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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

angioscopy
The visualization with a microscope of the passage of substances (e.g., contrast media, radiopaque agents) through capillaries after intravenous injection. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

angioscotoma
Ribbon-shaped defect of the visual fields caused by the retinal vessels overlying photoreceptors. ... Origin: angio-+ G. Skotoma, dizziness, vertigo ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angioscotometry
The measurement or projection of the angioscotoma pattern. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angiosis
Synonym for angiopathy ... <cardiology> Disease of the blood vessels (arteries, veins, and capillaries) that occurs when someone has diabetes for a long time. There are two types of angiopathy: macroangiopathy and microangiopathy. In macroangiopathy, fat and blood clots build up in the large blood vessels, stick to the vessel walls, and block …

angiospasm
Synonym: vasospasm. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angiospastic
Synonym for vasospastic ... Relating to or characterised by vasospasm. ... Synonym: angiospastic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angiosperm
<botany> A flowering, fruit-bearing plant or tree, the ovules (and therefore seeds) of these plants develop within an enclosed ovary. ... (12 Nov 1997) ...

angiospermae
<botany> A major division of the plant kingdom, commonly called flowering plants as their reproductive organs are in flowers, having seeds which develop in a closed ovary made of carpels, a very reduced gametophyte, and endosperm develop from a triple fusion nucleus. ... (12 Nov 1997) ...

angiosperms
Any member of the more than 250,000 species of flowering plants (division magnoliophyta) having roots, stems, leaves, and well-developed conductive tissues (xylem and phloem). Angiosperms are often differentiated from gymnosperms by their production of seeds within a closed chamber (the ovary). The magnoliophyta division is composed of two classes, …

angiostenosis
Narrowing of one or more blood vessels. ... Origin: angio-+ G. Stenosis, a narrowing ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angiostrongylosis
Infection of animals and man with nematodes of the genus Angiostrongylus. ... Synonym: eosinophilic meningitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angiostrongylus
A genus of parasitic nematodes of the superfamily metastrongyloidea. Two species, angiostrongylus cantonensis and a. Vasorum, infest the lungs of rats and dogs, respectively. A. Cantonensis is transmissible to man where it causes frequently fatal infection of the central nervous system. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

angiostrongylus cantonensis
A species of parasitic nematodes distributed throughout the pacific islands that infests the lungs of domestic rats. Human infection, caused by consumption of raw slugs and land snails, results in eosinophilic meningitis. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Angiostrongylus costaricensis
A nematode parasite of rats and other rodents in Central America, recently found to infect humans, where they localise in the mesenteric arteries; infective third-stage larvae have been found in the slug, Vaginulus plebeius. ... Synonym: Morerastrongylus costaricensis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Angiostrongylus malaysiensis
Species of Angiostrongylus found in Malaysia, a common rodent parasite similar to Angiostrongylus cantonensis and an actual or potential agent of eosinophilic meningitis in that region. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Angiostrongylus vasorum
A species occurring in the pulmonary artery and, rarely, in the right ventricle of the dog and fox; thrombi may occur in the lungs, and hypertrophy of the heart and liver may result in ascites; affected animals suffer from dyspnea and occasionally may die from cardiac insufficiency. ... Synonym: Haemostrongylus vasorum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angiotelectasis
Angiotelectasia ... Rarely used term for dilation of the terminal arterioles, venules, or capillaries. ... Origin: angio-+ G. Telos, end, + ektasis, a stretching out ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angiotensin
<hormone> A family of oligopeptides ranging in size from angiotensin precursors with 14 amino acids to the active vasoconstrictor angiotensin II with 8 amino acids, or their analogs or derivatives. ... The amino acid content varies with the species and changes in that content produce antagonistic or inactive compounds. ... Angiotensinogen (reni …

angiotensin amide
<chemical> 1-l-asparagine-5-l-valine-angiotensin II. The octapeptide amide of bovine angiotensin II used to increase blood pressure by vasoconstriction. ... Pharmacological action: vasoconstrictor agents. ... Chemical name: Angiotensin II, 1-L-asparagine-5-L-valine- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

angiotensin I
<chemical> The decapeptide precursor of angiotensin II, generated by the action of renin on angiotensinogen. It has limited pharmacologic activity. ... Chemical name: Angiotensin I ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

angiotensin II
<chemical> The active form of angiotensin. An octapeptide found in blood, it is synthesised from angiotensin I and quickly destroyed. Angiotensin II causes profound vasoconstriction with resulting increase in blood pressure. The clinically and experimentally used bovine form has valine in position 5 where the human form has isoleucine. ... Pha …

angiotensin III
<chemical> A heptapeptide formed by the enzymatic hydrolysis of angiotensin II. It has greater activity than angiotensin II for stimulating aldosterone synthesis and in the release of prostaglandins but only 20% of the pressor activity. ... Chemical name: Angiotensin II, 1-de-L-aspartic acid- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

angiotensin precursor
Synonym for angiotensinogen ... angiotensin ...

angiotensin-converting enzyme
<enzyme> This hydrolase enzyme cleaves the decapeptide angiotensin I (biologically inactive) to form active angiotensin II by angiotensin-converting enzyme which removes a dipeptide (histidylleucine) from angiotensin I. ... Angiotensin II causes contraction of vascular smooth muscle and thus raises blood pressure and stimulates aldosterone rel …

angiotensinase
Synonym for angiotensin ... <hormone> A family of oligopeptides ranging in size from angiotensin precursors with 14 amino acids to the active vasoconstrictor angiotensin II with 8 amino acids, or their analogs or derivatives. ... The amino acid content varies with the species and changes in that content produce antagonistic or inactive compound …

angiotensinogen
Synonym for angiotensin ... <hormone> A family of oligopeptides ranging in size from angiotensin precursors with 14 amino acids to the active vasoconstrictor angiotensin II with 8 amino acids, or their analogs or derivatives. ... The amino acid content varies with the species and changes in that content produce antagonistic or inactive compound …

angiotensinogenase
Synonym for renin ... <enzyme> An enzyme of the hydrolase class that catalyses cleavage of the leucine leucine bond in angiotensin to generate angiotensin. 1. ... The enzyme is synthesised as inactive prorenin in the kidney and released into the blood in the active form in response to various metabolic stimuli. Not to be confused with rennin (c …

angiotonia
Synonym for vasotonia ... The tone of blood vessels, particularly the arterioles. ... Synonym: angiotonia. ... Origin: vaso-+ G. Tonos, tone ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angiotonic
Synonym for vasotonic ... 1. Relating to vascular tone. ... Synonym: angiotonic. ... 2. An agent that increases vascular tension. ... Synonym: vasostimulant. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angiotonin
Former name for angiotensin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angiotrophic
Rarely used term for vasotrophic. ... Origin: angio-+ G. Trophe, nourishment ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angle
1. To fish with an angle (fishhook), or with hook and line. ... 2. <geometry> The figure made by two lines which meet. The difference of direction of two lines. In the lines meet, the point of meeting is the vertex of the angle. ... 3. A projecting or sharp corner; an angular fragment. 'Though but an angle reached him of the stone.' (Dryden) …

angle closure glaucoma
<ophthalmology> Primary glaucoma in which contact of the iris with the peripheral cornea excludes aqueous humor from the trabecular drainage meshwork causing a sudden blockage of the normal fluid circulation within the eyeball resulting in increased intraocular pressure. Increased pressure within the eyeball can cause damage to the optic nerv …

angle of anomaly
<ophthalmology> An obsolete term for the degree of deviation from parallelism of the visual axes of the eyes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angle of antetorsion
Synonym for angle of anteversion ... <orthopaedics> The angle formed by a line drawn through the centre of the long axis of the neck of the femur meeting a line drawn in the transverse axis of the condyles, when the bone is viewed from above, looking straight down through the head of the femur. ... It is used to illustrate the normal degree of …

angle of anteversion
<orthopaedics> The angle formed by a line drawn through the centre of the long axis of the neck of the femur meeting a line drawn in the transverse axis of the condyles, when the bone is viewed from above, looking straight down through the head of the femur. ... It is used to illustrate the normal degree of anteversion about 12° of the neck of …

angle of aperture
<ophthalmology, optics> The angle formed by lines drawn from the ends of the diameter of a lens to its point of focus. ... See: angular aperture. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angle of convergence
<optics> The angle that the visual axis makes with the median line when a near object is viewed. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angle of declination
An obsolete term for angle of anteversion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angle of depression
Synonym for angle of inclination ... <orthopaedics> The angle formed by the meeting of a line drawn through the shaft of the femur with one passing through the long axis of the femoral neck; normally it is about 127°. ... Synonym: angle of depression, neck-shaft angle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angle of deviation
<optics> In a prism, the sum of the angle's of incidence and emergence minus the apical angle of a prism, in optics, angle of refraction, in strabismus, angle of anomaly. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angle of eccentricity
<ophthalmology> In strabismus, the angle between the line of fixation and the line of normal foveal fixation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angle of emergence
<optics> The angle formed by a light ray emerging from the second surface of a prism and a line parallel to the incident ray. ... Compare: angle of deviation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angle of femoral torsion
angle of femoral torsion ...

angle of Fuchs
<ophthalmology> A crevice between the ciliary and pupillary zones of the iris formed by atrophy of superficial layers of the iris in the pupillary zone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angle of incidence
<optics> The angle that a ray entering a refracting medium makes with a line drawn perpendicular to the surface of this medium, the angle that a ray striking a reflecting surface makes with a line perpendicular to this surface. ... Synonym: incident angle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angle of inclination
<orthopaedics> The angle formed by the meeting of a line drawn through the shaft of the femur with one passing through the long axis of the femoral neck; normally it is about 127°. ... Synonym: angle of depression, neck-shaft angle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angle of iris
Synonym for iridocorneal angle ... The acute angle between the iris and the cornea at the periphery of the anterior chamber of the eye. ... Synonym: angulus iridocornealis, angle of iris, angulus iridis, filtration angle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angle of jaw
Synonym for angle of mandible ... <anatomy> The angle formed by the lower margin of the body and the posterior margin of the ramus of the mandible. ... Synonym: angulus mandibulae, angle of jaw. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angle of mandible
<anatomy> The angle formed by the lower margin of the body and the posterior margin of the ramus of the mandible. ... Synonym: angulus mandibulae, angle of jaw. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angle of mouth
<anatomy> The lateral limit of the oral fissure. ... See: labial commissure. ... Synonym: angulus oris. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angle of polarization
<optics> The angle of incidence at which the reflected light is all polarised. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angle of reflection
<optics> The angle that a ray reflected from a surface makes with a line drawn perpendicular to this surface. It is equal to the angle of incidence. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angle of refraction
<optics> The angle that a ray leaving a refracting medium makes with a line drawn perpendicular to the surface of this medium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angle of repose
The maximum angle of slope (measured from horizontal plane) at which loose, cohesionless material will come to rest on a pile of similar material. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

angle of torsion
The amount of rotation of a long bone along its axis or between two axes, measured in degrees. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Angle, Edward
<person> U.S. Orthodontist, 1855-1930. ... See: Angle's classification of malocclusion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angler
1. One who angles. ... 2. <zoology> A fish (Lophius piscatorius), of Europe and America, having a large, broad, and depressed head, with the mouth very large. Peculiar appendages on the head are said to be used to entice fishes within reach. ... Synonym: fishing frog, frogfish, toadfish, goosefish, allmouth, monkfish, etc. ... Source: Websters D …

anglophobia
<psychology> Intense dread of, or aversion to, England or the English. ... Origin: Gr. Phobos = fear ... (16 Mar 1998) ...

angor animi
The sense of being in the act of dying, differing from the fear of death or the desire for death; a symptom that may occur with angina pectoris and occasionally in diseases of the medulla. ... Synonym: angor pectoris. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angor pectoris
Synonym for Gairdner's disease ... <disease> Attacks of cardiac distress accompanied by apprehension. ... Synonym: angina pectoris sine dolore, angor pectoris. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angstrom
<unit> A unit of length equal to 10-8 centimetres, used to measuremolecules. ... (12 Nov 1997) ...

Angstrom scale
A table of wavelengths of a large number of light rays corresponding to as many Fraunhofer's lines in the spectrum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Angstrom, Anders
<person> Swedish physicist, 1814-1874. ... See: angstrom, Angstrom's law, Angstrom unit, Angstrom scale. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Angstrom's law
A substance absorbs light of the same wavelength as it emits when luminous. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Anguillula
Old name for a genus of free-living nematodes. ... See: Turbatrix. ... Origin: Mod. L. Dim. Of L. Anguilla, eel ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angular
1. Relating to an angle or to angles; having an angle or angles; forming an angle or corner; sharp-cornered; pointed; as, an angular figure. ... 2. Measured by an angle; as, angular distance. ... 3. Lean; lank; raw-boned; ungraceful; sharp and stiff in character; as, remarkably angular in his habits and appearance; an angular female. Angular aperture …

angular acceleration
The rate of change of angular velocity; e.g., when a centrifuge rotor is speeding up, or when there is a simultaneous change in velocity and direction, as in an aircraft in a tight spin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angular aldehyde
The aldehyde group attached to carbon 13 (between rings C and D) of the steroid nucleus in aldosterone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angular aperture
The angle, in air, of light that passes from the object to the ends of the diameter of the front lens of the microscope objective. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angular artery
<anatomy, artery> The terminal branch of the facial artery; distribution, muscles and skin of side of nose; anastomoses, lateral nasal, and dorsal artery of nose and palpebrals from the ophthalmic artery, thereby providing an external-internal carotid arterial anastomosis. ... Synonym: artery of angular gyrus. ... Synonym: arteria angularis. …

angular cheilitis
Inflammation and fissuring radiating from the commissures of the mouth secondary to predisposing factors such as lost vertical dimension in denture wearers, nutritional deficiencies, atopic dermatitis, or Candida albicans infection. ... Synonym: angular stomatitis, commissural cheilitis, perleche. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angular conjunctivitis
A subacute bilateral conjunctival inflammation sometimes caused by the Moraxella bacillus, marked by redness of the lateral canthi and scanty, stringy discharge that adheres to the lashes. ... Synonym: Moraxella conjunctivitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angular convolution
angular gyrus ...

angular curvature
A gibbous deformity, i.e., a sharp angulation of the spine, occurring in Pott's disease. ... Synonym: Pott's curvature. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angular methyl
A methyl group attached to carbon 10 (between rings A and B) or to carbon 13 (between rings C and D) of the steroid nucleus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angular momentum
<physics> Momentum involved in the rotation of a body about an axis, conserved as is ordinary momentum (see momentum). Angular momentum is defined as the cross product of ordinary momentum with the position vector running from the axis of rotation to the body whose angular momentum is being determined. ... Torque is the rate of change of angul …

angular notch
A sharp angular depression in the lesser curvature of the stomach at the junction of the body with the pyloric canal. ... Synonym: incisura angularis, sulcus angularis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angular spine
Synonym for sphenoidal spine ... A posterior and downward projection from the greater wing of the sphenoid bone on either side, located posterolateral to the foramen spinosum, so-named for its proximity to the sphenoidal spine; gives attachment to the sphenomandibular ligament. ... Synonym: processus spinosus, spina ossis sphenoidalis, alar spine, an …

angular stomatitis
Synonym for angular cheilitis ... Inflammation and fissuring radiating from the commissures of the mouth secondary to predisposing factors such as lost vertical dimension in denture wearers, nutritional deficiencies, atopic dermatitis, or Candida albicans infection. ... Synonym: angular stomatitis, commissural cheilitis, perleche. ... (05 Mar 2000) …

angular vein
<anatomy, vein> A short vein at the medial angle of the eye, formed by the supraorbital and supratrochlear veins's and continuing as the facial vein. ... Synonym: vena angularis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angulation
<orthopaedics> A term used to describe the presence of angular deformity to a fractured bone. Increasing angulation will require surgical manipulation to return the fractured bone fragments back to a normal anatomic position of healing. ... (12 Nov 1997) ...

angulus
Synonym for angle ... 1. To fish with an angle (fishhook), or with hook and line. ... 2. <geometry> The figure made by two lines which meet. The difference of direction of two lines. In the lines meet, the point of meeting is the vertex of the angle. ... 3. A projecting or sharp corner; an angular fragment. 'Though but an angle reached him of th …

angulus acromialis
Synonym for acromial angle ... The prominent angle at the junction of the posterior and lateral borders of the acromion. ... Synonym: angulus acromialis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angulus costae
Synonym for costal angle ... The rather abrupt change in curvature of the body of a rib posteriorly, such that the neck and head of the rib are directed upward. ... Synonym: angulus costae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angulus frontalis ossis parietalis
Synonym for frontal angle of parietal bone ... The anterior superior angle of the parietal bone. ... Synonym: angulus frontalis ossis parietalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angulus inferior scapulae
Synonym for inferior angle of scapula ... The acute angle formed by junction of the medial and lateral borders of the scapula. ... Synonym: angulus inferior scapulae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angulus infrasternalis
Synonym for infrasternal angle ... The angle between the lower borders of the costal cartilages of the two sides as they approach the sternum. ... Synonym: angulus infrasternalis, substernal angle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angulus iridis
Synonym for iridocorneal angle ... The acute angle between the iris and the cornea at the periphery of the anterior chamber of the eye. ... Synonym: angulus iridocornealis, angle of iris, angulus iridis, filtration angle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angulus iridocornealis
Synonym for iridocorneal angle ... The acute angle between the iris and the cornea at the periphery of the anterior chamber of the eye. ... Synonym: angulus iridocornealis, angle of iris, angulus iridis, filtration angle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angulus lateralis scapulae
Synonym for lateral angle of scapula ... The blunt, concave head of the scapula forming the glenoid cavity at the junction of the superior and lateral borders of the bone. ... Synonym: angulus lateralis scapulae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angulus mandibulae
Synonym for angle of mandible ... <anatomy> The angle formed by the lower margin of the body and the posterior margin of the ramus of the mandible. ... Synonym: angulus mandibulae, angle of jaw. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angulus mastoideus ossis parietalis
Synonym for mastoid angle of parietal bone ... The posteroinferior point of the parietal bone. ... Synonym: angulus mastoideus ossis parietalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angulus oculi lateralis
Synonym for lateral angle of eye ... The angle formed by the junction of the lateral parts of the upper and lower eyelids. ... Synonym: angulus oculi lateralis, angulus oculi temporalis, external canthus, lateral canthus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angulus oculi medialis
Synonym for medial angle of eye ... The angle formed by the union of the upper and lower eyelids medially. ... Synonym: angulus oculi medialis, angulus oculi nasalis, internal canthus, medial canthus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angulus oculi nasalis
Synonym for medial angle of eye ... The angle formed by the union of the upper and lower eyelids medially. ... Synonym: angulus oculi medialis, angulus oculi nasalis, internal canthus, medial canthus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angulus oculi temporalis
Synonym for lateral angle of eye ... The angle formed by the junction of the lateral parts of the upper and lower eyelids. ... Synonym: angulus oculi lateralis, angulus oculi temporalis, external canthus, lateral canthus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angulus oris
Synonym for angle of mouth ... <anatomy> The lateral limit of the oral fissure. ... See: labial commissure. ... Synonym: angulus oris. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

angulus sterni
Synonym for sternal angle ... The angle between the manubrium and the body of the sternum at the manubriosternal junction. Marks the level of the second costal cartilage (rib) for counting ribs or intercostal spaces. Denotes level of aortic arch, bifurcation of trachea, and T4/T5 intervertebral disc. ... Synonym: angulus sterni, Louis' angle, Ludwig' …

angulus subpubicus
Synonym for subpubic angle ... The angle formed between the inferior rami of the pubic bones. In the female, the angle approximates that angle between the widely extended thumb and index finger (90°); in the male, it approximates the angle between the widely abducted index and middle fingers (60°). ... See: pubic arch. ... Synonym: angulus subpubicus, …