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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197
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antrotoniaTonus of the muscular walls of an antrum, such as that of the stomach. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
antrotympanicRelating to the mastoid antrum and the tympanic cavity. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
antrumA general term for cavity or chamber which may have specific meaning in reference certain organs or sites in the body. The antrum of the stomach (gastric antrum) is a portion before the outlet which is lined by mucosa which does not produce acid. The paranasal sinuses can be referred to as the frontal antrum, ethmoid antrum, and maxillary antrum.
antrum auris
Synonym for external acoustic meatus ... The passage leading inward through the tympanic portion of the temporal bone, from the auricle to the tympanic membrane; it consists of a bony (inner) portion and a fibrocartilaginous (outer) portion, the cartilaginous external acoustic meatus. ... Synonym: meatus acusticus externus, acoustic meatus, antrum au …
antrum cardiacum
A dilation that occasionally occurs in the oesophagus near the stomach. ... Synonym: forestomach. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
antrum mastoideum
Synonym for mastoid antrum ... A cavity in the petrous portion of the temporal bone, communicating posteriorly with the mastoid cells and anteriorly with the epitympanic recess of the middle ear via the aperture of the mastoid antrum. ... Synonym: antrum mastoideum, tympanic antrum, Valsalva's antrum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
antrum of Highmore
Synonym for maxillary sinus ... A air filled cavity within the maxilla (bone that forms the face and upper jaw). The maxillary sinus is located just below the bony prominence of the cheek ... (27 Sep 1997) ...
antrum pyloricum
Synonym for pyloric antrum ... The initial portion of the pyloric part of the stomach, which may temporarily become partially or completely shut off from the remainder of the stomach during digestion by peristaltic contraction of the prepyloric 'sphincter'; it is demarcated, sometimes, from the second part of the pyloric part of the stomach (pyloric …
ants
Insects of the family formicidae, very common and widespread, probably the most successful of all the insect groups. All ants are social insects, and most colonies contain three castes, queens, males, and workers. Their habits are often very elaborate and a great many studies have been made of ant behaviour. Ants produce a number of secretions that …
ants, fire
Originally from S. America. Among the worst insect pests ever to invade the U.S. Red or yellowish ants of small-to-medium size with a severe sting that burns like fire. They normally feed on small insects but, with denser populations, they eat seeds and seedling plants, damage grain and vegetable crops, invade kitchens, attack newly hatched poultry …
ants, velvet
Common in most parts of the world including the Southern and Southwestern U.S., velvet ants are not true ants but rather parasitic wasps. Their sting can trigger allergic reactions. Avoidance, prompt treatment and, in selected cases, allergy injection therapy are useful. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
ANTU
<abbreviation> Alpha-naphthylthiourea. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Antyllus
Greek physician, ca. 150 AntyllusD. ... See: Antyllus' method. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Antyllus' method
Ligation of the artery above and below an aneurysm, followed by incision into and emptying of the sac. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
anucleate
<cell biology> Having no nucleus. ... (13 Jan 1998) ...
anucleolate
<cell biology> Literally, having no nucleoli. An anucleolate mutant of Xenopus (viable when heterozygous) is used in nuclear transplantation experiments because nuclei are of identifiable origin. ... (13 Jan 1998) ...
ANUG
<abbreviation> Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
anular
Synonym for annular ... <dermatology> Arranged in or forming a ring. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
anulus
An alternate term for ring. ... Origin: L. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
anuresis
An obsolete term for inability to pass urine. ... Origin: G. An-priv. + ouresis, urination ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
anuretic
Relating to anuresis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
anuria
<nephrology> The complete suppression of urinary secretion by the kidneys. ... Synonym: anuresis. ... Origin: Gr. Ouron = urine ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
anuric
Relating to anuria. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
anus
<anatomy> The distal or terminal orifice of the alimentary canal. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
anus cerebri
Entrance to the cerebral aqueduct (of Sylvius) from the caudal part of the third ventricle. ... Synonym: aditus ad aqueductum cerebri, Bartholin's anus, opening to cerebral aqueduct. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
anus vesicalis
Rectal emptying into the urinary bladder. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
anus, imperforate
Persistence of the anal membrane, so that the anus is closed. The defect is not always complete; sometimes a narrow opening permits the passage of the bowel contents. When completely imperforate, the anus is seen as a dimple (the proctodeal pit) in the skin of the perineum. The latter condition is often associated with atresia of the lower rectum.< …
anvil
1. An iron block, usually with a steel face, upon which metals are hammered and shaped. ... 2. Anything resembling an anvil in shape or use. ... <anatomy> Specifically, the incus. See Incus. To be on the anvil, to be in a state of discussion, formation, or preparation, as when a scheme or measure is forming, but not matured. ... Origin: OE. Anve …
anvil sound
Synonym for bellmetal resonance ... In cases of a large pulmonary cavity or of pneumothorax, a clear metallic sound obtained by striking a coin, held against the chest, by another coin, or by flicking the chest wall with one's fingernail; the sound is heard on auscultating the chest wall on the same side anteroposteriorly. ... Synonym: anvil sound, b …
anxiety
<psychology> The unpleasant emotional state consisting of psychophysiological responses to anticipation of unreal or imagined danger, ostensibly resulting from unrecognised intrapsychic conflict. ... Physiological concomitants include increased heart rate, altered respiration rate, sweating, trembling, weakness and fatigue, psychological conco …
anxiety attack
An acute episode of anxiety. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
anxiety disorders
Disorders in which anxiety (persistent feelings of apprehension, tension, or uneasiness) is the predominant disturbance. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
anxiety dream
A dream (or nightmare) in which morbid fear and anxiety form an important part. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
anxiety hysteria
Hysteria characterised by manifest anxiety. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
anxiety neurosis
Chronic abnormal distress and worry to the point of panic followed by a tendency to avoid or run from the feared situation, associated with overaction of the sympathetic nervous system. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
anxiety reaction
A sudden bout of anxiety that is often accompanied by the features of hyperventilation (tingling around mouth and in fingertips, rapid breathing, faintness or fainting). ... (27 Sep 1997) ...
anxiety syndrome
<syndrome> The constellation of autonomic nervous system signs and symptoms accompanying the apprehension of danger and dread. ... See: anxiety. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
anxiety tension state
A milder form of an anxiety disorder. ... See: anxiety disorders. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
anxiety, castration
Anxiety due to fantasied injuries to or loss of the genitals. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
anxiety, separation
Anxiety experienced by an individual upon separation from a person or object of particular significance to him. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
anxiolysis
Sedation or hypnosis used to reduce anxiety, agitation or tension. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...
anxiolytic
Medication used to reduce anxiety, agitation or tension. ... Origin: Gr. Lysis = dissolution ... (16 Dec 1997) ...
anxious delirium
Delirium in which the predominating symptom is an incoherent apprehension or anxiety. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
AOC
Synonym for anodal opening contraction ... An obsolete term for the momentary contraction of a muscle under the influence of the positive pole when the circuit is broken. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
aorta
<anatomy> The largest artery in the body which has its origin at the heart. It gives off branches to the extremities, neck and major organs for the purpose of supplying oxygenated blood. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...
aorta abdominalis
Synonym for abdominal aorta ... <anatomy> The largest arterial conduit below the diaphragm. This term refers to the portion of the aorta below the diaphragm to the bifurcation into the right and left common iliac arteries. It supplies blood to the abdominal viscera, pelvic organs and lower extremities. ... (20 Jun 2000) ...
aorta angusta
Congenital narrowness of aorta. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
aorta ascendens
Synonym for ascending aorta ... The part of the aorta prior to the aortic arch from which arise the coronary arteries. ... Synonym: aorta ascendens, ascending part of aorta, pars ascendens aortae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
aorta descendens
Synonym for descending aorta ... A part of the aorta, further divided into the thoracic aorta and the abdominal aorta. ... Synonym: pars descendens aortae, aorta descendens, descending part of aorta. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
aorta thoracica
Synonym for thoracic aorta ... The part of the descending aorta that supplies structures as far down as the diaphragm. ... Synonym: pars thoracica aortae, aorta thoracica, thoracic part of aorta. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
aorta, thoracic
The portion of the descending aorta proceeding from the arch of the aorta and extending to the diaphragm. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
aortal
Synonym for aortic ... Relating to the aorta or the aortic orifice of the left ventricle of the heart. ... Synonym: aortal. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
aortalgia
Pain assumed to be due to aneurysm or other pathologic conditions of the aorta. ... Origin: aorta + G. Algos, pain ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
aortarctia
Synonym: aortostenosis. ... Origin: aorta + L. Arcto, properly arto, to narrow ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
aortartia
Synonym for aortostenosis ... Narrowing of the aorta. ... Synonym: aortarctia, aortartia. ... Origin: aorta + G. Stenosis, a narrowing ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
aortectasis
Aortectasia ... Dilation of aorta. ... Origin: aorta + G. Ektasis, a stretching ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
aortectomy
<procedure> Excision of a portion of the aorta. ... Origin: aorta + G. Ektome, excision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
aortic
Relating to the aorta or the aortic orifice of the left ventricle of the heart. ... Synonym: aortal. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
aortic aneurysm
Dangeous ballooning of the aorta (the main artery leaving the heart) which is caused by disease in the artery's wall. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
aortic aneurysm, abdominal
An aneurysm in that part of the aorta continuing from the thoracic region and giving rise to the inferior phrenic, lumbar, median sacral, mesenteric, renal, and ovarian or testicular arteries. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
aortic aneurysm, thoracic
An aneurysm in the proximal portion of the descending aorta proceeding from the arch of the aorta and giving rise to the bronchial, oesophageal, pericardiac, and mediastinal branches. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
aortic arch
The curved portion between the ascending and descending parts of the aorta; it begins as a continuation of the ascending aorta posterior to the sternal angle, runs posteriorly and slightly to the left as it passes over the root of the left lung, and becomes the descending aorta as it reaches and begins to course along the vertebral column; it gives …
aortic arch syndrome
<syndrome> Aortic arch syndrome, also referred to by many as vertebral-basilar artery disease, carotid artery occlusive syndrome and subclavian steal syndrome is characterised by a constellation of signs and symptoms which occur secondary to abnormalities in the major arteries which extend off of the aortic arch. These abnormalities are struc …
aortic arch syndromes
Any of a group of disorders leading to occlusion of the arteries arising from the aortic arch. Such occlusion may be caused by atherosclerosis, arterial embolism, syphilitic or tuberculous arteritis, etc. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
aortic area
The region of the chest wall over the second right costal cartilage, where sounds produced at the aortic orifice are often best heard. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
aortic atresia
Congenital absence of the normal valvular orifice into the aorta. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
aortic bodies
Small clusters of chemoreceptive and supporting cells located near the aortic arch, the pulmonary arteries, and the coronary arteries. The aortic bodies sense pH, carbon dioxide, and oxygen concentrations in the blood and participate in the control of respiration. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
aortic body tumour
Synonym for chemodectoma ... Aortic body, carotid body, chemoreceptor, or glomus jugulare tumour; nonchromaffin paraganglioma; receptoma; a relatively rare, usually benign neoplasm originating in the chemoreceptor tissue of the carotid body, glomus jugulare, and aortic bodies; consisting histologically of rounded or ovoid hyperchromatic cells that t …
aortic bulb
The dilated first part of the aorta containing the aortic semilunar valves and the aortic sinuses. ... Synonym: bulbus aortae, arterial bulb. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
aortic coarctation
<radiology> most frequent cause of PVH and congestive heart failure in 2nd and 3rd weeks of life associated with, bicuspid aortic valve (50-80%), calcific aortic stenosis (due to bicuspid valve), patent ductus arteriosus or VSD (in most) see also: abdominal aortic coarctation ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
aortic curtain
An intertrigonal sheet of fibrous tissue between the aortic annulus and the anterior leaflet of the mitral valve. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
aortic dissection
A pathologic process, characterised by splitting of the media layer of the aorta, which leads to formation of a dissecting aneurysm. Classified according to location as follows: type I involves the ascending aorta, transverse arch, and distal aorta; type II is confined to the ascending aorta; type III extends distally in the descending aorta. ... (0 …
aortic dwarfism
Underdevelopment of physical stature associated with severe aortic stenosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
aortic facies
The pale sallow complexion of one suffering from incompetence of the aortic valve. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
aortic foramen
Synonym for aortic hiatus ... The opening in the diaphragm bounded by the two crura, the vertebral column, and the median arcuate ligament, through which pass the aorta and thoracic duct. ... Synonym: hiatus aorticus, aortic foramen, aortic opening. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
aortic hiatus
The opening in the diaphragm bounded by the two crura, the vertebral column, and the median arcuate ligament, through which pass the aorta and thoracic duct. ... Synonym: hiatus aorticus, aortic foramen, aortic opening. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
aortic incompetence
Defective closure of the aortic valve permitting regurgitation into the left ventricle during diastole. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
aortic insufficiency
A congenital or acquired heart valve abnormality that results in the abnormal back flow of blood in the aorta, through an incompetent aortic valve and into the left ventricle. Chronic aortic insufficiency leads to enlargement of the left ventricle and pulmonary congestion. If left uncorrected, congestive heart failure will result. Aortic valve repl …
aortic knob
The prominent shadow of the aortic arch on a frontal chest radiograph. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
aortic knuckle
The contour of the aortic arch protruding from the mediastinal silhouette in an anteroposterior (AP) radiograph of the chest. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
aortic laceration
<radiology> Deceleration injury, 80% at aortic isthmus (just distal to insertion of lig. Arteriosum), other sites: proximal ascending aorta, descending aorta at diaphragmatic hiatus, transverse aortic arch, laceration usually transverse, all layers involved in only 40% ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
aortic lymphatic plexus
A plexus of lymph nodes and connecting vessels lying along the lower portion of the abdominal aorta. ... Synonym: plexus aorticus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
aortic murmur
A murmur produced at the aortic orifice, either obstructive or regurgitant. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
aortic nerve
<anatomy, nerve> A branch of the vagus which ends in the aortic arch and base of the heart; composed entirely of afferent fibres; its stimulation elicits a brainstem reflex which causes slowing of the heart, dilation of the peripheral vessels, and a fall in blood pressure. ... Synonym: Cyon's nerve, depressor nerve of Ludwig, Ludwig's nerve.
aortic notch
The notch in a sphygmographic tracing caused by rebound following closure of the aortic valves. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
aortic occlusion
A blockage of the aorta somewhere along its path. This can result in irreversible damage to the organs which depend on aortic blood below the level of the blockage. ... See: atherosclerosis. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...
aortic opening
Synonym for aortic hiatus ... The opening in the diaphragm bounded by the two crura, the vertebral column, and the median arcuate ligament, through which pass the aorta and thoracic duct. ... Synonym: hiatus aorticus, aortic foramen, aortic opening. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
aortic orifice
The opening from the left ventricle into the ascending aorta; it is guarded by the aortic valve. ... Synonym: ostium aortae, aortic ostium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
aortic ostium
Synonym for aortic orifice ... The opening from the left ventricle into the ascending aorta; it is guarded by the aortic valve. ... Synonym: ostium aortae, aortic ostium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
aortic pseudo-coarctation
<radiology> Aortic kinking, rare congenital anomaly of aortic arch, long, redundant thoracic aorta, 3-sign, associated with aortic valve abnormalities (bicuspid valve, AI, AS), can develop aneurysms, no haemodynamic obstruction, no congenital heart disease Cf: coarctation ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
aortic reflex
Synonym for cardiac depressor reflex ... A fall in blood pressure due to peripheral vasodilation and cardiac inhibition by stimulations of terminations of a cardiac depressor nerve in the aortic arch and base of the heart. ... Synonym: aortic reflex, depressor reflex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
aortic regurgitation
A congenital or acquired heart valve abnormality that results in the abnormal back flow of blood in the aorta, through an incompetent aortic valve and into the left ventricle. Chronic aortic insufficiency leads to enlargement of the left ventricle and pulmonary congestion. If left uncorrected, congestive heart failure will result. Aortic valve repl …
aortic rupture
Tearing of aortic tissue. It may be rupture of an aneurysm or it may be due to trauma. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
aortic sac
In mammalian embryos, the endothelially lined dilation just distal to the truncus arteriosus; it is the primordial vascular channel from which the aortic arches arise and is homologous to the ventral aorta of gill-bearing vertebrates. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
aortic septal defect
A small congenital opening between the aorta and pulmonary artery about 1 cm above the semilunar valves, e.g., aorticopulmonary window. ... Synonym: aorticopulmonary window. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
aortic sinus
The space between the superior aspect of each cusp of the aortic valve and the dilated portion of the wall of the ascending aorta, immediately above each cusp. ... Synonym: sinus aortae, Petit's sinus, Valsalva's sinus. ... Arlt's sinus, an inconstant depression on the lower portion of the internal surface of the lacrimal sac. ... Barber's pilonidal s …
aortic sinus aneurysm
Abnormal dilation of one or more of the three aortic sinuses situated behind the three aortic valve cusps. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
aortic spindle
A fusiform dilation of the aorta immediately beyond the isthmus. ... Synonym: His' spindle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
aortic stenosis
Progressive narrowing of the aortic valve resulting in the obstructed passage of blood from the left ventricle into the aorta. Causes for aortic stenosis include rheumatic fever, congenital and idiopathic sclerosis. Chronic stenosis can lead to left ventricular enlargement and congestive heart failure. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...
aortic sulcus
A broad deep groove on the medial aspect of the left lung above and behind the hilum receiving the arch of the aorta and the thoracic aorta. ... Synonym: sulcus aorticus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
