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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

metaphase i
<cell biology> The stage in the first meiotic division of meiosis that follows prophase I. Homologous chromosomes pair with each other to form tetrads of four chromatids and they align themselves along a single plane in the centre of the cell. Homologous recombination generally occurs during this stage. This stage ends as soon as the homologo …

metaphase II
<cell biology> The stage in the second meiotic division of meiosis that follows prophase II, during which the chromosomes are aligned along a single plane in the centre of each cell produced during the first meiotic division (two total cells). Each chromosome can clearly be observed as a pair of joined, identical chromatids. The stage ends as …

metaphase plate
<cell biology> The plane of the spindle approximately equidistant from the two poles along which the chromosomes are lined up during mitosis or meiosis. Also termed the equator. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

metaphor
The application of a concept to which it is not literally applicable but which suggests a resemblance and invites comparison. Metaphors as figures of speech are a common literary device but in the history of medicine, metaphors lend a philosophical aura. Medical metaphors were widespread in ancient literature; the description of a sick body was oft …

metaphosphoric acid
Synonym for glacial phosphoric acid ... An anhydride of phosphoric acid used as a reagent, and in the manufacture of zinc oxyphosphate cement for dentistry. ... Synonym: metaphosphoric acid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metaphyseal dysplasia
<radiology> (Pyle disease) also known as: craniometaphyseal dysplasia, autosomal recessive, failure of modeling of cylindrical bones, Erlenmeyer flask appearance of metaepiphyses ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

metaphysial
Relating to a metaphysis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metaphysial dysostosis
A rare developmental abnormality of the skeleton in which metaphyses of tubular bones are expanded by deposits of cartilage. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metaphysial dysplasia
An abnormality that occurs when new bone at the metaphyses of long bones fails to undergo remodeling to the normal tubular structure; the ends of long bones appear to be expanded and porotic, with thin cortex; there may be an associated overgrowth of cranial bones (craniometaphysial dysplasia). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metaphysial fibrous cortical defect
A small (less than 2 to 3 cm in diameter) fibrous cortical d. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metaphysics
1. The science of real as distinguished from phenomenal being; ontology; also, the science of being, with reference to its abstract and universal conditions, as distinguished from the science of determined or concrete being; the science of the conceptions and relations which are necessarily implied as true of every kind of being; phylosophy in gene …

metaphysis
A conical section of bone between the epiphysis and diaphysis of long bones. ... Origin: meta-+ G. Physis, growth ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metaphysitis
Inflammation of the metaphysis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metaplasia
<oncology, pathology> The change in the type of adult cells in a tissue to a form which is not formal for that tissue. ... Origin: Gr. Plassein = to form ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

metaplasis
1. E.H. Haeckel's term for the stage of completed growth or development of the individual. ... Synonym: metaplasia. ... Origin: G. A transformation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metaplasm
Synonym: cell inclusions. ... Origin: meta-+ G. Plasma, something formed ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metaplastic
Pertaining to metaplasia or metaplasis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metaplastic anaemia
Pernicious anaemia in which the various formed elements in the blood are changed, e.g., multisegmented, unusually large neutrophils (macropolycytes), immature myeloid cells, bizarre platelets. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metaplastic carcinoma
<tumour> A carcinoma in which some of the tumour cells are spindle shaped, suggesting a sarcoma, or in which the stroma shows foci of bone or cartilage; such carcinoma's occur in the upper respiratory or alimentary tract or in the breast. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metaplastic polyp
Synonym for hyperplastic polyp ... A benign small sessile polyp of the large bowel showing lengthening and cystic dilation of mucosal glands; also applied to non-neoplastic gastric mucosal polyp's. ... Synonym: metaplastic polyp. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metaplexus
The choroid plexus in the fourth ventricle of the brain. ... Origin: meta-+ L. Plexus, an interweaving ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metapore
Rarely used term for apertura mediana ventriculi quarti. ... Origin: meta-+ G. Poros, pore ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metaprotein
Nondescript term for a derived protein obtained by the action of acids or alkalies, soluble in weak acids or alkalies but insoluble in neutral solutions; e.g., albuminate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metaproterenol sulfate
3,5-Dihydroxy-alpha-[(isopropylamino)methyl]benzyl alcohol sulfate;a sympathomimetic bronchodilator used for the treatment of bronchial asthma and in chronic obstructive lung disease. It has relatively greater effect on b2-adrenergic receptors than b1, conferring some selectivity in relaxing bronchiolar smooth muscle as compared with cardiac stimul …

metapsychology
1. A systematic attempt to discern and describe what lies beyond the empirical facts and laws of psychology, such as the relations between body and mind, or concerning the place of the mind in the universe. ... 2. In psychoanalysis, or psychoanalytic metapsychology, psychology concerning the fundamental assumptions of the freudian theory of the mind …

metapyretic
Synonym: postfebrile. ... Origin: meta-+ G. Pyretos, fever ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metapyrocatechase
Synonym for catechol 2,3-dioxygenase ... <enzyme> An oxidoreductase oxidizing catechol, with oxygen, to 2-hydroxymuconate semialdehyde. ... Synonym: metapyrocatechase. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metaraminol
<chemical> Alpha-(1-aminoethyl)-3-hydroxybenzenemethanol. An adrenergic agonist that acts predominantly at alpha adrenergic receptors and also stimulates the release of norepinephrine. It has been used primarily as a vasoconstrictor in the treatment of hypotension. ... Pharmacological action: adrenergic alpha-agonists, adrenergic agents, sympa …

metaraminol bitartrate
L-alpha-(1-Aminoethyl)-m-hydroxybenzyl alcohol hydrogen d-tartrate;a potent sympathomimetic amine used for the elevation and maintenance of blood pressure in acute hypotensive states and topically as a nasal decongestant. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metarhodopsin
A light-activated form of rhodopsin; metarhodopsin I is formed from lumirhodopsin and is converted to metarhodopsin II; metarhodopsin II is the form of rhodopsin that releases all-trans-retinal. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metarteriole
One of the small peripheral blood vessels between the arterioles and the true capillaries that contain scattered groups of smooth muscle fibres in their walls. ... Origin: meta-+ arteriole ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metarubricyte
Orthochromatic normoblast. ... See: normoblast. ... Pernicious anaemia type metarubricyte, orthochromatic megaloblast. ... See: megaloblast. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metasilicic
<chemistry> Designating an acid derived from silicic acid by the removal of water; of or pertaining to such an acid. ... The salts of metasilicic acid are often called bisilicates, in mineralogy, as Wollastonite (CaSiO3). ... <chemistry> Metasilicic acid, a gelatinous substance, or white amorphous powder, analogous to carbonic acid, and f …

metastable
1. Of uncertain stability; in a condition to pass into another phase when slightly disturbed; e.g., water, when cooled below the freezing point may remain liquid but will at once congeal if a piece of ice is added. ... 2. Denoting the excited condition of the nucleus of a radionuclide isomer that reaches a lower energy state by the process of isomer …

metastases
<oncology> Cancer that started from cancer cells from another part of the body. For example: cancer that starts in the breast can spread to the lymph nodes and then be spread throughout the body. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

metastases to the liver
<oncology> The spread of cancerous tumours from a distant organ to the liver. Due to the livers tremendous blood and lymphatic supply it is a frequent site for metastatic cancer. Cancers which commonly metastasize to the liver include colon cancer, breast cancer, neuroblastoma, lung cancer and Hodgkin's disease. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

metastasis
1. <cell biology, oncology> The transfer of disease from one organ or part to another not directly connected with it. It may be due either to the transfer of pathogenic microorganisms (for example, tubercle bacilli) or to transfer of cells, as in malignant tumours. The capacity to metastasize is a characteristic of all malignant tumours. ... 2 …

metastasize
<oncology> To spread to another part of the body, usually through the blood vessels, lymph channels or spinal fluid. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

metastasizing septicaemia
Sepsis, with entry of microorganisms into the blood stream leading to abscess formation at a distance from the original site of infection. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metastatic
Spread of a disease from the organ or tissue of origin to another part of the body. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

metastatic abscess
A secondary abscess formed, at a distance from the primary focus, as a result of the transportation of pyogenic bacteria by the lymph or bloodstream. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metastatic brain tumour
A malignant growth in brain tissue that has spread from another primary cancer site (for example breast cancer, malignant melanoma, lung cancer) in the body. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

metastatic breast cancer
Breast cancer that has spread to other parts of the body. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

metastatic calcification
Calcification occurring in nonosseous, viable tissue (i.e., tissue that is not degenerated or necrotic), as in the stomach, lungs, and kidneys (and rarely in other sites); the cells of these organs secrete acid materials, and, under certain conditions in instances of hypercalcaemia, the alteration in pH seems to cause precipitation of calcium salts …

metastatic cancer
Cancer that has spread from its primary point of origin to a distant anatomical site. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

metastatic cancer to the lung
The spread of cancerous tumours from a distant organ to the lung. Due to the lungs tremendous blood and lymphatic supply it is a frequent site for metastatic cancer. Cancers which commonly metastasize to the lung include osteosarcoma, breast cancer, neuroblastoma, Wilm's tumour and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

metastatic carcinoid syndrome
Synonym for carcinoid syndrome ... <oncology, syndrome> A constellation of symptoms associated with a serotonin-secreting neoplasm known as carcinoid tumour. ... These tumours may grow anywhere in the gastrointestinal tract (and in the lungs) with approximately 90% in the appendix. The remainder occur in the ileum, stomach, colon or rectum. ... …

metastatic carcinoma
<tumour> A carcinoma that has appeared in a region remote from its site of origin, as in metastasis. ... Synonym: secondary carcinoma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metastatic choroiditis
Inflammation of the choroid arising from microbial emboli. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metastatic lung cancer
The spread of cancerous tumours from a distant organ to the lung. Due to the lungs tremendous blood and lymphatic supply it is a frequent site for metastatic cancer. Cancers which commonly metastasize to the lung include osteosarcoma, breast cancer, neuroblastoma, Wilm's tumour and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

metastatic mumps
Mumps complicated by involvement of organs other than parotid glands, such as the testis, breast, or pancreas. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metastatic ophthalmia
Choroiditis in septicaemia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metastatic pneumonia
A purulent inflammation in the lungs due to infected emboli. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metastatic retinitis
Purulent or septic retinitis resulting from the arrest of septic emboli in the retinal vessels. ... Synonym: purulent retinitis, septic retinitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metastatic spread
<oncology> Process of development of secondary tumours. Involves local invasion (in most cases), passive transport, lodgement and proliferation at a remote site. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

metastrongyle
Common name for members of the genus Metastrongylus or of the family Metastrongylidae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metastrongyloidea
A superfamily of nematodes of the order strongylida. Characteristics include a fluid-filled outer layer of cuticle and a reduced mouth and bursa. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Metastrongylus
A genus of nematode lungworms (family Metastrongylidae), the only genus in its subfamily (Metastrongylinae). The four known species are found only in pigs; transmission is by earthworm intermediate hosts. ... Origin: meta-+ G. Strongylos, round ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Metastrongylus apri
A common lungworm species that occurs in larger bronchi of wild and domestic pigs, where it is highly pathogenic, causing verminous pneumonia, consolidation of lungs, emphysema, loss of condition, and reduced growth. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Metastrongylus elongatus
Synonym for Metastrongylus salmi ... A lungworm species that occurs in the trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles of domestic and wild pigs. ... Synonym: Metastrongylus elongatus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Metastrongylus pudendotectus
A lungworm species, considerably smaller than Metastrongylus apri, found in domestic and wild pigs. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Metastrongylus salmi
A lungworm species that occurs in the trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles of domestic and wild pigs. ... Synonym: Metastrongylus elongatus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metasyphilis
1. The constitutional state due to congenital syphilis without local lesions. ... Synonym: parasyphilis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metasyphilitic
1. Relating to metasyphilis. ... Synonym: metaluetic. ... 2. Following or occurring as a sequel of syphilis. ... Synonym: metaluetic. ... Synonym: parasyphilitic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metatarsal
One of five bones that travel out to each toe in the foot. The metatarsals articulate with the tarsal bones in the hindfoot and the phalanges (toes) in the forefoot. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

metatarsal artery
<anatomy, artery> One of four dorsal or four plantar arteries coursing in relation to the metatarsal bones, each dividing distally into a medial and a lateral digital artery, serving the dorsal or plantar aspects of adjacent sides of two toes. ... See: dorsal metatarsal artery, plantar metatarsal artery. ... Synonym: arteria metatarsae. ... (05 …

metatarsal bone
One of the metatarsal bones; the five long bones numbered I to V beginning with the bone on the medial side forming the skeleton of the anterior portion of the foot, articulating posteriorly with the three cuneiform and the cuboid bones, anteriorly with the five proximal phalanges. ... Synonym: os metatarsale. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metatarsal bones
The five long bones of the metatarsus articulating with the tarsal bones proximally and the toes (phalanges) distally. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

metatarsal reflex
Synonym for cuboidodigital reflex ... Flexion of the toes on tapping over the cuboid bone; almost identical with Guillain-Barre reflex, and fundamentally similar to Rossolimo's reflex. ... Synonym: metatarsal reflex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metatarsalgia
Pain in the forefoot in the region of the heads of the metatarsals. ... Origin: meta-+ G. Algos, pain ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metatarsals
Five cylindrical bones extending from the heel to the toes. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

metatarsectomy
<procedure> Excision of the metatarsus. ... Origin: metarsus + G. Ektome, excision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metatarsophalangeal
Relating to the metatarsal bones and the phalanges; denoting the articulations between them. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metatarsophalangeal articulations
Synonym for metatarsophalangeal joints ... The spheroid synovial joints between the heads of the metatarsals and the bases of the proximal phalanges of the toes. ... Synonym: articulationes metatarsophalangeae, metatarsophalangeal articulations, MP joints. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metatarsophalangeal joint
The articulation between a metatarsal bone and a phalanx. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

metatarsophalangeal joints
The spheroid synovial joints between the heads of the metatarsals and the bases of the proximal phalanges of the toes. ... Synonym: articulationes metatarsophalangeae, metatarsophalangeal articulations, MP joints. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metatarsus adductovarus
Fixed deformity of the foot in which both adductus and varus vectors contribute to the resultant foot posture. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metatarsus adductus
A fixed deformity of the foot in which the forepart of the foot is angled away from the main longitudinal axis of the foot toward the midline; usually congenital in origin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metatarsus atavicus
Abnormal shortness of the first metatarsal bone as compared with the second. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metatarsus latus
Deformity caused by sinking down of the transverse arch of the foot. ... Synonym: talipes transversoplanus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metatarsus varus
Fixed deformity of the foot in which the forepart of the foot is rotated on the long axis of the foot, so that the plantar surface faces the midline of the body. ... Synonym: intoe. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metathalamus
The most caudal and ventral part of the thalamus, composed of the medial and lateral geniculate bodies. ... Origin: meta-+ G. Thalamos, thalamus ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metathesis
Origin: L, fr. Gr. Metathesis, fr. Metatithenai to place differently, to transpose; meta beyond, over + tithenai to place, set. See Thesis. ... 1. Transposition, as of the letters or syllables of a word; as, pistris for pristis; meagre for meager. ... 2. <medicine> A mere change in place of a morbid substance, without removal from the body. ... …

metatroph
An organism that requires complex organic sources of carbon and nitrogen for growth. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metatrophic
Denoting the ability to undertake anabolism or to obtain nourishment from varied sources, i.e., both nitrogenous and carbonaceous organic matter. ... Origin: meta-+ G. Trophe, nourishment ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metatropic
Denoting a reversion to a previous state. ... Origin: meta-+ G. Trope, a turning ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metatropic dwarfism
Congenital disproportionate dwarfism in which the trunk is long relative to the limbs at birth but undergoes reversal of this proportion with subsequent development. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metatypical
Pertaining to tissue that is formed of elements identical to those occurring in that site under normal conditions, but the various elements are not arranged in the usual normal pattern. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metatypical carcinoma
<tumour> Obsolete term for basosquamous carcinoma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metaxalone
5-[(3,5-Xylyloxy)methyl]-2-oxazolidinone; 5-(3,5-dimethylphenoxymethyl)-2-oxazolidinone;a centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metazoa
<zoology> Those animals in which the protoplasmic mass, constituting the egg, is converted into a multitude of cells, which are metamorphosed into the tissues of the body. A central cavity is commonly developed, and the cells around it are at first arranged in two layers, the ectoderm and endoderm. The group comprises nearly all animals excep …

metazoans
<epidemiology> Multicellular animals. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

metazoonosis
A zoonosis that requires both a vertebrate and an invertebrate host for completion of its life cycle; e.g., the arbovirus, infections of humans and other vertebrates. ... Origin: meta-+ G. Zoon, animal, + nosos, disease ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Metchnikoff
Elie, Russian biologist in Paris and Nobel laureate, 1845-1916. ... See: Metchnikoff's theory. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Metchnikoff's theory
The phagocytic theory, that the body is protected against infection by the leukocytes and other cells that engulf and destroy the invading microorganisms. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

metencephalic
Relating to the metencephalon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Metenier's sign
<clinical sign> Easy eversion of the upper eyelid in Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

meteor
1. Any phenomenon or appearance in the atmosphere, as clouds, rain, hail, snow, etc. 'Hail, an ordinary meteor.' (Bp. Hall) ... 2. Specif., A transient luminous body or appearance seen in the atmosphere, or in a more elevated region. 'The vaulty top of heaven Figured quite o'er with burning meteors.' (Shak) ... The term is especially applied to fireb …

meteoric
1. Of or pertaining to a meteor, or to meteors; atmospheric, as, meteoric phenomena; meteoric stones. ... 2. Influenced by the weather; as, meteoric conditions. ... 3. Flashing; brilliant; transient; like a meteor; as, meteoric fame. 'Meteoric politician.' Meteoric iron, Meteoric stone. ... <chemical> See Meteorite. Meteoric paper, a substance o …

meteorism
Tympanites, the presence of gas in the abdomen or intestine. ... Origin: Gr. Meteorizein = to raise up ... (18 Nov 1997) ...