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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

modality
A method of treatment. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

mode
1. Manner of doing or being; method; form; fashion; custom; way; style; as, the mode of speaking; the mode of dressing. 'The duty of itself being resolved on, the mode of doing it may easily be found.' (Jer. Taylor) 'A table richly spread in regal mode.' (Milton) ... 2. Prevailing popular custom; fashion, especially in the phrase the mode. 'The easy …

model
1. A representation of something, often idealised or modified to make it conceptually easier to understand. ... 2. Something to be imitated. ... 3. In dentistry, a cast. ... Origin: It. Midello, fr. L. Modus, measure, standard ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

modeling
1. In learning theory, the acquiring and learning of a new skill by observing and imitating that behaviour being performed by another individual. ... 2. In behaviour modification, a treatment procedure whereby the therapist or another significant person presents (models) the target behaviour which the learner is to imitate and make part of his reper …

modeling composition
Synonym for modeling plastic ... A thermoplastic material usually composed of gum damar and prepared chalk, used especially for making dental impressions. ... Synonym: impression compound, modeling composition, modeling compound. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

modeling compound
Synonym for modeling plastic ... A thermoplastic material usually composed of gum damar and prepared chalk, used especially for making dental impressions. ... Synonym: impression compound, modeling composition, modeling compound. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

modeling plastic
A thermoplastic material usually composed of gum damar and prepared chalk, used especially for making dental impressions. ... Synonym: impression compound, modeling composition, modeling compound. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

models, anatomic
Three-dimensional representation to show anatomic structures. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

models, biological
Theoretical representations that simulate the behaviour or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, disease models, animal is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

models, cardiovascular
Theoretical representations that simulate the behaviour or activity of the cardiovascular system, processes, or phenomena; includes the use of mathematical equations, computers and other electronic equipment. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

models, chemical
Theoretical representations that simulate the behaviour or activity of chemical processes or phenomena; includes the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

models, econometric
The application of mathematical formulas and statistical techniques to the testing and quantifying of economic theories and the solution of economic problems. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

models, economic
Statistical models of the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services, as well as of financial considerations. For the application of statistics to the testing and quantifying of economic theories models, econometric is available. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

models, educational
Theoretical models which propose methods of learning or teaching as a basis or adjunct to changes in attitude or behaviour. These educational interventions are usually applied in the fields of health and patient education but are not restricted to patient care. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

models, genetic
Theoretical representations that simulate the behaviour or activity of genetic processes or phenomena. They include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

models, immunological
Theoretical representations that simulate the behaviour or activity of immune system, processes, or phenomena. They include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electrical equipment. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

models, molecular
Models used experimentally or theoretically to study molecular shape, electronic properties, or interactions; includes analogous molecules, computer-generated graphics, and mechanical structures. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

models, neurological
Theoretical representations that simulate the behaviour or activity of the neurological system, processes or phenomena; includes the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

models, nursing
Theoretical models simulating behaviour or activities in nursing, including nursing care, management and economics, theory, assessment, research, and education. Some examples of these models include orem self-care model, roy adaptation model, and rogers life process model. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

models, organizational
Theoretical representations and constructs that describe or explain the structure and hierarchy of relationships and interactions within or between formal organizational entities or informal social groups. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

models, psychological
Theoretical representations that simulate psychological processes and/or social processes. These include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

models, statistical
Statistical formulations or analyses which, when applied to data and found to fit the data, are then used to verify the assumptions and parameters used in the analysis. Examples of statistical models are the linear model, binomial model, polynomial model, two-parameter model, etc. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

models, structural
A representation, generally smale in scale, to show the structure, construction, or appearance of something. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

models, theoretical
Theoretical representations that simulate the behaviour or activity of systems, processes, or phenomena. They include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

moderate hypothermia
A body temperature of 23-32°C. Induced by surface cooling. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

moderator band
Synonym for septomarginal trabecula ... One of the trabeculae carneae in the right ventricle of the heart; it carries part of the right branch of the A-V bundle from the septum to the anterior papillary muscle on the opposite wall of the ventricle. ... Synonym: trabecula septomarginalis, moderator band, Reil's band. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

moderator variable
A variable that interacts by virtue of being antecedent or intermediate in the causal pathway. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

modern genetics
That body of method and analysis that perceives genetics as the study of the economy of nucleic acids and associated compounds. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

modest
1. Restraining within due limits of propriety; not forward, bold, boastful, or presumptious; rather retiring than pushing one's self forward; not obstructive; as, a modest youth; a modest man. ... 2. Observing the proprieties of the sex; not unwomanly in act or bearing; free from undue familiarity, indecency, or lewdness; decent in speech and demean …

modification
1. A nonhereditary change in an organism; e.g., one that is acquired from its own activity or environment. ... 2. A chemical or structural alteration in a molecule. ... Behaviour modification, the systematic use of principles of conditioning and learning, especially operant or instrumental conditioning, to teach certain skills or to extinguish undesi …

modification enzyme
<enzyme, molecular biology> An enzyme that introduces minor bases into DNA or RNA or that alters bases already incorporated. Serves to alter the sequence so that restriction enzymes will not damage the strand. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

modified milk
Cow's milk altered, by increasing the fat and reducing the amount of protein, to resemble human milk in composition. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

modified radical hysterectomy
<procedure> An extended hysterectomy in which a portion of the upper vagina is removed; the ureters are exposed and pulled back laterally without dissection from the ureteral bed. ... Synonym: TeLinde operation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

modified radical mastectomy
<procedure, surgery> The most common type of mastectomy. Breast skin, nipple, areola and underarm lymph nodes are removed. The chest muscles are saved. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

modified sit-ups
There are several classic examples that will not put strain on your lower back: 1) lay on your back with your knees flexed and feet flat on the floor. 2) Raise your head and torso slightly off the floor with your fingers laced behind your head (abdominal crunch). ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

modified zinc oxide-eugenol cement
Dental cement obtained by mixing zinc oxide and eugenol with one or more additives. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

modifier gene
A nonallelic gene that controls or changes the manifestation of a gene by interfering with its transcription. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

modify
To change somewhat the form or qualities of, alter partially. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

modulate
1. To form, as sound, to a certain key, or to a certain portion. ... 2. To vary or inflect in a natural, customary, or musical manner; as, the organs of speech modulate the voice in reading or speaking. 'Could any person so modulate her voice as to deceive so many?' (Broome) ... Origin: L. Modulatus, p.p. Of modulari to measure, to modulate, fr. Modu …

modulation
Synonym for neuromodulation ... Alteration in the effectiveness of voltage gated or ligand gated ion channels by changing the characteristics of current flow through the channels. The mechanism is thought to involve second messenger systems. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

modulation transfer function
<microscopy> A mathematical function that expresses the ability of an optical or electronic device to transfer signals faithfully as a function of the spatial or temporal frequency of the signal. ... The modulation transfer function is the ratio of percentage modulation of a sinusoidal signal leaving to that entering the device over the range …

modulator
A specific inductor that brings out characteristics peculiar to a definite region. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

modulus
Origin: L, a small measure. See Module. ... <mathematics> A quantity or coefficient, or constant, which expresses the measure of some specified force, property, or quality, as of elasticity, strength, efficiency, etc.; a parameter. Modulus of a machine, a formula expressing the work which a given machine can perform under the conditions involv …

modulus of elasticity
A coefficient expressing the ratio between stress per unit area acting to deform a body and the amount of deformation that results from it. ... Modulus of volume elasticity, a coefficient expressing the ratio between pressure acting to change the volume of a substance and the amount of change that results from it. ... Synonym: bulk modulus. ... Young' …

modus
Origin: L. See Mode. ... 1. The arrangement of, or mode of expressing, the terms of a contract or conveyance. ... 2. A qualification involving the idea of variation or departure from some general rule or form, in the way of either restriction or enlargement, according to the circumstances of the case, as in the will of a donor, an agreement between p …

Moeller, Alfred
<person> German bacteriologist, *1868. ... See: Moeller's grass bacillus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Moeller's glossitis
Synonym for atrophic glossitis ... An erythematous, edematous, and painful tongue which appears smooth due to loss of the filiform and sometimes the fungiform papillae secondary to certain nutritional deficiencies, especially B-vitamin deficencies, as seen in pellagra, thiamin deficiency, and disorders such as pernicious anaemia (Hunter's or Moeller …

Moeller's grass bacillus
Synonym for mycobacterium phlei ... A saprophytic bacterium widely distributed in soil and dust and on plants. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

moesin
<protein> Membrane organising extension spike protein. Isolated from placenta, a member of the ezrin, band 4.1, talin family of cytoskeleton membrane link proteins. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

mofebutazone
<drug> An anti-inflammatory agent used for the treatment of arthritis. ... Chemical name: 4-Butyl-1-phenyl-3,5-pyrazolidinedione ... (21 Jun 2000) ...

Mogen clamp
<instrument, surgery> A circumcision instrument. ... Origin: Hebrew star ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mogiarthria
Speech defect due to muscular incoordination. ... Origin: G. Mogis, with difficulty, + arthroo, to articulate ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mogigraphia
Synonym: writer's cramp. ... Origin: G. Mogis, with difficulty, + graphe, writing ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mogilalia
Stuttering, stammering, or any speech defect. ... Synonym: molilalia. ... Origin: G. Mogis, with difficulty, + lalia, speech ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mogiphonia
Laryngeal spasm occurring in public speakers as a result of overuse of the voice. ... Origin: G. Mogis, with difficulty, + phone, voice ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Mohr pipette
Synonym for graduated pipette ... A pipette with a plain, narrow tube drawn out to a tip and graduated uniformly along its length. Calibration marks may be confined to the stem (Mohr pipette) or extend to the tip (serologic pipette). ... Synonym: Mohr pipette, serologic pipette. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Mohr's syndrome
<syndrome> Autosomal recessive, OFD, oral-facial-digital syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Mohrenheim
Joseph J. Freiherr von, Austrian-Russian surgeon, 1755-1799. ... See: Mohrenheim's fossa, Mohrenheim's space. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Mohrenheim's fossa
Synonym for infraclavicular fossa ... A triangular depression bounded by the clavicle and the adjacent borders of the deltoid and pectoralis major muscles. ... Synonym: fossa infraclavicularis, deltoideopectoral triangle, deltoideopectoral trigone, infraclavicular triangle, Mohrenheim's fossa, Mohrenheim's space, regio infraclavicularis, trigonum del …

Mohrenheim's space
Synonym for infraclavicular fossa ... A triangular depression bounded by the clavicle and the adjacent borders of the deltoid and pectoralis major muscles. ... Synonym: fossa infraclavicularis, deltoideopectoral triangle, deltoideopectoral trigone, infraclavicular triangle, Mohrenheim's fossa, Mohrenheim's space, regio infraclavicularis, trigonum del …

Mohs scale
Synonym for hardness scale ... A qualitative scale in which minerals are classified in order of their increasing hardness, based on the fact that the harder of two materials will scratch the softer and will not be scratched by it. The scale lists 15 substances: 1, talc; 2, gypsum; 3, calcite; 4, fluorite; 5, apatite; 6, orthoclase, periclase; 7, vit …

mohs surgery
A surgical technique used primarily in the treatment of skin neoplasms, especially basal cell or squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. This procedure is a microscopically controlled excision of cutaneous tumours either after fixation in vivo or after freezing the tissue. Serial examinations of fresh tissue specimens are most frequently done. ... (12 …

Mohs, Frederic
<person> U.S. Surgeon, *1910, who as a medical student devised a system of microscopicaly controlled removal of skin tumours. ... See: Mohs' fresh tissue chemosurgery technique, Mohs' chemosurgery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Mohs, Friedrich
<person> German mineralogist, 1773-1839. ... See: Mohs scale. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Mohs' chemosurgery
A technique for removal of skin tumours with a minimum of normal tissue, by prior necrosis with zinc chloride paste, mapping of the tumour site, and excision and microscopic examination of frozen section of thin horizontal layers of tissue, until all of the tumour is removed. More recently, the preliminary step of chemical necrosis has been omitted …

Mohs' micrographic surgery
Synonym for Mohs' chemosurgery ... A technique for removal of skin tumours with a minimum of normal tissue, by prior necrosis with zinc chloride paste, mapping of the tumour site, and excision and microscopic examination of frozen section of thin horizontal layers of tissue, until all of the tumour is removed. More recently, the preliminary step of …

Mohs' surgery
Synonym for Mohs' chemosurgery ... A technique for removal of skin tumours with a minimum of normal tissue, by prior necrosis with zinc chloride paste, mapping of the tumour site, and excision and microscopic examination of frozen section of thin horizontal layers of tissue, until all of the tumour is removed. More recently, the preliminary step of …

moiety
1. Originally, a half; now, loosely, a portion of something. ... 2. Functional group. ... Origin: M.E. Moite, a half ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

moire
1. Originally, a fine textile fabric made of the hair of an Asiatic goat; afterwards, any textile fabric to which a watered appearance is given in the process of calendering. ... 2. A watered, clouded, or frosted appearance produced upon either textile fabrics or metallic surfaces. Moire antique, a superior kind of thick moire. ... Origin: F. Cf. Moh …

moire pattern
<microscopy> A pattern developed from interference or light blocking, when gratings, screens, or regularly spaced patterns are superimposed on one another. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

moire topography
A method of three-dimensional morphometry in which contour maps are produced from the overlapping interference fringes created when an object is illuminated by beams of coherent light issuing from two different point sources. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

moist gangrene
Synonym for wet gangrene ... Ischemic necrosis of an extremity with bacterial infection, producing cellulitis adjacent to the necrotic areas. ... Synonym: moist gangrene. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

moist rale
A bubbling rale caused by air mixing with a fluid exudate in the bronchial tubes or a cavity. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

moist tetter
wet tetter ...

moist wart
An obsolete term for condyloma acuminatum. ... Mosaic wart, plantar growth of numerous closely aggregated wart's forming a mosaic appearance, frequently caused by human papilloma virus type 2. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

moisture content
(MC) The weight of the water contained in wood, usually expressed as a percentage of weight, either oven-dry or as received. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

Mokola virus
A rabies related virus of the genus Lyssavirus, family Rhabdoviridae, first isolated from shrews (Crocidura spp.) in Nigeria, which has caused fatal neurological disease in man and cats in Africa. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mol
<abbreviation> Mole. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mol wt
<abbreviation> Molecular weight. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

molal
Denoting 1 mol of solute dissolved in 1000 g of solvent; such solutions provide a definite ratio of solute to solvent molecules. ... Compare: molar. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

molality
Moles of solute per kilogram of solvent; the molarity is equal to m&rho;/(1 + mM), where m is the molality, &rho; is the density of the solution, and M is the molar mass of the solute. ... Compare: molarity. ... Abbreviation: m ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

molar
<mechanics> Of or pertaining to a mass of matter; said of the properties or motions of masses, as distinguished from those of molecules or atoms. ... Origin: L. Moles mass. ... <anatomy> Any one of the teeth back of the incisors and canines. The molar which replace the deciduous or milk teeth are designated as premolars, and those which a …

molar absorbancy index
Synonym for molar absorption coefficient ... Absorbance (of light) per unit path length (usually the centimeter) and per unit of concentration (moles per liter); a fundamental unit in spectrophotometry. ... Synonym: absorbancy index, absorptivity, molar absorbancy index, molar absorptivity, molar extinction coefficient. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

molar absorption coefficient
Absorbance (of light) per unit path length (usually the centimeter) and per unit of concentration (moles per liter); a fundamental unit in spectrophotometry. ... Synonym: absorbancy index, absorptivity, molar absorbancy index, molar absorptivity, molar extinction coefficient. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

molar absorptivity
Synonym for molar absorption coefficient ... Absorbance (of light) per unit path length (usually the centimeter) and per unit of concentration (moles per liter); a fundamental unit in spectrophotometry. ... Synonym: absorbancy index, absorptivity, molar absorbancy index, molar absorptivity, molar extinction coefficient. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

molar behaviour
<psychology> Behaviour described in large response units rather than smaller ones. ... Compare: molecular behaviour. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

molar extinction coefficient
Synonym for molar absorption coefficient ... Absorbance (of light) per unit path length (usually the centimeter) and per unit of concentration (moles per liter); a fundamental unit in spectrophotometry. ... Synonym: absorbancy index, absorptivity, molar absorbancy index, molar absorptivity, molar extinction coefficient. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

molar glands
Four or five large buccal glands in the neighborhood of the last molar tooth. ... Synonym: glandulae molares. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

molar heat capacity
<chemistry> The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one mole of a substance by one degree Celsius (or Kelvin). ... (09 Jan 1998) ...

molar mass
See: molecular weight. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

molar pregnancy
Pregnancy marked by a neoplasm within the uterus, whereby part or all of the chorionic villi are converted into a mass of clear vesicles. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

molar solution
<chemistry> A solution made up of one mole of a compound in enough water to make a thousand millilitres of thesolution. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

molar tooth
A tooth having a somewhat quadrangular crown with four or five cusps on the grinding surface; the root is bifid in the lower jaw, but there are three conical roots in the upper jaw; there are six molars in each jaw, three on either side behind the premolars in the permanent dentition; in the deciduous dentition there are but four molars in each jaw …

molar, third
The aftermost permanent tooth on each side in the maxilla and mandible. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

molariform
Having the form of a molar tooth. ... Origin: molar (tooth) + L. Forma, form ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

molaris tertius
Official alternate term for third molar. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

molarity
Moles per liter of solution (mol/L). ... Compare: molality. ... Abbreviation: M ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

molasses
<chemistry> A brownish, syrupy by-product which is produced during the sugar refining procedure, i.e., crystallization of sucrose from sugar-cane or sugar beet. ... Molasses is primarily consist of sucrose, water and inorganic components. Because of its cheap price, it is commercial used as substrate for producing other microbial products. ... …

mold
A large group of fungi (like Penicillium) that cause mold (as on bread or cheese). A common trigger for allergies. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mold guide
A guide used to specify the shape of artificial teeth, or of an artificial tooth. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...