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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

musculus transversalis nasi
See: nasalis muscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

musculus transversospinalis
Synonym for transversospinalis muscle ... <anatomy> The group of muscles that originate from transverse processes of vertebrae and pass to spinous processes of higher vertebrae; they act as rotators and include the semispinalis (capitis, cervicis, thoracis), multifidus, and rotatores (cervicis, thoracis, lumborum) muscles. All are innervated b …

musculus transversus abdominis
Synonym for transversus abdominis ... <anatomy, muscle> Origin, seventh to twelfth costal cartilages, lumbar fascia, iliac crest, and inguinal ligament; insertion, xiphoid cartilage and linea alba and, through the conjoint tendon, pubic tubercle and pecten; action, compresses abdominal contents; nerve supply, lower thoracic. ... Synonym: muscul …

musculus transversus auriculae
Synonym for transverse auricular muscle ... <anatomy> A band of sparse muscular fibres on the cranial surface of the auricle, extending from the eminence of the concha to the eminence of the scapha. ... Synonym: musculus transversus auriculae, transverse muscle of auricle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

musculus transversus linguae
Synonym for transverse muscle of tongue ... An intrinsic muscle of the tongue, the fibres of which arise from the septum and radiate to the dorsum and sides; action, decreases lateral dimension of the tongue; nerve supply, hypoglossal for motor, lingual for sensory. ... Synonym: musculus transversus linguae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

musculus transversus menti
Synonym for transversus menti muscle ... <anatomy> Inconstant fibres of the depressor anguli oris musculus continue into the neck and cross to the opposite side inferior to the chin. ... Synonym: musculus transversus menti, transverse muscle of chin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

musculus transversus nuchae
Synonym for transversus nuchae muscle ... <anatomy> An occasional muscle passing between the tendons of the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid, possibly a fasciculus of the posterior auricular muscle. ... Synonym: musculus transversus nuchae, transverse muscle of nape. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

musculus transversus thoracis
transversus thoracis muscle ...

musculus trapezius
Synonym for trapezius ... <anatomy, muscle> Origin, medial third of superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of seventh cervical and the thoracic vertebrae and corresponding supraspinous ligaments; insertion, lateral third of posterior surface of clavicle, anterior side of acromion, and upper …

musculus triangularis
Synonym: triangular muscle. ... Synonym: depressor anguli oris muscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

musculus triangularis sterni
Synonym for transversus thoracis ... <anatomy, muscle> Origin, dorsal surface of xiphoid cartilage and lower portion of dorsal surface of body of sternum; insertion, second to sixth costal cartilages; action, contributes to depression of ribs, narrowing chest; nerve supply, intercostal. ... Synonym: musculus transversus thoracis, musculus trian …

musculus triceps brachii
Synonym for triceps brachii ... <anatomy, muscle> Origin, long or scapular head: lateral border of scapula below glenoid fossa, lateral head: lateral and posterior surface of humerus below greater tubercle, medial head: posterior surface of humerus below radial groove; insertion, olecranon of ulna; action, extends elbow; nerve supply, radial.< …

musculus triceps coxae
Synonym for triceps coxae muscle ... <anatomy> The obturator internus and superior and inferior gemellus muscles considered as one muscle, inserting via a single tendon into the greater trochanter of the femur. ... Synonym: musculus triceps coxae, triceps muscle of hip. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

musculus triceps surae
Synonym for triceps surae muscle ... <anatomy> The two bellies of the gastrocnemius and soleus considered as one muscle. ... Synonym: musculus triceps surae, triceps muscle of calf. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

musculus triticeoglossus
An occasional thin band of muscular fibres passing between the root of the tongue and the triticeal cartilage. ... Synonym: Bochdalek's muscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

musculus unipennatus
Synonym for unipennate muscle ... <anatomy> A muscle with a lateral tendon to which the fibres are attached obliquely, like one half of a feather. ... Synonym: musculus unipennatus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

musculus uvulae
Synonym for uvulae ... <anatomy, muscle> Origin, posterior nasal spine; insertion, forms chief bulk of the uvula; action, raises the uvula; nerve supply, pharyngeal plexus. ... Synonym: musculus uvulae, muscle of uvula, musculus azygos uvulae, palatouvularis muscle, uvularis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

musculus vastus externus
Synonym for vastus lateralis ... <anatomy, muscle> Origin, lateral lip of linea aspera as far as great trochanter; insertion, tibial tuberosity by way of common tendon of quadriceps femoris and patellar ligament; action, extends leg; nerve supply, femoral. ... Synonym: musculus vastus lateralis, lateral great muscle, lateral vastus muscle, musc …

musculus vastus intermedius
Synonym for vastus intermedius ... <anatomy, muscle> Origin, upper three-fourths of anterior surface of shaft of femur; insertion, tibial tuberosity by way of common tendon of quadriceps femoris and patellar ligament; action, extends leg; nerve supply, femoral. ... Synonym: musculus vastus intermedius, crureus, femoral muscle, intermediate grea …

musculus vastus internus
Synonym for vastus medialis ... <anatomy, muscle> Origin, medial lip of linea aspera; insertion, tibial tuberosity by way of common tendon of quadriceps femoris and ligamentum patellae; action, extends leg; nerve supply, femoral. ... Synonym: musculus vastus medialis, medial great muscle, medial vastus muscle, musculus vastus internus. ... (05 M …

musculus vastus lateralis
Synonym for vastus lateralis ... <anatomy, muscle> Origin, lateral lip of linea aspera as far as great trochanter; insertion, tibial tuberosity by way of common tendon of quadriceps femoris and patellar ligament; action, extends leg; nerve supply, femoral. ... Synonym: musculus vastus lateralis, lateral great muscle, lateral vastus muscle, musc …

musculus vastus medialis
Synonym for vastus medialis ... <anatomy, muscle> Origin, medial lip of linea aspera; insertion, tibial tuberosity by way of common tendon of quadriceps femoris and ligamentum patellae; action, extends leg; nerve supply, femoral. ... Synonym: musculus vastus medialis, medial great muscle, medial vastus muscle, musculus vastus internus. ... (05 M …

musculus ventricularis
Fibres of the thyroarytenoid which pass into the vestibular fold (false vocal cord). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

musculus verticalis linguae
Synonym for vertical muscle of tongue ... An intrinsic muscle of the tongue, consisting of fibres that pass from the aponeurosis of the dorsum to the aponeurosis of the inferior surface; action, decreases the superior to inferior dimension of (flattens) the tongue; nerve supply, hypoglossal for motor, lingual for sensory. ... Synonym: musculus vertic …

musculus vocalis
Synonym for vocalis ... <anatomy, muscle> Origin, depression between the two laminae of thyroid cartilage; insertion, portions of vocal process of arytenoid; action, shortens and relaxes vocal cords; nerve supply, recurrent laryngeal; a number of the deeper and finer fibres of the thyroaryteroid muscle attached directly to the outer side of th …

musculus zygomaticus
Synonym for zygomaticus major ... <anatomy, muscle> Origin, zygomatic bone anterior to temporozygomatic suture; insertion, muscles at angle of mouth; action, draws upper lip upward and laterally; nerve supply, facial. ... Synonym: musculus zygomaticus major, greater zygomatic muscle, musculus zygomaticus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

musculus zygomaticus major
Synonym for zygomaticus major ... <anatomy, muscle> Origin, zygomatic bone anterior to temporozygomatic suture; insertion, muscles at angle of mouth; action, draws upper lip upward and laterally; nerve supply, facial. ... Synonym: musculus zygomaticus major, greater zygomatic muscle, musculus zygomaticus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

musculus zygomaticus minor
Synonym for zygomaticus minor ... <anatomy, muscle> Origin, zygomatic bone posterior to zygomaticomaxillary suture; insertion, orbicularis oris of upper lip; action, draws upper lip upward and outward; nerve supply, facial. ... Synonym: musculus zygomaticus minor, caput zygomaticum quadrati labii superioris, lesser zygomatic muscle. ... (05 Mar …

muse
1. One of the nine goddesses who presided over song and the different kinds of poetry, and also the arts and sciences; often used in the plural. 'Granville commands; your aid, O Muses, bring: What Muse for Granville can refuse to sing?' (Pope) ... The names of the Muses were Calliope, Clio, Erato, Euterpe, Melpomene, Polymnia or Polyhymnia, Terpsich …

mushbite
A maxillomandibular record made by introducing a mass of soft wax into the patient's mouth and instructing the patient to bite into it to the desired degree; not a generally accepted procedure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mushroom
1. <botany> An edible fungus (Agaricus campestris), having a white stalk which bears a convex or oven flattish expanded portion called the pileus. This is whitish and silky or somewhat scaly above, and bears on the under side radiating gills which are at first flesh-coloured, but gradually become brown. The plant grows in rich pastures and is …

mushroom poisoning
Poisoning from ingestion of mushrooms, primarily from, but not restricted to, toxic varieties. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mushroom-worker's lung
<chest medicine> Extrinsic allergic alveolitis caused by inhalation of spores of the mold Thermopolyspora polyspora, Thermoactinomyces vulgaris, Micropolyspora faeni or Micromonospora vulgaris from contaminated mushrooms under cultivation or mushroom compost. ... (22 Sep 2002) ...

music
1. The science and the art of tones, or musical sounds, i.e, sounds of higher or lower pitch, begotten of uniform and synchronous vibrations, as of a string at various degrees of tension; the science of harmonical tones which treats of the principles of harmony, or the properties, dependences, and relations of tones to each other; the art of combin …

music blindness
Synonym for musical alexia ... Loss of the ability to read music. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

music therapy
<psychiatry> A form of distraction that uses music as an aid to relaxation. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

musical
Of or pertaining to music; having the qualities of music; or the power of producing music; devoted to music; melodious; harmonious; as, musical proportion; a musical voice; musical instruments; a musical sentence; musical persons. Musical, or Music, box, a box or case containing apparatus moved by clockwork so as to play certain tunes automatically …

musical agraphia
An inability to write musical notation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

musical alexia
Loss of the ability to read music. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

musical murmur
A cardiac or vascular murmur having a high-pitched musical character. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

musician's cramp
An occupational dystonia, affecting those who play on musical instruments, and named usually according to the instrument played upon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

musicotherapy
An adjunctive treatment of mental disorders by means of music. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

musk
1. A substance of a reddish brown colour, and when fresh of the consistence of honey, obtained from a bag being behind the navel of the male musk deer. It has a slightly bitter taste, but is specially remarkable for its powerful and enduring odour. It is used in medicine as a stimulant antispasmodic. The term is also applied to secretions of variou …

MuSK kinase
<enzyme> Specific to skeletal muscle; genbank u34985 ... Registry number: EC 2.7.1.- ... Synonym: muscle-spefic kinase musk ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

muskeag moss
Synonym for sphagnum moss ... A highly absorbent moss used as a substitute for absorbent cotton or gauze in surgical dressing and sanitary napkins. ... Synonym: muskeag moss, peat moss. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

musket
1. <zoology> The male of the sparrow hawk. ... 2. A species of firearm formerly carried by the infantry of an army. It was originally fired by means of a match, or matchlock, for which several mechanical appliances (including the flintlock, and finally the percussion lock) were successively substituted. This arm has been generally superseded b …

muskrat
1. <zoology> A North American aquatic fur-bearing rodent (Fibre zibethicus). It resembles a rat in colour and having a long scaly tail, but the tail is compressed, the bind feet are webbed, and the ears are concealed in the fur. It has scent glands which secrete a substance having a strong odour of musk. Called also musquash, musk beaver, and …

mussel
1. <zoology> Any one of many species of marine bivalve shells of the genus Mytilus, and related genera, of the family Mytidae. The common mussel (Mytilus edulis), and the larger, or horse, mussel (Modiola modiolus), inhabiting the shores both of Europe and America, are edible. The former is extensively used as food in Europe. ... 2. <zoolog …

mussels
Marine bivalve mollusks especially of the genus mytilus or freshwater bivalve mollusks, especially the genera unio and anodonta. The edible mussel is mytilus edulis. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Musset, L Alfred de
<person> French poet, 1810-1857; person in whom Musset's sign was studied. ... See: Musset's sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Musset's sign
<clinical sign> In incompetence of the aortic valve, rhythmical nodding of the head, synchronous with the heart beat. ... Synonym: de Musset's sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mussitation
Movements of the lips as if speaking, but without sound; observed in delirium and in semicoma. ... Origin: L. Mussito, to murmur constantly, fr. Musso, pp. -atus, to mutter ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mustache
1. That part of the beard which grows on the upper lip; hair left growing above the mouth. ... 2. <zoology> A West African monkey (Cercopithecus cephus). It has yellow whiskers, and a triangular blue mark on the nose. ... 3. <zoology> Any conspicuous stripe of colour on the side of the head, beneath the eye of a bird. ... Alternative forms …

mustang
<zoology> The half-wild horse of the plains in Mexico, California, etc. It is small, hardy, and easily sustained. ... <botany> Mustard grape, a species of grape (Vitis candicans), native in Arkansas and Texas. The berries are small, light-coloured, with an acid skin and a sweet pulp. ... Origin: Sp. Musteno belonging to the graziers, stra …

mustard
1. <botany> The name of several cruciferous plants of the genus Brassica (formerly Sinapis), as white mustard (B. Alba), black mustard (B. Nigra), wild mustard or charlock (B. Sinapistrum). ... There are also many herbs of the same family which are called mustard, and have more or less of the flavor of the true mustard; as, bowyer's mustard (L …

mustard chlorohydrin
Synonym for hemisulfur mustard ... 2-(2-chloroethylthio)ethanol ... An antineoplastic agent. ... Synonym: mustard chlorohydrin, semisulfur mustard. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mustard compounds
Strong alkylating and immunosuppressive agents whose biological activity is based on the presence of bis(2-chloroethyl)- groups. Although otherwise structurally diverse, the compounds have in common the capacity to contribute alkyl groups to DNA. They are generally highly toxic but include among their number many widely used and effective antineopl …

mustard gas
<chemical> 1,1'-thiobis(2-chloroethane). Severe irritant and vesicant of skin, eyes, and lungs. It may cause blindness and lethal lung oedema and was formerly used as a war gas. The substance has been proposed as a cytostatic and for treatment of psoriasis. It has been listed as a known carcinogen in the fourth annual report on carcinogens (n …

mustard oil
<chemistry> Mustard oil, a substance obtained from mustard, as a transparent, volatile and intensely pungent oil. The name is also extended to a number of analogous compounds produced either naturally or artificially. ... Term applied to any of the organic isothiocyanates in general, but more specifically to allyl isothiocyanate; such oils are …

Mustard operation
Correction, at the atrial level, of haemodynamic abnormality due to transposition of the great arteries by an intraatrial baffle to direct pulmonary venous blood through the tricuspid orifice into the right ventricle and the systemic venous blood through the mitral valve into the left ventricle. ... Synonym: Mustard procedure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Mustard procedure
Synonym for Mustard operation ... Correction, at the atrial level, of haemodynamic abnormality due to transposition of the great arteries by an intraatrial baffle to direct pulmonary venous blood through the tricuspid orifice into the right ventricle and the systemic venous blood through the mitral valve into the left ventricle. ... Synonym: Mustard …

Mustard, W
<person> Canadian thoracic surgeon, *1914. ... See: Mustard operation, Mustard procedure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mustine hydrochloride
Synonym for mechlorethamine hydrochloride ... 2,2'-Dichloro-N-methyldiethylamine hydrochloride; methyl-bis(beta-chloroethyl)amine hydrochloride; nitrogen mustard hydrochloride;it is cytotoxic for all cells, but with a special affinity for bone marrow, lymphatic tissues, and rapidly proliferating cells of certain neoplasms. Used for the palliative tr …

mutacism
Synonym for mytacism ... A form of stammering in which the letter m is frequently substituted for other consonants. ... Synonym: mutacism. ... Origin: G. My, the letter u ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mutagen
<chemistry, oncology> An agent that can cause an increase in the rate of mutation, includes X-rays, ultraviolet irradiation (260 nm) and various chemicals. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

mutagenesis
The development of mutations. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

mutagenesis, insertional
Mutagenesis where the mutation is caused by the introduction of foreign DNA sequences into a gene. This may occur spontaneously in vivo or be experimentally induced in vivo or in vitro. Proviral DNA can be inserted into or adjacent to a cellular proto-oncogene. Insertion of the provirus can cause mutations by interrupting coding sequences or regula …

mutagenesis, site-directed
Mutagenesis where the mutation is caused by in vitro induction directed at a specific site in a DNA molecule. The most common method involves use of a chemically synthesised oligonucleotide mutant which can hybridise with the DNA target molecule. The resulting mismatch-carrying DNA duplex may then be transfected into a bacterial cell line and the m …

mutagenic
<genetics, molecular biology> Inducing genetic mutation. ... Origin: Gr. Gennan = to produce ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

mutagenicity test
<investigation> Range of tests using biological systems to see whether compounds can cause mutations. ... (14 Nov 1997) ...

mutagenicity tests
Tests of chemical substances and physical agents for mutagenic potential. They include microbial, insect, mammalian cell, and whole animal tests. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mutagens
Chemical agents that increase the rate of genetic mutation by interfering with the function of nucleic acids. A clastogen is a specific mutagen that causes breaks in chromosomes. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mutan synthetase
<enzyme> Streptococcus mutans enzyme synthesises water-insoluble glucan with mainly alpha-1,3 linkages; a virulence factor in dental caries ... Registry number: EC 2.4.1.- ... Synonym: mutansynthetase, 1,3-alpha-d-glucan synthase, sucrose-1,3-alpha-glucan 3-alpha-glucosyltransferase, glucosyltransferase b, gtfb protein ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

mutant
<biology, genetics> Refer to an organism, population, gene, or chromosome, etc. Which differs from the corresponding wild type by one or more mutations. ... (13 Nov 1997) ...

mutant gene
A gene that has been changed from an ancestral type, not necessarily in the current generation. ... See: mutant, mutation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mutarotase
Synonym for aldose 1-epimerase ... <enzyme> An enzyme catalyzing the reversible interconversion of alpha-and beta-aldoses (e.g., alpha-and beta-d-glucose); also acts on l-arabinose, d-xylose, d-galactose, maltose, and lactose. ... Synonym: aldose mutarotase, mutarotase. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mutarotation
<chemistry> Name given to the phenomenon that occurs when glucose is dissolved in water. There is an equilibrium that is formed between the open-chain form and the alpha and beta pyranose forms. The beta is the most stable conformation because it puts the -OH in an equatorial position and thus most of the glucose in the aqueous solution is in …

mutase
<enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the switching of functional groups on a molecule. ... (13 Nov 1997) ...

mutate
Change in the genetic material (DNA) inside the cell. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

mutation
1. A change in form, quality or some other characteristic. ... 2. <genetics> A permanent transmissible change in the genetic material, usually in a single gene. Also, an individual exhibiting such a change. Also called (in classical genetics) a sport. ... Origin: L. Mutatio from mutare = to change ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

mutation rate
The frequency with which a particular mutation appears in a population or the frequency with which any mutation appears in the whole genome of a population. Normally the context makes the precise use clear. ... See: fluctuation analysis. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

mutational frequency
The proportions of mutations in a population. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mutatis characteribus
<zoology> With the characters changed, used in same way as emendatus. ... (09 Jan 1998) ...

mute
1. One who does not speak, whether from physical inability, unwillingness, or other cause. Specifically: One who, from deafness, either congenital or from early life, is unable to use articulate language; a deaf-mute. ... A person employed by undertakers at a funeral. ... A person whose part in a play does not require him to speak. ... Among the Turks …

muted tidal regime
A fluctuation in a wetland's water level that is lower in amplitude than the fluctuation in a neighboring tidal body of water, due to levees or other artificial devices which inhibit the exchange of water between the wetland and the tidal body. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

mutein
<protein> Protein with altered amino acid sequence usually enough to alter properties. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

mutilating keratoderma
Diffuse keratoderma of the extremities, with the development during childhood of constricting fibrous bands around the middle phalanx of the fingers or toes which may lead to spontaneous amputation; autosomal dominant inheritance. ... Synonym: keratoma hereditarium mutilans, Vohwinkel syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mutilating leprosy
Synonym for articular leprosy ... A late stage of anaesthetic leprosy. ... Synonym: mutilating leprosy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mutilation
Disfigurement or injury by removal or destruction of any conspicuous or essential part of the body. ... Origin: L. Mutilatio, fr. Mutilo, pp. -atus, to maim ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mutism
Inability or refusal to speak. ... Origin: L. Mutus = unable to speak, inarticulate ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

muton
In genetics, the smallest unit of a chromosome in which alteration can be effective in causing a mutation. ... Origin: mutation + -on ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mutton
1. A sheep. 'Not so much ground as will feed a mutton.' (Sir H. Sidney) 'Muttons, beeves, and porkers are good old words for the living quadrupeds.' (Hallam) ... 2. The flesh of a sheep. 'The fat of roasted mutton or beef.' (Swift) ... 3. A loose woman; a prostitute. Mutton bird, the American eelpout. See Eelpout. Mutton fist, a big brawny fist or ha …

mutton-fat keratic precipitates
Coalescent precipitate's forming small plaques that gradually become more translucent. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mutual resistance
Synonym for antagonism ... An interaction between chemicals in which one partially or completelyinhibits the effect of the other (for example, a drug that blocks a hormone's receptor site would be a hormone antagonist). ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

mutualism
A type of symbiosis where two (or more) organisms from different species live in close proximity to one another and rely on one another for nutrients, protection, or other life functions. Both (or all) of the organisms involved benefit from the relationship. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

mutualist
An organism that lives in symbiotic relationship with another organism, this relationship benefits both partners. Compare: parasite. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

mutualistic symbiosis
Symbiosis in which all partners obtain an advantage. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

muzolimine
<chemical> 3-amino-1-(3,4-dichloro-alpha-methylbenzyl)- 2-pyrazolin-5-one. A pyrazole diuretic with long duration and high capacity of action. It was proposed for kidney failure and hypertension but was withdrawn worldwide because of severe neurological effects. ... Pharmacological action: antihypertensive agents, diuretics. ... Chemical name: …

muzzle
The snout of an animal. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mV
<abbreviation> Millivolt. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...