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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

microbrachia
Abnormal smallness of the arms. ... Origin: micro-+ G. Brachion, arm ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

microbrenner
An electric cautery with needle point. ... Origin: micro-+ Ger. Brenner, burner ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

microcalcification
<radiology> Particles observed on a mammogram that are found in the breast tissue, appearing as small spots on the picture. ... Usually occur from calcium deposits caused by death of breast cells which may be benign or malignant. When clustered in one area, may indicate the presence of cancerous cells. ... (14 Oct 1997) ...

microcardia
Abnormal smallness of the heart. ... Origin: micro-+ G. Kardia, heart ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

microcarrier
<cell biology> Microcarriers are small solid or in some cases immiscible liquid spheres, on which cells may be grown in suspension culture. ... They provide a means of obtaining large yields of cells in small volumes. The cells must exhibit anchorage dependence of growth and the dimensions of the carrier bead may be important in controlling gr …

microcentrum
Obsolete name for the pericentriolar region. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

microcephalia
Synonym for microcephaly ... An abnormally small head of a newborn, a congenitally small brain. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

microcephalism
Synonym for microcephaly ... An abnormally small head of a newborn, a congenitally small brain. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

microcephaly
An abnormally small head of a newborn, a congenitally small brain. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

microcheilia
Smallness of the lips. ... Origin: micro-+ G. Cheilos, lip ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

microcheiria
Smallness of the hands. ... Origin: micro-+ G. Cheir, hand ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

microchemistry
The study of chemical reactions, using small quantities of materials, frequently less than 1 milligram or 1 milliliter, and often requiring special small apparatus and microscopical observation. ... The application of chemical tests to minute objects or portions of matter, magnified by the use of the microscopy; distinguished from macrochemistry. …

microcin B17 synthase
<chemical> Consists of mcbb, mcbc, and mcbd proteins; catalyses conversion of microcin b17 precursor to microcin b17 ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

microcinematography
<procedure> The making of films using a microscope and cine camera. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

microcirculation
<anatomy> The flow of blood in the entire system of finer vessels (100 microns or less in diameter) of the body (the microvasculature). ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

microclimate
The climate of a very small area. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

micrococcaceae
A family of bacteria ranging from free living and saprophytic to parasitic and pathogenic forms. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

micrococcal nuclease
<enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the endonucleolytic cleavage to 3'-phosphomononucleotide and 3'-phospholigonucleotide end-products. It can cause hydrolysis of double- or single-stranded DNA or RNA. ... Registry number: EC 3.1.31.1 ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

micrococci
Plural of micrococcus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

micrococcus
Origin: NL. See Micro-, and Coccus. ... <biology> A genus of Spherobacteria, in the form of very small globular or oval cells, forming, by transverse division, filaments, or chains of cells, or in some cases single organisms shaped like dumb-bells (Diplococcus), all without the power of motion. ... Physiologically, micrococci are divided into t …

Micrococcus candidus
A species found in skin secretions, milk, and dairy products. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Micrococcus conglomeratus
A species found in infections, milk, dairy products, dairy utensils, and water. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Micrococcus cryophilus
A species found in frozen meat products. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

micrococcus luteus
A species of gram-positive, spherical bacteria whose organisms occur in tetrads and in irregular clusters of tetrads. The primary habitat is mammalian skin. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Micrococcus morrhuae
Former name for Halococcus morrhuae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Micrococcus ureae
A species found in stale urine or in soil containing urine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Micrococcus varians
A species found in body secretions, dairy products, dairy utensils, dust, and fresh and salt water. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

microcolitis
Colitis that is not seen by endoscopy, but in which microscopic examination of biopsies shows non-specific mucosal inflammation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

microcolliculi
Broad swellings (0.5 m) on the dorsal surface of a moving epidermal cell in culture, that move rearward as the cell moves forward (as do ruffles on fibroblasts). ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

microcolon
A small-caliber unused colon, seen in the neonate on radiographic contrast enema; usually a consequence of intestinal atresia or meconium ileus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

microcolony
A colony of bacteria visible only under a low power microscope. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

microcomputers
Small computers using lsi (large-scale integration) microprocessor chips as the cpu (central processing unit) and semiconductor memories for compact, inexpensive storage of program instructions and data. They are smaller and less expensive than minicomputers and are usually built into a dedicated system where they are optimised for a particular app …

microconidium
In fungi, the smaller of two distinctively different-sized types of conidia in a single species, usually single-celled and spherical, ovoid, pyriform, or clavate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

microcoria
A congenitally small pupil with an inability to dilate. ... Origin: micro-+ G. Kore, pupil ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

microcornea
An abnormally small cornea. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

microcosmic
Synonym for microcosmical ... Of or pertaining to the microcosm. ... <chemistry> Microcosmic salt, a white crystalline substance obtained by mixing solutions of sodium phosphate and ammonium phosphate, and also called hydric-sodic-ammonic-phosphate. It is a powerful flux, and is used as a substitute for borax as a blowpipe reagent in testing fo …

microcosmical
Of or pertaining to the microcosm. ... <chemistry> Microcosmic salt, a white crystalline substance obtained by mixing solutions of sodium phosphate and ammonium phosphate, and also called hydric-sodic-ammonic-phosphate. It is a powerful flux, and is used as a substitute for borax as a blowpipe reagent in testing for the metallic oxides. Origin …

microcrystalline cellulose
Purified, partially depolymerised cellulose, prepared by treating alpha-cellulose, obtained as a pulp from fibrous plant material, with mineral acids; used as a tablet diluent. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

microcurie
One-millionth of a curie; a quantity of any radionuclide with 3.7 &times; 104 disintegrations per second. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

microcyst
A cyst that is too small to be felt but may be observed on mammography or ultrasound screening. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

microcystic adenoma of pancreas
<radiology> Benign tumour of pancreas, M:F = 1:4, peak age 69 years of age, tiny cysts filled with GLYCOGEN, not mucin, large (ca. 10 cm), innumerable small cysts (1mm - 20mm), central stellate scar with or without calcification, hypervascular, head = body = tail, ** associated with von Hippel-Lindau syndrome, Cf: macrocystic adenoma, alias m …

microcystic epithelial dystrophy
Bilateral, symmetrical intraepithelial cysts in the central area of the cornea of healthy women, without hereditary predisposition. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

microcyte
Abnormally small red blood cells, found in some types of anaemia. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

microcythemia
The presence of many microcytes in the circulating blood. ... Synonym: microcytosis. ... Origin: microcyte + G. Haima, blood ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

microcytic anaemia
Any anaemia in which the average size of circulating erythrocytes is smaller than normal, i.e., the mean corpuscular volume is 80 cu um or less (normal range, 82 to 92 cu um). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

microcytosis
Synonym: microcythemia. ... Origin: microcyte + G. -osis, condition ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

microdactylia
Synonym for microdactyly ... Smallness or shortness of the fingers or toes. ... Synonym: microdactylia. ... Origin: micro-+ G. Dactylos, finger, toe ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

microdactylous
Relating to or characterised by microdactyly. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

microdactyly
Smallness or shortness of the fingers or toes. ... Synonym: microdactylia. ... Origin: micro-+ G. Dactylos, finger, toe ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

microdeletion
Loss of a piece from a chromosome that is too small to be seen through a microscope. Microdeletions require high-resolution chromosome banding, molecular chromosome analysis (with fish), or DNA analysis for detection. Disorders caused by microdeletions include angelman, digeorge, prader-willi, and williams syndromes. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

microdialysis
Dialysis on a small scale, giving microlitre range samples. Used for example in studies of in vivo release of transmitters in brain tissue. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

microdissection
Dissection of tissues under a microscope or magnifying glass, usually done by teasing the tissues apart by means of needles. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

microdontia
Microdontism ... A condition in which a single tooth, or pairs of teeth, or the whole dentition, may be disproportionately small. ... Origin: micro-+ G. Odous, tooth ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

microdose
A very small dose. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

microdrepanocytic anaemia
Anaemia, clinically resembling sickle cell anaemia, in which individuals are compound heterozygous for the sickle cell gene and a thalassaemia gene; about 60 to 80% of haemoglobin is Hb S, up to 20% Hb F, and the remainder Hb anaemia. ... Synonym: sickle cell-thalassaemia disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

microdrepanocytosis
A chronic haemolytic anaemia resulting from interaction of the genes for sickle cell anaemia and thalassaemia. ... Origin: microcytosis + drepanocytosis ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

microdysgenesia
Increase in partially distopic neurons in the stratum zonale, white matter, hippocampus and cerebellar cortex, producing an indistinct border between cortex and subcortical white matter and a columnar arrangement of cortical neurons; seen in patients with primary generalised epilepsy. ... Origin: micro-+ dys-+ G. Genesis, production ... (05 Mar 2000) …

microelectric waves
Synonym for microwaves ... That portion of the electromagnetic spectrum lying between uhf (ultrahigh frequency) radio waves and heat (infrared) waves. Microwaves are used to generate heat, especially in some types of diathermy. They may cause heat damage to tissues. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

microelectrode
An electrode, with tip dimensions small enough (less than 1m) to allow nondestructive puncturing of the plasma membrane. This allows the intracellular recording of resting and action potentials, the measurement of intracellular ion and pH levels (using ion selective microelectrodes) or microinjection. Microelectrodes are generally pulled from glass …

microelectrodes
Electrodes with an extremely small tip, used in a voltage clamp or other apparatus to stimulate or record bioelectric potentials of single cells intracellularly or extracellularly. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

microelements
Synonym for trace elements ... A group of chemical elements that are needed in minute quantities for the proper growth, development, and physiology of an organism. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

microencephaly
Synonym for micrencephaly ... Abnormal smallness of the brain. ... Synonym: micrencephalia, microencephaly. ... Origin: micro-+ G. Enkephalos, brain ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

microenvironment
The immediate physical and chemical surroundings of a microorganism. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

microerythrocyte
Synonym for microcyte ... Abnormally small red blood cells, found in some types of anaemia. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

microetching technique
A method of roughening the surface of a natural tooth or a dental restoration utilizing a gas-impelled jet of fine abrasive. It enhances the attachment of resin cements or restorative materials to the surface. ... See: airbrasive technique. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

microevolution
Evolution on a molecular level (changes within DNA, i.e. Mutations), an individual organism level (DNA recombination, chromosomal mutations, reproduction, natural selection, etc.), and a population level (genetic drifts, phyletic shifts, founder effects, etc.). ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

microfauna
Animals too small to be seen with the naked eye. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

microfibril
Basic structural unit of the plant cell wall, made of cellulose in higher plants and most algae, chitin in some fungi and mannan or xylan in a few algae. Higher plant microfibrils are about 10nm in diameter and extremely long in relation to their width. The cellulose molecules are oriented parallel to the long axis of the microfibril in a paracryst …

microfilament
<cell biology> Cytoplasmic filament of F actin (5-7nm) which function in structure and movement in eukaryotic cells. ... They may be laterally associated with other proteins (tropomyosin, alpha actinin) in some cases and may be anchored to the membrane. Microfilaments are conspicuous in adherens junctions. ... (14 Oct 1997) ...

microfilament proteins
Filaments which are composed primarily of actin and found in the cytoplasmic matrix of almost all cells. They are often associated with microtubules and may play a role in cytoskeletal function and/or mediate movement of the cell or the organelles within the cell. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

microfilaments
The smallest of the cytoskeletal filaments. They are composed chiefly of actin and/or myosin. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

microfilaraemia
Infection of the blood with microfilariae. Microfilaraemia caused by Wuchereria bancrofti is characterised by sharp nocturnal periodicity, apparently tied to the nocturnal habits of the vector mosquitoes; in geographic areas where mosquitoes are not strictly night-biters (as in parts of Polynesia), the microfilarial periodicity is modified or absen …

microfilaria
The prelarval stage of filarioidea in the blood and other tissues of mammals and birds. They are removed from these hosts by blood-sucking insects in which they metamorphose into mature larvae. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

microfilarial sheath
The membrane surrounding the embryos of certain blood-borne microfilariae, such as Wuchereria, Brugia, and Loa of humans; thought to be derived from the vitelline membrane. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

microfilm
1. A photographic film bearing greatly reduced images of printed records. ... 2. To record on microfilm. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

microflora
The bacteria and fungi that inhabit an area. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

microfollicular adenoma
<tumour> A foetal adenoma of the thyroid composed of very small follicles and solid alveolar groups of thyroid epithelial cells. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

microfollicular goiter
Goiter in which the glandular tissue consists of unusually small colloid filled follicles and areas of undifferentiated tissue with indistinct follicle formation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

microgamete
The male element in anisogamy, or conjugation of cells of unequal size; it is the smaller of the two cells and actively motile. ... Origin: micro-+ G. Gametes, husband ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

microgametocyte
The mother cell producing the microgametes, or male elements of sexual reproduction in sporozoan protozoans and fungi. ... Synonym: microgamont. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

microgametophyte
<plant biology> A plant body or cell lineage, formed by vegetative growth of the microspore, that produces the male gametes of a heterosporous plant. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

microgamont
Synonym for microgametocyte ... The mother cell producing the microgametes, or male elements of sexual reproduction in sporozoan protozoans and fungi. ... Synonym: microgamont. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

microgamy
Conjugation between two young cells, the recent product of sporulation or some other form of reproduction. ... Origin: micro-+ G. Gamos, marriage ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

microgastria
Smallness of the stomach. ... Origin: micro-+ G. Gaster, stomach ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

microgenia
Abnormal smallness of the chin resulting from the underdevelopment of the mental symphysis. ... Origin: micro-+ G. Geneion, chin ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

microgenitalism
Abnormal smallness of the external genital organs. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

microglandular adenosis
Adenosis of the breast in which irregular clusters of small tubules are present in adipose or fibrous tissues, resembling tubular carcinoma but lacking stromal fibroblastic proliferation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

microglia
<pathology> A part of the neuroglia. It consists of small glial cells which migrate through nerve tissue and remove waste products by phagocytosis. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

microglia cells
Synonym for microglia ... <pathology> A part of the neuroglia. It consists of small glial cells which migrate through nerve tissue and remove waste products by phagocytosis. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

microgliacyte
A cell, especially an embryonic cell, of the microglia. ... Origin: micro-+ G. Glia, glue, + kytos, cell ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

microglial cell
<pathology> Small glial cells of mesodermal origin, with scanty cytoplasm and small spiny processes. Distributed throughout grey and white matter. Derive from monocytes and invade neural tissue just before birth, capable of enlarging to become macrophages. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

microglioma
<tumour> Obsolete term for an intracranial neoplasm of microglial cell origin that is structurally similar to lymphoma. ... Origin: microglia + G. -oma, tumour ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

microgliomatosis
An obsolete term for a condition characterised by the presence of multiple microgliomas. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

microgliosis
Presence of microglia in nervous tissue secondary to injury. ... Origin: microglia + G. -osis, condition ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

microglobulin
<protein> Any small globular plasma protein ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

microglossia
Smallness of the tongue. ... Origin: micro-+ G. Glossa, tongue ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

micrognathia
Abnormal smallness of the jaws, especially of the mandible. ... Origin: micro-+ G. Gnathos, jaw ... Micrognathia with peromelia, hypoplasia of the mandible with malformed and missing teeth, birdlike face, and severe deformities of the hands and forearms and sometimes of feet and legs. ... Synonym: Hanhart's syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

micrognathism
Unusual or undue smallness of the jaws. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

microgram
<unit> A unit of mass (weight) of the metric system, being one millionth of a gram (10^6 gm.) or one one thousandth of a milligram (10^3 mg.). ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

micrograph
<microscopy> A graphic reproduction of an object as formed by the microscope or equivalent optical instrument. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...