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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

methylenebis(chloroaniline)
<chemical> 4,4'-methylene-bis(2-chloroaniline). Aromatic diamine used in the plastics industry as curing agent for epoxy resins and urethane rubbers. It causes bladder, liver, lung, and other neoplasms. ... Pharmacological action: carcinogens. ... Chemical name: Benzenamine, 4,4'-methylenebis(2-chloro- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

methylenesuccinic acid
Synonym for itaconic acid ... CH2==C(COOH)CH2COOH;the decarboxylation product of cis-aconitic acid. ... Synonym: methylenesuccinic acid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

methylenophil
Methylenophile ... Staining readily with methylene blue; denoting certain cells and histologic structures. ... Synonym: methylenophilic, methylenophilous. ... Origin: methylene + G. Philos, fond ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

methylenophilic
Synonym for methylenophil ... Methylenophile ... Staining readily with methylene blue; denoting certain cells and histologic structures. ... Synonym: methylenophilic, methylenophilous. ... Origin: methylene + G. Philos, fond ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

methylergometrine maleate
Synonym for methylergonovine maleate ... D-Lysergic acid-dl-hydroxybutylamide-2 maleate;a partially synthesised derivative of lysergic acid with oxytocic action, used to prevent or treat postpartum uterine atony and haemorrhage. ... Synonym: methylergometrine maleate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

methylergonovine
<chemical> A homolog of ergonovine containing one more ch2 group. (merck index, 11th ed) ... Pharmacological action: oxytocics. ... Chemical name: Ergoline-8-carboxamide, 9,10-didehydro-N-(1-(hydroxymethyl)propyl)-6-methyl-, (8beta(S))- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

methylergonovine maleate
D-Lysergic acid-dl-hydroxybutylamide-2 maleate;a partially synthesised derivative of lysergic acid with oxytocic action, used to prevent or treat postpartum uterine atony and haemorrhage. ... Synonym: methylergometrine maleate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

methylformate synthase
<enzyme> Enzyme from methylotrophic yeasts catalyses formation of methylformate from formaldehyde and methanol in the presence of nad+; proposed mechanism is alcohol oxidation of an intermediate hemiacetal, ch2(oh)och3 ... Registry number: EC 1.1.1.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

methylglucamine
Cation commonly used in water-soluble iodinated radiographic contrast media. ... Synonym: N-methylglucamine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

methylglucamine diatrizoate
Synonym for meglumine diatrizoate ... N-methylglucamine salt of 3,5-diacetamido-2,4,6-triiodobenzoic acid;a water-soluble organic iodine compound used for excretory urography, for contrast visualization of the cardiovascular system, and orally for opacification of the gastrointestinal tract. ... Synonym: methylglucamine diatrizoate. ... (05 Mar 2000)< …

methylglutaconyl-CoA hydratase
<enzyme> Catalyses conversion of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA to trans-3-methylglutaconyl-CoA and water ... Registry number: EC 4.2.1.18 ... Synonym: 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA hydro-lyase, 3-methylglutaconyl-coenzyme a hydratase, 3-methylglutaconyl-CoA hydratase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

methylglyoxal
CH3-CO-CHO; Pyruvaldehyde;the aldehyde of pyruvic acid; an intermediate of carbohydrate metabolism in certain organisms. ... Synonym: pyruvic aldehyde. ... Methylglyoxal bis(guanylhydrazone), 1,1'-[(methylethanediylidene)dinitrilo]diguanidine;an antineoplastic agent. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

methylglyoxal dehydrogenase
<enzyme> Oxidises methylglyoxal to pyruvate; requires nad ... Registry number: EC 1.2.1.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

methylglyoxalase
Synonym for lactoylglutathione lyase ... <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the interconversion of methylglyoxal and lactate, with glutathione serving as a coenzyme. ... Chemical name: S-Lactoyl-glutathione methylglyoxal-lyase (isomerizing) ... Registry number: EC 4.4.1.5 ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

methylguanidine
<chemical> A product of putrefaction. Poisonous. ... Chemical name: Guanidine, methyl- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

methylguanidine synthase
<enzyme> Flavoprotein from rat kidney lysosomes and peroxisomes; converts creatol to methylguanidine; requires oxygen; mechanism not known 4/93, but may be an oxygenase ... Registry number: EC 1.13.99.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

methylhexaneamine
4-Methyl-2-hexylamine;a volatile sympathetic amine base, used as an inhalant nasal decongestant. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

methylhistamines
Histamine substituted in any position with one or more methyl groups. Many of these are agonists for the h1, h2, or both histamine receptors. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

methylhistidines
Histidine substituted in any position with one or more methyl groups. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

methylhydrazines
Hydrazines substituted by one or more methyl groups in any position. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

methylkinase
Synonym for methyltransferase ... <enzyme> That transfers a methyl group from S adenosyl methionine to a substrate. most commonly encountered in bacterial chemotaxis where the methyl accepting chemotaxis proteins (MCPs) become methylated in the course of adaptation. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

methylmalonate semialdehyde
OHC-CH(CH3)-COO-;an intermediate in l-valine catabolism; elevated in certain inborn disorders. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

methylmalonic acid
<chemical> Methylpropanedioic acid. A malonic acid derivative which is a vital intermediate in the metabolism of fat and protein. Abnormalities in methylmalonic acid metabolism lead to methylmalonic aciduria. This metabolic disease is attributed to a block in the enzymatic conversion of methylmalonyl CoA to succinyl-CoA. ... Chemical name: Pro …

methylmalonic acidaemia
<biochemistry> A group of inherited metabolic disorders that result in the accumulation of methylmalonic acid in the bloodstream. This leads to a severe metabolic acidosis (and ketosis) that can be fatal. A defect in the metabolic pathway of methylmalonic acid, vitamin B12 and succinic acid is the underlying cause. An infection can trigger a …

methylmalonic acidemia
ketotic hyperglycinaemia ...

methylmalonic aciduria
Excretion of excessive amounts of methylmalonic acid in urine owing to deficient activity of methylmalonyl-CoA mutase or deficient cobalamin reductase. Two types occur: 1) an inborn error of metabolism resulting in severe ketoacidosis shortly after birth, with long-chain urinary ketones; autosomal recessive inheritance; 2) acquired, a type due to v …

methylmalonyl-CoA
An intermediate in the degradation of several metabolites (e.g., valine, methionine, odd-chain fatty acids, theronine); elevated in cases of pernicious anaemia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

methylmalonyl-CoA epimerase
<enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the interconversion of d-methylmalonyl-CoA and l-methylmalonyl-CoA. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

methylmalonyl-CoA mutase
<enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the conversion of methylmalonyl-CoA to succinyl-CoA by transfer of the carbonyl group. It requires a cobamide coenzyme. A block in this enzymatic conversion leads to the metabolic disease, methylmalonic aciduria. ... Chemical name: (R)-2-Methyl-3-oxopropanoyl-CoA CoA-carbonylmutase ... Registry number: EC 5.4.9 …

methylmannosides
Mannosides formed by the reaction of the hydroxyl group on the anomeric carbon atom of mannose with methyl alcohol. They include both alpha- and beta-methylmannosides. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

methylmercury
Synonym for dimethylmercury ... A contaminant of seafood products synthesised in sediments from mercury and mercury-containing chemicals dumped in waters supporting marine life. The methylmercury is concentrated in aquatic life forms and can thus be deposited in fishes intended for human consumption. Probable cause of Minimata disease, a teratogenic …

methylmercury compounds
Organic compounds in which mercury is attached to a methyl group. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

methylmethacrylates
The methyl esters of methacrylic acid that polymerise easily and are used as tissue cements, dental materials, and absorbent for biological substances. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

methylmorphine
Synonym for codeine ... <chemical> An opioid analgesic related to morphine but with less potent analgesic properties and mild sedative effects. It also acts centrally to suppress cough. ... Pharmacological action: analgesics, opioid, antitussive agents, narcotics. ... Chemical name: Morphinan-6-ol, 7,8-didehydro-4,5-epoxy-3-methoxy-17-methyl-, ( …

methylnitronitrosoguanidine
<chemical> 1-methyl-3-nitro-1-nitrosoguanidine. A nitrosoguanidine derivative with potent mutagenic and carcinogenic properties. ... Pharmacological action: carcinogens, mutagens. ... Chemical name: Guanidine, N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitroso- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

methylnitrosourea
<chemical> 1-methyl-1-nitrosourea. A nitrosourea compound with alkylating, carcinogenic, and mutagenic properties. ... Pharmacological action: alkylating agents, carcinogens, mutagens. ... Chemical name: Urea, N-methyl-N-nitroso- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

methylococcaceae
A family of gram-negative, aerobic bacteria utilizing only one-carbon organic compounds. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

methylol
Hydroxymethyl; the radical, -CH2OH. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

methylol riboflavin
A mixture of methylol derivatives of riboflavin formed by the action of formaldehyde on riboflavin in weakly alkaline solution; it has the same action as riboflavin, but is preferred for parenteral administration. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

methylose
A sugar in which the carbon atom farthest from the carbonyl group is a methyl (CH3). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

methylotroph
Yeasts, like Hansenula polymorpha, that utilise methanol as an energy source. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

methylparaben
Methylp-hydroxybenzoate;an antifungal preservative. ... Synonym: methyl hydroxybenzoate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

methylpentose
A hexose (a 6-deoxyhexose) in which carbon-6 is part of a methyl group; e.g., rhamnose, fucose. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

methylphenazonium methosulfate
<chemical> 5-methylphenazinium methosulfate. Used as an electron carrier in place of the flavine enzyme of warburg in the hexosemonophosphate system and also in the preparation of succinic dehydrogenase. ... Chemical name: Phenazinium, 5-methyl-, methyl sulfate ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

methylphenidate
This central nervous system stimulant drug is used to attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

methylphenidate hydrochloride
Methyl alpha-phenyl-2-piperidineacetate hydrochloride;a central nervous system stimulant used to produce mild cortical stimulation in various types of depressions; commonly used in the treatment of hyperkinetic or hyperactive (attention deficit disorder) children. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

methylprednisolone
<chemical> (6 alpha,11 beta)-11,17,21-trihydroxy-6-methylpregna-1,4-diene-3,2-dione. A prednisolone derivative which has pharmacological actions similar to prednisolone. ... Pharmacological action: steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, antiemetics, glucocorticoids, synthetic, glucocorticoids, topical, neuroprotective agents. ... Chemical name: Pr …

methylprednisolone acetate
6-methylprednisolone 21 acetate;has the same actions and uses as methylprednisolone; aqueous suspensions are suitable for intrasynovial and soft tissue injection. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

methylprednisolone hemisuccinate
<chemical> (6 alpha,11 beta)-21-(3-carboxy-1-oxopropoxy)-11,17-dihydroxy-6-methylpregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione. A water-soluble ester of methylprednisolone used for cardiac, allergic, and hypoxic emergencies. ... Pharmacological action: steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, antineoplastic agent, hormonal, glucocorticoids, synthetic, glucocorticoid …

methylrosaniline chloride
Synonym for crystal violet ... Hexamethylpararosanilin chloride;a compound that has been used in the external treatment of burns, wounds, and fungal infections of skin and mucous membranes, and internally for pinworm and certain fluke infections; used also as a stain for chromatin, amyloid, platelets in blood, fibrin, and neuroglia, and to different …

methyltestosterone
<chemical> 17 beta-hydroxy-17-methylandrost-4-en-3-one. ... Pharmacological action: anabolic steroids, androgens, synthetic, antineoplastic agent, hormonal. ... Chemical name: Androst-4-en-3-one, 17-hydroxy-17-methyl-, (17beta)- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

methylthioadenosine
Adenosine carrying an -SCH3 group in place of OH at position 5'; the -SCH3 group is transferred to alpha-aminobutyric acid to form l-methionine in some bacteria. Methylthioadenosine is formed from S-adenosyl-l-methionine in the course of spermidine synthesis by loss of the alanine moiety. ... Synonym: thiomethyladenosine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

methylthioinosine
<chemical> 6-(methylthio)-9-beta-d-ribofuranosylpurine. An analog of inosine with a methylthio group replacing the hydroxyl group in the 6-position. ... Chemical name: Inosine, 6-S-methyl-6-thio- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

methylthiolase
<enzyme> Catalyses the cleavage of the methylthio group from 5-methylthioribose-1-phosphate ... Chemical name: 5-methylthioribose-1-phosphate methylthiolase ... Registry number: EC 3.3.1.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

methylthiouracil
<chemical> A thiourea antithyroid agent that inhibits the synthesis of thyroid hormone. It is used in the treatment of hyperthyroidism. ... Pharmacological action: antithyroid agents. ... Chemical name: 4(1H)-Pyrimidinone, 2,3-dihydro-6-methyl-2-thioxo- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

methyltocol
A methylated tocol; e.g., tocotrienol, the tocopherols. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

methyltransferase
<enzyme> That transfers a methyl group from S adenosyl methionine to a substrate. most commonly encountered in bacterial chemotaxis where the methyl accepting chemotaxis proteins (MCPs) become methylated in the course of adaptation. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

methyltransferases
<enzyme> A subclass of enzymes of the transferase class that catalyze the transfer of a methyl group from one compound to another. ... Registry number: EC 2.1.1. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

methyltyrosines
A group of compounds that are methyl derivatives of the amino acid tyrosine. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

methylumbelliferone sulfatase
<enzyme> Used as test substrate for arylsulfatases ... Registry number: EC 3.1.6.- ... Synonym: 4-methylumbelliferone sulfate sulfatase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

methylurea compounds
Urea compounds which are substituted with one or more methyl groups. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

methylxanthines
A chemical group of drugs derived from xanthine (a purine derivative); members of the group include theophylline, caffeine, and theobromine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

methyprylone
3,3-Diethyl-2,4-dioxo-5-methylpiperidine;a sedative and hypnotic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

methysergide
<radiology> Treatment for migraine, can cause retroperitoneal fibrosis ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

methysergide maleate
N-[1-(Hydroxymethyl)propyl]-1-methyl-d-lysergamide bimaleate;a serotonin antagonist, weakly adrenolytic, chemically related to methylergonovine; used in the prophylactic treatment of vascular headache (migraine); untoward effects are common. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

methysticum
The root of Piper methysticum (family Piperaceae), a plant of the Pacific islands, used by the natives as an intoxicant. It has been used in diarrhoea and in inflammatory affection of the urogenital tract. ... Synonym: kava. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metiamide
<chemical> A histamine h2 receptor antagonist that is used as an anti-ulcer agent. ... Pharmacological action: anti-ulcer agents, histamine h2 antagonists. ... Chemical name: Thiourea, N-methyl-N'-(2-(((5-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)methyl)thio)ethyl)- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

metipranolol
<chemical> A beta-adrenergic antagonist effective for both beta-1 and beta-2 receptors. It is used as an antiarrhythmic, antihypertensive, and antiglaucoma agent. ... Pharmacological action: adrenergic beta-antagonists, anti-arrhythmia agents, antihypertensive agents, sympatholytics. ... Chemical name: Phenol, 4-(2-hydroxy-3-((1-methylethyl)ami …

metlegoglobin reductase
<enzyme> From lupine nodules; has NADH diaphorase activity; mw of flavoprotein: 30,000 ... Registry number: EC 1.6.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

metMb
<abbreviation> Metmyoglobin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metmyoglobin
<chemical> Myoglobin which is in the oxidised ferric or hemin form. The oxidation causes a change in colour from red to brown. ... Chemical name: Myoglobins, met- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

metoclopramide
<chemical> A dopamine d2 antagonist that is used as an antiemetic. ... Pharmacological action: antiemetics, dopamine antagonists. ... Chemical name: Benzamide, 4-amino-5-chloro-N-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl)-2-methoxy- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

metoclopramide hydrochloride
4-Amino-5-chloro-N-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-o-anisamide hydrochloride;an antiemetic agent. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metocurine iodide
(+)-O,O'-dimethylchondrocurarine diiodide;a nondepolarising neuromuscular blocking agent used to provide relaxation during surgical operations. ... Synonym: dimethyl d-tubocurarine, dimethyl tubocurarine iodide. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metolazone
<chemical> 7-chloro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-2-methyl-4-oxo-3-o-tolyl-6-quinazoline sulfonamide. A potent, long acting diuretic useful in chronic renal disease. It also tends to lower blood pressure and increase potassium loss. ... Pharmacological action: antihypertensive agents, diuretics, sulfamyl. ... Chemical name: 6-Quinazolinesulfonamide, 7-chl …

metopagus
Conjoined twins united at the forehead. ... See: conjoined twins. ... Origin: G. Metopon, forehead, + pagos, something fixed ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metope
1. The space between two triglyphs of the Doric frieze, which, among the ancients, was often adorned with carved work. ... 2. <zoology> The face of a crab. ... In the Parthenon, groups of centaurs and heroes in high relief occupy the metopes. ... Origin: NL, fr. Gr.; with, between + opening, hole, the hole in the frieze between the beam ends. …

metopic point
Synonym for metopion ... A craniometric point midway between the frontal eminences. ... Synonym: metopic point. ... Origin: G. Metopon, forehead ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metopic suture
A persistent frontal suture, sometimes discernible a short distance above sutura frontonasalis. ... Synonym: sutura metopica. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metopion
A craniometric point midway between the frontal eminences. ... Synonym: metopic point. ... Origin: G. Metopon, forehead ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metopism
Persistence of the frontal suture in the adult. ... Origin: G. Metopon, forehead ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metopoplasty
Plastic surgery of the skin or bone of the forehead. ... Origin: G. Metopon, forehead, + plastos, formed ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metoposcopy
The study of physiognomy. ... Origin: G. Metopon, forehead, + skopeo, to view ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metoprolol
<chemical> Adrenergic beta-1-blocking agent with no stimulatory action. It is less bound to plasma albumin than alprenolol and may be useful in angina pectoris, hypertension, or cardiac arrhythmias. ... Pharmacological action: adrenergic beta-antagonists, anti-arrhythmia agents, antihypertensive agents, sympatholytics. ... Chemical name: 2-Prop …

metoprolol tartrate
1-Isopropylamino-3-[p-(2-methoxyethyl)phenoxy]-2-propanol (2:1) dextrotartrate salt;a beta-adrenergic blocking agent used in the treatment of hypertension; exhibits some cardioselectivity. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Metorchis
A genus of opisthorchid fish-borne flukes parasitic in the gallbladder of fish-eating mammals and birds, common in north temperate regions. Metorchis conjunctus is a species that occurs in dogs and cats, and occasionally in humans, in North America. ... Origin: G. Meta, behind, + orchis, testicle ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metorphamide
<protein> Amidated opioid octapeptide from bovine brain. Derived by proteolytic cleavage from proenkephalin. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

metorrhagia
Uterine bleeding at irregular intervals. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

metoxenous
Synonym: heterecious. ... Origin: G. Meta, beyond, + xenos, host ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metoxeny
Synonym: heterecism. ... 2. Change of host by a parasite. ... Origin: G. Meta, beyond, + xenos, host ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metr-
Metra-metro- ... The uterus. ... See: hystero-, utero-. ... Origin: G. Metra ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metra
Synonym: uterus. ... Origin: G. Uterus ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metratonia
Atony of the uterine walls after childbirth. ... Origin: metra-+ G. A-priv. + tonos, tension ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metratrophy
Metratrophia ... Uterine atrophy. ... Origin: metra-atrophy ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metre
1. Rhythmical arrangement of syllables or words into verses, stanzas, strophes, etc.; poetical measure, depending on number, quantity, and accent of syllables; rhythm; measure; verse; also, any specific rhythmical arrangements; as, the Horatian meters; a dactylic meter. 'The only strict antithesis to prose is meter.' (Wordsworth) ... 2. A measure of …

metria
Pelvic cellulitis or other inflammatory affection in the puerperal period. ... Origin: G. Metra, uterus ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metrial gland
Collection of granular epithelial cells in the uterine muscle beneath the placenta that develop during pregnancy in certain species of animals. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

metribolone
<chemical> 17 beta-hydroxy-17-methylestra-4,9,11-trien-3-one. A synthetic non-aromatizable androgen and anabolic steroid. It binds strongly to the androgen receptor and has therefore also been used as an affinity label for this receptor in the prostate and in prostatic tumours. ... Pharmacological action: androgens, synthetic. ... Chemical name …

metric
1. Relating to measurement; involving, or proceeding by, measurement. ... 2. Of or pertaining to the meter as a standard of measurement; of or pertaining to the decimal system of measurement of which a meter is the unit; as, the metric system; a metric measurement. ... <chemistry> Metric analysis, analysis by volume; volumetric analysis. Metric …

metric system
A system of weights and measures, universal for scientific use, based upon the meter, which was originally intended to be one ten-millionth of a quadrant of the earth's meridian and now is based on the length that light travels in a vacuum in a given period of time (see meter). Prefixes of the meter (and other standards) reflect either fractions or …