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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

melagra
Rheumatic or myalgic pains in the arms or legs. ... Origin: G. Melos, limb, + agra, seizure ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melalgia
Pain in a limb; specifically, burning pain in the feet extending up the leg and even to the thigh. ... Origin: G. Melos, a limb, + algos, pain ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melamine formaldehyde
Synonym for melamine resin ... A plastic material mixed with plaster of Paris for casts. Such a cast is lighter and stronger than one made with plaster of Paris alone. ... Synonym: melamine formaldehyde. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melamine resin
A plastic material mixed with plaster of Paris for casts. Such a cast is lighter and stronger than one made with plaster of Paris alone. ... Synonym: melamine formaldehyde. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melan-
<prefix> Prefix meaning dark or black. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

melancholic
1. Relating to or characteristic of melancholia. ... 2. Formerly, denoting a temperament characterised by irritability and a pessimistic outlook. ... 3. A person who is exhibiting melancholia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melancholy
1. Depressed in spirits; dejected; gloomy dismal. ... 2. Producing great evil and grief; causing dejection; calamitous; afflictive; as, a melancholy event. ... 3. Somewhat deranged in mind; having the jugment impaired. ... 4. Favorable to meditation; somber. 'A pretty, melancholy seat, well wooded and watered.' (Evelin) ... Synonym: Gloomy, sad, dispir …

melanedema
Synonym: anthracosis. ... Origin: melan-+ G. Oidema, swelling ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melanesia
The collective name for the islands of the pacific ocean northeast of Australia, including new caledonia, vanuatu, new hebrides, solomon islands, admiralty islands, bismarck archipelago, fiji, etc. Melanesia (from the greek melas, black + nesos, island) is so called from the black colour of the natives who are generally considered to be descended o …

melanian
<marine biology> One of a family of fresh water pectinibranchiate mollusks, having a turret-shaped shell. ... (19 Mar 1998) ...

melanidrosis
See: chromhidrosis, pseudochromidrosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melaniferous
Containing melanin or other black pigment. ... Origin: melan-(melanin) + L. Ferro, to carry ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melanin
<protein> Pigments largely of animal origin. High molecular weight polymers of indole quinone. Colours include black/brown, yellow, red and violet. Found in feathers, cuttle ink, human skin, hair and eyes and in cellular immune responses and wound healing in arthropods. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

melanins
Pigments causing darkness in skin, hair, feathers, etc. They are irregular polymeric structures and are divided into three groups: allomelanins in the plant kingdom and eumelanins and phaeomelanins in the animal kingdom. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

melano-
Black, extreme darkness of hue. ... Origin: G. Melas ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melanoacanthoma
A seborrheic keratosis with melanin pigmentation associated with proliferation of intraepidermal melanocytes. ... Origin: melano-+ G. Akantha, thorn, + suffix -oma, tumour ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melanoameloblastoma
<tumour> Synonym: melanotic neuroectodermal tumour of infancy. ... Origin: melano-+ ameloblastoma ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melanoblast
A cell derived from the neural crest; it migrates to various parts of the body early in embryonic life, and then becomes a mature melanocyte capable of forming melanin. ... Origin: melano-+ G. Blastos, germ, sprout ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melanoblastoma
<tumour> Obsolete term for melanoma. ... Origin: melano-+ G. Blastos, germ, sprout, + -oma, tumour ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melanocarcinoma
<tumour> Obsolete term for melanoma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melanocomous
Synonym: melanotrichous. ... Origin: melano-+ G. Kome, hair of the head ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melanocyte
Special cells in the skin and the eye that synthesise melanin pigments. Clusters of melanocytes often appear on the skin as moles. ... In fish and reptiles, the pigments are stored in melanosomes (chromatophores) that can be redistributed in the cytoplasm to change pigment patterns. ... Synonym: melanodendrocyte. ... Origin: melano-+ G. + kytos, a hol …

melanocytoma
<tumour> 1. A pigmented tumour of the uveal stroma. ... 2. Usually benign melanoma of the optic disk, appearing in markedly pigmented individuals as a small deeply pigmented tumour at the edge of the disk, sometimes extending into the retina and choroid; malignant metaplasia is rare. ... Origin: megalo-+ cyto-+ G. -oma; tumour ... (05 Mar 2000)< …

melanodendrocyte
Synonym for melanocyte ... Special cells in the skin and the eye that synthesise melanin pigments. Clusters of melanocytes often appear on the skin as moles. ... In fish and reptiles, the pigments are stored in melanosomes (chromatophores) that can be redistributed in the cytoplasm to change pigment patterns. ... Synonym: melanodendrocyte. ... Origin: …

melanoderma
1. An abnormal darkening of the skin by deposition of excess melanin. ... 2. Hyperpigmentation of the skin by melanin or deposition of dark metallic substances such as silver and iron. ... Origin: melano-+ G. Derma, skin ... Melanoderma cachecticorum, melanoderma of the cachectic, occurring in certain chronic diseases, such as malaria and tuberculosis …

melanodermatitis
Excessive deposit of melanin in an area of dermatitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melanodermic
Relating to or marked by melanoderma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melanogen
A colourless substance that may be converted into melanin; e.g., some patients with widespread metastases of melanoma excrete melanogen in their urine, and melanin is formed when the urine is exposed to air (i.e., oxidised) for a few hours. ... Origin: melanin + G. -gen, producing ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melanogenaemia
The presence of melanin precursors in the blood; may occur in malignant melanoma with metastasis. ... Origin: melanogen + G. Haima, blood ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melanogenesis
Formation of melanin. ... Origin: melanin + G. Genesis, production ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melanoglossia
Synonym: black tongue. ... Origin: melano-+ G. Glossa, tongue ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melanoid
A dark pigment, resembling melanin, formed from glucosamines in chitin. ... Synonym: artificial melanin, factitious melanin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melanokeratosis
Migration of conjunctival melanoblasts into the cornea. ... Origin: melano-+ kerato-+ G. -osis, condition ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melanoleukoderma
Marbled, or marmorated, skin. ... Origin: melano-+ G. Leukos, white, + derma, skin ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melanoleukoderma colli
Synonym for syphilitic leukoderma ... A fading of the roseola of secondary syphilis, leaving reticulated depigmented and hyperpigmented areas located chiefly on the sides of the neck. ... Synonym: leukoderma colli, melanoleukoderma colli. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melanoliberin
A hexapeptide similar to oxytocin; it stimulates the release of melanotropin. ... Synonym: melanotropin-releasing factor, melanotropin-releasing hormone. ... Origin: melanotropin + L. Libero, to free, + -in ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melanoma
<oncology, tumour> A tumour arising from the melanocytic system of the skin and other organs. When used alone the term refers to malignant melanoma. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

melanoma, amelanotic
An unpigmented malignant melanoma. It is an anaplastic melanoma consisting of cells derived from melanoblasts but not forming melanin. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

melanomatosis
A condition characterised by numerous, widespread lesions of melanoma. ... Origin: melanoma + G. -osis, condition ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melanonychia
Black pigmentation of the nails. ... Origin: melano-+ G. Onyx (onych-), nail ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melanopathy
Any disease marked by abnormal pigmentation of the skin. ... Origin: melano-+ G. Pathos, suffering ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melanophage
A histiocyte that has phagocytised melanin. ... Origin: melano-+ G. Phagein, to eat ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melanophore
Cell type found in skin of lower vertebrates (amphibian skin, fish scales) that contains granules of the black pigment melanin. The granules can be rapidly redeployed between a dispersed state (which darkens the skin) and concentration at the centre (which lightens it). One of a family of pigmented or light diffracting, coloured cells, known collec …

melanophore-expanding principle
Synonym for melanotropin ... A polypeptide hormone secreted by the intermediate lobe of the hypophysis in humans (in neurohypophysis in certain other species) which causes dispersion of melanin by melanophores, resulting in darkening of the skin, presumably by promoting melanin synthesis; this effect is readily demonstated in some lower vertebrates, …

melanophores
Pigment cells containing melanin. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

melanoplakia
The occurrence of pigmented patches on the tongue and buccal mucous membrane. ... Origin: melano-+ G. Plax, plate, plaque ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melanoprotein
A protein complex containing melanin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melanorrhagia
Synonym: melena. ... Origin: melano-+ G. Rhegnymi, to burst forth ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melanoscope
<instrument, optics> An instrument containing a combination of coloured glasses such that they transmit only red light, so that objects of other colours, as green leaves, appear black when seen through it. It is used for viewing coloured flames, to detect the presence of potassium, lithium, etc, by the red light which they emit. ... Origin: Gr …

melanosis
A disorder caused by a disturbance in melanin pigmentation, melanism. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

melanosis coli
Melanosis of the large intestinal mucosa due to accumulation of pigment of uncertain composition within macrophages in the lamina propria. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melanosis corii degenerativa
A congenital abnormality in which pigment is deposited in whorls and streaks; vesicles occasionally occur, and it may be associated with cardiac or neurologic disorders. ... Compare: incontinentia pigmenti, incontinentia pigmenti achromians. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melanosity
Darkness of complexion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melanosome
<cell biology> Membrane bounded organelle found in melanocytes, when melanin synthesis is active internal structure is characteristic, containing melanofilaments that have a periodicity of around 9nm and are arranged in parallel arrays. ... Mature melanosomes, in which the filamentous structure is masked by the dense accumulation of melanin, a …

melanostatin
Inhibits synthesis and release of melanotropin. ... Synonym: melanotropin release-inhibiting hormone. ... Origin: melanotropin + G. States, stationary, + -in ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melanotic
1. Pertaining to the presence, normal or pathologic, of melanin. ... 2. Relating to or characterised by melanosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melanotic carcinoma
<tumour> Obsolete term for melanoma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melanotic freckle
Synonym for lentigo maligna ... A brown or black mottled, irregularly outlined, slowly enlarging lesion resembling a lentigo in which there are increased numbers of scattered atypical melanocytes in the epidermis, usually occurring on the face of older persons; after many years the dermis may be invaded and the lesion is then termed lentigo maligna …

melanotic pigment
Synonym for melanin ... <protein> Pigments largely of animal origin. High molecular weight polymers of indole quinone. Colours include black/brown, yellow, red and violet. Found in feathers, cuttle ink, human skin, hair and eyes and in cellular immune responses and wound healing in arthropods. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

melanotic progonoma
A pigmented hairy nevus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melanotic whitlow
Synonym for subungual melanoma ... <tumour> A melanoma beginning in the skin at the border of or beneath the nail. ... Synonym: melanotic whitlow. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melanotonin
See: melatonin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melanotrichous
Having black hair. ... Synonym: melanocomous. ... Origin: melano-+ G. Thrix (trich-), hair ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melanotroph
A cell of the intermediate lobe of the hypophysis that produces melanotropin. ... Origin: melano-+ G. Trophe, nourishment ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melanotropin
A polypeptide hormone secreted by the intermediate lobe of the hypophysis in humans (in neurohypophysis in certain other species) which causes dispersion of melanin by melanophores, resulting in darkening of the skin, presumably by promoting melanin synthesis; this effect is readily demonstated in some lower vertebrates, such as frogs and fish; alp …

melanotropin-releasing factor
Synonym for melanoliberin ... A hexapeptide similar to oxytocin; it stimulates the release of melanotropin. ... Synonym: melanotropin-releasing factor, melanotropin-releasing hormone. ... Origin: melanotropin + L. Libero, to free, + -in ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melanotropin-releasing hormone
Synonym for melanoliberin ... A hexapeptide similar to oxytocin; it stimulates the release of melanotropin. ... Synonym: melanotropin-releasing factor, melanotropin-releasing hormone. ... Origin: melanotropin + L. Libero, to free, + -in ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melanuria
The excretion of urine of a dark colour, resulting from the presence of melanin or other pigments or from the action of phenol, creosote, resorcin, and other coal tar derivatives. ... Origin: melano-+ G. Ouron, urine ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melarsoprol
<chemical> Arsenical used in trypanosomiases. It may cause fatal encephalopathy and other undesirable side effects. ... Pharmacological action: trypanocidal agents. ... Chemical name: 1,3,2-Dithiarsolane-4-methanol, 2-(4-((4,6-diamino-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

MELAS
An acronym for mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactacidosis, and stroke; an inherited disorder of the respiratory chain, either a deficiency of NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I of the chain) or of cytochrome c oxidase. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melas syndrome
<syndrome> A major subgroup of the mitochondrial encephalomyopathies characterised by mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes. It has been diagnosed in all age groups. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

melasma gravidarum
Chloasma occurring in pregnancy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melasma universale
senile melanoderma ...

melastoma
<botany> A genus of evergreen tropical shrubs; so called from the black berries of some species, which stain the mouth. ... Origin: Gr. Mela = black, stoma = mouth. ... (06 Mar 1998) ...

melatonin
<hormone> A hormone secreted by the pineal gland. ... In lower vertebrates causes aggregation of pigment in melanophores and thus lightens skin. In humans believed to play a role in establishment of circadian rhythms. ... (13 Nov 1997) ...

melatonin deacetylase
<enzyme> Enzyme from various vertebrate ocular tissues converts melatonin to 5-hydroxytryptamine ... Registry number: EC 3.5.1.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

melatope
<microscopy> The centre of rotation of the isogyres in biaxial interference figures representing the point of emergence of rays that, in the crystal, travel along the optic axes. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

Melchior syndrome
Synonym for Dyggve-Melchior-Clausen syndrome ... <syndrome> An osteochondrodysplasia that clinically resembles Morquio's syndrome, but without excretion of mucopolysaccharides; characterised by mental retardation, short stature, progressive sternal bulging, flattening of vertebral bodies and iliac crests, shortening of metacarpals, and changes …

melena
Synonym for melaena ... 1. <gastroenterology> The passage of dark, pitchy and grumous stools stained with blood pigments or with altered blood. ... 2. Black vomit. ... Origin: Gr. Melaina, feminine of Gr. Melas = black ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

melena neonatorum
<paediatrics> Melena of the newborn or melana occurring in young infants. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melena spuria
<paediatrics> Passage in the stool of blood that has been swallowed, especially that swallowed by nurslings from a fissured nipple. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melena vera
<gastroenterology> True melena as distinguished from melena spuria. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melenemesis
Vomiting of dark-coloured or blackish material. ... See: black vomit. ... Origin: G. Melas, black, + emesis, vomiting ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Meleney, Frank
<person> U.S. Surgeon, 1889-1963. ... See: Meleney's gangrene, Meleney's ulcer. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Meleney's gangrene
Synonym for Meleney's ulcer ... Undermining ulcer of the skin and subcutaneous tissues, usually following an operation, caused by a synergistic interaction between microaerophilic nonhemolytic streptococci and aerobic haemolytic staphylococci. ... Synonym: Meleney's gangrene, progressive bacterial synergistic gangrene. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Meleney's ulcer
Undermining ulcer of the skin and subcutaneous tissues, usually following an operation, caused by a synergistic interaction between microaerophilic nonhemolytic streptococci and aerobic haemolytic staphylococci. ... Synonym: Meleney's gangrene, progressive bacterial synergistic gangrene. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melengestrol acetate
<chemical> A progestational hormone with reported glucocorticoid and antineoplastic activity. ... Pharmacological action: antineoplastic agent, hormonal, glucocorticoids, synthetic, progestational hormones, synthetic. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

meli-
Honey, sugar. ... See: mel-. ... Origin: G. Meli ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melibiase
Synonym for alpha-d-galactosidase ... <enzyme> An enzyme catalyzing the hydrolysis of alpha-d-galactosides to release free d-galactose. A deficiency of type A alpha-d-galactosidase is associated with Fabry's disease. ... Synonym: melibiase. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melibiose
<chemical> 6-0-alpha-d-galactopyranosyl-d-glucose. A disaccharide consisting of one galactose and one glucose moiety in an alpha (1-6) glycosidic linkage. ... Chemical name: D-Glucose, 6-O-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

melibiose permease
<chemical> ... Chemical name: permease, melibiose ... Synonym: melibiose porter, melibiose carrier, melibiose sodium symporter, mely gene product ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

melicera
A hygroma or other type of cyst that contains a relatively thick, tenacious, semifluid material. ... Origin: G. Meli-keris, a tumour, fr. Melikeron, honeycomb, fr. Meli, honey, + keros, wax ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melilot
<botany> Any species of Melilotus, a genus of leguminous herbs having a vanillalike odour; sweet clover; hart's clover. The blue melilot (Melilotus caerulea) is used in Switzerland to give colour and flavor to sapsago cheese. ... Origin: F. Melilot, L. Melilotus, fr. Gr, a kind of clover containing honey; meli honey + lotus. ... Source: Webster …

melioidosis
A disease of humans and animals that resembles glanders. It is caused by burkholderia pseudomallei and may range from a dormant infection to a condition that causes multiple abscesses, pneumonia, and bacteraemia. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

melissic acid
Found in waxes. ... Origin: G. Melissa, bee + -ic ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melissophobia
Synonym: apiphobia. ... Origin: G. Melissa, bee, + phobos, fear ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melitis
Inflammation of the cheek. ... Origin: G. Melon, cheek, + -itis, inflammation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melitracen hydrochloride
9,10-Dihydro-10,10-dimethyl-9-(3-dimethylaminopropylidene) anthracene hydrochloride;an antidepressant. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

melitriose
Synonym for raffinose ... <biochemistry, plant biology> A nonreducing trisaccharide found in sugar beet and many seeds, consisting of the disaccharide sucrose bearing a D galactosyl residue linked _(1-6) to its glucose group. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

melitten
<chemical> Basic polypeptide from the venom of the honey bee (apis mellifera); it contains 62 amino acids, has cytolytic properties, causes contracture of muscle, releases histamine and disrupts surface tension, probably due to lysis of cell and mitochondrial membranes. ... Synonym: melittin; melliten. ... Chemical name: Melittin (honeybee) ... …