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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

MVE virus
Synonym for Murray Valley encephalitis virus ... A group B arbovirus of the genus Flavivirus that causes Murray Valley encephalitis; it is transmitted by Culex mosquitoes, and also infects birds and horses. ... Synonym: Australian X disease virus, MVE virus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

MW
<abbreviation> Molecular weight. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Mx proteins
GTPases (70-100 kD) found in interferon treated cells. Mx1 is found in the nucleus and determines the resistance of mice to influenza A virus by blocking transcription of the viral RNA genome. Other Mx proteins are cytoplasmic and are related to dynamin. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

mya
<marine biology> A genus of bivalve mollusks, including the common long, or soft-shelled, clam. ... Origin: L. Mya a kind of mussel. ... (19 Mar 1998) ...

myalgia
<symptom> Pain in a muscle or muscles. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

myalgia thermica
Synonym for heat cramps ... Muscle spasms induced by severe exertion in intense heat, accompanied by considerable pain; sometimes related to salt deficiency, hyperventilation, or overindulgence in alcohol. ... Synonym: myalgia thermica. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myaria
<marine biology> A division of bivalve mollusks of which the common clam (Mya) is the type. ... (19 Mar 1998) ...

myasthenia
<anatomy, neurology> Muscular debility, any constitutional anomaly of muscle. ... Origin: Gr. Astheneia = weakness ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

myasthenia angiosclerotica
Synonym for intermittent claudication ... <symptom> A symptom complex characterised by leg pain and weakness brought on by walking, with the disappearance of the symptoms following a brief rest. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

myasthenia gravis
<disease, neurology> The characteristic feature of the disease is easy fatigue of certain voluntary muscle groups on repeated use. Muscles of the face or upper trunk are especially likely to be affected. In most and perhaps all cases due to the development of autoantibodies against the acetylcholine receptor in neuromuscular junctions. Immuni …

myasthenia gravis and thymoma
<radiology> Of patients with MG 15% have thymoma, of patients with thymoma 50% have MG ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

myasthenic
Relating to myasthenia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myasthenic crisis
Severe, life-threatening exacerbation of the manifestations of myasthenia gravis requiring intensive treatment. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myasthenic facies
The facial expression in myasthenia gravis, caused by drooping of the eyelids and corners of the mouth, and weakness of the muscles of the face. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myasthenic reaction
Synonym for Jolly's reaction ... Rapid loss of response to faradic stimulation of a muscle with the galvanic response and the power of voluntary contraction retained. ... Synonym: myasthenic reaction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myasthenic syndrome
<syndrome> A condition characterised by muscle weakness that is similar to the symptoms of myasthenia gravis. For this reason, it has been referred to as myasthenic syndrome. This disorder is caused by an insufficient release of neurotransmitter (acetylcholine) by the nerve cells. Unlike myasthenia gravis, as muscle contractions are continued …

myatonia
Lack of normal muscle tone. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

myatonia congenita
Synonym for amyotonia congenita ... Atonic pseudoparalysis of congenital origin (neither familial nor hereditary), observed especially in infants and characterised by absences of muscular tone only in muscles innervated by the spinal nerves. ... Synonym: congenital atonic pseudoparalysis, myatonia congenita, Oppenheim's disease, Oppenheim's syndrome. …

myatrophy
Synonym for muscular atrophy ... Derangement in size and number of muscle fibres occurring with aging, reduction in blood supply, or following immobilization, prolonged weightlessness, malnutrition, and particularly in denervation. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

myb
<oncogene> An oncogene, originally identified as the transforming gene in avian myeloblastosis virus, encoding a nuclear protein that binds the DNA sequence YAAC(G/T)G. ... (24 Mar 1998) ...

myc
<oncogene> This proto-oncogene causes cancers (carcinomas and sarcomas) and is found in the avian myelocytomatosis virus. It has been identified in several avian tumours, and encodes a nuclear protein with a leucine zipper motif. ... If translocated, it can cause Burkitt's lymphoma, if amplified, it can cause lung, breast, and cervical carcino …

myc proteins
<molecular biology> Family of proteins involved in control of translation, have a C terminal basic helix loop helix zipper domain. Myc Max heterodimers specifically bind the sequence CACGTG with higher affinity than homodimers of either. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

mycelia
Plural of mycelium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mycelian
Pertaining to a mycelium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mycelioid
Resembling a mycelium. ... Origin: mycelium + G. Eidos, resemblance ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mycelium
<microbiology> Mass of hyphae that constitutes the vegetative part of a fungus (the conspicuous part in most cases is the fruiting body). ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

mycete
A fungus. ... Origin: G. Mykes, fungus ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mycetism
Mushroom poisoning, characterised by gastrointestinal upset, liver andkidney damage, central nervous system effects and damage, and possiblydeath. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

mycetism cerebralis
A condition characterised by transient hallucinogenic symptoms following ingestion of mushrooms such as Psilocybe and Panaeolus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mycetism choliformis
A severe and occasionally fatal illness due to the consumption of Amanita phalloides and other poisonous mushroom species. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mycetism gastrointestinalis
A relatively mild type of mushroom poisoning characterised by nausea, vomiting, and diarrhoea and caused by eating certain species of Boletus, Lactarius, Entoloma, and Lepiota. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mycetism nervosa
Mushroom poisoning that involves the parasympathetic nervous system and causes gastrointestinal distress, after consumption of species such as Amanita, Inocybe, and Clitocybe. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mycetism sanguinareus
A transient haemoglobinuria and jaundice caused by eating the mushroom Helvella esculenta, either raw or cooked. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

myceto-
Fungus. ... See: myco-. ... Origin: G. Mykes, fungus ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mycetogenic
Caused by fungi. ... Synonym: mycetogenous. ... Origin: G. Mykes, fungus, + gennetos, begotten ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mycetogenous
Synonym for mycetogenic ... Caused by fungi. ... Synonym: mycetogenous. ... Origin: G. Mykes, fungus, + gennetos, begotten ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mycetoma
1. A chronic infection involving the feet and characterised by the formation of localised lesions with tumefactions and multiple draining sinuses. The exudate contains granules that may be yellow, white, red, brown, or black, depending upon the causative agent. Mycetoma is caused by two principal groups of microorganisms: ... A. Actinomycotic myceto …

mycid
An allergic reaction to a remote focus of mycotic infection. ... Origin: G. Mykes, fungus, + -id ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mycinamicin III O-methyltransferase
<enzyme> Catalyses the incorporation of the methyl group of s-adenosyl-l-methionine at the 3'' position of mycinamicin III; from micromonospora griseorubida; genbank d16097 ... Registry number: EC 2.1.1.- ... Synonym: mycf gene product, miii o-mtase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

myco-
Fungus. ... Origin: G. Mykes, fungus ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mycobacillin
<chemical> A cyclic polypeptide antibiotic isolated from culture filtrates of bacillus subtilis that acts as an antifungal agent. ... Pharmacological action: antibiotics, antifungal, antibiotics, peptide. ... Chemical name: Mycobacillin ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mycobacillin synthetase
<enzyme> Requires ATP and mg; is inhibited by sulfhydryl reagents ... Registry number: EC 6.3.2.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

mycobacteria
<microbiology> Bacteria with unusual cell walls that are resistant to digestion, being waxy, very hydrophobic and rich in lipid, especially esterified mycolic acids. Staining properties differ from those of gram-negative and gram-positive organisms, being acid-fast. Many are intracellular parasites, causing serious diseases such as leprosy an …

mycobacteriaceae
A family of gram-positive bacteria found in soil and dairy products and as parasites on animals and man. Several are important pathogens. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mycobacteriophages
Viruses whose host is one or more mycobacterium species. They include both temperate and virulent types. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mycobacteriosis
Infection with mycobacteria. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mycobacterium
<microbiology> An organism of the genus Mycobacterium. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

Mycobacterium abscessus
Synonym for Mycobacterium chelonae subsp. abscessus ... A species originally found in a traumatic infection of the knee. ... Synonym: Mycobacterium abscessus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mycobacterium avium
A bacterium causing tuberculosis in domestic fowl and other birds. In pigs, it may cause localised and sometimes disseminated disease. The organism occurs occasionally in sheep and cattle. It should be distinguished from the m. Avium complex, which infects primarily humans. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mycobacterium avium complex
Synonym for mac ... A serious opportunistic infection caused by two similar bacteria (Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium intercellulare) found in the soil and dust particles. In AIDS, MAC can spread through the bloodstream to infect lymph nodes, bone marrow, liver, spleen, spinal fluid, lungs and intestinal tract. Typical symptoms of MAC include …

mycobacterium avium complex disease
<infectious disease> A disease process caused by infection by the organism Mycobacterium avium intracellulare. Almost unheard of in a patient with a normal functioning immune system, this can be a common infection in those with advanced HIV infection. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

mycobacterium bovis
The bovine variety of the tubercle bacillus. It is called also mycobacterium tuberculosis var. Bovis. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mycobacterium chelonae
A species of gram-positive, aerobic bacteria commonly found in soil and occasionally isolated from sputum. It causes postoperative wound infections as well as gluteal abscesses. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mycobacterium fortuitum
A rapid-growing, nonphotochromogenic species that is potentially pathogenic, producing lesions of lung, bone, or soft tissue following trauma. It has been found in soil and in injection sites of humans, cattle, and cold-blooded animals. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mycobacterium haemophilum
A species of gram-positive, aerobic bacteria that causes granulomatous or ulcerating skin lesions in immunosuppressed persons. This organism owes its name to its requirement for growth of high levels of iron, conveniently supplied as blood, haem, or ferric ammonium citrate. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mycobacterium infections
Infections with bacteria of the genus mycobacterium. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mycobacterium infections, atypical
Infections with so called atypical mycobacteria (tuberculoid bacilli): m. Kansasii (kansas), m. Marinum, m. Scrofulaceum, m. Flavescens, m. Gordonae, m. Obuense, m. Gilvum, m. Duvali, m. Szulgai, m. Intracellulare (see mycobacterium avium complex), m. Xenopi (littorale), m. Ulcerans, m. Buruli, m. Terrae, m. Fortuitum (minetti, giae), m. Chelonae.< …

Mycobacterium intracellulare
A species found in lung lesions and sputum of humans; may cause bone and tendon-sheath lesions in rabbits; some strains are pathogenic for mice. Recently linked to opportunistic infections in humans. ... Synonym: Battey bacillus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mycobacterium kansasii
A slow-growing, photochromogenic species that is the aetiologic agent of a tuberculosis-like disease in humans and is frequently isolated from human pulmonary secretions or tubercles. The incidence of infection is sharply increased among immunocompromised individuals. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mycobacterium leprae
A species of gram-positive, aerobic bacteria that causes leprosy in man. Its organisms are generally arranged in clumps, rounded masses, or in groups of bacilli side by side. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mycobacterium lepraemurium
The aetiologic agent of rat leprosy, also known as murine leprosy. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Mycobacterium marianum
Former name for Mycobacterium scrofulaceum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mycobacterium marinum
A moderate-growing, photochromogenic species found in aquariums, diseased fish, and swimming pools. It is the cause of cutaneous lesions and granulomas (swimming pool granuloma) in humans. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Mycobacterium microti
A species causing generalised tuberculosis in voles; transmissible to guinea pigs, rabbits, and calves, causing localised infections. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mycobacterium paratuberculosis
A species of gram-positive, aerobic bacteria non-pathogenic for humans. It is the aetiologic agent of johne's disease (see paratuberculosis). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mycobacterium phlei
A saprophytic bacterium widely distributed in soil and dust and on plants. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mycobacterium scrofulaceum
A non-tuberculous mycobacterium causing cervical lymphadenitis in children. It very rarely causes pulmonary disease, and is believed to be non-pathogenic in animals. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Mycobacterium smegmatis
A saprophytic species of bacteria found in smegma from the genitalia of humans and many of the lower animals; it is also found in soil, dust, and water. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mycobacterium tuberculosis
The Gram-positive bacterium that causes tuberculosis. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

mycobacterium ulcerans
A slow-growing, nonphotochromogenic species that causes chronic skin lesions in humans (buruli ulcer). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mycobacterium xenopi
A slow-growing, scotochromogenic species occurring usually harmlessly in human secretions but occasionally associated with chronic pulmonary disease. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mycobacterium, atypical
So-called atypical species of the genus mycobacterium. They are also called tuberculoid bacilli, i.e.: m. Buruli (see m. Ulcerans), m. Chelonae, m. Duvalii, m. Flavescens, m. Fortuitum, m. Gilvum, m. Gordonae, m. Intracellulare (see mycobacterium avium complex), m. Kansasii (kansas), m. Marinum, m. Obuense, m. Scrofulaceum, m. Szulgai, m. Terrae, m …

mycobactin
A complex lipid factor reported to be required for the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in human plasma; appears to be identical with the lipid factor extracted from M. Phlei and essential for the growth of M. Johnei. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mycocerosic acid synthase
<enzyme> Elongates n-fatty acyl CoA specifically with methylmalonyl-CoA; has acyltransferase and beta-ketoacyl synthase domains ... Registry number: EC 2.3.1.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

mycocide
Synonym: fungicide. ... Origin: myco-+ L. Caedo, to kill ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mycoderma
1. <biology> One of the forms in which bacteria group themselves; a more or less thick layer of motionless but living bacteria, formed by the bacteria uniting on the surface of the fluid in which they are developed. This production differs from the zooloea stage of bacteria by not having the intermediary mucous substance. ... 2. A genus of mic …

mycodermatitis
A non-specific term used to designate an eruption of mycotic (fungus, yeast, mold) origin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mycogastritis
Inflammation of the stomach due to the presence of a fungus. ... Origin: myco-+ G. Gaster, stomach, + -itis, inflammation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mycolic acid
Saturated fatty acids found in the cell walls of mycobacteria, nocardiae and corynebacteria. Chain lengths can be as high as 80 and the mycolic acids are found in waxes and in glycolipids. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

mycolic acids
Long-chain cyclopropanecarboxylic acids (C19-C21), further substituted by long-chain (C24-C30) alkanes containing free hydroxyl groups, found in certain bacteria; these waxy substances appear to be responsible for the acid-fastness of the bacteria that contain them. ... Synonym: mykol. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mycological
<microbiology> Relating to mycology, that is the science and study of fungi. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

mycological typing techniques
Procedures for identifying types and strains of fungi. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mycology
<study> The scientific study of fungi. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

mycomycin
This antibiotic is used totreat tuberculosis (killsMycobacterium tuberculosis). ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

mycomyringitis
An obsolete term denoting an inflammation of the membrana tympani caused by the presence of Aspergillus or other fungus. ... Synonym: myringomycosis. ... Origin: myco-+ Mod. L. Myringa, drum-membrane, + G. -itis, inflammation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mycophage
A virus, the host of which is a fungus, in contradistinction to a bacteriophage, the host of which is a bacterium. ... See: mycovirus. ... Origin: myco-+ G. Phago, to eat ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mycophenolic acid
<chemical> An antibiotic substance produced by penicillium brevi-compactum; p. Stoloniferum and related species. It is used as antineoplastic agent. ... Pharmacological action: antibiotics, antineoplastic. ... Chemical name: 4-Hexenoic acid, 6-(1,3-dihydro-4-hydroxy-6-methoxy-7-methyl-3-oxo-5-isobenzofuranyl)-4-methyl-, (E)- ... (12 Dec 1998) …

mycoplasma
Prokaryotic microorganisms lacking cell walls and therefore resistant to many antibiotics. Formerly known as pleuro pneumonia like organisms (PPLO). A causative agent of pneumonia in humans and some domestic animals, is Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Troublesome contaminants of animal cell cultures, in which they may grow attached or close to cell surfaces …

Mycoplasma agalactiae
A bacterial species causing contagious agalactia of sheep and goats, a common disease in the Mediterranean region. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Mycoplasma buccale
A bacterial species which is an infrequent parasitic inhabitant of the human oropharynx; it is the predominant mycoplasma in the oropharynx of nonhuman primates. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Mycoplasma conjunctivae subsp. ovis
A bacterial subspecies associated with pinkeye of sheep. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Mycoplasma faucium
A species which is a rare member of the normal flora of the human oropharynx; it is occasionally found in the oropharynx of nonhuman primates. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mycoplasma fermentans
A species of the genus mycoplasma, originally isolated infrequently from the lower genital tract of humans, and possessing uncertain pathogenicity. The incognitus strain of m. Fermentans has been identified in necrotizing lesions of multiple organs from aids and non-aids patients dying of an acute influenza-like disease. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Mycoplasma gallisepticum
A bacterial species causing chronic respiratory disease of chickens and infectious sinusitis of turkeys. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Mycoplasma genitalium
A species that may be a causative agent of urethritis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Mycoplasma granularum
Former name for Acholeplasma granularum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mycoplasma hominis
A common inhabitant of the vagina and cervix and a potential human pathogen, causing infections of the male and female reproductive tracts. It has also been associated with respiratory disease and pharyngitis. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae
A bacterial species causing mycoplasma pneumonia of pigs. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Mycoplasma hyorhinis
A bacterial species found in the nasal cavity of swine; associated with arthritis and polyserositis in domestic pigs. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Mycoplasma hyosynoviae
A bacterial species found in the joints and respiratory tract of swine, and associated with arthritis and polyserositis in domestic pigs. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...