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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

naupathia
Synonym: seasickness. ... Origin: G. Naus, ship, + pathos, suffering ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

nausea
<symptom> An unpleasant sensation, vaguely referred to the epigastrium and abdomen and often culminating in vomiting. ... Origin: L., Gr. Nausia = seasickness ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

nausea gravidarum
Synonym for morning sickness ... <obstetrics> Recurrent nausea and vomiting often seen in the first 12 weeks of pregnancy and more pronounced in the mornings. ... Synonym: hyperemesis gravidarum. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

nauseate
To cause an inclination to vomit. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

nauseated
Affected with nausea. ... Synonym: sick. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Nauta
Walle J.H., U.S. Neuroscientist, *1916. ... See: Nauta's stain. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Nauta's stain
<technique> A stain for degenerating axons in which they stain with silver and appear as fragmented and swollen fibres. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

nautiloid
<zoology> Like or pertaining to the nautilus; shaped like a nautilus shell. ... <marine biology> A mollusk, or shell, of the genus Nautilus or family Nautilidae. ... Origin: Nautilus: cf. F. Nautiloide. ... (19 Mar 1998) ...

nautilus
Origin: L, fr. Gr. A seaman, sailor, a kind of shellfish which was supposed to be furnished with a membrane which served as a sail; fr. Ship. See Nave of a church. ... 1. <zoology> The only existing genus of tetrabranchiate cephalopods. About four species are found living in the tropical Pacific, but many other species are found fossil. The sh …

naval medicine
The practice of medicine concerned with conditions affecting the health of individuals associated with the marine environment. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

navel
1. <anatomy> A mark or depression in the middle of the abdomen; the umbilicus. See Umbilicus. ... 2. The central part or point of anything; the middle. 'Within the navel of this hideous wood, Immured in cypress shades, a sorcerer dwells.' (Milton) ... 3. An eye on the under side of a carronade for securing it to a carriage. Navel gall, a bruise …

navicula
A small boat-shaped structure. ... Origin: L. Dim of navis, ship ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

navicular
1. Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a boat or ship. ... 2. Shaped like a boat; cymbiform; scaphoid; as, the navicular glumes of most grasses; the navicular bone. Navicular bone. ... <anatomy> A disease affecting the navicular bone, or the adjacent parts, in a horse's foot. ... Origin: L. Navicularius, fr. Navicula, dim. Of navis ship: cf. F. Na …

navicular abdomen
Synonym for scaphoid abdomen ... A condition in which the anterior abdominal wall is sunken and presents a concave rather than a convex contour. ... Synonym: boat-shaped abdomen, navicular abdomen. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

navicular bone
A bone of the tarsus on the medial side of the foot articulating with the head of the talus, the three cuneiform bones, and occasionally the cuboid. ... Synonym: os naviculare, central bone of ankle, os centrale tarsi. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

navicular bone of hand
Synonym for scaphoid bone ... The largest bone of the proximal row of the carpus on the lateral (radial) side, articulating with the radius, lunate, capitate, trapezium, and trapezoid. ... Synonym: os scaphoideum, navicular bone of hand, os naviculare manus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

navicular disease
A common cause of lameness in horses, especially light racing animals; it is essentially a chronic osteitis of the navicular bone associated with bursitis and inflammation of the plantar aponeurosis; occurs most frequently in the forefeet and is believed to be due to damage from frequent and severe strain. ... Synonym: navicularthritis. ... (05 Mar 2 …

navicular fossa of urethra
The terminal dilated portion of the urethra in the glans penis. ... Synonym: fossa navicularis urethrae, fossa terminalis urethrae, Morgagni's fossa, Morgagni's fovea. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

navicular fracture
<orthopaedics> A fracture of the scaphoid (navicular) bone in the wrist. The most common method of injury is a fall on an outstretched hand in an adult. In children, this same type of fall more commonly results in a Colles fracture. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

navicularthritis
Synonym: navicular disease. ... Origin: navicular + arthritis ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

navigation
1. The act of navigating; the act of passing on water in ships or other vessels; the state of being navigable. ... 2. The science or art of conducting ships or vessels from one place to another, including, more especially, the method of determining a ship's position, course, distance passed over, etc, on the surface of the globe, by the principles o …

Nb
Symbol for niobium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

nbd chloride
<chemical> 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzofuran. A benzofuran derivative used as a protein reagent since the terminal n-nbd-protein conjugate possesses interesting fluorescence and spectral properties. It has also been used as a covalent inhibitor of both beef heart mitochondrial atpase and bacterial atpase. ... Pharmacological action: enzyme inhibitors …

NBT
<abbreviation> Nitroblue tetrazolium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ncam
Cell adhesion molecule involved in a diverse range of contact-mediated interactions among neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and myotubes. It is widely but transiently expressed in many tissues early in embryogenesis. Four main isoforms exist, including CD56 (antigens, CD56), but there are many other variants resulting from alternative splicing …

Nd
Symbol for neodymium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ND virus
Synonym for Newcastle Disease virus ... <virology> A paramyxovirus that causes the fatal disease, fowl pest, in poultry. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

nda
New Drug Application An application to the FDA for approval to market a drug in the U.S. The FDA determines if a protein pharmaceutical is considered a drug or a biologic and whether an NDA or a PLA, respectively, should be filed to obtain marketing approval. ... (14 Nov 1997) ...

NDP
<abbreviation> Nucleoside diphosphate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ne
Symbol for neon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

nealbarbital
5-Allyl-5-neopentylbarbituric acid;an obsolete sedative and hypnotic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

near
1. Not far distant in time, place, or degree; not remote; close at hand; adjacent; neighboring; nigh. 'As one near death.' 'He served great Hector, and was ever near, Not with his trumpet only, but his spear.' (Dryden) ... 2. Closely connected or related. 'She is thy father's near kinswoman.' (Lev. Xviii. 12) ... 3. Close to one's interests, affectio …

near drowning
Any almost drowning. All cases should be evaluated by a physician. Complications include aspiration pneumonia and adult respiratory distress syndrome. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

near point
That point in conjugate focus with the retina when the eye exerts maximal accommodation. ... Synonym: punctum proximum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

near point of convergence
The point to which the visual lines are directed when convergence is at its maximum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

near point of the eye
<ophthalmology> The nearest point to the entrance of the pupil of the normal eye at which focus is attained without strain, 10 inches (250 mm) is the generally accepted distance. In very young people and in those with myopia, this distance is less. The near point recedes with age, possibly even causing farsighted condition,. ... (05 Aug 1998)< …

near reaction
The pupillary constriction associated with a near vision effort, i.e., with accommodation and convergence. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

near reflex
Pupillary constriction with a near vision effort, with ocular convergence, or with accommodation; an associated reaction, not a true reflex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

near sight
Synonym for myopia ... <ophthalmology> That error of refraction in which rays of light entering the eye parallel to the optic axis are brought to a focus in front of the retina, as a result of the eyeball being too long from front to back (axial myopia) or of an increased strength in refractive power of the media of the eye (index myopia). ... …

near-total thyroidectomy
<procedure> Removal of nearly all of each thyroid lobe leaving unresected only a small portion of gland adjacent to the entrance of the recurrent laryngeal nerve into the larynx. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

nearest neighbor frequency
The frequency by which certain types of entities or structures are immediately adjacent to a given structure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

nearsightedness
Synonym for myopia ... <ophthalmology> That error of refraction in which rays of light entering the eye parallel to the optic axis are brought to a focus in front of the retina, as a result of the eyeball being too long from front to back (axial myopia) or of an increased strength in refractive power of the media of the eye (index myopia). ... …

nearthrosis
A new joint; e.g., a pseudarthrosis arising in an ununited fracture, or an artificial joint resulting from a total joint replacement operation. ... Synonym: neoarthrosis. ... Origin: G. Neos, new, + arthrosis, a jointing ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

neat
<zoology> Cattle of the genus Bos, as distinguished from horses, sheep, and goats; an animal of the genus Bos; as, a neat's tongue; a neat's foot. 'Wherein the herds[men] were keeping of their neat.' (Spenser) 'The steer, the heifer, and the calf Are all called neat.' (Shak) 'A neat and a sheep of his own.' (Tusser) Neat's-foot, an oil obtain …

nebramycin
<chemical> A complex of antibiotic substances produced by streptomyces tenebrarius. ... Pharmacological action: antibiotics, aminoglycoside. ... Chemical name: Nebramycin ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Nebraska calf scours virus
The bovine rotavirus. ... See: rotavirus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

nebula
Origin: L, mist, cloud; akin to Gr, cloud, mist, G. Nebel mist, OHG. Nebul, D. Nevel, Skr. Nabhas cloud, mist. Cf. Nebule. ... 1. <astronomy> A faint, cloudlike, self-luminous mass of matter situated beyond the solar system among the stars. True nebulae are gaseous; but very distant star clusters often appear like them in the telescope. ... 2. …

nebular
Of or pertaining to nebulae; of the nature of, or resembling, a nebula. Nebular hypothesis, an hypothesis to explain the process of formation of the stars and planets, presented in various forms by Kant, Herschel, Laplace, and others. As formed by Laplace, it supposed the matter of the solar system to have existed originally in the form of a vast, …

nebularine
A toxic nucleoside isolated from the mushroom Agaricus nebularis and from Streptomyces sp. ... Synonym: 9-beta-ribofuranosylpurine, purine ribonucleoside, ribosylpurine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

nebulin
<protein> Family of large matrix proteins (600-900 kD) found in the N line of the sarcomere of striated muscle. Consist of many (more than 200) repeats of conserved actin binding motifs, bind to F actin and may serve as templates for assembly of the sarcomere. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

nebulise
To break up a liquid into a fine spray or vapor; to vaporise. ... Origin: L. Nebula, mist ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

nebuliser
A device used to reduce liquid medication to extremely fine cloudlike particles; useful in delivering medication to deeper parts of the respiratory tract. ... See: atomiser, vaporiser. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

nebulisers and vaporisers
Devices that cause a liquid or solid to be converted into an aerosol (spray) or a vapor. It is used in drug administration by inhalation, humidification of ambient air, and in certain analytical instruments. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

nebulizer
A device, pressurised by an oxygen tank, for the purpose of converting a liquid medication into a fine mist that can be inhaled. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

nebulous urine
Synonym for cloudy urine ... Urine with a cloudy appearance, usually due to pus, crystals, bacteria, blood, or free fat globules. ... Synonym: nebulous urine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

necator
A genus of intestinal parasite worms which includes one of the most important hookworms of man, necator americanus. The only other known species, n. Suillus, has been recovered from pigs. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

necator americanus
A common parasite of humans in the moist tropics and subtropics. These organisms attach to villi in the small intestine and suck blood causing diarrhoea, anorexia, and anaemia. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

necatoriasis
Infection of humans or animals with hookworms of the genus necator. The resulting anaemia from this condition is less severe than that from ancylostomiasis. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

necessary
1. Such as must be; impossible to be otherwise; not to be avoided; inevitable. 'Death, a necessary end, Will come when it will come.' (Shak) ... 2. Impossible to be otherwise, or to be dispensed with, without preventing the attainment of a desired result; indispensable; requiste; essential. ''T is necessary he should die.' 'A certain kind of temper …

necessary cause
An aetiological factor without which a result in question will not occur; the occurrence of the result is proof that the factor is operating. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

necessity
Origin: OE. Necessite, F. Necessite, L. Necessitas, fr. Necesse. See Necessary. ... 1. The quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite; inevitableness; indispensableness. ... 2. The condition of being needy or necessitous; pressing need; indigence; want. 'Urge the necessity and state of times.' (Shak) 'The extreme povert …

neck
1. The part of an animal which connects the head and the trunk, and which, in man and many other animals, is more slender than the trunk. ... 2. Any part of an inanimate object corresponding to or resembling the neck of an animal; as: The long slender part of a vessel, as a retort, or of a fruit, as a gourd. ... A long narrow tract of land projecting …

neck dissection
Surgery to remove lymph nodes and other tissues in the neck. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

neck injuries
General or unspecified injuries to the neck. It includes injuries to the skin, muscles, and other soft tissues of the neck. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

neck injury
Any injury to the soft tissues or bony structures (cervical spine) of the neck. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

neck muscles
The neck muscles consist of the platysma, splenius cervicis, sternocleidomastoid(eus), longus colli, the anterior, medius, and posterior scalenes, digastric(us), stylohyoid(eus), mylohyoid(eus), geniohyoid(eus), sternohyoid(eus), omohyoid(eus), sternothyroid(eus), and thyrohyoid(eus). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

neck of femur
A short, constricted, strong bar projecting at an obtuse angle (about 125°) from the upper end of the shaft of the thigh bone and supporting its head. ... Synonym: collum ossis femoris, collum femoris, neck of thigh bone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

neck of fibula
The slightly constricted region between the head and body of the fibula. ... Synonym: collum fibulae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

neck of gallbladder
The narrow portion between the body of the gallbladder and beginning of the cystic duct. ... Synonym: collum vesicae biliaris, collum vesicae felleae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

neck of glans penis
A constriction behind the corona glandis of the penis. ... Synonym: collum glandis penis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

neck of hair follicle
The narrowed part of the hair follicle between the hair bulb and the surface of the skin. ... Synonym: collum folliculi pili. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

neck of humerus
See: anatomical neck of humerus, surgical neck of humerus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

neck of malleus
The constricted portion of the malleus between the head and the manubrium. ... Synonym: collum mallei. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

neck of mandible
The constricted portion of the condylar process below the head of the mandible. ... Synonym: collum mandibulae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

neck of radius
The narrow part of the shaft just below the head. ... Synonym: collum radii. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

neck of rib
The flattened portion of a rib between the head and the tuberosity. ... Synonym: collum costae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

neck of scapula
A slight constriction marking the separation of that portion bearing the glenoid cavity and coracoid process from the remainder of the scapula. ... Synonym: collum scapulae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

neck of talus
A constriction separating the head, or anterior portion, from the body of the talus. ... Synonym: collum tali. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

neck of thigh bone
Synonym for neck of femur ... A short, constricted, strong bar projecting at an obtuse angle (about 125°) from the upper end of the shaft of the thigh bone and supporting its head. ... Synonym: collum ossis femoris, collum femoris, neck of thigh bone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

neck of tooth
The slightly constricted part of a tooth, between the crown and the root. ... Synonym: cervix dentis, cervical margin of tooth, cervical zone of tooth, collum dentis, dental neck. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

neck of urinary bladder
The lowest part of the bladder formed by the junction of the fundus and the inferolateral surfaces. ... Synonym: cervix vesicae urinariae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

neck of uterus
Synonym for cervix of uterus ... The lower part of the uterus extending from the isthmus of the uterus into the vagina. It is divided into supravaginal and vaginal parts by its passage through the vaginal wall. ... Synonym: cervix uteri, cervix, neck of uterus, neck of womb. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

neck of womb
Synonym for cervix of uterus ... The lower part of the uterus extending from the isthmus of the uterus into the vagina. It is divided into supravaginal and vaginal parts by its passage through the vaginal wall. ... Synonym: cervix uteri, cervix, neck of uterus, neck of womb. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

neck pad
<dentistry> A neckpad is a cloth covered cushion which you wear around your neck when you put on your face-bow. Generally, the breakaways are attached to the neckpad to provide force for the face-bow. ... (08 Jan 1998) ...

neck pain
A more or less localised sensation of discomfort, distress, or agony in the neck, resulting from the stimulation of specialised nerve endings. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

neck reflexes
Changes in position of the head cause alterations in tone of the neck muscles through stimulation of proprioceptors in the labyrinth which bring the head into its correct position in space; stimulation of proprioceptors in the neck muscles causes in turn reflex movements of the limbs which bring the animal into the normal position in relation to th …

neck sign
Synonym for Brudzinski's sign ... <clinical sign> A physical examination finding that can indicate inflammation of the meninges (meningitis), performed in two forms: passive flexion of one leg results in a similar movement on the opposite side or if the neck is passively flexed, flexion occurs in the legs. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

neck-shaft angle
Synonym for angle of inclination ... <orthopaedics> The angle formed by the meeting of a line drawn through the shaft of the femur with one passing through the long axis of the femoral neck; normally it is about 127°. ... Synonym: angle of depression, neck-shaft angle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

neck, wry
Medically called spasmodic torticollis, or torticollis. The most common of the focal dystonias. In torticollis, the muscles in the neck that control the position of the head are affected, causing the head to twist and turn to one side. In addition, the head may be pulled forward or backward. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

necklace
Term used to describe a skin rash that encircles the neck. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

necklace of Venus
An obsolete term for syphilitic leukoderma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

necrectomy
<procedure> Operative removal of any necrosed tissue. ... Origin: necr-+ G. Ektome, excision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

necro-
Death, necrosis. ... Origin: G. Nekros, corpse ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

necrobacillosis
Any disease with which the bacterium Fusobacterium necrophorum is associated. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

necrobiosis lipoidica
A degenerative disease of the dermal connective tissue characterised by the development of erythematous papules or nodules in the pretibial area. The papules form plaques covered with telangiectatic vessels. More than half of the affected patients have diabetes. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

necrobiotic disorders
A group of disorders characterised by swelling, basophilia, and distortion of collagen bundles in the dermis. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

necrobiotic xanthogranuloma
A cutaneous and subcutaneous xanthogranuloma with focal necrosis, presenting as multiple large, sometimes ulcerated, red to yellow granulomatous nodules with giant cells (often around the eyes) associated with paraproteinaemia (usually monoclonal gammopathy). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

necrocytosis
A process that results in, or a condition that is characterised by, the abnormal or pathologic death of cells. ... Origin: necro-+ G. Kytos, cell, + -osis, condition ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

necrogenic
Relating to, living in, or having origin in dead matter. ... Synonym: necrogenous. ... Origin: necro-+ G. Genesis, origin ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

necrogenic wart
postmortem wart ...