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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

molding
Shaping by means of a mold. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mole
<dermatology> A benign pigmented skin lesion or nevus. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

mole fraction
The ratio of the moles of one component of a system to the total moles of all the components present. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mole rats
Any of several burrowing rodents of the families muridae and bathyergidae, found in eastern europe, africa, and asia. They have short limbs, small eyes with permanently closed lids, and no tail. Three genera spalax (muridae), heterocephalus (bathyergidae) and cryptomys (bathyergidae) are used frequently as experimental animals in biomedical researc …

molecular
<chemistry> Of, pertaining to or composed of molecules: a very small mass of matter. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

molecular behaviour
<psychology> Behaviour described in small response units rather than larger ones; a specific response. ... Compare: molar behaviour. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

molecular biology
<study> The study of the biochemistry of cells, it is closely linked to cell biology, in particular the biochemistry of DNA and cogeners. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

molecular biophysics
Biophysics concerned with membrane processes, conformational and configurational properties of macromolecules, bioelectrical phenomena, etc. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

molecular chaperones
A family of cellular proteins that mediate the correct assembly or disassembly of other polypeptides, and in some cases their assembly into oligomeric structures, but which are not components of those final structures. It is believed that chaperone proteins assist polypeptides to self-assemble by inhibiting alternative assembly pathways that produc …

molecular clock
This term has two separate uses. ... 1. <molecular biology> The rate of fixation of mutations in DNA and thus times the rate of genetic diversification. ... 2. <cell biology> A biological system capable of maintaining up a timing rhythm or pulse. All such clocks are thought to be entrained by a natural oscillator such as the diurnal rhyth …

molecular cloning
<molecular biology> The biological amplification of a specific DNA sequence through mitotic division of a host cell into which it has been transformed or transfected. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

molecular conformation
The characteristic three-dimensional shape of a molecule. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

molecular disease
A disease in which the manifestations are due to alterations in molecular structure and function. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

molecular dispersed solution
Synonym for dispersoid ... A colloidal solution in which the dispersed phase can be concentrated by centrifugation. ... Synonym: dispersion colloid, molecular dispersed solution. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

molecular dispersion
Dispersion in which the dispersed phase consists of individual molecules; if the molecules are of less than colloidal size, the result is a true solution. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

molecular dissociation theory
A theory, pertaining to colour vision, that gray is the earliest of colour sensations, from which are derived, by molecular change, two paired substances that, respectively, detect yellow and blue, and that the yellow gives rise to paired substances for detection of red and green. ... Synonym: Ladd-Franklin theory. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

molecular distillation
Distillation in high vacuum, intended to make possible use of low temperatures to minimise damage to thermally labile molecules that would be decomposed by boiling at higher temperatures. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

molecular formula
Synonym for empirical formula ... In chemistry, a formula indicating the kind and number of atoms in the molecules of a substance, or its composition, but not the relation of the atoms to each other or the intimate structure of the molecule. ... Synonym: molecular formula. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

molecular genetics
<study> The study of the flow and regulation of genetic information between DNA, RNA, and protein molecules. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

molecular heat
The product of the specific heat of a body multiplied by its molecular weight. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

molecular layer of cerebellum
The outer lamina of the cortex, containing the cell bodies and dendrites of Purkinje cells, the axons of the granule cells, and the cell bodies, dendrites, and axons of basket cells. ... Synonym: stratum moleculare cerebelli, molecular layer of cerebellar cortex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

molecular layer of cerebral cortex
Layer 1 of the cortex cerebri. ... Synonym: plexiform layer of cerebral cortex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

molecular layer of retina
Name applied to each of the plexiform layers of the retina. ... Synonym: stratum moleculare retinae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

molecular layers of olfactory bulb
The layer's, composed mainly of nerve fibres, on the outer and inner sides of the layer of mitral cells of the bulb. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

molecular mass
Synonym for molecular weight ... The sum of the atomic weight's of all the atoms constituting a molecule; the mass of a molecule relative to the mass of a standard atom, now 12C (taken as 12.000). Relative molecular mass (Mr) is the mass relative to the dalton and has no units. ... See: atomic weight. ... Synonym: molecular mass, molecular weight rati …

molecular mimicry
The process in which structural properties of an introduced molecule imitate or simulate molecules of the host. Direct mimicry of a molecule enables a viral protein to bind directly to a normal substrate as a substitute for the homologous normal ligand. Immunologic molecular mimicry generally refers to what can be described as antigenic mimicry and …

molecular modeling
<chemistry> The use of computers to create models of molecules. ... (14 Nov 1997) ...

molecular movement
Synonym for brownian movement ... Erratic, nondirectional, zigzag movement observed by ultramicroscope in certain colloidal solutions and by microscope in suspensions of light particulate matter that results from the jostling or bumping of the larger particles by the molecules in the suspending medium which are regarded as being in continuous motion …

molecular pathology
The study of biochemical and biophysical cellular mechanisms as the basic factors in disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

molecular probe techniques
The use of devices which use detector molecules to detect, investigate, or analyze other molecules, macromolecules, molecular aggregates, or organisms. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

molecular probes
A group of atoms or molecules attached to other molecules or cellular structures and used in studying the properties of these molecules and structures. Radioactive DNA or RNA sequences are used in molecular genetics to detect the presence of a complementary sequence by molecular hybridization. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

molecular sequence data
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as genbank, european molecular biology laboratory (embl), national biomedical research foundation (nbrf), or other sequence repositories. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

molecular sieve
A gel-like material with pore sizes of such ranges as to exclude molecules above certain sizes; used in fractionating or purifying macromolecules. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

molecular structure
The location of the atoms, groups or ions relative to one another in a molecule, as well as the number and location of chemical bonds. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

molecular weight
The sum of the atomic weight's of all the atoms constituting a molecule; the mass of a molecule relative to the mass of a standard atom, now 12C (taken as 12.000). Relative molecular mass (Mr) is the mass relative to the dalton and has no units. ... See: atomic weight. ... Synonym: molecular mass, molecular weight ratio, relative molecular mass. ... ( …

molecular weight ratio
Synonym for molecular weight ... The sum of the atomic weight's of all the atoms constituting a molecule; the mass of a molecule relative to the mass of a standard atom, now 12C (taken as 12.000). Relative molecular mass (Mr) is the mass relative to the dalton and has no units. ... See: atomic weight. ... Synonym: molecular mass, molecular weight rati …

molecularity of a rection
<chemistry> The number of species forming the transition state ... (09 Jan 1998) ...

molecule
<chemistry> The result of two or more atoms combining by chemical bonding. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

molecules, recombinant DNA
A combination of DNA molecules of different origin that are joined using recombinant DNA technology. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

moles
Any of numerous burrowing mammals found in temperate regions and having minute eyes often covered with skin. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

molilalia
Synonym: mogilalia. ... Origin: G. Molis, with difficulty (a later form of mogis), + lalia, talking ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

molimen
An effort; laborious performance of a normal function. ... Origin: L. An endeavor ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

molimen climactericum virile
A condition resembling neurasthenia, occurring in men of 45 to 55 years of age; may be psychosomatic or due to alteration in testicular androgen secretion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

molindone
<chemical> An indole derivative effective in schizophrenia and other psychoses and possibly useful in the treatment of the aggressive type of undersocialised conduct disorder. Molindone has much lower affinity for d2 receptors than most antipsychotic agents and has a relatively low affinity for d1 receptors. It has only low to moderate affini …

molindone hydrochloride
3-Ethyl-6,7-dihydro-2-methyl-5-(morpholinomethyl)indol-4(5H)-one monohydrochloride;an antipsychotic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Molisch, Hans
<person> Austrian chemist, 1856-1937. ... See: Molisch's test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Molisch's test
A colour test for sugar, which condenses with alpha-naphthol or thymol in the presence of strong sulfuric acid, which converts the sugar to furfural derivatives. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Moll, Jacob
<person> Dutch oculist, 1832-1914. ... See: Moll's glands. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Moll's glands
Synonym for ciliary glands ... A number of modified apocrine sudoriferous glands in the eyelids, with ducts that usually open into the follicles of the eyelashes. ... Synonym: glandulae ciliares, Moll's glands. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Mollaret's meningitis
A recurrent aseptic meningitis; febrile illness accompanied by headaches, malaise, meningeal signs, and cerebrospinal fluid monocytes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mollicutes
A class of gram-negative bacteria consisting of cells bounded by a plasma membrane. Its organisms differ from other bacteria in that they are devoid of cell walls. It contains a single order, mycoplasmatales. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mollify
1. To soften; to make tender; to reduce the hardness, harshness, or asperity of; to qualify; as, to mollify the ground. 'With sweet science mollified their stubborn hearts.' (Spenser) ... 2. To assuage, as pain or irritation, to appease, as excited feeling or passion; to pacify; to calm. ... Origin: F. Mollifier, L. Mollificare; mollis soft + -ficare …

mollisols
<ecology> Grassland soils of steppes and prairies characterised by deep topsoil (mollic epipedon, common in the Great Plains of the West. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

mollusc
<marine biology> Same as Mollusk. ... (19 Mar 1998) ...

mollusca
<zoology> One of the grand divisions of the animal kingdom, including the classes Cephalopoda, Gastropoda, PteropodaScaphopoda, and Lamellibranchiata, or Conchifera. These animals have an unsegmented bilateral body, with most of the organs and parts paired, but not repeated longitudinally. Most of them develop a mantle, which incloses either …

molluscacides
Agents destructive to snails and other mollusks. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

molluscan catch muscle
<biology> Muscle responsible for holding closed the two halves of the shell of bivalves. Specialise d to maintain tension with low expenditure of ATP. Rich in paramyosin. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

molluscicide
<pharmacology> A chemical (pesticide) used to kill molluscs or mussels. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

molluscicides
<epidemiology> Chemical substances which kill snails or other molluscs. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

molluscipoxvirus
A genus of poxviridae, subfamily chordopoxviridae, infecting humans. Transmission is by direct contact among children, by sexual contact among young adults, or by fomites. Molluscum contagiosum virus is the type species. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

molluscoid
<marine biology, zoology> Resembling the true mollusks; belonging to the Molluscoidea. ... One of the Molluscoidea. ... (19 Mar 1998) ...

molluscoidea
<marine biology, zoology> A division of Invertebrata which includes the classes Brachiopoda and Bryozoa. ... Originally the Tunicata were included under Molluscoidea, from which they are known to differ widely in structure and embryology. Molluscoidea were formerly considered a subdivision of Mollusca, but they are now known to have more relat …

molluscum bodies
<virology> Intracellular inclusions of poxviruses found in cells of human epidermis, harmless, but contagious, skin lesions molluscum contagiosum). ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

molluscum body
A disticntive intracellular spherical body in the lesions of molluscum contagiosum caused by a member of the family Poxviridae; it consists of degenerated cytoplasm and the virus. ... Synonym: molluscum corpuscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

molluscum conjunctivitis
Conjunctivitis associated with lesions of molluscum contagiosum of the eyelid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

molluscum contagiosum
<dermatology> A skin condition caused by a pox virus infection, distinguished by small dome-shaped papules (bumps) on the face, upper trunk or extremities. ... Current treatment is mainly cosmetic. It often involves application of liquid nitrogen to the papules as a means of excising them. ... (10 Jan 1998) ...

molluscum contagiosum virus
A species of molluscipoxvirus causing skin lesions in humans. It is transmitted by direct contact or from non-living reservoirs (fomites), such as books or clothing. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

molluscum corpuscle
Synonym for molluscum body ... A disticntive intracellular spherical body in the lesions of molluscum contagiosum caused by a member of the family Poxviridae; it consists of degenerated cytoplasm and the virus. ... Synonym: molluscum corpuscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

molluscum verrucosum
Synonym for molluscum contagiosum ... <dermatology> A skin condition caused by a pox virus infection, distinguished by small dome-shaped papules (bumps) on the face, upper trunk or extremities. ... Current treatment is mainly cosmetic. It often involves application of liquid nitrogen to the papules as a means of excising them. ... (10 Jan 1998)< …

mollusk
<marine biology, zoology> One of the Mollusca. ... Alternative forms: mollusc. ... Origin: F. Mollusque, L. Mollusca a kind of soft nut with a thin shell, fr. Molluscus soft, mollis soft. See Mollify. ... (19 Mar 1998) ...

mollusk venoms
Venoms from mollusks, including the conus and octopus species. The venoms contain proteins, enzymes, choline derivatives, slow-reacting substances, and several characterised polypeptide toxins that affect the nervous system. Mollusk venoms include cephalotoxin, venerupin, maculotoxin, surugatoxin, conotoxins, and murexine. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

molly
<zoology> Same as Mollemoke. ... A pet or colloquial name for Mary. Molly cottontail. ... <zoology> See Cottontail. Molly Maguire; pl. Molly Maguires . A member of a secret association formed among the tenantry in Ireland about 1843, principally for the purpose of intimidating law officers and preventing the service of legal writs. Its me …

moloney leukaemia virus
A murine virus arising during the propagation of s37 mouse sarcoma, and causing lymphoid leukaemia in mice. It also infects rats and newborn hamsters and is apparently transmitted vertically to embryos in utero and through mother's milk. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Moloney murine leukaemia virus
<molecular biology, virology> Replication competent retrovirus (Oncovirinae) that causes leukaemia in mice, isolated by Moloney from cell free extracts made from a transplantable mouse sarcoma. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

Moloney murine sarcoma virus
<molecular biology, virology> Replication defective retrovirus, source of the oncogene v mos, responsible for inducing fibrosarcomas in vivo and transforming cells in culture. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

moloney sarcoma virus
A replication-defective murine sarcoma virus (sarcoma viruses, murine) isolated from a rhabdomyosarcoma by moloney in 1966. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Moloney test
<investigation> Skin test for immunity to diphtheria in which active toxin is injected into one site and toxoid into another. This is to control for pseudopositive reactions to the toxin. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

Moloney, John
<person> 20th century U.S. Oncologist. ... See: Moloney's virus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Moloney, Paul
<person> Canadian physician, 1870-1939. ... See: Moloney test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Moloney's virus
A lymphoid leukaemia retrovirus of mice, in the subfamily Oncovirinae, isolated originally during propagation of S 37 mouse sarcoma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Moloy, Howard
<person> U.S. Obstetrician, 1903-1953. ... See: Caldwell-Moloy classification. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

molsidomine
<chemical> 3-ethyl-1,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2-methyl-5-(morpholinylmethyl)- 4h-indol-4-one. A vasodilator that has been used in angina pectoris. Concerns regarding the carcinogenicity or molsidomine have been raised and marketing has been suspended on two occasions. ... Pharmacological action: vasodilator agents. ... Chemical name: Sydnone imine, N-( …

molt
To cast off feathers, hair, or cuticle; to undergo ecdysis. ... See: desquamate. ... Synonym: moult. ... Origin: L. Muto, to change ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

molteno implants
Devices implanted to control intraocular pressure by allowing aqueous fluid to drain from the anterior chamber. The implant was named for dr. Anthony molteno, a south african ophthalmologist, now of new zealand. (hoffman, pocket glossary of ophthalmologic terminology, 1989; telephone conversation with dr. Donald abrams, krieger eye institute, balti …

molting
Casting off feathers, hair, or cuticle. Molting is a process of sloughing or desquamation, especially the shedding of an outer covering and the development of a new one. This phenomenon permits growth in arthropods, skin renewal in amphibians and reptiles, and the shedding of winter coats in birds and mammals. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

molybdenic
Molybdenous ... Relating to molybdenum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

molybdenum breakthrough
<radiology> 0.15 uCi Mo-99 / mCi Tc-99m, must check EVERY elution of generator, use dose calibrator and lead shield, Mo-99 emits beta particles, has 67-hr half-life, it's taken up by liver ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

molybdenum cofactor
A complex of molybdenum and molybdopterin required for a number of enzymes. A deficiency of this cofactor will result in lower activities of sulfite oxidase, xanthine dehydrogenase, and aldehyde oxidase causing elevated levels of sulfite, thiosulfite, xanthine, etc. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

molybdenum target tube
An X-ray tube with an anode surface made of molybdenum instead of tungsten, used in mammography. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

molybdenum-99
A reactor-produced radioisotope of molybdenum with a half-life of 2.7476 days, used in radionuclide generators for the production of technetium-99m. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

molybdic acid
MoO3-H2O;a yellowish crystalline acid, forming molybdates; used in the determination of phosphorus or phosphate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

molybdoenzymes
Enzymes that require a molybdenum ion as a component (e.g., xanthine oxidase). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

molybdoferredoxin
A non-haem iron-sulfur protein isolated from clostridium pasteurianum and other bacteria. It is a component of nitrogenase, which is active in nitrogen fixation, and consists of two subunits with molecular weights of 59.5 kD and 50.7 kD, respectively. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

molybdoflavoproteins
Proteins that require a molybdenum ion and a flavin nucleotide as a part of its naturally occurring structure (e.g., aldehyde dehydrogenase). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

molybdopterin
A pterin derivative that complexes with molybdenum to form the molybdenum cofactor required by several enzymes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

molybdous
Denoting molybdenum in the 4+ state, as in MoO2. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

molysmophobia
<psychology> Morbid fear of infection. ... Origin: G. Molysma, filth, infection, + phobos, fear ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

moment
1. A minute portion of time; a point of time; an instant; as, at thet very moment. 'In a moment, in the twinkling of an eye.' (1 Cor. Xv. 52) ... 2. Impulsive power; force; momentum. 'The moments or quantities of motion in bodies.' (Berkley) 'Touch, with lightest moment of impulse, His free will.' (Milton) ... 3. Importance, as in influence or effect …

momism
Rarely used term relating to excessive or overbearing mothering, especially as attributed to American cultural stereotypes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mon-
<chemistry, prefix> A prefix signifying one, single, alone; as, monocarp, monopoly; indicating that a compound contains one atom, radical, or group of that to the name of which it is united; as, monoxide, monosulphide, monatomic, etc. ... Origin: Gr. ... (29 Oct 1998) ...