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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

monomeric
1. Consisting of a single component. ... 2. In genetics, relating to a hereditary disease or characteristic controlled by genes at a single locus. ... 3. Consisting of monomers. ... Origin: mono-+ G. Meros, part ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monometallic
Containing one atom of a metal per molecule. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monomethylethanolamine kinase
<enzyme> Rat liver enzyme different from ethanolamine kinase, dimethylethanolamine kinase and choline kinase ... Registry number: EC 2.7.1.- ... Synonym: mea kinase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

monomethylhydrazine
<chemical> Hydrazine substituted by one methyl group. ... Chemical name: Hydrazine, methyl- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

monomicrobic
Denoting a monoinfection. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monomolecular
Synonym for unimolecular ... Denoting a single molecule. ... Synonym: monomolecular. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monomolecular reaction
A reaction involving a single molecule (e.g., decomposition, intramolecular rearrangement, intramolecular oxidation or reduction), even if a catalytic agent, such as acid or alkali, is present in large excess, on a molecular basis, or is not rate-determining; such reaction's are usually first-order reaction's. ... Compare: molecularity. ... Synonym: …

monomorphic adenoma
<tumour> A benign ductal neoplasm of the salivary glands, with a uniform epithelial pattern and lacking the chondromyxoid stroma of a pleomorphic adenoma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monomphalus
Synonym: omphalopagus. ... Origin: mono-+ G. Omphalos, umbilicus ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monomyoplegia
Paralysis limited to one muscle. ... Origin: mono-+ G. Mys, muscle, + plege, a stroke ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monomyositis
Inflammation of a single muscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mononegavirales
An order comprising three families of eukaryotic viruses possessing linear, non-segmented, negative-strand RNA genomes. The families are filoviridae, paramyxoviridae, and rhabdoviridae. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mononegavirales infections
Infections with viruses of the order mononegavirales. The concept includes filoviridae infections, paramyxoviridae infections, and rhabdoviridae infections. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mononeme
An unpaired helix of nucleic acid, as occurs in a chromatid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mononeural
Mononeuric ... 1. Having only one neuron. ... 2. Supplied by a single nerve. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mononeuralgia
Pain along the course of one nerve. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mononeuritis
Inflammation of a single nerve. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mononeuritis multiplex
<endocrinology, neurology> A condition characterised by inflammation of several nerves in unrelated portions of the body, may be seen in association with long-standing diabetes. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

mononeuropathy
Disorder involving a single nerve. ... Mononeuropathy multiplex, inflammation of several nerves usually in unrelated portions of the body. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mononoea
Fixation of the mind on one subject. ... Origin: mono-+ G. Noesis, idea ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mononuclear
Having only one nucleus; used especially in reference to blood cells. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mononuclear phagocyte
<haematology> Monocytes and their differentiated products, macrophages. Mononuclear cells are leucocytes other than polymorphonuclear cells and include lymphocytes. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

mononuclear phagocyte system
A widely distributed collection of both free and fixed macrophages derived from bone marrow precursor cells by way of monocytes; their substantial phagocytic activity is mediated by immunoglobulin and the serum complement system. In both connective and lymphoid tissue, they may occur as free and fixed macrophages; in the sinusoids of the liver, as …

mononucleosis
<haematology> The presence of an abnormally large number of mononuclear leucocytes (monocytes) in the blood. The term is often used alone to refer to infectious mononucleosis. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

mononucleotide
Synonym for nucleotide ... <biochemistry> Phosphate esters of nucleosides. The metabolic precursors of nucleic acids are monoesters with phosphate on carbon 5 of the pentose (known as 5' to distinguish sugar from base numbering). ... However many other structures, such as adenosine 3'5' cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) and molecules with 2 or 3 phos …

monooctanoin
A semisynthetic esterified glycerol used as a solubilizing agent for radiolucent gallstones retained in the biliary tract following cholecystectomy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monooxygenases
Oxidoreductases that induce the incorporation of one atom of oxygen from O2 into the substance being oxidised. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monoparesis
Paresis affecting a single extremity or part of an extremity. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monoparesthesia
Paresthesia affecting a single region only. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monopathic
Relating to a monopathy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monopathy
1. A single uncomplicated disease. ... 2. A local disease affecting only one organ or part. ... Origin: mono-+ G. Pathos, suffering ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monopenia
Synonym for monocytopenia ... Diminution in the number of monocytes in the circulating blood. ... Synonym: monocytic leukopenia, monopenia. ... Origin: mono-+ G. Kytos, cell, + penia, poverty ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monopetalous
<botany> Having only one petal, or the corolla in one piece, or composed of petals cohering so as to form a tube or bowl; gamopetalous. ... The most recent authors restrict this form to flowers having a solitary petal, as in species of Amorpha, and use gamopetalous for a corolla of several petals combined into one piece. ... Origin: Mono- + pet …

monophagism
Habitual eating of but one kind of food or but one meal a day when the latter is clearly an aberration. ... Origin: mono-+ G. Phago, to eat ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monophasia
Inability to speak other than a single word or sentence. ... Origin: mono-+ G. Phasis, speech ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monophasic
1. Marked by monophasia. ... 2. Occurring in or characterised by only one phase or stage. ... 3. Fluctuating from the baseline in one direction only. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monophasic complex
A complex in the electrocardiogram that is entirely negative or entirely positive. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monophenol monooxygenase
<enzyme> An enzyme of the oxidoreductase class that catalyses the reaction between l-tyrosine, l-dopa, and oxygen to yield l-dopa, dopaquinone, and water. It is a copper protein that acts also on catechols, catalyzing some of the same reactions as catechol oxidase. ... Chemical name: Monophenol,L-dopa:oxygen oxidoreductase ... Registry number: …

monophenol oxidase
Synonym for monophenol monooxygenase ... <enzyme> An enzyme of the oxidoreductase class that catalyses the reaction between l-tyrosine, l-dopa, and oxygen to yield l-dopa, dopaquinone, and water. It is a copper protein that acts also on catechols, catalyzing some of the same reactions as catechol oxidase. ... Chemical name: Monophenol,L-dopa:ox …

monophobia
<psychology> Morbid fear of solitude or of being left alone. ... Origin: mono-+ G. Phobos, fear ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monophthalmos
Failure of outgrowth of a primary optic vesicle with absence of ocular tissues; the remaining eye is often maldeveloped. ... Origin: mono-+ G. Ophthalmos, eye ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monophthalmus
Synonym: cyclops. ... Origin: mono-+ G. Ophthalmos, eye ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monophyletic
Derived from a single ancestral line. ... Compare: polyphyletic. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

monophyletic theory
Synonym for monophyletism ... In haematology, the theory that all the blood cells are derived from one common stem cell or histioblast. ... Synonym: monophyletic theory. ... Origin: mono-+ G. Phyle, tribe ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monophyletism
In haematology, the theory that all the blood cells are derived from one common stem cell or histioblast. ... Synonym: monophyletic theory. ... Origin: mono-+ G. Phyle, tribe ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monoplasmatic
Formed of but one tissue. ... Origin: mono-+ G. Plasma, thing formed ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monoploid
Synonym: haploid. ... Origin: mono-+ G. Ploides, in form ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monopodia
Malformation in which only one foot is externally recognizable. ... Origin: mono-+ G. Pous, foot ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monopodial
<cell biology> Adjective describing an amoeba that has only one pseudopod (as opposed to polypodial forms). ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

monopolar cautery
Electrocautery by high frequency electrical current passed from a single electrode, where the cauterization occurs, the patient's body serving as a ground. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monopotassium phosphate
KH2PO4;a dihydrogen phosphate used as a reagent; commonly used in buffers. ... Monosodium phosphate, NaH2PO4;a dihydrogen phosphate used as a reagent; commonly used in buffers. ... Normal phosphate, a salt of phosphoric acid in which all the hydrogen atoms are displaced; e.g., Na3PO4, Na4P2O7. ... Organic phosphate, an ester of phosphoric acid; e.g., …

monoprotic acid
<chemistry> An acid that gives up only one proton in water. ... Compare: diprotic acid. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

monops
Synonym: cyclops. ... Origin: mono-+ G. Ops, eye ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monoptychial
Arranged in a single but folded layer, as the cells in the epithelium of the gallbladder or certain glands. ... Origin: mono-+ G. Ptyche, fold ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monorchia
Synonym for monorchism ... A condition in which only one testis is apparent, the other being absent or undescended. ... Synonym: monorchia, monorchidism. ... Origin: mono-+ G. Orchis, testis ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monorchidic
Monorchid ... 1. Having only one testis. ... 2. Having apparently only one testis, the other being undescended. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monorchidism
Synonym for monorchism ... A condition in which only one testis is apparent, the other being absent or undescended. ... Synonym: monorchia, monorchidism. ... Origin: mono-+ G. Orchis, testis ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monorchism
A condition in which only one testis is apparent, the other being absent or undescended. ... Synonym: monorchia, monorchidism. ... Origin: mono-+ G. Orchis, testis ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monorecidive
Denoting a late or tertiary manifestation of syphilis which takes the form of an ulcerated papule located at the site of the original chancre. ... Origin: mono-+ L. Recidivus, relapsing ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monorecidive chancre
A chancre that recurs at the site of a previously healed lesion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monorhinic
Single-nosed; used to characterise conjoined twins in which cephalic fusion has left only a single nose cavity evident. ... Origin: mono-+ G. Rhis (rhin-), nose ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monosaccharide
<biochemistry> A simple sugar that cannot be hydrolysed to smaller units. Empirical formula is (CH2O)n and range in size from trioses (n=3) to heptoses (n=7). ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

monosaccharide transport proteins
Membrane transport proteins which bind glucose and sodium ions and enter the cell together. The sodium ions are then pumped out of the cell by a sodium potassium atpase. The rate and extent of the sugar transport depends on the sodium ion concentration. Inhibitors of the monosaccharide transport system are phlorizin, cytochalasin b, and inhibitors …

monosaccharides
Simple sugars, carbohydrates which cannot be decomposed by hydrolysis. They are colourless crystalline substances with a sweet taste and have the same general formula cnh2non. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

monoscelous
Having only one leg. ... Origin: mono-+ G. Skelos, leg ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monoscenism
Morbid concentration on some past experience. ... Origin: mono-+ G. Skene, tent (stage drop) ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monose
Synonym for monosaccharide ... <biochemistry> A simple sugar that cannot be hydrolysed to smaller units. Empirical formula is (CH2O)n and range in size from trioses (n=3) to heptoses (n=7). ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

monosepalous
<botany> Having only one sepal, or the calyx in one piece or composed of the sepals united into one piece; gamosepalous. ... The most recent writers restrict this term to flowers having a solarity sepal, and use gamosepalous for a calyx formed by several sepals combined into one piece. Cf. Monopetalous. ... Origin: Mono- + sepal: cf. F. Monosep …

monosodium glutamate
<chemical> A commonly used flavour enhancer in food (common in Chinese food). Some people can develop a hypersensitivity to MSG. ... See: Chinese restaurant syndrome. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

monosome
1. <molecular biology> A single ribosome attached to a strand of mRNA. ... 2. <cell biology> A ribosome that has dissociated from a polysome. ... 3. Chromosome in an aneuploid set that does not have a homologue. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

monosomia
In conjoined twins, a condition in which the trunks are completely merged although the heads remain separate. ... See: conjoined twins. ... Origin: mono-+ G. Soma, body ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monosomic
Relating to monosomy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monosomous
Characterised by or pertaining to monosomia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monosomy
<genetics> Situation in a normally diploid cell or organism in which one or more of the homologous chromosome pairs is represented by only one chromosome of the pair. For example: sex determination in grasshoppers depends on the fact that females are XX and males XO, that is, males have only one sex chromosome and are monosomic for the X chro …

monosomy x
A rare genetic disorder (1 in 3,000 births) in women that is characterised by the absence of an X chromosome. This disorder inhibits normal sexual development and causes infertility. Features include webbing of the neck, short stature, retarded development of secondary sex characteristics, absence of menses, coarctation of the aorta, low hairline, …

monospasm
Spasm affecting only one muscle or group of muscles, or a single extremity. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monospermy
Fertilization by the entrance of only one spermatozoon into the egg. ... Origin: mono-+ G. Sperma, seed ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Monosporium apiospermum
Synonym for Scedosporium apiospermum ... The imperfect state of the fungus Pseudallescheria boydii, one of the 16 species of true fungi that may cause mycetoma in humans. ... Synonym: Monosporium apiospermum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Monostoma
Archaic name for a genus of trematodes, based on the presence of a single sucker. ... Origin: mono-+ G. Stoma, mouth ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monostome
Common name for digenetic trematodes that possess a single sucker, oral or ventral, rather than both. ... See: Monostoma. ... Origin: mono-+ G. Stoma, mouth ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monostotic
Involving only one bone. ... Origin: mono-+ G. Osteon, bone ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monostotic fibrous dysplasia
Fibrous dysplasia of a single bone. ... Synonym: localised osteitis fibrosa, osteitis fibrosa circumscripta. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monostratal
Composed of a single layer. ... Origin: mono-+ L. Stratum, layer ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monosubstituted
In chemistry, denoting an element or radical, only one atom or unit of which is found in each molecule of a substitution compound. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monosymptomatic
Denoting a disease or morbid condition manifested by only one marked symptom. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monosynaptic
Referring to direct neural connections (those not involving an intermediary neuron); e.g., the direct connection between primary sensory nerve cells and motor neurons characterizing the monosynaptic reflex arc. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monosyphilide
Marked by the occurrence of a single syphilitic lesion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monoterpenes
Hydrocarbons or their derivatives formed by the condensation of two isoprene units, and therefore containing 10 carbon atoms; e.g., camphor; often containing a cyclic structure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monotherapy
<pharmacology> A therapy which uses only one drug. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

monothermia
Evenness of bodily temperature; absence of an evening rise in body temperature. ... Origin: mono-+ G. Therme, heat ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monothioglycerol
Alpha-Monothioglycerol; 3-mercapto-1,2-propanediol;used to promote wound healing. ... Synonym: thioglycerol. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monotonic sequence
A sequence in which each value in a set is greater than the preceding value. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monotrichate
Synonym for monotrichous ... Having a single polar flagellum. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

monotrichous
Having a single polar flagellum. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

monotypic
Containing only one taxon of the next lower rank (for example applied to a family containing only one genus). ... Compare: polytypic. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

monotypy
<zoology> A situation where a taxon is established with only one immediately subordinate taxon. For example a genus containing only one species. ... (09 Jan 1998) ...

monounsaturated fatty acids
A fatty acid chain with at least two empty spaces that could be hydrogenated (have a hydrogen atom added). Saturated (hydrogenated) fatty acids are a greater health risk for the development of atherosclerotic vascular disease. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

monovalence
Monovalency ... A combining power (valence) equal to that of a hydrogen atom. ... Synonym: univalence, univalency. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monovalent antiserum
See: antiserum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

monovular twins
Synonym for monozygotic twins ... Identical twins, twins which are the result of a single zygote (fertilized egg) splitting into two cell masses and becoming two individuals. The twins are genetically identical and are always of the same sex (both males or both females). ... Compare: dizygotic twins. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...