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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

antisperm antibodies
<immunology> Antibodies that can attack sperm and inhibit their movement or block fertilization of the egg. ... (13 Jan 1998) ...

antispermatogenic agents
Agents, either mechanical or chemical, which destroy spermatozoa in the male genitalia and block spermatogenesis. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

antistaphylococcic
Antagonistic to staphylococci or their toxins. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antistaphylolysin
A substance that antagonises or neutralises the action of staphylolysin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antisteapsin
An antibody counteracting the action of triacylglycerol lipase (steapsin). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antisterility factor
Synonym for vitamin E ... <biochemistry> Functions as an antioxidant, binds oxygen free radicals that can cause tissue damage, may also play a protective role in the coronary arteries from the damaging effects of cholesterol. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

antisterility vitamin
Synonym for vitamin E ... <biochemistry> Functions as an antioxidant, binds oxygen free radicals that can cause tissue damage, may also play a protective role in the coronary arteries from the damaging effects of cholesterol. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

antistreptococcic
Destructive to streptococci or antagonistic to their toxins. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antistreptohyaluronidase
<chemical> This is not an enzyme, but an enzyme inhibitor; russian drug ... Chemical name: antistreptohyaluronidase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

antistreptokinase
An antibody that inhibits or prevents the dissolution of fibrin by streptokinase. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antistreptolysin
<chemical> Chemical name: Antistreptolysin ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

antistrophe
1. In Greek choruses and dances, the returning of the chorus, exactly answering to a previous strophe or movement from right to left. Hence: The lines of this part of the choral song. 'It was customary, on some occasions, to dance round the altars whilst they sang the sacred hymns, which consisted of three stanzas or parts; the first of which, call …

antisubstance
An obsolete term for antibody. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antisudorific
Synonym for antiperspirant ... 1. Having an inhibitory action upon the secretion of sweat. ... 2. An agent having such an action (e.g., aluminum chloride). ... Synonym: anhidrotic. ... Synonym: antihidrotic, antihydriotic, antisudorific. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antitermination
<molecular biology> During transcription, failure of an RNA polymerase to recognise a termination signal: can be of significance in regulation of gene expression. ... (13 Jan 1998) ...

antitermination factor
<molecular biology> A gene regulatory protein that blocks signals for the transcription process to stop as a form of regulatory control over whatever the gene being transcribed is coding for. ... (13 Jan 1998) ...

antitermination protein
A protein that permits RNA polymerase to transcribe through certain termination sites. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antitetanic
Preventing or alleviating muscular contraction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antithenar
Synonym for hypothenar eminence ... The fleshy mass at the medial side of the palm. ... Synonym: eminentia hypothena'ris, antithenar, hypothenar prominence, hypothenar. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antithrombin
Any substance that inhibits or prevents the effects of thrombin in such a manner that blood does not coagulate. A deficiency of antithrombin results in impaired inhibition of coagulation factors IIa, IXa, and Xa in plasma, causing recurrent thrombosis. ... Antithrombin III, an antithrombin at present somewhat conjectural and biochemically not well c …

antithrombin III
<haematology> Antithrombin III is a protein which stimulates the removal of blood clots in the bloodstream. ... Small blood clots form normally within the bloodstream, but are normally dissolved via the bodys antithrombin III. ... Conditions that may have an associated low value of antithrombin III include: liver disease and DIC. Normal values …

antithrombin test
A procedure for estimating the inhibitory effect of a defibrinated specimen of plasma on the action of thrombin in converting fibrinogen to fibrin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antithrombins
Plasma glycoproteins of the _ 2 globulin class that inhibit the proteolytic activity of thrombin and serve to regulate the process of blood clotting. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

antithrombotic
<pharmacology> An agent that prevents or interfers with the formation of thrombi. ... (13 Jan 1998) ...

antithyroglobulin antibody
<endocrinology, immunology> A serologic blood test which measures the antithyroglobulin antibodies in the blood. Thyroglobulin is a protein found in thyroid tissue. It is the source of thyroid hormones in the body. ... The presence of antibodies to this protein can result in decreased thyroid gland function. A negative assay is considered norm …

antithyroid
Relating to an agent that suppresses thyroid function (e.g., propylthiouracil). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antithyroid agent
<pharmacology> Medications which suppress thyroid function. ... Examples include methimazole and propylthiouracil. ... (13 Jan 1998) ...

antithyroid agents
Agents that are used to treat hyperthyroidism by reducing the excessive production of thyroid hormones. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

antithyroid microsomal antibodies
<immunology> Anti-microsomal antibodies or anti-thyroid microsomal antibodies measure for the presence of antibody to thyroid microsomes. ... (13 Jan 1998) ...

antitonic
Diminishing muscular or vascular tonus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antitoxic
Neutralizing the action of a poison; specifically, relating to an antitoxin. ... See: antidotal. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antitoxic serum
An antitoxin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antitoxigen
Synonym for antitoxinogen ... Any antigen that stimulates the formation of antitoxin in an animal or person, i.e., a toxin or a toxoid. ... Synonym: antitoxigen. ... Origin: antitoxin + G. -gen, producing ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antitoxin
<protein> A purified antiserum from animals (usually horses) immunised by injections of a toxin or toxoid, administered as a passive immunising agent to neutralise a specific bacterial toxin, for example, botulinus, tetanus or diphtheria. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

antitoxin rash
A cutaneous manifestation of serum sickness. ... Astacoid rash, a massive exfoliation, sometimes occurring in malignant smallpox, the colour of which resembles that of a boiled lobster. ... Black currant rash, the cutaneous eruption of lentigines seen in xeroderma pigmentosum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antitoxin unit
A unit expressing the strength or activity of an antitoxin; in general, determined with reference to a preserved standard preparation of antitoxin. ... See: L doses. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antitoxinogen
Any antigen that stimulates the formation of antitoxin in an animal or person, i.e., a toxin or a toxoid. ... Synonym: antitoxigen. ... Origin: antitoxin + G. -gen, producing ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antitoxins
Purified antisera from animals (usually horses) immunised by injections of toxins or toxoids, administered as a passive immunizing agent to neutralise a specific bacterial toxin, e.g., botulinus, tetanus, or diphtheria. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

antitragicus
See: antitragicus muscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antitragicus muscle
<anatomy> A band of transverse muscular fibres on the outer surface of the antitragus, arising from the border of the intertragic notch and inserted into the anthelix and cauda helicis. ... Synonym: musculus antitragicus, muscle of antitragus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antitragohelicine
See: antitragohelicine fissure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antitragohelicine fissure
A fissure in the auricular cartilage between the cauda helicis and the antitragus. ... Synonym: fissura antitragohelicina. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antitreponemal
Synonym for treponaemicidal ... Destructive to any species of Treponema, but usually with reference to T. Pallidum. ... Synonym: antitreponemal. ... Origin: Treponema + L. Caedo, to kill ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antitreponemal agents
Agents used to treat infections with bacteria of the genus treponema. This includes syphylis & yaws. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

antitrichomonal agents
Agents used to treat trichomonas infections. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

antitrismus
A condition of tonic muscular spasm that prevents closing. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antitrope
An organ or appendage that forms a symmetrically reversed pair with another of the same type, e.g., the right and left legs of a vertebrate. ... Origin: anti-+ G. Trope, a turn ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antitropic
Similar, bilaterally symmetrical, but in an opposite location (as in a mirror image), e.g., the right thumb in relation to the left thumb. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antitrust laws
Those federal and state laws, and their enforcement, that protect trade and commerce from unlawful restraints and monopolies or unfair business practices. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

antitrypsic
Synonym for antitryptic ... Possessing properties of antitrypsin. ... Synonym: antitrypsic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antitrypsin deficiency
Deficiency of a1-antitrypsin, a glycoprotein of the postalbumin region of human serum. Many forms are known which may be moderate (40 to 60% of normal activity) or severe (less than 10% of normal), all autosomal dominant; the severe form is often associated with familial emphysema or hepatic cirrhosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antitryptic
Possessing properties of antitrypsin. ... Synonym: antitrypsic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antitryptic index
An obsolete term for the relative retardation in loss of viscosity of a solution of casein incubated with trypsin, to which a drop of abnormal blood serum (as from a cancerous patient) has been added, compared with that in a similar solution to which normal serum has been added; if the former drips through the tube of the viscosimeter in 100 second …

antitubercular agents
Drugs used in the treatment of tuberculosis. They are divided into two main classes: 'first-line' agents, those with the greatest efficacy and acceptable degrees of toxicity used successfully in the great majority of cases; and 'second-line' drugs used in drug-resistant cases or those in which some other patient-related condition has compromised th …

antitumour
<oncology> Counteracting tumour formation. ... (13 Jan 1998) ...

antitumour enzyme
<enzyme> An enzyme that stimulates the degradation of a particular metabolite that cannot be synthesised by tumour cells, inhibits the synthesis of a metabolite needed by tumour cells, or inhibits tumour-specific DNA utilization; e.g., asparaginase. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antitumour protein
A protein that inhibits tumour growth. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antitumourigenesis
Inhibition of the development of a neoplasm. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antitussive
<pharmacology> An agent that relieves or prevents cough. ... (13 Jan 1998) ...

antitussive agents
Agents that suppress cough. They act centrally on the medullary cough centre. Expectorants, also used in the treatment of cough, act locally. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

antityphoid
Preventive or curative of typhoid fever. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antiuric
<pharmacology> A compound that reduces the acidity of urine. ... (13 Jan 1998) ...

antivenene
Synonym for antivenin ... An antitoxin specific for an animal or insect venom. ... Synonym: antivenene. ... Origin: anti-+ L. Venenum, poison ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antivenene unit
The amount of antivenum which, injected in the ear vein, will protect 1 g weight of rabbit against a fatal dose of snake venom. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antivenereal
Rarely used term for preventive or curative of venereal diseases. ... Synonym: antaphroditic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antivenin
An antitoxin specific for an animal or insect venom. ... Synonym: antivenene. ... Origin: anti-+ L. Venenum, poison ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antivenins
Proteinaceous materials used in the treatment of poisoning by animal venom. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

antivenom
<pharmacology> A medication that contains an antibody, specific to a toxin, for the purpose of deactivating its harmful effect. ... (13 Nov 1997) ...

antiviral
<pharmacology> Drugs, including interferon, which stimulate cellular defenses against viruses, reducing cell DNA synthesis and making cells more resistant to viral genes, enhancing cellular immune responses or suppressing their replication. ... Also refers to genetically engineered drugs that are designed to block viral replication. ... (14 Nov …

antiviral agents
Agents used in the prophylaxis or therapy of virus diseases. They may act to prevent viral replication by inhibiting viral DNA polymerase; binding to specific cell-surface receptors and inhibiting viral penetration or uncoating; inhibiting viral protein synthesis; blocking late stages of virus assembly; etc. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

antiviral immunity
Immunity resulting from virus infection, either naturally acquired or produced by intentional vaccination; compared to some bacterial immunity's, it is of relatively long duration, but this may be the result of infection-immunity rather than being peculiar to virus infection per se, since it occurs also in bacterial immunity after infections such a …

antiviral protein
A human or animal factor, induced by interferon in virus-infected cells, which mediates interferon inhibition of virus replication. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antivitamin
A substance that prevents a vitamin from exerting its typical biological effects. Most antivitamin's have chemical structures similar to vitamins (e.g., pyridoxine and its antivitamin, deoxypyridoxine) and appear to function as competitive antagonists; some antivitamin's produce effects, in addition, that are unrelated to vitamin antagonism. ... (05 …

antivivisection
Opposition to the use of living animals for experimentation. ... See: vivisection. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antixerophthalmic
Denoting agents (vitamin A and retinoic acid) that inhibit pathologic drying of the conjunctiva (xerophthalmia). ... Origin: anti-+ G. Xeros, dry, + ophthalmos, eye ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antixerotic
Preventing xerosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antler
<zoology> The entire horn, or any branch of the horn, of a cervine animal, as of a stag. 'Huge stags with sixteen antlers.' (Macaulay) ... The branch next to the head is called the brow antler, and the branch next above, the bez antler, or bay antler. The main stem is the beam, and the branches are often called tynes. Antlers are deciduous bon …

antlers
The horn of an animal of the deer family, typically present only in the male. It differs from the horns of other animals in being a solid, generally branched bony outgrowth that is shed and renewed annually. The word antler comes from the latin anteocularis, ante (before) + oculus (eye). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Anton
Gabriel, German neuropsychiatrist, 1858-1933. ... See: Anton's syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Anton's syndrome
<syndrome> In cortical blindness, lack of awareness of being blind. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Antoni
Nils, Swedish neurologist, 1887-1968. ... See: Antoni type A neurilemoma, Antoni type B neurilemoma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Antoni type A neurilemoma
<tumour> Relatively solid or compact arrangement of neoplastic tissue that consists of Schwann cells arranged in twisting bundles and associated with delicate reticulin fibres; the nuclei of the Schwann cells are frequently grouped in parallel rows (so-called palisades), and the nuclei and fibres sometimes form exaggerated tactile corpuscles, …

Antoni type B neurilemoma
<tumour> Relatively soft or loose arrangement of neoplastic tissue that consists of Schwann cells in a haphazard or nondescript type of arrangement among reticulin fibres and tiny cystlike foci; fat-laden macrophages may be observed in some of the larger neoplasms. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antonomasia
The use of some epithet or the name of some office, dignity, or the like, instead of the proper name of the person; as when his majesty is used for a king, or when, instead of Aristotle, we say, the philosopher; or, conversely, the use of a proper name instead of an appellative, as when a wise man is called a Solomon, or an eminent orator a Cicero. …

antonomasy
Synonym for antonomasia ... The use of some epithet or the name of some office, dignity, or the like, instead of the proper name of the person; as when his majesty is used for a king, or when, instead of Aristotle, we say, the philosopher; or, conversely, the use of a proper name instead of an appellative, as when a wise man is called a Solomon, or …

Antp
Synonym for Antennapedia ... <molecular biology> Homeotic gene of Drosophila, controlling thoracic/head fate determination. In addition to the homeobox, there is also a 6 amino acid antennapedia specific consensus, shared by a range of homeotic genes in human, mouse, chicken, Xenopus, newt, zebrafish and Caenorhabditis. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

antra
Plural of antrum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antra ethmoidalia
ethmoidal sinuses ...

antral sphincter
Synonym for sphincter angularis ... Angular sphincter, thickening of the circular muscular layer forming a proposed intermediate sphincter at the level of the angular notch of the stomach. While the thickening of the circular muscle may indicate the commencement of the pyloric antrum, true functional sphincteric activity distinct from the other peri …

antrectomy
1. <procedure> Removal of the walls of an antrum. ... 2. Removal of the antrum (distal half) of the stomach; often combined with bilateral excision of portions of vagus nerve trunks (vagectomy) in treatment of peptic ulcer. ... Origin: antrum + G. Ektome, excision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antro-
An antrum. ... Origin: L. Antrum, from G. Antron, a cave ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antroduodenectomy
<procedure> Surgical removal of the antrum of the stomach and the ulcer-bearing part of the duodenum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antronasal
Relating to a maxillary sinus and the corresponding nasal cavity. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antrophose
A subjective sensation of light or colour originating in the visual centres of the brain. ... See: phosphene. ... Origin: antro-+ G. Phos, light ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antropyloric
Related to or affecting the pyloric antrum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antrorse
Directed forwards or upwards. ... Compare: retrorse. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

antroscope
<instrument> An instrument to aid in the visual examination of any cavity, particularly the antrum of Highmore maxillary sinus. ... Origin: antro-+ G. Skopeo, to view ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antroscopy
Examination of any cavity, especially of the antrum of Highmore, by means of an antroscope. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antrostomy
<procedure> Formation of a permanent opening into any antrum (maxillary sinus). ... Origin: antro-+ G. Stoma, mouth ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

antrotomy
<procedure> Incision through the wall of any antrum. ... Origin: antro-+ G. Tome, incision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...