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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

mesopexy
Synonym for mesenteriopexy ... Fixation or attachment of a torn or incised mesentery. ... Synonym: mesopexy. ... Origin: mesentery + G. Pexis, fixation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mesophase
<biochemistry> Arrangement of phospholipids in water where the liquid crystalline phospholipids form multi layered parallel plate structures, each layer being a bilayer, the layers separated by aqueous medium. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

mesophil
Mesophile ... A microorganism with an optimum temperature between 25°C and 40°C, but growing within the limits of 10°C and 45°C. ... Origin: meso-+ G. Philos, fond ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mesophile
<biology> Organism living in the temperature range around that of warm-blooded animals, usually between 20-45 degrees C. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

mesophilic
An optimum temperature for bacterial growth in an enclosed digester (25> To 40>C). ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

mesophlebitis
Inflammation of the middle coat of a vein. ... Origin: meso-+ phlebitis ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mesophragma
Synonym: M line. ... Origin: meso-+ G. Phragma, a fence ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mesophyll
<plant biology> Tissue found in the interior of leaves, made up of photosynthetic (parenchyma) cells, also called chlorenchyma cells. ... Consists of relatively large, highly vacuolated cells, with many chloroplasts. Includes palisade parenchyma and spongy mesophyll. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

mesopic
Pertaining to illumination between the photopic and scotopic ranges. ... Origin: meso-+ G. Opsis, vision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mesopic perimetry
Exploration of the visual field in dim illumination. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mesopneumonium
The reflection of pleura surrounding the root of the lung (including the pulmonary ligament inferiorly) as parietal pleura becomes continuous with the visceral pleura of the lung. ... Synonym: mesentery of lung. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mesopodiale
<anatomy> One of the bones of either the carpus or tarsus. ... Origin: NL, fr. Gr. Middle +, dim. Of, foot. ... (04 Mar 1998) ...

mesoporphyrins
Porphyrins with four methyl, two ethyl, and two propionic acid side chains attached to the pyrrole rings. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mesoprosopic
Having a face of moderate width, i.e., with a facial index of about 90. ... Origin: meso-+ G. Prosopon, face ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mesopulmonum
The mesentery of the embryonic lung. ... Origin: meso-+ L. Pulmo, lung ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mesorchial
Relating to the mesorchium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mesoridazine
<drug> This antipsychotic drug is used to treat chronic schizophrenia, and psychosis in the mentally retarded. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

mesoridazine besylate
10-[2-(1-Methyl-2-piperidyl)ethyl]-2-(methylsulfinyl)phenothiazone;a biotransformation product of thioridazine; an antipsychotic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mesorrhachischisis
Synonym for merorachischisis ... Merorrhachischisis ... Fissure of a portion of the spinal cord. ... Synonym: mesorrhachischisis, rachischisis partialis. ... Origin: mero-+ G. Rhachis, spine, + schisis, fissure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mesorrhaphy
Synonym for mesenteriorrhaphy ... Suture of the mesentery. ... Synonym: mesorrhaphy. ... Origin: mesentery + G. Rhaphe, suture ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mesorrhine
Having a nose of moderate width. Denoting a skull with a nasal index from 47 to 51 (Frankfort agreement) or 48 to 53 (Broca). ... Origin: meso-+ G. Rhis (rhin-), nose ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mesosalpinx
The part of the broad ligament investing the uterine (fallopian) tube. ... Origin: meso-+ G. Salpinx, trumpet ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mesoscope
<instrument> An instrument for viewing objects that are larger than microscopic but cannot be seen distinctly with the naked eye. ... Origin: meso-+ G. Skopeo, to view ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mesosecrin
<protein> Glycoprotein (46 kD) secreted by mesothelial cells (including endothelium). In culture forms a fine coating on the substratum. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

mesosiderite
<chemical> See the entry for meteorite. ... (04 Mar 1998) ...

mesosigmoid
Sigmoid mesocolon. ... See: mesocolon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mesosigmoiditis
Inflammation of the mesosigmoid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mesosigmoidopexy
Surgical fixation of the mesosigmoid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mesosomatous
Denoting a person of medium height. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mesosome
<cell biology> Invagination of the plasma membrane in some bacterial cells, sometimes with additional membranous lamellae inside. May have respiratory or photosynthetic functions. ... Origin: Gr. Soma = body ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

mesosomia
Medium height. ... Origin: meso-+ G. Soma, body ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mesostenium
Synonym for mesentery ... 1. <anatomy> The membranes, or one of the membranes (consisting of a fold of the peritoneum and inclosed tissues), which connect the intestines and their appendages with the dorsal wall of the abdominal cavity. The mesentery proper is connected with the jejunum and ilium, the other mesenteries being called mesoccum, m …

mesosyphilis
Synonym for secondary syphilis ... The second stage of syphilis ... See: syphilis. ... Synonym: mesosyphilis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mesosystolic
Midsystolic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mesotarsal
Synonym for midtarsal ... Relating to the middle of the tarsus. ... Synonym: mediotarsal, mesotarsal. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mesotendineum
Synonym for mesotendon ... The synovial layers that pass from a tendon to the wall of a tendon sheath in certain places where tendons lie within osteofibrous canals. In most instances, the mesotendon degenerates, leaving only the vinculae. ... Synonym: mesotendineum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mesotendon
The synovial layers that pass from a tendon to the wall of a tendon sheath in certain places where tendons lie within osteofibrous canals. In most instances, the mesotendon degenerates, leaving only the vinculae. ... Synonym: mesotendineum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mesothelia
Plural of mesothelium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mesothelial
Relating to the mesothelium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mesothelial cell
One of the flat cell's of mesenchymal origin that form the superficial layer of the serosal membranes lining the body cavities of the abdomen and thorax. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mesothelial hyloma
<tumour> A neoplasm derived from tissue of mesothelial origin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mesothelioma
<oncology, tumour> Malignant tumour of the mesothelium, usually of lung, caused by exposure to asbestos fibres, particularly those of crocidolite, the fibres of which are thin and straight and penetrate to the deep layers of the lung. ... Because of their shape, the fibres puncture the macrophage phagosome and are released, leading to a chroni …

mesothelioma, cystic
A peritoneal mesothelioma affecting mainly young females and producing cysts of variable size and number lined by a single layer of benign mesothelial cells. The disease follows a benign course and is compatible with a normal life expectancy, requiring occasionally partial excision or decompression for relief of pain or other symptoms. Malignant po …

mesothelium
<pathology> Simple squamous epithelium of mesodermal origin. It lines the peritoneal, pericardial and pleural cavities and the synovial space of joints. The cells may be phagocytic. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

mesothorium
The first two disintegration products of thorium; mesothorium 1 is 228Ra, a beta emitter with a half-life of 6.7 years, decaying into mesothorium 2, which is 228Ac, a beta emitter with a half-life of 6.13 hr, which disintegrates to radiothorium (228Th). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mesotocin
<protein> Peptide hormone secreted by posterior lobe of pituitary, structure and function similar to oxytocin. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

mesotropic
Turned toward the median plane. ... Origin: meso-+ G. Trope, a turning ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mesouranic
Having a palatal index between 110 and 115. ... Synonym: mesuranic. ... Origin: meso-+ G. Ouranos, palate ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mesovarian border of ovary
The border of the ovary to which the mesovarium is attached. ... Synonym: margo mesovaricus ovarii, mesovarian margin of ovary. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mesovarian margin of ovary
Synonym for mesovarian border of ovary ... The border of the ovary to which the mesovarium is attached. ... Synonym: margo mesovaricus ovarii, mesovarian margin of ovary. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mesquit
<botany> A name for two trees of the southwestern part of North America, the honey mesquite, and screw-pod mesquite. ... Screw-pod mesquite, a smaller tree (Prosopis pubescens), having spiral pods used as fodder and sometimes as food by the Indians. Mesquite grass, a rich native grass in Western Texas (Bouteloua oligostachya, and other species …

messenger
1. That which carries a message. ... 2. Having message-carrying properties. ... First messenger, a hormone that binds to a receptor on the surface cell and, in so doing, communicates with intracellular metabolic processes. ... Second messenger, an intermediary molecule that is generated as a consequence of hormone-receptor interaction; e.g., see adeno …

messenger RNA
Synonym for mRNA ... <molecular biology> Single stranded RNA molecule that specifies the amino acid sequence of one or more polypeptide chains. This information is translated during protein synthesis when ribosomes bind to the mRNA. ... In prokaryotes, mRNA is normally formed by splicing a large primary transcript from a DNA sequence and protei …

messenger-like RNA
Synonym for heterogeneous nuclear RNA ... An ill-defined form of RNA, of high molecular weight, that never leaves the nucleus and is thought to be the precursor of messenger RNA. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mestanolone
17b-Hydroxy-17-methyl-5a-androstan-3-one;an androgenic steroid with anabolic properties. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mestenediol
Synonym for methandriol ... <chemical> A synthetic steroid with anabolic and androgenic properties. ... Pharmacological action: anabolic steroids. ... Chemical name: Androst-5-ene-3,17-diol, 17-methyl-, (3beta,17beta)- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mesterolone
<chemical> 17 beta-hydroxy-1 alpha-methyl-5 alpha-androstan-3-one. A synthetic steroid with anabolic and androgenic activities. ... Pharmacological action: anabolic steroids. ... Chemical name: Androstan-3-one, 17-hydroxy-1-methyl-, (1alpha,5alpha,17beta)- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mestranol
<chemical> (17 alpha)-3-methoxy-19-norpregna-1,3,5(10)-trien-20-yn-17-ol. The 3-methyl ether of ethinyl estradiol. It must be demethylated before it becomes biologically active. It is used as the oestrogen component of many combination oral contraceptives. ... Pharmacological action: oestrogens, synthetic. ... Chemical name: 19-Norpregna-1,3,5( …

mesulphen
2-7-Dimethylthianthrene;a topical scabicide with antipruritic properties. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mesuranic
Synonym for mesouranic ... Having a palatal index between 110 and 115. ... Synonym: mesuranic. ... Origin: meso-+ G. Ouranos, palate ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mesylate
Organic salts or esters of methanesulfonic acid. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

met
1. <oncogene> An oncogene, identified in mouse osteosarcoma. ... 2. <chemistry> Having less than the highest number of hydroxyl groups; said of acids; as, metaphosphoric acid. Also used adjectively. ... (04 Mar 1998) ...

met enkephalin
<protein> See enkephalins. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

met repressor operator complex
Repressor protein, 104 residues, product of the metJ gene, which regulates methionine biosynthesis in E. Coli. Dimeric molecules bind to adjacent sites 8 base pairs apart on the DNA, sequence recognition is by interaction between antiparallel strands of protein and the major groove of the B form DNA duplex. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

meta-
1. In medicine and biology, a prefix denoting the concept of after, subsequent to, behind, or hindmost. ... Compare: post-. ... 2. In chemistry, an italicised prefix denoting joint, action sharing. ... 3 (m-). In chemistry, an italicised prefix denoting compound formed by two substitutions in the benzene ring separated by one carbon atom, i.e., linked …

meta-analysis
<statistics> A quantitative method of combining the results of independent studies (usually drawn from the published literature) and synthesizing summaries and conclusions which may be used to evaluate therapeutic effectiveness or to plan new studies. ... With application chiefly in the areas of research and medicine. It is often an overview o …

metabasis
Rarely used term for a change of any kind in symptoms or course of a disease. ... Origin: G. A passing over, change, fr. Metabaino, to pass over ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metabiosis
Dependence of one organism on another for its existence. ... See: commensalism, mutualism, parasitism. ... Origin: meta-+ G. Biosis, way of life ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metabisulfite test
A test for sickle cell haemoglobin (Hb S); deoxygenation of cells containing Hb S is enhanced by addition of sodium metabisulfite to the blood, causing sickling visible on a slide; certain other abnormal haemoglobins (Hb CHarlem and Hb I) also sickle in this test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metabisulphite
<chemistry> A group of compounds used as food and drug preservatives that is known to evoke a severe allergic response in sensitive individuals. ... Symptoms may include rash, urticaria, angioedema, wheezing or low blood pressure. ... (04 Mar 1998) ...

metabolic acidosis
<biochemistry> A metabolic derangement of acid-base balance where the blood pH is abnormally low. ... Causes include haemorrhagic shock, cardiogenic shock, severe dehydration, sepsis, toxic ingestion (for example isopropyl alcohol, methanol), alcoholic ketoacidosis, lactic acidosis, renal failure and diabetic ketoacidosis. ... Respiratory acido …

metabolic alkalosis
<biochemistry> A metabolic derangement where the pH of the blood is abnormally high (basic). ... This condition may result from hyperventilation, the use of a particular drug, excessive vomiting or dehydration (contraction alkalosis). ... (27 Jun 1999) ...

metabolic burst
<biochemistry> Response of phagocytes to particles (particularly if opsonise d) and to agonists such as formyl peptides and phorbol esters, an enhanced uptake of oxygen leads to the production, by an NADH dependent system, of hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anions and hydroxyl radicals, all of which play a part in bactericidal activity. ... Defe …

metabolic calculus
A stone, usually a renal stone, caused by a metabolic abnormality resulting in increased excretion of a substance of low solubility in urine, such as urate or cystine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metabolic clearance rate
Volume of biological fluid completely cleared of drug metabolites as measured in unit time. Elimination occurs as a result of metabolic processes in the kidney, liver, saliva, sweat, intestine, heart, brain, or other site. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

metabolic coma
Coma resulting from diffuse failure of neuronal metabolism, caused by such abnormalities as intrinsic disorders of neuron or glial cell metabolism, or extracerebral disorders that produce intoxication or electrolyte imbalances. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metabolic cooperation
<cell biology, molecular biology> Transfer between tissue cells in contact of low molecular weight metabolites such as nucleotides and amino acids. ... Transfer is via channels constituted by the connexons of gap junctions and does not involve exchange with the extracellular medium. First observed in cultures of animal cells in which radio lab …

metabolic coupling
Synonym for metabolic cooperation ... <cell biology, molecular biology> Transfer between tissue cells in contact of low molecular weight metabolites such as nucleotides and amino acids. ... Transfer is via channels constituted by the connexons of gap junctions and does not involve exchange with the extracellular medium. First observed in cultur …

metabolic craniopathy
Synonym for Morgagni's syndrome ... <syndrome> Hyperostosis frontalis interna in elderly women, with obesity and neuropsychiatric disorders of uncertain cause; at least sometimes familial. ... Synonym: metabolic craniopathy, Stewart-Morel syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metabolic detoxication, drug
Reduction of pharmacologic activity or toxicity of a drug or other foreign substance by a living system, usually by enzymatic action. It includes those metabolic transformations that make the substance more soluble for faster renal excretion. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

metabolic disease
Generic term for diseases caused by an abnormal metabolic process. It can be congenital due to inherited enzyme abnormality (metabolism, inborn errors) or acquired due to disease of an endocrine organ or failure of a metabolically important organ such as the liver. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

metabolic encephalopathy
Encephalopathy characterised by memory loss, vertigo, and generalised weakness, due to metabolic brain disease including hypoxia, ischemia, hypoglycaemia, or secondary to other organ failure such as liver or kidney. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metabolic equivalent
The oxygen cost of energy expenditure measured at supine rest (1 MET = 3.5 ml O2 per kg of body weight per minute); multiples of MET are used to estimate the oxygen cost of activity, e.g., 3 to 5 METs for light work; more than 9 METs for heavy work. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metabolic indican
Synonym for indican ... 1. <chemistry> A glucoside obtained from woad (indigo plant) and other plants, as a yellow or light brown sirup. It has a nauseous bitter taste, a decomposes or drying. By the action of acids, ferments, etc, it breaks down into sugar and indigo. It is the source of natural indigo. ... 2. <physiology> An indigo-form …

metabolic mucinosis
Diffuse or pretibial myxoedema, lichen myxoedematosus, gargoylism, secondary mucinosis, degeneration in tumours, localised mucinosis, follicular, papular, plaque-like, focal, and myxoid or synovial cyst. ... Origin: mucin + G. -osis, condition ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metabolic pool
The quantity of a given chemical compound or group of related compounds participating in metabolic reactions; may constitute only a portion of the total bodily content of such compounds. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metabolimeter
A modified calorimeter for measuring the rate of basal metabolism. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metabolin
Synonym for metabolite ... <biochemistry> Any substance produced by metabolism or by a metabolic process. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

metabolisation
<biochemistry> The chemical process by which matter is broken down into simpler substances, said especially of food processed by the human body. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

metabolise
To undergo the chemical changes of metabolism. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metabolised vitamin D milk
Milk produced by feeding irradiated yeast to cows; standardised to contain not less than 400 USP units per quart. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metabolising
The series of biochemical reactions in living tissue through which life is maintained. Energy production through the breakdown of nutrients and energy utilisation. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

metabolism
<biochemistry> The sum of all the physical and chemical processes by which living organised substance is produced and maintained (anabolism) and also the transformation by which energy is made available for the uses of the organism (catabolism). ... Origin: Gr. Metaballein = to turn about, change, alter ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

metabolite
<biochemistry> Any substance produced by metabolism or by a metabolic process. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

metabotropic receptor
A type of receptor that is linked to intracellular production of 1,2-diacylglycerol and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate. ... Origin: metabolism + G. Trope, turning, inclination, + -ic ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metacarpal
One of the five bones to each digit in the hand. Metacarpals articulate with the carpal bones in the wrist and the phalanges (finger bone). ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

metacarpal bone
One of the metacarpal bones, five long bones (numbered I to V, beginning with the bone on the radial or thumb side) forming the skeleton of the metacarpus or palm; they articulate with the bones of the distal row of the carpus and with the five proximal phalanges. ... Synonym: os metacarpale. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metacarpal index
The average ratio of length to breadth of metacarpals II to V; this ratio is increased in the Marfan syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metacarpal veins
See: dorsal metacarpal veins, palmar metacarpal veins. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metacarpals
Five cylindrical bones extending from the wrist to the fingers. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...