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 mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197


aniridia
A congenital absence of the iris in the eye. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

anisakiasis
Infection with roundworms of the genus anisakis. Human infection results from the consumption of fish harboring roundworm larvae. The worms may cause acute nausea and vomiting or may penetrate into the wall of the digestive tract, where they give rise to eosinophilic granulomas in the stomach, intestine, or the omentum. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

anisakid
Common name for nematodes of the family Anisakidae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Anisakidae
Family of large nematode worms (superfamily Heterocheilidae) found in the stomach and intestines of fish-eating birds and marine mammals, infection being acquired from marine fish; human cases of anisakiasis have been reported from Japan. ... See: Anisakis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anisakis
A genus of nematodes of the superfamily ascaridoidea. Its organisms are found in the stomachs of marine animals and birds. Human infection occurs by ingestion of raw fish that contain larvae. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

anisate
A salt of anisic acid, usually possessing antiseptic properties. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aniseikonia
A condition in which the ocular image of an object as seen by one eye differs in size and shape from that seen by the other. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

anisic acid
A crystalline volatile acid obtained from anise; its compounds are the antiseptic anisates. ... Synonym: 4-methoxybenzoic acid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anisindione
2-p-Anisylindan-1,3-dione;an anticoagulant with pharmacologic actions similar to those of phenindone and bishydroxycoumarin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aniso-
Unequal, dissimilar, unlike. ... Origin: G. Anisos, unequal, fr. An-, not, + isos, equal ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anisoaccommodation
Variation between the two eyes in accommodation capacity. ... Origin: aniso-+ L. Accommodo, to adapt ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anisochromasia
The unequal distribution of haemoglobin in the red blood cells, such that the periphery is pigmented and the central region is virtually colourless, as observed in films of blood from persons with certain forms of anaemia caused by deficiency of iron; normal red blood cells show mild anisochromasia because of their biconcave shape. ... Origin: aniso …

anisochromatic
Not uniformly of one colour. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anisocoria
<clinical sign, ophthalmology> The inequality in diameter of the pupils. ... Origin: Gr. Kor = pupil ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

anisocytosis
<haematology> A condition where the red blood cells are unequal in size, evident on blood smear. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

anisodactyly
Unequal length in corresponding fingers. ... Origin: aniso-+ G. Daktylon, finger ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anisogamy
<biology> A condition where the gametes of a species have different sizes. In general, the smaller, more mobile gamete is male and the larger one which is packed with food and other things to give the potential zygote a good start (and is less mobile as a result) is the female. The principle behind anisogamy is a division of the labour necess …

anisognathous
Having jaws of unequal size, the upper being wider than the lower. ... Origin: aniso-+ G. Gnathos, jaw ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anisokaryosis
Variation in size of nuclei, greater than the normal range for a tissue. ... Origin: aniso-+ G. Karyon, nut (nucleus), + -osis, condition ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anisole
C6H5OCH3; Methoxybenzene;obtained from anisic acid; used in perfumery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anisoles
A group of compounds that are structurally related to methoxybenzene and contain the general formula r-c7h70. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

anisomastia
Breasts of unequal size. ... Origin: aniso-+ G. Mastos, breast ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anisomelia
A condition of inequality between two paired limbs. ... Origin: aniso-+ G. Melos, limb ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anisometropia
A difference in the refractive power of the two eyes. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

anisometropic
1. Relating to anisometropia. ... 2. Having eyes of unequal refractive power. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anisometropic amblyopia
A suppression of central vision due to an unequal refractive error (anisometropia) of at least two diopters. This induces a sufficient difference in image size (aniseikonia) that the two images cannot be fused. In order to avoid confusion, the blurrier image is suppressed. ... Synonym: refractive amblyopia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anisomycin
<chemical> An antibiotic isolated from various streptomyces species. It interferes with protein and DNA synthesis by inhibiting peptidyltransferase or the 80s ribosome system. ... Pharmacological action: antibiotics, antiprotozoal agents, nucleic acid synthesis inhibitors, protein synthesis inhibitor. ... Chemical name: 3,4-Pyrrolidinediol, 2-( …

anisopiesis
Unequal arterial blood pressure on the two sides of the body. ... Origin: aniso-+ G. Piesis, pressure ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anisorrhythmia
Irregular action of the heart, or absence of synchronism in the rate of atria and ventricles. ... Origin: aniso-+ G. Rhythmos, rhythm ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anisosphygmia
Difference in volume, force, or time of the pulse in the corresponding arteries on two sides of the body, e.g., the two radials, or femorals. ... Origin: aniso-+ G. Sphygmos, pulse ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anisosthenic
Of unequal strength; denoting two muscles or groups of muscles that are either paired or are antagonists. ... Origin: aniso-+ G. Sthenos, strength ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anisotonic
Not having equal tension; having unequal osmotic pressure. ... Origin: aniso-+ G. Tonus, tension ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anisotropic
Describes a structure whose appearance varies with the angle of observation. ... (12 Nov 1997) ...

anisotropic disks
Synonym for A bands ... The dark-staining anisotropic cross striations in the myofibrils of muscle fibres, comprising regions of overlapping thick (myosin) and thin (actin) filaments. ... Synonym: A disks, anisotropic disks, Q bands, Q disks. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anisotropic lipid
A lipid in the form of doubly refractive droplets. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anisotropic membrane
This type of synthetic membrane has an asymmetric pore structure: a thinfilm with tight pores backed by a thicker film with wider pores. Thistype of membrane is used for ultrafiltration andreverse osmosis, the porous side faces the feed stream and the tight-pored side faces the product stream. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

anisotropine methylbromide
8-Methyltropinium bromide 2-propylvalerate;an anticholinergic and intestinal antispasmodic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anisotropy
<radiobiology> Term used to describe a medium whose characteristic properties vary with direction of travel through the medium. (for example, velocity of light transmission, conductivity of heat or electric current, compressibility, etc.) Annihilation of magnetic field & Anode ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

anistreplase
<chemical> An acylated inactive complex of streptokinase and human lysine-plasminogen. After injection, the acyl group is slowly hydrolyzed, producing an activator that converts plasminogen to plasmin, thereby initiating fibrinolysis. Its half-life is about 90 minutes compared to 5 minutes for tpa (tissue plasminogen activator), 16 minutes fo …

Anitschkow
Nikolai, Russian pathologist, 1885-1964. ... See: Anitschkow cell, Anitschkow myocyte. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Anitschkow cell
Synonym for cardiac histiocyte ... A large mononuclear cell found in connective tissue of the heart wall in inflammatory conditions, especially in the Aschoff body. The ovoid nucleus contains a central chromatin mass appearing as a wavy bar in longitudinal section. ... Synonym: Anitschkow cell, Anitschkow myocyte, caterpillar cell. ... (05 Mar 2000)
Anitschkow myocyte
Synonym for cardiac histiocyte ... A large mononuclear cell found in connective tissue of the heart wall in inflammatory conditions, especially in the Aschoff body. The ovoid nucleus contains a central chromatin mass appearing as a wavy bar in longitudinal section. ... Synonym: Anitschkow cell, Anitschkow myocyte, caterpillar cell. ... (05 Mar 2000)
ANK repeat
<molecular biology> Amino acid motif found in diverse proteins including ankyrins (hence the name), the notch product, transcriptional regulators, cell cycle regulatory proteins and a toxin produced by the black widow spider. ... The motif is about 33 amino acids long and is generally found as a tandem array of 2-7 repeats, though ankyrins con …

ankle
That part of the lower limb directly above the foot. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ankle anatomy
<radiology> lateral medial coronal peroneus longus tibialis posterior (TOM) peroneus brevis flexor digitorum longus (DICK) medial plantar artery and vein flexor hallucis longus (HARRY) ------------ tibialis anterior extensor hallucis longus extensor digitorum longus _T__H__D____ peroneus longus tibialis posteri …

ankle bone
Synonym for talus ... 1. <anatomy> The astragalus. ... 2. <surgery> A variety of clubfoot (Talipes calcaneus). See the Note under Talipes. ... 1. A slope; the inclination of the face of a work. ... 2. <geology> A sloping heap of fragments of rock lying at the foot of a precipice. ... Origin: L, the ankle, the ankle bone. ... (26 Nov 199 …

ankle clonus
A rhythmical contraction of the calf muscles following a sudden passive dorsiflexion of the foot, the leg being semiflexed. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ankle injuries
Harm or hurt to the ankle or ankle joint usually inflicted by an external source. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ankle jerk
Synonym for Achilles reflex ... A contraction of the calf muscles when the tendo calcaneus is sharply struck. ... Synonym: ankle jerk, ankle reflex, tendo Achillis reflex, triceps surae reflex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ankle joint
The joint that is formed by the inferior articular and malleolar articular surfaces of the tibia, the malleolar articular surface of the fibula, and the medial malleolar, lateral malleolar, and superior surfaces of the talus. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ankle pain
The ankle is a hinged joint. The severity of ankle sprains ranges from mild (which can resolve within 24 hours) to severe (which can require surgical repair). Tendinitis of the ankle can be caused by trauma or inflammatory forms of arthritis. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ankle reflex
Synonym for Achilles reflex ... A contraction of the calf muscles when the tendo calcaneus is sharply struck. ... Synonym: ankle jerk, ankle reflex, tendo Achillis reflex, triceps surae reflex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ankle region
The region of the lower limb between the leg (crus) and the foot (pes). ... Synonym: regio talocruralis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ankle-foot orthosis
A brace (usually plastic) worn on the lower leg and foot to support the ankle, hold the foot and ankle in the correct position, and correct foot drop. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ankylo-
Bent, crooked, stiff, fused, fixed, closed ... See: ancylo-. ... Origin: G. Ankylos, bent, crooked; ankylosis, stiffening of the joints, fr. Ankos, a bend, a hollow ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ankyloblepharon
Synonym for blepharocoloboma ... A defect of the eyelid; may be congenital or acquired. ... Synonym: ankyloblepharon. ... Origin: blepharo-+ coloboma ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ankylocolpos
Synonym: vaginal atresia. ... Origin: ankylo-+ G. Kolpos, womb (vagina) ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ankylodactyly
Ankylodactylia ... Adhesion between two or more fingers or toes. ... See: syndactyly. ... Origin: ankylo-+ G. Daktylos, finger ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ankyloglossia
Partial or complete fusion of the tongue to the floor of the mouth; abnormal shortness of the frenulum linguae. ... Synonym: tongue-tie. ... Origin: ankylo-+ G. Glossa, tongue ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ankyloglossia superior syndrome
<syndrome> A congenital condition in which the tongue adheres to the hard palate; no evidence of genetic factors. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ankylomele
A curved or bent probe. ... Origin: ankylo-+ G. Mele, probe ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ankylopoietic
Forming ankylosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ankyloproctia
An obsolete term for imperforation or stricture of the anus. ... Origin: ankylo-+ G. Proktos, anus ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ankylosed
Stiffened; bound by adhesions; denoting a joint in a state of ankylosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ankylosed tooth
Synonym for dental ankylosis ... <dentistry> Bony union of the radicular surface of a tooth to the surrounding alveolar bone in an area of previous partial root resorption. ... Extracapsular ankylosis, stiffness of a joint due to induration or heterotopic ossification of the surrounding tissues. ... Synonym: spurious ankylosis. ... (05 Mar 2000)< …

ankylosing hyperostosis
Synonym for diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis ... A form of degenerative arthritis characteristically associated with flowing calcification along the sides of the vertebrae of the spine and commonly with inflammation (tendinitis) and calcification of the tendons at their attachments points to bone. Because areas of the spine and tendons can b …

ankylosing spondylitis
<rheumatology> A polyarthritis involving the spine, which is characterised by progressive, painful stiffening of the joints and ligaments. It almost exclusively affects young men. ... Interestingly the disease seems to be associated with HLA B27, those with this histocompatability antigen are 300 times more likely to get the disease, 90% of su …

ankylosis
<orthopaedics, rheumatology> Fusion of bones across a joint. Complication of chronic inflammation. ... See: ankylosing spondylitis. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

Ankylostoma
Synonym: Ancylostoma. ... Synonym: trismus. ... Origin: ankylo-+ G. Stoma, mouth ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ankylostomiasis
Synonym for ancylostomiasis ... Infection of humans or animals with hookworms of the genus ancylostoma. Characteristics include anaemia, dyspepsia, eosinophilia, and abdominal swelling. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ankylotic
Characterised by or pertaining to ankylosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ankyrin
<protein> Globular protein (200 kD) that links spectrin and an integral membrane protein (Band III protein) in the erythrocyte plasma membrane. Isoforms exist in other cell types. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

ankyrin repeat
Protein domains that contain 33-amino acid long sequences that often occur in tandem arrays. This repeating sequence of 33-amino acids was discovered in ankyrin and is involved in interaction with the anion exchanger (band 3 protein) and may perform a role in molecular recognition in diverse proteins. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ankyrins
A family of membrane-associated proteins responsible for the attachment of the cytoskeleton. Erythrocyte-related isoforms of ankyrin attach the spectrin cytoskeleton to a transmembrane protein (band 3 protein) in the erythrocyte plasma membrane. Brain-related isoforms of ankyrin also exist. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ankyroid
Synonym for ancyroid ... Shaped like the fluke of an anchor; denoting the cornua of the lateral ventricles of the brain and the coracoid process of the scapula. ... Synonym: ankyroid. ... Origin: G. Ankyra, anchor, + eidos, resemblance ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anlage
Synonym: primordium. ... 2. In psychoanalysis, genetic predisposition to a given trait or personality characteristic. ... Origin: Ger. Plan, outline ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

anneal
The sustained heating of a material such as steel or glass at aspecific high temperature, followed by gradual cooling, this is done to eliminate weakness or to produce other qualities. ... The pairing of complementary DNA or RNA sequences, via hydrogenbonding, to form a double-stranded molecule. Mostoften used to describe the binding of a short prim …

annealing
1. Toughening upon slow cooling. ... 2. Used in the context of DNA renaturation after temperature dissociation of the two strands. Rate of annealing is a function of complementarity. ... 3. Fusion of microtubules or microfilaments end to end. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

annealing lamp
An alcohol lamp with a soot-free flame used in dentistry to drive off the protective NH3 gas coating from the surface of cohesive gold foil. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

annectent
Connected with; joined. ... Origin: L. An-necto, pres. P. -nectnes, pp. -nexus, to join to ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

annectent gyrus
Synonym for transitional gyrus ... A small convolution connecting two lobes or two main gyri in the depth of a sulcus. ... Synonym: annectent gyrus, transitional convolution. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

annelida
<zoology> A division of the Articulata, having the body formed of numerous rings or annular segments, and without jointed legs. The principal subdivisions are the Chaetopoda, including the Oligochaeta or earthworms and Polychaeta or marine worms; and the Hirudinea or leeches. See Chaetopoda. ... Origin: NL. See Annelid. ... Source: Websters Dic …

annelids
Common name for members of the phylum Annelida. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

annellide
A conidiogenous cell that produces conidia in succession, each leaving a ringlike collar on the cell wall when released. ... Origin: Fr. Annelide, fr. L. Anellus, a ring ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

annelloconidium
A conidium produced by an annellide. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

annexa
Synonym for adnexa ... This Latin word (in the plural) is used in medicine in reference to appendages. For example, in gynecology the adnexa are the appendages of the uterus, namely the ovaries, Fallopian tubes and ligaments that hold the uterus in place. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

annexal
Synonym for adnexal ... Relating to the adnexa. ... Synonym: annexal. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

annexectomy
Synonym for adnexectomy ... 1. Excision of any adnexa. ... 2. In gynecology, excision of the fallopian tube and ovary if unilateral and excision of both tubes and ovaries (adnexa uteri) if bilateral. ... Synonym: annexectomy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

annexin
<protein> Group of calcium-binding proteins that interact with acidic membrane phospholipids in membranes. They contain 4 or 8 repeats of a 61 amino acid domain that folds into 5 a helices. ... Also known by several other names (e.g. Lipocortins, endonexins), reflecting the history of their discovery in different contexts. ... See: lipocortin, …

annexin I
Protein of the annexin family exhibiting lipid interaction and steroid-inducibility. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

annexin II
Protein (p36) of the annexin family that is a substrate for a tyrosine kinase (oncogene protein pp60(v-src)) and for the cellular protein p11. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

annexin III
<enzyme> A protein of the annexin family that catalyses the conversion of 1-d-inositol 1,2-cyclic phosphate and water to 1-d-myo-inositol 1-phosphate. ... Chemical name: 1-D-myo-Inositol-1,2-cyclic-phosphate 2-inositolphosphohydrolase ... Registry number: EC 3.1.4.36 ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

annexin IV
Protein of the annexin family originally isolated from the electric organ of the electric ray torpedo marmorata. It has also been found in a wide range of mammalian tissues. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

annexin v
Protein of the annexin family isolated from human placenta and other tissues. Anticoagulant properties have been reported. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

annexin vi
Protein of the annexin family with a probable role in exocytotic and endocytotic membrane events. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

annexin vii
Protein of the annexin family that promotes the aggregation and fusion of chromaffin granules and can also act as a voltage-dependent calcium channel. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

annexins
Family of calcium- and phospholipid-binding proteins which are structurally related and exhibit immunological cross-reactivity. Each member contains four homologous 70 kD repeats. The annexins are differentially distributed in vertebrate tissues (and lower eukaryotes) and appear to be involved in membrane fusion and signal transduction. ... (12 Dec …

annexitis
Synonym for adnexitis ... <gynaecology> Inflammation of the adnexa uteri. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

annexopexy
Synonym for adnexopexy ... Operation for suspension of the fallopian tube and ovary; usually, oophoropexy is accomplished without suspension of the tube. ... Synonym: annexopexy. ... Origin: L. Annexa, adnexa, + G. Pexis, fixation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

annihilate
1. To reduce to nothing or nonexistence; to destroy the existence of; to cause to cease to be. 'It impossible for any body to be utterly annihilated.' (Bacon) ... 2. To destroy the form or peculiar distinctive properties of, so that the specific thing no longer exists; as, to annihilate a forest by cutting down the trees. 'To annihilate the army.'