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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197
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microvilli<cell biology> Minute projections of cell membranes which greatly increase the surface area of the cell. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
microvillus<pathology> A minute process or protrusion from the free surface of a cell. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
Microviridae<virology> A diverse group of ssDNA bacteriophages. ... Synonym: X phage group, isometric ssDNA phages. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
microvirus<virology> A genus of bacteriophages of the family microviridae. The genome consists of isometric single-stranded DNA. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
microwave interferometer<radiobiology> A microwave interferometer uses radio waves in the microwave frequency (or wavelength) range as the electromagnetic signal. ... Microwave interferometers are used to measure the line-averaged density of a plasma along the path through which the microwave beam is passed, through phase shifts in the propagated beam. ... See: interf …
microwave radiationElectromagnetic radiation with wavelengths between 3 millimetres and 300 millimetres. Used in radar, these waves have frequencies between 1-100 gigahertz. Microwaves have also been harnessed for cooking in microwave ovens. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
microwave therapySynonym for microkymatotherapy ... Treatment with high frequency radiations of 3,000,000,000 Hz (3000 MHz), at a wavelength of 10 cm. ... Synonym: microwave therapy. ... Origin: micro-+ G. Kyma, a wave, + therapeia, treatment ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
microwavesThat portion of the electromagnetic spectrum lying between uhf (ultrahigh frequency) radio waves and heat (infrared) waves. Microwaves are used to generate heat, especially in some types of diathermy. They may cause heat damage to tissues. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
microweldingA method of fastening or joining stainless steel sutures or such sutures to needles. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
microxyphilA multinuclear oxyphil leukocyte. ... Origin: micro-+ G. Oxys, acid, + philos, fond ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
microzoonA microscopic form of the animal kingdom; a protozoon. ... Origin: micro-+ G. Zoon, animal ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
micrurgicalRelating to procedures performed on minute structures under a microscope. ... Origin: micro-+ G. Ergon, work ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
micrurgy<microscopy> The use of a micromanipulator in combination with a microscope. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...
mictionSynonym for urination ... The passing of urine. ... Synonym: miction, micturition, uresis. ... Stuttering urination, the passage of urine in jets caused by intermittent spasmodic contraction of the bladder. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
micturateTo urinate. The verb micturate (like the noun micturation ) comes from the latin micturire meaning to want to urinate. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
micturitionThe passage of urine, urination. ... Origin: L. Micturire = to urinate ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
micturition reflexContraction of the walls of the bladder and relaxation of the trigone and urethral sphincter in response to a rise in pressure within the bladder; the reflex can be voluntarily inhibited and the inhibition readily abolished to control micturition. ... Synonym: bladder reflex, urinary reflex, vesical reflex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
micturition syncopeSyncope occurring in association with the act of emptying the bladder. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
mid1. Denoting the middle part; as, in mid ocean. 'No more the mounting larks, while Daphne sings, Shall list'ning in mid air suspend their wings.' (Pope) ... 2. Occupying a middle position; middle; as, the mid finger; the mid hour of night. ... 3. Made with a somewhat elevated position of some certain part of the tongue, in relation to the palate; midw …
mid seral speciesShade intolerant species, primarily Douglas-fir trees and vine maple shrubs. These species typically follow the early seral species in natural succession. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...
mid seral treatmentA treatment in which a stand of predominately mid seral species will be established. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...
mid-atlantic regionA geographical area of the united states comprising the district of columbia, delaware, maryland, new jersey, new york, and pennsylvania. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
midas's ear<marine biology> A pulmonate mollusk (Auricula, or Ellobium, aurismidae); so called from resemblance to a human ear. ... See: Midas. ... (19 Mar 1998) ...
midaxillary lineA vertical line intersecting a point midway between the anterior and posterior axillary folds or lines. ... Synonym: linea axillaris media, linea medio-axillaris, middle axillary line. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
midazolam<radiology> Contraindications: known allergy, acute narrow angle glaucoma, dosing: 1.0-2.0 mg loading dose, can give 0.5 mg incremental doses after 2 minutes, end point of sedation is slurred speech, total dose of not more than 5-6 mg, institute continuous cardiac monitoring & pulse oximetry ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
midazolam hydrochloride8-Chloro-6-(6-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepine monohydrochloride;a short-acting injectable benzodiazapine central nervous system depressant used for preoperative sedation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
midbody<cell biology> Dense structure formed during cytokinesis at the cleavage furrow. It consists of remnants of spindle fibres and other amorphous material and disappears before cell division is completed. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
midbrain<anatomy, neurology> The part of the brain above the pons and below the thalamus, it is the uppermost part of the brainstem, and is involved in basic, unconscious body function. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
midbrain tegmentumSynonym for mesencephalic tegmentum ... That major part of the substance of the mesencephalon or midbrain that extends from the substantia nigra to the level of the cerebral aqueduct. ... Synonym: tegmentum mesencephali, tegmentum, midbrain tegmentum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
midcarpal1. Relating to the central part of the carpus. ... Synonym: mediocarpal. ... 2. Denoting the articulation between the two rows of carpal bones. ... Synonym: carpocarpal. ... Synonym: mediocarpal, mesocarpal. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
midcarpal jointThe synovial joint between the proximal and distal rows of carpal bones. ... Synonym: articulatio mediocarpea, middle carpal joint. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
midclavicular lineA vertical line passing through the midpoint of the clavicle. ... Synonym: linea medioclavicularis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
midcycle pain<gynaecology> One-sided lower abdominal (pelvic) pain that occurs at or around the time of ovulation (midcycle). ... Thought to be secondary to a stretching of the ovarian capsule and subsequent capsular rupture during expulsion of the egg. Inevitably, there is some bleeding associated with this normal month function that can inflame the perit …
middiastolic murmurA murmur beginning after the A-V valves have opened in diastole, i.e., an appreciable time after the second heart sound, as the murmur of mitral stenosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
middle1. Equally distant from the extreme either of a number of things or of one thing; mean; medial; as, the middle house in a row; a middle rank or station in life; flowers of middle summer; men of middle age. ... 2. Intermediate; intervening. 'Will, seeking good, finds many middle ends.' (Sir J. Davies) ... Middle is sometimes used in the formation of s …
middle atlantoepistrophic jointSynonym for median atlantoaxial joint ... A pivot synovial joint between the dens of the axis and the ring formed by the anterior arch and the transverse ligament of the atlas. ... Synonym: articulatio atlantoaxialis mediana, Cruveilhier's joint, middle atlantoepistrophic joint. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
middle axillary lineSynonym for midaxillary line ... A vertical line intersecting a point midway between the anterior and posterior axillary folds or lines. ... Synonym: linea axillaris media, linea medio-axillaris, middle axillary line. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
middle cardiac vein<anatomy, vein> Begins at the apex of the heart (where it anastomoses with the great cardiac vein), and ascends within the posterior interventricular sulcus to the coronary sinus. ... Synonym: vena cordis media, inferior cardiac vein. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
middle carpal jointSynonym for midcarpal joint ... The synovial joint between the proximal and distal rows of carpal bones. ... Synonym: articulatio mediocarpea, middle carpal joint. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
middle cellsSynonym for middle ethmoidal air cells ... The middle group of air cells of the ethmoidal sinus's; each sinus communicates with the middle meatus of the nasal cavity. ... Synonym: sinus ethmoidales mediae, cellulae mediae, middle cells, middle ethmoidal sinuses. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
middle cerebellar peduncleThe largest of three paired cerebellar peduncles, composed mainly of fibres that originate in the pontine nuclei, cross the midline in the ventral part of pons, and emerge on the opposite side as a massive bundle arching dorsally along the lateral side of the pontine tegmentum into the cerebellum; its fibres are distributed chiefly to the cortex of …
middle cerebral artery<anatomy, artery> One of the two large terminal branches (with anterior cerebral artery) of the internal carotid artery; it passes laterally around the pole of the temporal lobe, then posteriorly in the depth of the lateral cerebral fissure; for descriptive purposes it is divided into three parts: 1) the sphenoidal part (M1 segment of clinica …
middle cervical cardiac nerve<anatomy, nerve> One of the cardiopulmonary splanchnic nerves conveying postsynaptic sympathetic fibres running downward, from the middle cervical ganglion along the subclavian artery (on the left) or the brachiocephalic (on the right side) to join the cardiac plexus. ... Synonym: nervus cardiacus cervicalis medius. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
middle cervical fasciaSynonym for pretracheal fascia ... The layer of fascia investing the infrahyoid muscles and contributing to the formation of the carotid sheath. ... Synonym: lamina pretrachealis, middle cervical fascia, Porter's fascia, pretracheal layer. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
middle cervical ganglionA sympathetic ganglion, of small size and sometimes absent; located at the level of the cricoid cartilage. ... Synonym: ganglion cervicale medium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
middle cluneal nervesTerminal branches of the dorsal primary rami of the sacral nerves, supplying the skin of the mid-gluteal region. ... Synonym: nervi clunium medii. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
middle colic artery<anatomy, artery> Origin, superior mesenteric; distribution, transverse colon; anastomoses, right and left colic. ... Synonym: arteria colica media. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
middle colic lymph nodesNodes along the middle colic artery and its branches that drain the right colic flexure and most of the transverse colon. ... Synonym: nodi lymphatici colici medii. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
middle colic vein<anatomy, vein> The tributary of the superior mesenteric vein that carries drainage of the transverse colon and accompanies the middle colic artery. ... Synonym: vena colica media. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
middle collateral artery<anatomy, artery> The posterior terminal branch of the profunda brachii, anastomosing with the arteries which form the articular network of the elbow. ... Synonym: arteria collateralis media. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
middle costotransverse ligamentSynonym for costotransverse ligament ... <anatomy> The ligament that connects the dorsal aspect of the neck of a rib to the ventral aspect of the corresponding transverse process. ... Synonym: ligamentum costotransversarium, ligamentum colli costae, middle costotransverse ligament. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
middle cranial fossaA butterfly-shaped portion of the internal base of the skull posterior to the sphenoidal ridges and limbus and anterior to the crests of the petrous part of the temporal bones and dorsum sellae; it lodges the temporal lobes of the brain in the lateral portions, and the hypophysis centrally. ... Synonym: fossa cranii media. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
middle cuneiform boneSynonym for intermediate cuneiform bone ... A bone of the distal row of the tarsus; it articulates with the medial and lateral cuneiform, navicular, and second metatarsal bones. ... Synonym: os cuneiforme intermedium, mesocuneiform, middle cuneiform bone, second cuneiform bone, wedge bone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
middle earSynonym for auris media ... middle ear ...
middle ear mass<radiology> Glomus tumour (multiple in 10%; 8% malignant), glomus tympanicum, from cochlear promontory, seldom erodes bone, glomus jugulare, invasion of middle ear from below, destruction of bony roof of jugular fossa and bony spur separating vein from carotid artery, abberant carotid artery (no bony margin), enlarged jugular bulb (dehiscent …
middle ear ventilationVentilation of the middle ear in the treatment of secretory (serous) otitis media, usually by placement of tubes or grommets which pierce the tympanic membrane. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
middle eastThe countries of southwest asia and northeastern africa usually considered as extending from libya on the west to afghanistan on the east. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
middle ethmoidal air cellsThe middle group of air cells of the ethmoidal sinus's; each sinus communicates with the middle meatus of the nasal cavity. ... Synonym: sinus ethmoidales mediae, cellulae mediae, middle cells, middle ethmoidal sinuses. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
middle ethmoidal sinusesSynonym for middle ethmoidal air cells ... The middle group of air cells of the ethmoidal sinus's; each sinus communicates with the middle meatus of the nasal cavity. ... Synonym: sinus ethmoidales mediae, cellulae mediae, middle cells, middle ethmoidal sinuses. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
middle fingerThird finger. ... Synonym: digitus medius, digitus tertius, third finger. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
middle frontal convolutionSynonym for middle frontal gyrus ... A convolution on the convexity of each frontal lobe of the cerebrum running in an anteroposterior direction between the superior and inferior frontal sulci. ... Synonym: gyrus frontalis medius, middle frontal convolution. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
middle frontal gyrusA convolution on the convexity of each frontal lobe of the cerebrum running in an anteroposterior direction between the superior and inferior frontal sulci. ... Synonym: gyrus frontalis medius, middle frontal convolution. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
middle frontal sulcusA relatively shallow sagittal fissure of the brain dividing the middle frontal convolution into an upper and lower part; this sulcus is found only in humans and anthropoid apes; at its anterior extremity it bifurcates, the two branches spreading out laterally and constituting the frontomarginal sulcus. ... Synonym: median frontal sulcus, sulcus fron …
middle genicular artery<anatomy, artery> Origin, popliteal; distribution, synovial membrane and cruciate ligaments of knee joint. ... Synonym: arteria genus media, arteria articularis azygos. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
middle glossoepiglottic foldSynonym for median glossoepiglottic fold ... <anatomy> A fold of mucous membrane in the midline that extends from the back of the tongue to the epiglottis, forming the medial boundary of the epiglottic valleculae. ... Synonym: plica glossoepiglottica mediana, frenulum epiglottidis, middle glossoepiglottic fold. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
middle haemorrhoidal arterySynonym for middle rectal artery ... <anatomy, artery> Origin, internal iliac; distribution, middle portion of rectum; anastomoses, inferior rectal and superior rectal. Because the latter is a tributary of the portal system, this is a portosystemic or portocaval anastomosis. ... Synonym: arteria rectalis media, middle haemorrhoidal artery. ... ( …
middle haemorrhoidal plexusesSynonym for middle rectal plexuses ... The autonomic plexus's along the rectum derived from the inferior hypogastric plexus. ... Synonym: plexus rectales medii, middle haemorrhoidal plexuses. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
middle haemorrhoidal veinsAn obsolete term for middle rectal veins. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
middle hepatic veinsVeins draining the central portion of the liver (the superior anterior segment [VIII] and the left side of the inferior anterior segment [V] of the right lobe and the medial segment [IV] of the left lobe) which join to form a trunk that merges with that of the left hepatic veins about 90% of the time prior to entering the left side of the inferior …
middle lamellaFirst part of the plant cell wall to be formed, laid down in the phragmoplast during cell division as the cell plate. Subsequently makes up the central part of the double cell wall that separates two adjacent cells, cementing together the two primary walls. Rich in pectin and relatively poor in cellulose. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
middle lobe branchMiddle lobe branch of 1) the right pulmonary artery (arteriae pulmonalis dextrae ); 2) the right superior pulmonary vein (venae pulmonalis dextrae superior ). ... Synonym: ramus lobi medii. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
middle lobe of prostateThe portion of the prostate lying between the urethra and the ejaculatory ducts; indistinct unless hypertrophied. ... Synonym: lobus medius prostatae, Morgagni's caruncle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
middle lobe of right lungIt is located anteriorly between the horizontal and oblique fissures and includes lateral and medial bronchopulmonary segments. ... Synonym: lobus medius pulmonis dextri. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
middle lobe syndromeAtelectasis of the right middle pulmonary lobe, with chronic pneumonitis. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
middle mediastinal mass<radiology> Mnemonic: not VD, 90% malignant, Nodes, tumour (metastasis, lymphoma/leukaemia), infection, inhalational disease, Castleman disease, Tumour, primary lung, trachea, oesophagus carcinoma, Vascular, aneurysm, haematoma, Duplication cyst, bronchogenic, enteric, neurenteric ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
middle mediastinumThe central portion of the inferior mediastinum which contains the pericardium and its contents and the phrenic nerves and accompanying vessels. ... Synonym: mediastinum medium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
middle meningeal arteryOrigin, maxillary; branches, petrosal, superior tympanic, frontal and parietal; distribution, to parts mentioned and through terminal branches to anterior and middle cranial fossae; anastomoses, meningeal branches of occipital, ascending pharyngeal, ophthalmic and lacrimal, stylomastoid, accessory meningeal branch of maxillary, and deep temporal.
middle meningeal artery groove
A narrow groove on the inner table of the calvarium, seen on lateral radiographs as a thin dark line, which may be mistaken for a skull fracture. ... See: sulci arteriosi. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
middle meningeal nerve
Synonym for middle meningeal branch of maxillary nerve ... <anatomy, nerve> Recurrent branch of maxillary nerve distributed with the anterior branch of the middle meningeal arteyr to the meninges of the anterior portion of the middle cranial fossa. ... Synonym: ramus meningeus medius nervi maxillaris, middle meningeal nerve. ... (05 Mar 2000) …
middle meningeal veins
The venae comitantes of the middle meningeal artery that empty into the pterygoid plexus. ... Synonym: venae meningeae mediae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
middle nasal concha
The middle thin, spongy, bony plate with curved margins, part of the ethmoidal labyrinth, projecting from the lateral wall of the nasal cavity and separating the superior meatus from the middle meatus, the above bony plate and its thick mucoperiosteum containing a cavernous vascular bed for heat exchange. ... Synonym: concha nasalis media, middle tu …
middle pain
Synonym for mittelschmerz ... <gynaecology> One-sided lower abdominal (pelvic) pain that occurs at or around the time of ovulation (midcycle). Thought to be secondary to a stretching of the ovarian capsule and subsequent capsular rupture during expulsion of the egg. Inevitably, there is some bleeding associated with this normal month function …
middle palmar space
Synonym for central palmar space ... The more medial of the central palmar spaces, bounded medially by the hypothenar compartment; related distally to the synovial tendon sheaths of digits 3 and 4 and proximally to the common flexor sheath. ... Synonym: medial midpalmar space, middle palmar space. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
middle piece
A part of the spermatozoon characterised by an axoneme and by a sheath of mitochondria arranged in a tight helix. ... Principal piece, the principal part of the spermatozoon, which is about 45 um long and has a characteristic fibrous sheath surrounding the axoneme. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
middle radioulnar joint
radioulnar syndesmosis ...
middle rectal artery
<anatomy, artery> Origin, internal iliac; distribution, middle portion of rectum; anastomoses, inferior rectal and superior rectal. Because the latter is a tributary of the portal system, this is a portosystemic or portocaval anastomosis. ... Synonym: arteria rectalis media, middle haemorrhoidal artery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
middle rectal lymph node
A lymph node along the middle rectal artery that receives afferents from the pararectal nodes and sends efferents to the internal iliac nodes. ... Synonym: middle rectal node, nodus rectalis medius. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
middle rectal node
Synonym for middle rectal lymph node ... A lymph node along the middle rectal artery that receives afferents from the pararectal nodes and sends efferents to the internal iliac nodes. ... Synonym: middle rectal node, nodus rectalis medius. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
middle rectal plexuses
The autonomic plexus's along the rectum derived from the inferior hypogastric plexus. ... Synonym: plexus rectales medii, middle haemorrhoidal plexuses. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
middle rectal veins
Several veins that pass from the rectal venous plexus (in which they anastomose with the superior rectal veins) to the internal iliac vein, which ultimately drains into the inferior vena cava. Since the superior rectal veins ultimately drain into the portal vein, the middle retal veins participate in a portocaval anastomosis, and the rectal venous …
middle sacral artery
Synonym for median sacral artery ... <anatomy, artery> Origin, posterior aspect of abdominal aorta just above the bifurcation; distribution, lower lumbar vertebrae, sacrum, and coccyx; anastomoses, lateral sacral, superior and middle rectal. ... Synonym: arteria sacralis mediana, middle sacral artery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
middle sacral plexus
A lymphatic plexus formed of lymph nodes and connecting vessels situated chiefly in the mesorectum anterior and inferior to the sacral promontory. ... Synonym: plexus sacralis medius. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
middle scalene muscle
Synonym for scalenus medius ... <anatomy, muscle> Origin, costotransverse lamellae of transverse processes of second to sixth cervical vertebrae; insertion, first rib posterior to subclavian artery; action, raises first rib; nerve supply, cervical plexus. ... Synonym: musculus scalenus medius, middle scalene muscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
middle stage HIV disease
<disease> This refers to an HIV infection that is characterised by signs and symptoms of HIV that are not life-threatening. ... Examples include oral thrush, gingivitis, seborrheic dermatitis, molluscum contangiosum, fevers, fatigue, lymph node swelling, malaise and weight loss. This stage can be a signal for the conversion from asymptomatic H …
middle supraclavicular nerve
Synonym for intermediate supraclavicular nerve ... <anatomy, nerve> One of several nerves arising from the C-3-C-4 part of the cervical plexus which run across the top of the shoulder and pass down across the clavicle to supply the skin of the top of the shoulder and in the infraclavicular region. ... Synonym: nervus supraclavicularis intermedi …
middle suprarenal artery
<anatomy, artery> Origin, aorta; distribution, suprarenal gland. ... Synonym: arteria suprarenalis media. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
middle temporal artery
<anatomy, artery> Origin, superficial temporal; distribution, temporal fascia and muscle; anastomoses, branches of maxillary. ... See: intermediate temporal artery, posterior temporal artery. ... Synonym: arteria temporalis media. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
middle temporal convolution
Synonym for middle temporal gyrus ... A longitudinal gyrus on the lateral surface of the temporal lobe, between the superior and inferior temporal sulci. ... Synonym: gyrus temporalis medius, middle temporal convolution, second temporal convolution. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
middle temporal gyrus
A longitudinal gyrus on the lateral surface of the temporal lobe, between the superior and inferior temporal sulci. ... Synonym: gyrus temporalis medius, middle temporal convolution, second temporal convolution. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
middle temporal sulcus
The sulcus between the middle temporal gyrus and inferior temporal gyrus. ... Synonym: sulcus temporalis medius. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
