of the bone marrow where neoplastic bone marrow stem cells lodge and grow in multiple sites outside the bone marrow. Typically, there is enlargement of the spleen and a gradual replacement of the bone marrow elements by fibrosis (scarring), progressive anaemia and variable changes in the number of …

myelosis
1. A condition characterised by abnormal proliferation of tissue or cellular elements of bone marrow, e.g., multiple myeloma, myelocytic leukaemia, myelofibrosis. ... 2. A condition in which there is abnormal proliferation of medullary tissue in the spinal cord, as in a glioma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelospongium
The fibrocellular meshwork in the spinal cord of the embryo, from which the neuroglia is developed. ... Origin: myelo-+ G. Spongos, sponge ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelosuppression
<haematology, oncology> The suppression of bone marrow activity, resulting in reduction in the number of platelets, red cells and white cells found in the circulation. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

myelosyphilis
Synonym for tabetic neurosyphilis ... See Tabes dorsalis. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

myelosyringosis
Synonym for syringomyelia ... <radiology> Syrinx, congenital: 90% associated with Arnold-Chiari, acquired: trauma, tumour, infection, haemorrhage, syringomyelia dissection of cerebrospinal fluid within cord no ependymal lining, hydromyelia dilatation of central canal lined by ependyma associated with, myelomeningocele, Arnold-Chiari malformati …

myelotome
An instrument used in making serial sections of the spinal cord or for incising the spinal cord. ... Origin: myelo-+ G. Tomos, cutting ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelotomography
Tomography of the spinal subarachnoid space opacified with contrast medium; an obsolete procedure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelotomy
<procedure> Incision of the spinal cord. ... Origin: myelo-+ G. Tome, incision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myelotoxic
1. <pharmacology> Toxicity or destruction of the bone marrow. ... 2. <haematology> Arising from diseased bone marrow. ... Origin: Gr. Toxikon = poison ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

myenteric
Relating to the muscular coat of the intestine. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

myenteric plexus
One of two ganglionated neural networks which together form the enteric nervous system. The myenteric (auerbach's) plexus is located between the longitudinal and circular muscle layers of the gut. Its neurons project to the circular muscle, to other myenteric ganglia, to submucosal ganglia, or directly to the epithelium, and play an important role …

myenteric reflex
Contraction above and relaxation below a stimulated point in the intestine. ... Synonym: law of intestine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myenteron
The muscular coat, or muscularis, of the intestine. ... Origin: G. Mys, muscle, + enteron, intestine ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myesthesia
The sensation felt in muscle when it is contracting; awareness of movement or activity in muscles or joints; sense of position or movement mediated in large part by the posterior columns and medial lemniscus. ... See: bathyesthesia. ... Synonym: deep sensibility, kinesthetic sense, mesoblastic sensibility, muscular sense, myoesthesis, myoesthesia. …

myf 5
<molecular biology> Member of the myoD family of muscle regulatory genes/proteins. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

myf 6
Synonym for herculin ... <protein> Product of the muscle regulatory gene Myf 6. ... Synonym: muscle regulatory factor 4. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

mygale
<zoology> A genus of very large hairy spiders having four lungs and only four spinnerets. They do not spin webs, but usually construct tubes in the earth, which are often furnished with a trapdoor. The South American bird spider (Mygale avicularia), and the crab spider, or matoutou (M. Cancerides) are among the largest species. Some of the sp …

myiasis
The invasion of living tissues of man and other mammals by dipterous larvae. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

myiasis oestruosa
Myiasis due to a species of the family Oestridae, the gadflies or botflies. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myitis
Synonym: myositis. ... Origin: G. Mys, muscle, + -itis, inflammation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mykol
Synonym for mycolic acids ... Long-chain cyclopropanecarboxylic acids (C19-C21), further substituted by long-chain (C24-C30) alkanes containing free hydroxyl groups, found in certain bacteria; these waxy substances appear to be responsible for the acid-fastness of the bacteria that contain them. ... Synonym: mykol. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mylabris
The dried beetle, Mylabris phalerata; a vesicant similar to cantharis. ... Origin: G. A cockroach found in mills and bakehouses, fr. Myle, mill ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myleosuppression
A decrease in the ability of the bone marrow cells to produce blood cells, including red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets. This condition increases susceptibility to infection and produces fatigue. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

mylohyoid
<anatomy> Pertaining to, or in the region of, the lower jaw and the hyoid apparatus; as, the mylohyoid nerve. ... <anatomy, muscle> Origin, mylohyoid line of mandible; insertion, upper border of hyoid bone and raphe separating muscle from its fellow; action, elevates floor of mouth and the tongue, depresses jaw when hyoid is fixed; nerve …

mylohyoid artery
<anatomy, artery> Branch of inferior alveolar artery to the mylohyoid muscle. ... Synonym: ramus mylohyoideus arteriae alveolaris inferioris, arteriae alveolaris inferioris. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mylohyoid fossa
Synonym for mylohyoid groove ... A groove on the medial surface of the ramus of the mandible beginning at the lingula; it lodges the mylohyoid artery and nerve. ... Synonym: sulcus mylohyoideus, mylohyoid fossa. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mylohyoid groove
A groove on the medial surface of the ramus of the mandible beginning at the lingula; it lodges the mylohyoid artery and nerve. ... Synonym: sulcus mylohyoideus, mylohyoid fossa. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mylohyoid line
A ridge on the inner surface of the mandible running from a point inferior to the mental spine upward and backward to the ramus behind the last molar tooth; it gives attachment to the mylohyoid muscle and the lowermost part of the superior constrictor of the pharynx. ... Synonym: linea mylohyoidea, internal oblique line, mylohyoid ridge. ... (05 Mar …

mylohyoid nerve
<anatomy, nerve> A small branch of the inferior alveolar nerve given off posteriorly just before the nerve enters the mandibular foramen, distributed to the anterior belly of the digastric muscle and to the mylohyoid muscle. ... Synonym: nervus mylohyoideus, nerve to mylohyoid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mylohyoid ridge
Synonym for mylohyoid line ... A ridge on the inner surface of the mandible running from a point inferior to the mental spine upward and backward to the ramus behind the last molar tooth; it gives attachment to the mylohyoid muscle and the lowermost part of the superior constrictor of the pharynx. ... Synonym: linea mylohyoidea, internal oblique line …

mylohyoideus
Synonym for mylohyoid ... <anatomy> Pertaining to, or in the region of, the lower jaw and the hyoid apparatus; as, the mylohyoid nerve. ... <anatomy, muscle> Origin, mylohyoid line of mandible; insertion, upper border of hyoid bone and raphe separating muscle from its fellow; action, elevates floor of mouth and the tongue, depresses jaw w …

myna
<zoology> Any one of numerous species of Asiatic starlings of the genera Acridotheres, Sturnopastor, Sturnia, Gracula, and allied genera. In habits they resemble the European starlings, and like them are often caged and taught to talk. See Hill myna, under Hill, and Mino bird. [Spelt also mynah. ... See: Mino bird. ... Source: Websters Dictiona …

myo-
<prefix> A combining form of Gr, a muscle; as, myograph, myochrome. ... (29 Oct 1998) ...

myo-inositol
1,2,3,5/4,6-Inositol;a constituent of various phosphatidylinositols and the most widely distributed form of inositol found in microorganisms, higher plants, and animals. In plants, it is found as phytic acid and as phytin; partially phosphorylated and free forms occur throughout nature, and in many tissues. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myo-inositol-1-phosphate synthase
<enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the formation of myo-inositol-1-phosphate from glucose-6-phosphate in the presence of NAD. ... Chemical name: 1L-myo-Inositol-1-phosphate lyase (isomerizing) ... Registry number: EC 5.5.1.4 ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

myo-inositol-4-phosphatase
<enzyme> Brain and liver enzymes are li-sensitive ... Registry number: EC 3.1.3.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...