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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

necrogenous
Synonym for necrogenic ... Relating to, living in, or having origin in dead matter. ... Synonym: necrogenous. ... Origin: necro-+ G. Genesis, origin ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

necrogranulomatous
Having the characteristics of a granuloma with central necrosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

necrologist
A student of, or a specialist in, necrology. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

necrolysis
<pathology> Separation or exfoliation of tissue due to necrosis. ... Origin: Gr. Lysis = dissolution ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

necrolytic migratory erythema
An erythematous, scaling, and sometimes bullous and erosive dermatitis occurring irregularly in plaques chiefly on the lower trunk, buttocks, perineum, and thighs; associated with weight loss, anaemia, stomatitis, and elevation of plasma glucagon in islet cell tumour (glucagonoma) of the pancreas. ... See: glucagonoma syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

necromancy
The art of revealing future events by means of a pretended communication with the dead; the black art; hence, magic in general; conjuration; enchantment. See Black art. 'This palace standeth in the air, By necromancy placed there.' (Drayton) ... Origin: OE. Nigromaunce, nigromancie, OF. Nigromance, F. Necromance, necromancie, from L. Necromantia, Gr …

necromania
<psychiatry> A morbid tendency to dwell with longing on death, or a morbid attraction to dead bodies. ... Origin: necro-+ G. Mania, frenzy ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

necromantic
Conjuration. ... See: necromantical. ... (14 Mar 2000) ...

necrometer
An instrument for measuring a dead body or any of its parts or organs. ... Origin: necro-+ G. Metron, measure ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

necroparasite
Synonym for saprophyte ... <microbiology> An organism whose nutrition involves uptake of dissolved organic material from decaying plant or animal matter. ... Origin: Gr. Phyton = plant ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

necropathy
A tendency to tissue death or gangrene. ... Origin: necro-+ G. Pathos, disease ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

necrophilia
Necrophilism ... 1. A morbid fondness for being in the presence of dead bodies. ... 2. The impulse to have sexual contact, or the act of such contact, with a dead body, usually of males with female corpses. ... Origin: necro-+ G. Phileo, to love ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

necrophilous
Having a preference for dead tissue; denoting certain bacteria. ... Synonym: necrophagous. ... Origin: necro-+ G. Philos, fond ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

necrophobia
<psychology> An exaggerated fear of death or horror of dead bodies. ... Origin: Gr. Necros = a dead body, phobos = fear. ... (16 Mar 1998) ...

necrosadism
Sexual gratification derived by mutilating corpses. ... Origin: necro-+ sadism ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

necroscopy
Rarely used term for autopsy. ... Origin: necro-+ G. Skopeo, to examine ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

necrosectomy
<procedure> Resection of necrotic tissue. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

necrosis
<pathology> The sum of the morphological changes indicative of cell death and caused by the progressive degradative action of enzymes, it may affect groups of cells or part of a structure or an organ. ... Origin: Gr. Nekrosis = deadness ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

necrosis bacillus
Synonym for fusobacterium necrophorum ... A species of gram-negative, non-spore-forming bacteria isolated from the natural cavities of man and other animals and from necrotic lesions, abscesses, and blood. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

necrospermia
A condition in which there are dead or immobile spermatozoa in the semen. ... Origin: necro-+ G. Sperma, seed ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

necrosteon
Necrosteosis ... Gangrene of bone. ... Origin: necro-+ G. Osteon, bone ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

necrotic angina
An obsolete term for a form of angina occurring usually as a complication of scarlet fever and more rarely of diphtheria, in which gangrenous patches are found in the mucous membrane of the air passages. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

necrotic cirrhosis
Synonym for postnecrotic cirrhosis ... Post-necrotic cirrhosis, cirrhosis characterised by necrosis involving whole hepatic lobules, with collapse of the reticular framework to form large scars; regeneration nodules are also large; may follow viral or toxic necrosis, or develop as a result of ischemic necrosis. ... Synonym: necrotic cirrhosis. ... (05 …

necrotic cyst
A cyst due to a circumscribed encapsulated area of necrosis with subsequent liquefaction of the dead tissue. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

necrotic infectious conjunctivitis
A unilateral, suppurative, necrotic inflammation of the conjunctiva characterised by scattered, elevated white spots in the fornices and palpebral conjunctiva, and ipsilateral swelling of preauricular, parotid, and submaxillary lymph glands. ... Synonym: Pascheff's conjunctivitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

necrotic inflammation
Usually an acute inflammatory reaction in which the predominant histologic change is fairly rapid necrosis that occurs diffusely or extensively in relatively large foci throughout the affected tissue, frequently with only little or no evidence of cells in the exudate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

necrotic pulp
Necrosis of the dental pulp which clinically does not respond to thermal stimulation; the tooth may be asymptomatic or sensitive to percussion and palpation. ... Synonym: dead pulp, nonvital pulp. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

necrotic rhinitis of pigs
An infection of the subcutaneous structures of the snout of swine which causes malformation of the face; it is frequently due to infection of wounds made for the insertion of metal rings to discourage or prevent the animal from rooting in the soil; Fusobacterium necrophorum plays an important role in this disease. ... Synonym: bullnose. ... (05 Mar 2 …

necrotising fascitis
<pathology> A serious soft tissue infection generally caused by Group A Streptococci (bacteria), but may also be caused by anaerobic bacteria (Peptostreptococcus, Bacteroides). This infection results in extensive soft tissue destruction (necrosis) of skin, subcutaneous tissue and muscle. Often surgical intervention (debridement) in combinatio …

necrotising glomerulonephritis
<pathology> A relatively uncommon (affecting 1 out of 10,000 people) form of acute glomerulonephritis that results in damage within the glomerulus of the kidney. There is rapid loss of kidney function with the formation of crescents on microscopic analysis (kidney biopsy). This disorder may result in acute glomerulonephritis or nephrotic synd …

necrotizing angiitis
Inflammatory reaction of blood vessels resulting in fibrinoid necrosis of tissue, especially of the blood vessel wall. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

necrotizing arteriolitis
Necrosis in the media of arterioles, characteristic of malignant hypertension. ... Synonym: arteriolonecrosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

necrotizing cellulitis
Synonym: gangrenous cellulitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

necrotizing encephalitis
Any encephalitis in which extensive brain necrosis occurs, e.g., acute necrotizing haemorrhagic encephalomyelitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

necrotizing encephalomyelopathy
Synonym for Leigh's disease ... Subacute encephalomyelopathy affecting infants, causing dementia, spasticity, and optic atrophy; autosomal recessive inheritance. ... Synonym: necrotizing encephalomyelopathy, necrotizing encephalopathy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

necrotizing encephalopathy
Synonym for Leigh's disease ... Subacute encephalomyelopathy affecting infants, causing dementia, spasticity, and optic atrophy; autosomal recessive inheritance. ... Synonym: necrotizing encephalomyelopathy, necrotizing encephalopathy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

necrotizing enterocolitis
<radiology> NEC, pneumatosis intestinalis, submucosal: initial finding, mult. Cystic lucencies; looks like stool (!), subserosal: linear lucencies, portal vein: with or without transient; not significant, aetiology: preemie, perinatal stress, intestinal ischemia, survivors may develop intestinal strictures ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

necrotizing fasciitis
A rare soft-tissue infection primarily involving the superficial fascia and resulting in extensive undermining of surrounding tissues; progress is often fulminant and may involve all soft-tissue components, including the skin; usually occurs postoperatively, after minor trauma, or after inadequate care of abscesses or cutaneous ulcers. ... See: grou …

necrotizing papillitis
Synonym for renal papillary necrosis ... <nephrology> Necrosis of renal papillae, occurring in acute pyelonephritis, especially in diabetics, or in analgesic nephropathy; renal failure may result. ... Synonym: necrotizing papillitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

necrotizing scleritis
Fibrinoid degeneration and necrosis of the sclera. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis
An acute or recurrent gingivitis of young and middle-aged adults characterised clinically by gingival erythema and pain, fetid odour, and necrosis and sloughing of interdental papillae and marginal gingiva which gives rise to a gray pseudomembrane; fever, regional lymphadenopathy, and other systemic manifestations also may be present. A fusiform ba …

necrotomy
Synonym: dissection. ... 2. Operation for the removal of a necrosed portion of bone (sequestrum). ... Origin: necro-+ G. Tome, cutting ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

nectin
1. Another name for Substrate Adhesion Molecule (SAM), for example fibronectin. ... 2. A protein forming the stalk of mitochondrial ATPase. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

necturus
A genus of the proteidae family with five recognised species, which inhabit the atlantic and gulf drainages. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

necturus maculosus
A neotenic aquatic species of mudpuppy (necturus) occurring from manitoba to louisiana and texas. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

nedocromil
<chemical> A pyranoquinolone derivative that prevents asthma attacks. It affects the function and inhibits the release of inflammatory mediators from tissue mast cells, inhibits recruitment of other inflammatory cells (such as eosinophils and neutrophils) into the airway epithelium, inhibits both immediate and late bronchoconstriction, and de …

need
1. A state that requires supply or relief; pressing occasion for something; necessity; urgent want. 'And the city had no need of the sun.' (Rev. Xxi. 23) 'I have no need to beg.' (Shak) 'Be governed by your needs, not by your fancy.' (Jer. Taylor) ... 2. Want of the means of subsistence; poverty; indigence; destitution. 'Famine is in thy cheeks; Nee …

needle
1. A small instrument of steel, sharply pointed at one end, with an eye to receive a thread, used in sewing. ... In some needles(as for sewing machines) the eye is at the pointed end, but in ordinary needles it is at the blunt end. ... 2. See Magnetic needle, under Magnetic. ... 3. A slender rod or wire used in knitting; a knitting needle; also, a hoo …

needle bath
A bath in which water is projected forcibly against the body in many very fine jets. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

needle biopsy
Removal of a sample of tissue from the breast using a wide-core needle with suction. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

needle culture
Synonym for stab culture ... A culture produced by inserting an inoculating needle with inoculum down the centre of a solid medium contained in a test tube. ... Synonym: needle culture. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

needle forceps
Synonym for needle-holder ... An instrument for grasping a needle in suturing. ... Synonym: needle forceps. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

needle point tracing
A tracing of mandibular movements made by means of a device attached to the opposing arches; its shape resembles that of an arrowhead or a Gothic arch, and when the instrument's marking point is at the apex of the arch, the jaws are considered to be in centric relation. ... Synonym: arrow point tracing, Gothic arch tracing, Gothic arch, stylus traci …

needle sharing
Usage of a single needle among two or more people for injecting drugs. Needle sharing is a high-risk behaviour for contracting infectious disease. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

needle-exchange programs
Organised services for exchange of sterile needles and syringes used for injections as a potential means of reducing the transmission of infectious diseases. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

needle-holder
An instrument for grasping a needle in suturing. ... Synonym: needle forceps. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

needles
Sharp instruments used for puncturing or suturing. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Needles, Carl
<person> U.S. Paediatrician, *1935. ... See: Melnick-Needles syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Needles, J
<person> U.S. Dentist. ... See: Needles' split cast method. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Needles' split cast method
Synonym for split cast method ... A procedure for placing indexed casts on an articulator to facilitate their removal and replacement on the instrument, the procedure of checking the ability of an articulator to receive or be adjusted to a maxillomandibular relation record. ... Synonym: Needles' split cast method. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

needlestick injuries
Penetrating stab wounds caused by needles. They are of special concern to health care workers since such injuries put them at risk for developing infectious disease. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

needling
Discission of a soft or secondary cataract. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Neelsen, Friedrich
<person> German pathologist, 1854-1894. ... See: Ziehl-Neelsen stain. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

neencephalon
Edinger's term for the higher levels of the central nervous system superimposed upon the metameric or propriospinal system (paleencephalon). ... Synonym: neoencephalon. ... Origin: G. Neos, new, + enkephalos, brain ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

NEEP
<abbreviation> Negative end-expiratory pressure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Neethling virus
See: lumpyskin disease virus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

nef
An HIV regulatory protein whose functions are not wen understood. HIV without nef appears to be less infectious. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

nefopam
<chemical> 3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-5-methyl-1-phenyl-1h-2,5-benzoxazocine hydrochloride. Non-narcotic analgesic chemically similar to orphenadrine. Its mechanism of action is unclear. It is used for the relief of acute and chronic pain. ... Pharmacological action: analgesics, non-narcotic. ... Chemical name: 1H-2,5-Benzoxazocine, 3,4,5,6-tetrahydro- …

nefopam hydrochloride
3,4,5,6-Tetrahydro-5-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-2,5-benzoxazocine hydrochloride;an analgesic agent. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Neftel, William
<person> U.S. Neurologist, 1830-1906. ... See: Neftel's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Neftel's disease
Paresthesia of the head and trunk, and extreme discomfort in any but the recumbent position. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

negation
Synonym for denial ... <psychology> Refusal to admit the truth or reality of a situation or experience. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

negative
Not affirming the presence of the organism or condition in question (a negative diagnosis). ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

negative accommodation
The decrease of accommodation that occurs when shifting from near vision to distance vision. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

negative afterimage
An afterimage in which the lightness relationship is reversed; if chromatic, it appears in complementary colour. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

negative anergy
A reduction of the normal or usual immunologic responses because of unrelated intervening disease. ... Synonym: non-specific anergy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

negative base excess
A measure of metabolic acidosis, usually predicted from the Siggaard-Andersen nomogram; the amount of strong alkali that would have to be added per unit volume of whole blood to titrate it to pH 7.4 while at 37°C and at a carbon dioxide pressure of 40 mm Hg. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

negative binomial distribution
<epidemiology> A distribution which is parameterised by a mean m and an aggregation parameter k which is large when aggregation is small; in fact as k becomes large, the negative binomial distribution approximates the Poisson distribution. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

negative control
Regulation of an enzyme activity by an inhibitor of that enzyme or regulation of a protein by repression of transcription. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

negative convergence
The slight divergence of the visual axes when convergence is at rest, as when observing the far point or during sleep. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

negative cooperativity
Cooperativity in which successive ligand molecules appear to bind with decreasing affinity. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

negative crystal
<microscopy> A uniaxial crystal is optically negative if epsilon is less than omega A biaxial crystal is said to be optically negative if gamma minus beta is less than beta is less than beta minus alpha. Otherwise the crystal is positive. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

negative electrode
Synonym for cathode ... <chemistry, physics> The electrode in an electrochemical cell toward which cations are drawn and where reduction occurs. ... The negatively charged electrode in a vacuum tube. ... (16 Mar 1998) ...

negative electrotaxis
Electrotaxis by which an organism is attracted toward an anode or repelled from a cathode. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

negative end-expiratory pressure
A subatmospheric pressure at the airway at the end of expiration. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

negative eyepiece
<microscopy> An eyepiece in which the real image of the object is formed between the lens elements of the eyepiece. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

negative feedback
This occurs where the products of a process can act at an earlier stage in the process to inhibit their own formation. The term was first used widely in conjunction with electrical amplifiers where negative feedback was applied to limit distortion of the signal by the amplification mechanism. Tends to stabilise the process. In contrast to positive …

negative focal length
<physics> The focal length of a negative lens. Parallel rays impinging on a negative lens can be traced to a virtual focus which exists on the same side of the lens as the impinging rays. The distance from the second principal point of the lens to this second focal point is measured on the same side of the lens as is the object. ... See: negat …

negative G
Gravity in a foot-to-head direction in flying, or in standing on one's head; opposite of positive G. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

negative image
Synonym for afterimage ... Continuation of visual impression after cessation of stimuli causing the original image. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

negative lens
<physics> A lens with a negative focal length. The edge of a negative lens is thicker than the centre. The three negative lenses are, according to their figure: planoconcave, double concave or biconcave, and diverging concavoconvex or diverging meniscus. ... See: lens, simple. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

negative meniscus
Synonym for diverging meniscus ... A convexoconcave lens in which the power of the concavity exceeds that of the convexity. ... Synonym: negative meniscus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

negative phase
The period during which the opsonic index is lowered following the injection of a vaccine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

negative pressure
Pressure less than that of the ambient atmosphere. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

negative regulation
Negative feedback in biological systems mediated by allosteric regulatory enzymes. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

negative S
Synonym for flotation constant ... Characteristic sedimentation behaviour of a lipoprotein fraction of plasma in a centrifugal field in a medium of appropriate density, achieved by adding a salt or D2O to the plasma. ... Synonym: negative S, Svedberg of flotation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

negative scotoma
A scotoma that is not ordinarily perceived, but is detected only on examination of the visual field. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

negative stain
<technique> Stain forming an opaque or coloured background against which the object to be demonstrated appears as a translucent or colourless area; in electron microscopy, an electron opaque material, such as phosphotungstic acid or sodium phosphotungstate, is used to give detail as to surface structure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

negative staining
Microscopic technique in which the object stands out against a dark background of stain. For electron microscopy the sample is suspended in a solution of an electron dense stain such as sodium phosphotungstate and then sprayed onto a support grid. The stain dries as structureless solid and fills all crevices in the sample. When examined in the elec …

negative strand virus
A virus the genome of which is a strand of RNA that is complementary to messenger RNA; negative strand virus's also carry RNA polymerases necessary for the synthesis of messenger RNA. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...