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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

aortic ultrasound
An ultrasound examination of the aorta to determine its size, shape and course. The diagnosis of abdominal aortic aneurysm can be made using this test. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

aortic valve
The heart valve that divides the left ventricle and the aorta. The aortic valve opens during left ventricular contraction and then closes to prohibit the backwash of oxygenated blood from the aorta into the ventricle. The aortic valve has 3 valve cusps. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

aortic valve insufficiency
Backflow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle, owing to imperfect functioning of the aortic semilunar valve. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

aortic valve prolapse
The downward displacement of the cuspal material (misalignment of the cusps) below a line joining points of attachment of the aortic valve leaflets. The prolapsed cusp may occlude the ventricular septal defect during ventricular diastole. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

aortic valve stenosis
Narrowing of the orifice of the aortic valve or of the supravalular or subvalvular regions. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

aortic vestibule
The anterosuperior portion of the left ventricle of the heart immediately below the aortic orifice, having fibrous walls and affording room for the segments of the closed aortic valve. ... Synonym: Sibson's aortic vestibule, vestibulum aortae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aortic-pulmonic window
Synonym for aortopulmonary window ... The indentation of the left side of the mediastinum by the lung partially interposed between the aortic arch and the left pulmonary artery, seen on frontal radiographs of the chest. ... Synonym: aortic-pulmonic window. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aortico-left ventricular tunnel
Congenital connection between the aorta above exit of coronary arteries and the left ventricle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aorticopulmonary window
Synonym for aortic septal defect ... A small congenital opening between the aorta and pulmonary artery about 1 cm above the semilunar valves, e.g., aorticopulmonary window. ... Synonym: aorticopulmonary window. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aorticorenal
Related to the aorta and kidney, specifically the ganglion aorticorenale. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aorticorenal ganglia
A semidetached portion of the coeliac ganglia, at the origin of each renal artery; contains the sympathetic neurons innervating the vasculature of the kidney. ... Synonym: ganglia aorticorenalia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aortoannular ectasia
annuloaortic ectasia ...

aortocoronary
Relating to the aorta and the coronary arteries. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aortocoronary bypass
Synonym for coronary bypass ... Vein grafts or other conduits shunting blood from the aorta to branches of the coronary arteries, to increase the flow beyond the local obstruction. ... Synonym: aortocoronary bypass. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aortogram
The image or set of images resulting from aortography. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aortography
Radiographic visualization of the aorta and its branches by injection of contrast media, using percutaneous puncture or catheterization procedures. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

aortoiliac bypass
An operation in which a vascular prosthesis is united with the aorta and iliac artery to relieve obstruction of the lower abdominal aorta, its bifurcation, and the proximal iliac branches. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aortoiliac occlusive disease
Obstruction of the abdominal aorta and its main branches by atherosclerosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aortopathy
Disease affecting the aorta. ... Origin: aorta + G. Pathos, suffering ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aortopexy
A surgical procedure used to treat tracheomalacia or tracheal compression. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aortoplasty
A procedure for surgical repair of the aorta. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aortoptosia
Aortoptosis ... A sinking down of the abdominal aorta in splanchnoptosia. ... Origin: aorta + G. Ptosis, a failing ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aortopulmonary septal defect
A congenital anomaly in which there is abnormal communication between the ascending aorta and pulmonary artery just above the semilunar valves. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

aortopulmonary septum
The spiral septum which, during development, separates the truncus arteriosus into a ventral pulmonary trunk and dorsal aorta. ... See: bulbar ridge. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aortopulmonary window
The indentation of the left side of the mediastinum by the lung partially interposed between the aortic arch and the left pulmonary artery, seen on frontal radiographs of the chest. ... Synonym: aortic-pulmonic window. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aortorenal bypass
Insertion of a graft of autogenous artery, saphenous vein, or synthetic material between the aorta and the distal renal artery, to circumvent an obstruction of the renal artery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aortorrhaphy
Suture of the aorta. ... Origin: aorta + G. Rhaphe, seam ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aortosclerosis
Arteriosclerosis of the aorta. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aortostenosis
Narrowing of the aorta. ... Synonym: aortarctia, aortartia. ... Origin: aorta + G. Stenosis, a narrowing ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aortotomy
<procedure> Incision of the aorta. ... Origin: aorta + G. Tome, a cutting ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aotinae
A subfamily of the new world monkeys, cebidae, inhabiting the forests of south and central america. The aotinae are also referred to as night monkeys or owl monkeys. There are two species occurring in this subfamily: aotus azarae (southern night monkeys) and aotus trivirgatus (northern night monkeys). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

aotus trivirgatus
A species of the subfamily aotinae, family cebidae, inhabiting the forested regions of central and south america (from panama to the amazon). Vocalizations occur primarily at night when they are active, thus they are also known as northern night monkeys. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

AP
AP is a versatile abbreviation. It serves in cardiology to abbreviate angina pectoris (AP) and arterial pressure (AP). In endocrinology, it stands for the anterior pituitary (AP). And in anatomy, AP means anteroposterior, i.e., from front-to-back. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

AP projection
The alternative frontal radiographic projection, used mainly in bedside or portable radiography. ... Synonym: anteroposterior projection. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ap, X-ray
An X-ray picture in which the beams pass from front-to-back (anteroposterior). As opposed to a PA (posteroanterior) film in which the rays pass through the body from back-to-front. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

AP24 apoptotic protease
<enzyme> Activated during apoptosis; activates internucleosomal DNA fragmentation ... Registry number: EC 3.4.21.- ... Synonym: 24-kD apoptotic protease, apoptotic protease ap24 ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

APA
<abbreviation> Antipernicious anaemia factor. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

apache
An acronym for acute physiology and chronic health evaluation, a scoring system using routinely collected data and providing an accurate, objective description for a broad range of intensive care unit admissions, measuring severity of illness in critically ill patients. This classification system is composed of two parts: a physiology score represe …

APACHE score
Acute physiology and chronic health evaluation. The most widely used method of assessing the severity of illness in acutely ill patients in intensive care units. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ApaLI methylase
<enzyme> Mw 46.5 kD; has 429 amino acid residues; shows significant similarity to cytosine-5 methylases; genbank d78276 ... Registry number: EC 2.1.1.- ... Synonym: m.apali ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

apallesthesia
Synonym: pallanesthesia. ... Origin: G. A-priv. + pallo, to tremble, quiver, + aisthesis, feeling ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

apallic
Synonym: apallic state. ... Origin: G. A-priv. + L. Pallium, brain mantle (cerebral cortex) ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

apallic state
Diffuse, bilateral cerebral cortical degeneration caused by head injury, anoxia, or encephalitis, a state of persistent unresponsiveness, such as akinetic mutism, caused by brain damage. ... See: vegetative. ... Synonym: apallic syndrome, apallic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

apallic syndrome
Synonym for apallic state ... Diffuse, bilateral cerebral cortical degeneration caused by head injury, anoxia, or encephalitis, a state of persistent unresponsiveness, such as akinetic mutism, caused by brain damage. ... See: vegetative. ... Synonym: apallic syndrome, apallic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

apamin
<protein> A small (2027 D) basic peptide present in the venom of the honey bee (Apis mellifera). Blocks calcium activated potassium channels and has an inhibitory action in the central nervous sytem. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

apancreatic
Without a pancreas. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

apansporoblastina
A suborder of parasitic protozoa commonly lacking a pansporoblastic membrane. The sporoblast is usually dinucleate. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

aparalytic
Without paralysis; not causing paralysis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aparathyreosis
Hypoparathyroidism, especially that caused by removal of the parathyroid glands. ... Origin: G. A-priv. + parathyroid + -osis, condition ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aparathyroidism
Congenital absence, deficiency, or surgical removal of the parathyroid glands, with an extreme degree of hypoparathyroidism. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

apareunia
Inability to accomplish sexual intercourse. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

apastia
Fasting, refusal to eat. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

apathetic
Exhibiting apathy; indifferent. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

apathism
A sluggishness of reaction. ... Compare: erethism. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

apathy
<psychology> The lack of feeling or emotion, indifference. ... Origin: Gr. Apatheia ... (13 Nov 1997) ...

apatite calculus
A calculus in which the crystalloid component consists of calcium fluorophosphate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

apatites
A group of phosphate minerals that includes ten mineral species and has the general formula x5(yo4)3z, where x is usually calcium or lead, y is phosphorus or arsenic, and z is chlorine, fluorine, or oh-. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

apazone
<chemical> An anti-inflammatory agent used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. It also has uricosuric properties and has been used to treat gout. ... Pharmacological action: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, uricosuric agents. ... Chemical name: 1H-Pyrazolo(1,2-a)(1,2,4)benzotriazine-1,3(2H)-dione, 5-(dimethylamino)-9-methyl-2-propy …

apc
An premature heartbeat of atrial origin. Generally nonserious and typically exacerbated by stimulant use (for example alcohol, decongestants, caffeine, nicotine). ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

APC compound
An analgesic tablet drug combination containing aspirin, phenacetin and caffeine. Very widely used in the 1940's through 1960's; original constituents of popular over-the-counter pain remedies. Use currently much diminished due to concerns about potential renal injury due to the phenacetin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ape
1. <zoology> A quadrumanous mammal, especially. Of the family Simiadae, having teeth of the same number and form as in man, having teeth of the same number and form as in man, and possessing neither a tail nor cheek pouches. The name is applied esp. To species of the genus Hylobates, and is sometimes used as a general term for all Quadrumana. …

ape diseases
Diseases of apes (pongidae). This term includes diseases of chimpanzees, gorillas, and orangutans. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ape fissure
Synonym for lunate cerebral sulcus ... A small, inconstant semilunar groove on the cortical convexity near the occipital pole, marking the anterior border of the striate cortex (area 17) and considered homologous with the major sulcus of the same name that is a more constant feature of the cerebral cortex in monkeys and apes. ... Synonym: sulcus luna …

ape hand
A deformity marked by extension of the thumb in the same plane as the palm and fingers. ... Synonym: monkey hand, monkey-paw. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

apeidosis
Rarely used term for departure from the normal histologic picture or the characteristic manifestations of a disease. ... Origin: G. Apo, away, + eidos, form ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

apenteric
An obsolete term for abenteric. ... Origin: G. Apo, from, + enteron, intestine ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

apepsinia
Rarely used term for lack of pepsin in the gastric juice. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aperiodic
Not occurring periodically. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aperiodic biopolymer
A biopolymer consisting of nonidentical subunits present in a nonperiodic sequence. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aperiosteal amputation
Amputation with removal of periosteum from bone at the site of amputation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aperistalsis
Absence of peristalsis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aperitive
A compound that stimulates the appetite. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

Apert
Eugene, French paediatrician, 1868-1940. ... See: Apert's hirsutism, Apert's syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Apert syndrome
<syndrome> Apert (1906) defined a syndrome characterised by skull malformation (acrocephaly of brachysphenocephalic type) due to the premature closure of the cranial sutures and syndactyly of the hands and feet of a special type (complete distal fusion with a tendency to fusion also of the bony structures). The hand, when all the fingers are …

Apert's hirsutism
Hirsutism caused by a virilizing disorder of adrenocortical origin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Apert's syndrome
Synonym for acrocephalosyndactyly ... <paediatrics> A usually inherited disorder characterised by premature closing of the cranial suture lines resulting in a peaked shaped head and abnormal facial appearance. ... Since it is usually autosomal dominant one or both parents also have the disorder. Surgery is used to correct skull and facial abnor …

apertognathia
An open bite deformity, a type of malocclusion characterised by premature posterior occlusion and absence of anterior occlusion. ... Synonym: open bite. ... Origin: L. Apertus, open, + G. Gnathos, jaw ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

apertometer
Instrument for measuring the angular aperture of a microscope objective. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

apertura
Synonym: aperture. ... Origin: L. Fr. Aperio, pp. Apertus, to open ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

apertura mediana ventriculi quarti
Synonym for medial aperture of the fourth ventricle ... The large midline opening in the posterior inferior part of the roof of the fourth ventricle, connecting the ventricle with the cerebellomedullary cistern. ... Synonym: apertura mediana ventriculi quarti, arachnoid foramen, Magendie's foramen, median aperture of the fourth ventricle. ... (05 Mar …

apertura pelvis inferior
Synonym for inferior pelvic aperture ... The lower opening of the true pelvis, bounded anteriorly by the pubic arch, laterally by the rami of the ischium and the sacrotuberous ligament on either side, and posteriorly by these ligaments and the tip of the coccyx. ... Synonym: apertura pelvis inferior, apertura pelvis minoris, fourth parallel pelvic pl …

apertura pelvis minoris
Synonym for inferior pelvic aperture ... The lower opening of the true pelvis, bounded anteriorly by the pubic arch, laterally by the rami of the ischium and the sacrotuberous ligament on either side, and posteriorly by these ligaments and the tip of the coccyx. ... Synonym: apertura pelvis inferior, apertura pelvis minoris, fourth parallel pelvic pl …

apertura pelvis superior
Synonym for superior pelvic aperture ... The upper opening of the true pelvis, bounded anteriorly by the pubic symphysis and the pubic crest on either side, laterally by the iliopectineal lines, and posteriorly by the promontory of the sacrum. ... Synonym: apertura pelvis superior, aditus pelvis, first parallel pelvic plane, pelvic brim, pelvic inlet …

apertura piriformis
Synonym for anterior nasal aperture ... The anterior nasal opening in the skull. ... Synonym: apertura piriformis, piriform opening. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

apertura sinus frontalis
Synonym for frontal sinus aperture ... One of a pair of openings in the floor of the frontal sinuses in the nasal part of the frontal bone, through which the frontal sinuses communicate with the ethmoidal infundibulum via the frontonasal duct. ... Synonym: apertura sinus frontalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

apertura sinus sphenoidalis
Synonym for opening of the sphenoidal sinus ... One of the pair of openings in the body of the sphenoid bone through which the sphenoid sinuses communicate with the sphenoethmoidal recess of the nasal cavity. ... Synonym: apertura sinus sphenoidalis, sphenoidal sinus aperture. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

apertura thoracis inferior
Synonym for inferior thoracic aperture ... The inferior boundary of the bony thorax composed of the twelfth thoracic vertebra and the lower margins of the rib cage and sternum. ... Synonym: apertura thoracis inferior. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

apertura thoracis superior
Synonym for superior thoracic aperture ... The upper boundary of the bony thorax composed of the first thoracic vertebra and the upper margins of the first ribs and manubrium of the sternum. ... Synonym: apertura thoracis superior. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aperture
<physics> The opening in an optical system which restricts the size of the bundle of rays incident on a given surface. (Usually circular and specified by diameter.) ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

aperture correction
<microscopy> An electronic process used in some high-resolution video cameras and monitors that compensates for the loss in sharpness of detail due to the finite dimensions (aperture) of the scanning beam. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

aperture diaphragm
A metal device that limits the area of the beam emerging from an X-ray tube. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aperture for electron microscopy
<technique> Anode aperture: The opening in the accelerating voltage anode shield of the electron gun through which the electrons must pass to irradiate the specimen. Condenser aperture: An opening in the condenser lens controlling the number of electrons entering the lens and the angular aperture of the electron beam. ... The angular aperture …

aperture function
<microscopy> In a diffraction-limited optical system, the function that determines the relationship between the image and each point in the object. Modifying the aperture function changes the image according to the modified Fourier-filtering (or optical filtration) property of the aperture. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

aperture of mastoid antrum
The orifice leading from the epitympanic recess to the mastoid antrum. ... Synonym: aditus ad antrum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aperture of orbit
Synonym for orbital opening ... The somewhat quadrangular anterior entrance to the orbit which forms the base of the pyramid-shaped orbital cavity. It is bounded by the sharp supra-, infra-, and lateral orbital margins and a less obvious medial margin on each side of the upper nose. ... Synonym: aditus orbitae, aperture of orbit. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aperture plane
<microscopy> In a microscope adjusted for Koehler illumination, the conjugate planes that include the light source, the condenser iris diaphragm, the objective lens back aperture, and the eye point. Spaces in the aperture planes are the reciprocal of those in the field planes. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

aperture, angular
<microscopy> The angle between the most divergent rays that can pass through a lens to form the image of an object. ... The angle subtended between the axis of a lens and the largest accepted angle of the image-forming rays. With microscope objectives the trigonometric sine of this angle is used to define numerical aperture but as measured fro …

aperture, effective
<microscopy> The diameter of the entrance pupil: it is the apparent diameter of the limiting aperture measured from the front. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

apetalous
<botany> Without petals. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

apex
<dentistry> The very bottom of the root of your tooth. ... (08 Jan 1998) ...