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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

anthropo-
Human. ... Origin: G. Anthropos, a human being (of either sex) ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anthropobiology
The study of the biologic relationships of humans as a species. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anthropocentric
With a human bias, under the assumption that man is the central fact of the universe. ... Origin: anthropo-+ G. Kentron, centre ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anthropogenesis
Synonym for anthropogeny ... The origin and development of man, both individual and racial. ... Synonym: anthropogenesis, anthropogony. ... Origin: anthropo-+ G. Genesis, origin ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anthropogenic
Anthropogenetic ... Relating to anthropogeny. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anthropogeny
The origin and development of man, both individual and racial. ... Synonym: anthropogenesis, anthropogony. ... Origin: anthropo-+ G. Genesis, origin ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anthropogony
Synonym for anthropogeny ... The origin and development of man, both individual and racial. ... Synonym: anthropogenesis, anthropogony. ... Origin: anthropo-+ G. Genesis, origin ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anthropography
That branch of anthropology which treats of the actual distribution of the human race in its different divisions, as distinguished by physical character, language, institutions, and customs, in contradistinction to ethnography, which treats historically of the origin and filiation of races and nations. ... Origin: Gr. Man. ... Source: Websters Dictio …

anthropoid
1. Resembling man in structure and form. ... 2. One of the monkeys resembling man; an ape. ... Origin: G. Anthropo-eides, man-like ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anthropoid pelvis
An apelike pelvis, with a long anteroposterior diameter and a narrow transverse diameter. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anthropology
1. The science of the structure and functions of the human body. ... 2. <study> The science of man; sometimes used in a limited sense to mean the study of man as an object of natural history, or as an animal. ... 3. That manner of expression by which the inspired writers attribute human parts and passions to God. ... Origin: Gr. Man. ... (04 Mar …

anthropology, cultural
The study of social phenomena which characterise the learned, shared, and transmitted social activities of a particular ethnic group. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

anthropology, physical
The comparative science dealing with the physical characteristics of man as related to his origin, evolution, and development in his total environment. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

anthropometer
An instrument for measuring various dimensions of the human body. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anthropometric
Relating to anthropometry. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anthropometry
The technique that deals with the measurement of the size, weight, and proportions of the human or other primate body. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

anthropomorphosis
<biology> Transformation into the form of a human being. ... (04 Mar 1998) ...

anthropomorphous
<biology> Having the figure of, or resemblance to, a man; as, an anthromorphous plant. 'Anthromorphous apes.' ... (04 Mar 1998) ...

anthroponomy
The study of the laws governing the development of the human species and the relation to the environment. ... Origin: anthropo-+ G. Nomos, law ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anthropopathy
Attribution of human feelings to nonhumans, e.g., to gods or lower animals. ... Origin: anthropo-+ G. Pathos, suffering ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anthropophilic
Human-seeking or human-preferring, especially with reference to: 1) bloodsucking arthropods, denoting the preference of a parasite for the human host as a source of blood or tissues over an animal host; and 2) dermatophytic fungi which grow preferentially on humans rather than other animals. ... Origin: anthropo-+ G. Phileo, to love ... (05 Mar 2000) …

anthropophobia
<psychology> Morbid aversion to or dread of human companionship. ... Synonym: phobanthropy. ... Origin: anthropo-+ G. Phobos, fear ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anthroposcopy
Judging body type and build by inspection. ... Origin: anthropo-+ G. Skopeo, to view ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anthroposomatology
That part of anthropology concerned with the human body, e.g., anatomy, physiology, or pathology. ... Origin: anthropo-+ G. Soma, body, + logos, study ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anthroposophy
Knowledge of the nature of man. A spiritual and mystical doctrine that grew out of theosophy and derives mainly from the philosophy of rudolph steiner, austrian social philosopher (1861-1925). (webster, 3d ed) ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

anthropozoonosis
A zoonosis maintained in nature by animals and transmissible to man; e.g., rabies, brucellosis. ... Compare: zooanthroponosis, amphixenosis. ... Origin: anthropo-+ G. Zoon, animal, + nosos, disease ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anti-allergic agents
Agents that are used to treat allergic reactions. most of these drugs act by preventing the release of inflammatory mediators or inhibiting the actions of released mediators on their target cells. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

anti-anxiety agents
Agents that alleviate anxiety, tension, and neurotic symptoms, promote sedation, and have a calming effect without affecting clarity of consciousness or neurologic conditions. Some are also effective as anticonvulsants, muscle relaxants, or anaesthesia adjuvants. Adrenergic beta-antagonists are commonly used in the symptomatic treatment of anxiety …

anti-arrhythmia agents
Agents used for the treatment or prevention of cardiac arrhythmias. They may affect the polarization-repolarization phase of the action potential, its excitability or refractoriness, or impulse conduction or membrane responsiveness within cardiac fibres. Anti-arrhythmia agents are often classed into four main groups according to their mechanism of …

anti-asthmatic agents
Drugs that are used to treat asthma. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

anti-basement membrane antibody
Autoantibodies to renal glomerular basement membrane antigens. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anti-basement membrane nephritis
Glomerulonephritis produced by autologous or heterologous antibodies to the glomerular capillary basement membranes, the latter known as anti-kidney serum nephritis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anti-black-tongue factor
Synonym for nicotinic acid ... A precursor of NAD, that is a product of the oxidation of nicotine. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

anti-coagulant agents
Medications, like heparin, used as blood-thinners to prevent blood clots and to maintain open blood vesssels. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

anti-D immunoglobulin
rHo(D) immune globulin ...

anti-DNAse B
This is a serologic blood test used to detect antibodies against antideoxyribonuclease B (anti-DNAse B), an antigen that is produced by group A streptococci. This test is used to document a previous streptococcal infection in those who are suspected of having post-streptococcal disease (for example acute glomerulonephritis, rheumatic fever). A norm …

anti-dyskinesia agents
Drugs used in the treatment of movement disorders. most of these act centrally on dopaminergic or cholinergic systems. Among the most important clinically are those used for the treatment of parkinson disease (antiparkinson agents) and those for the tardive dyskinesias. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

anti-G
In the strict sense, a term that means 'antigravity' but, as commonly used, an adjectival term that implies protection against the effects of gravity (e.g., anti-G suit). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anti-G suit
A garment with bladders that expand to apply external pressure to the abdomen and lower extremities during positive G manoeuvres in flight or on a human centrifuge; the anti-G suit is worn to prevent the pooling of blood and serves to increase the wearer's ability to withstand exposure to higher G forces. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anti-HBc
Antibody to the hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anti-HBe
Antibody to the hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anti-HBs
Antibody to the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anti-HIV agents
Agents used to treat aids and/or stop the spread of the HIV infection. These do not include drugs used to treat symptoms or opportunistic infections associated with aids. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

anti-icteric
<pharmacology> A remedy for jaundice. Rarely used term for preventing or curing icterus (jaundice). ... (20 Jun 2000) ...

anti-idiotype antibody
<immunology> An antibody directed against the antigen specific part of the sequence of an antibody or T-cell receptor and thus recognise the binding sites of other antibodies. ... In principle an anti-idiotype antibody should inhibit a specific immune response and they are important to the regulation of the immune system. ... (13 Nov 1997) ...

anti-idiotype autoantibody
<immunology> An autoantibody, the specificity of which is directed against one of one's own idiotypes. ... See: anti-idiotype antibody. ... Synonym: idiotype autoantibody. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anti-infective
<pharmacology> Substances capable of killing infectious agents or of preventing them from spreading and causing infection. ... (20 Jun 2000) ...

anti-infective agents, local
Substances used on humans and other animals that destroy harmful microorganisms or inhibit their activity. They are distinguished from disinfectants, which are used on inanimate objects. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

anti-infective agents, quinolone
A group of synthetic antimicrobial agents which usually contain a 4-quinolinone ring structure. A few compounds belonging to this group have related nitrogen heterocyclic ring structures such as naphthyridine or phthalazine groups. All compounds in this group are substituted with an oxo group at the 4-position. The second-generation quinolones are …

anti-infective agents, urinary
Substances capable of killing agents causing urinary tract infections or of preventing them from spreading. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

anti-inflammatory
Counteracting or suppressing inflammation. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

anti-inflammatory agent
Agents that counteract or suppress the inflammatory process. An antirheumatic agent or inflammation mediator, both endogenous and exogenous substances used to counteract the inflammatory process or alleviate or prevent rheumatic diseases, and the compounds that mediate the inflammation process. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

anti-inflammatory agent, steroidal
Steroidal agents capable of suppressing or counteracting the inflammatory process by acting on body mechanisms, without directly antagonizing the causative agents. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

anti-inflammatory agent, topical
Anti-inflammatory agent that are applied to the skin and whose pharmacological effect only occurs at the area of application. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

anti-insulin
A factor, usually an antibody, which antagonises the action of insulin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anti-insulin antibody
A serologic blood test that is used to detect antibodies to insulin. This test is performed in insulin dependent diabetics who exhibit insulin resistance. The presence of antibodies denotes a positive result. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

anti-kidney serum nephritis
Experimental glomerulonephritis produced by injection of antiserum to kidney. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anti-microsomal antibodies
Anti-microsomal antibodies or anti-thyroid microsomal antibodies measure for the presence of antibody to thyroid microsomes. ... The anti-microsomal antibody or microsomal antibody test is used to diagnose conditions such as Hashimoto's thyroiditis and other autoimmune disorders. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

anti-mitochondrial antibodies
A special serologic test that measures the level of antibodies to a particular portion of a cell (mitochondria). ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

anti-Monson curve
Synonym for reverse curve ... In dentistry, a curve of occlusion which is convex upward. ... Synonym: anti-Monson curve. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anti-obesity agents
Agents that increase energy expenditure and weight loss by neural and chemical regulation. Beta-adrenergic agents and serotoninergic drugs have been experimentally used in patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (niddm) to treat obesity. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

anti-P antibody
<haematology, investigation> A serologic blood test used to detect the Donath-landsteiner antibody in serum. ... This test is performed in cases of suspected paroxysmal cold haemoglobinuria. A normal result is indicated by an absence of antibodies. The antibody is directed toward the P-antigen complex which is located on the surface of red blo …

anti-platelet agents
Medications that, like aspirin, reduce the tendency of platelets in the blood to clump and clot. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

anti-S
See MNSs blood group, Blood Groups appendix. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anti-streptolysin O titres
<immunology, microbiology> A special serologic test, known as anti-streptolysin O, that measures the quantity of antibody to a component of streptococcal bacteria. ... A useful diagnostic test for scarlet fever, rheumatic fever and other streptococcal disease. ... (13 Jan 1998) ...

anti-tac
Monoclonal antibody that recognises a drain of the IL-2 receptor. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anti-ulcer agents
Various agents with different action mechanisms used to treat or ameliorate ulcers or irritation of the gastrointestinal tract. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

antiacid
<chemistry> An agent that counteracts or neutralises acidity (as an alkali or absorbent). ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

antiadrenergic
Antagonistic to the action of sympathetic or other adrenergic nerve fibres. ... See: sympatholytic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antiagglutinin
A specific antibody that inhibits or destroys the action of an agglutinin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antialexin
Synonym for anticomplement ... A substance that combines with a complement and so neutralises its action by preventing its union with the antibody. ... Synonym: antialexin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antiallergic
<immunology> Counteracting allergy or allergic conditions. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

antialopecia factor
A member of the vitamin B complex necessary for growth of yeast and of mice, absence from the diet causes hair loss and dermatitis in mice. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

antianaemic
Pertaining to factors or substances that prevent or correct anaemic conditions. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antianaemic factor
Synonym for vitamin B12 ... <biochemistry> Member of the water soluble B vitamin group, important in the proper function of the nervous system and important in proper carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

antianaemic principle
The material in liver (and certain other tissues) that stimulates haemopoiesis in pernicious anaemia; for practical purposes, the antianaemic effect of extracts from such tissues is approximately equivalent to the content of vitamin B12. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antianaphylaxis
Synonym for desensitization ... 1. The reduction or abolition of allergic sensitivity or reactions to the specific antigen (allergen). ... Synonym: ananaphylaxis, antianaphylaxis. ... 2. The act of removing an emotional complex. ... Synonym: hyposensitization. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antiandrogen
A substance which interferes with the function of an androgen, or male sex hormone, by taking over the androgen's receptors. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

antianginal
Counteracting angina or anginal conditions. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

antiantibody
Antibody specific for another antibody. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antiantitoxin
An antiantibody that inhibits or counteracts the effects of an antitoxin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antianxiety agent
A functional category of drugs useful in the treatment of anxiety and able to reduce anxiety at doses which do not cause excessive sedation (e.g., diazepam). ... Synonym: anxiolytic, minor tranquilliser. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antiarachnolysin
An antivenin counteracting the poison (lysin) of a spider. ... Origin: anti-+ G. Arachne, spider, + lysin ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antiarrhythmic
An agent that prevents or alleviates cardiac arrhythmia. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

antiasthmatic
An agent that relieves the spasm of asthma. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

antiautolysin
An antibody that inhibits or neutralises the activity of an autolysin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antibacterial
A substance that destroys bacteria or suppresses their growth or reproduction. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

antibacterial ointment
A ointment (or cream) based medication that kills bacteria. ... Examples include Neosporin, Bactroban, Garamycin, bacitracin, gentamicin, mupirocin, neomycin, silver sulphasalazine, chloramphenicol and clindamycin. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

antibacterial soap
A cleanser which destroys bacteria (for example Betadine, pHisoHex). ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

antibechic
Synonym: antitussive. ... Origin: anti-+ G. Bex (bech-), cough ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antiberiberi factor
Synonym: thiamin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antiberiberi vitamin
Synonym for thiamin ... A member of the water-soluble B vitamin group, necessary for energy production and carbohydrate metabolism. Deficiency is known as beriberi. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

antibiogram
<investigation> An examination that measures the biological resistance of substances causing disease, performed prior to chemotherapy so as to make it more efficient. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

antibiont
A microorganism producing antimicrobial substance. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antibiosis
A relationship between two species in which one species is actively harmed (as by the production of toxins by the harming species). ... Compare: symbiosis. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

antibiotherapy
A therapy that uses antibiotics to treat infections. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

antibiotic
<pharmacology> A chemical substance produced by a microorganism which has the capacity, in dilute solutions, to inhibit the growth of or to kill other microorganisms. ... Antibiotics that are sufficiently nontoxic to the host are used as chemotherapeutic agents in the treatment of infectious diseases of man, animals and plants. ... Origin: Gr. …

antibiotic assay
<investigation> A test to determine how sensitive a bacterial or fungal strain is to arange of antibiotics bymeasuring the microbes' ability to grow in astandard dilution of each chemical. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

antibiotic enterocolitis
Enterocolitis caused by oral administration of broad spectrum antibiotics, resulting from overgrowth of antibiotic-resistant staphylococci or yeasts and fungi, when the normal faecal Gram-negative organisms are suppressed, resulting in diarrhoea or pseudomembranous disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antibiotic eye drops
<pharmacology> A medication that is pH balanced to allow placement into the eye for the purpose of killing bacteria. ... Examples include: Bleph-10, Chloromycetin, Cortisporin-Ophthalmic, Gantrisin, Genoptic, Gentacidin, Garamycin, Gantrisin, Ilotycin, Sodium Sulamyd and Sulphair. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...