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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

mouse hepatitis virus
A coronavirus, in the family Coronaviridae, that in the presence of Eperythrozoon coccoides causes fatal hepatitis in newly weaned mice; otherwise causes inapparent infection. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mouse leukaemia viruses
Retroviruses of the murine leukaemia-sarcoma complex that produce leukaemia and sometimes lymphosarcomas in mice, including the Abelron, Gross, Moloney, Friend, and Rauscher strains of virus; they have been isolated from inbred mice having high incidence of spontaneous lymphoid leukaemia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mouse mammary tumour virus
Synonym for mammary tumour virus of mice ... Member of the retrovirus subfamily Oncornavirinae, antigenically distinct from the murine leukaemia-sarcoma complex, that is associated with adenocarcinomatous tumours of the mammary gland, commonly latent in wild and laboratory mice and causing cancer only in genetically susceptible strains under certain …

mouse parotid tumour virus
Synonym for polyomavirus ... <virology> A papovavirus (genus Polyomavirus, family Papovaviridae) which is a DNA tumour virus with very small genome. ... Polyoma was isolated from mice, in which it causes no obvious disease, but when injected at high titre into baby rodents, including mice, it causes tumours of a wide variety of histological typ …

mouse poliomyelitis
Synonym for mouse encephalomyelitis ... Encephalomyelitis due to the mouse encephalomyelitis virus (a species of Enterovirus) which is not pathogenic in monkeys or in man, but attacks mouse colonies and causes a flaccid paralysis, usually of the hind limbs. ... Synonym: mouse poliomyelitis, Theiler's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mouse poliomyelitis virus
Synonym for mouse encephalomyelitis virus ... A virus of the genus Enterovirus, family Picornaviridae, normally associated with inapparent infections and found in the intestinal tracts of infected mice, occasionally causing mouse encephalomyelitis in experimentally inoculated susceptible mice. ... Synonym: mouse poliomyelitis virus. ... (05 Mar 2000)< …

mouse thymic virus
An unclassified ether-sensitive virus, 75 to 100 nm in diameter, that causes necrosis of the thymus in young mice. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mouse unit
Synonym for Allen-Doisy unit ... The quantity of oestrogen capable of producing in a spayed mouse a characteristic change in the vaginal epithelium, namely, disappearance of leukocytes and appearance of cornified cells, as determined by a vaginal smear; equal approximately to one-half of an estrone unit. ... Synonym: mouse unit. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mouse-ear
<botany> The forget-me-not (Myosotis palustris) and other species of the same genus. ... A European species of hawkweed (Hieracium Pilosella). Mouse-ear chickweed, a name of two common species of chickweed (Cerastium vulgarium, and C. Viscosum). Mouse-ear cress, a low cruciferous herb (Sisymbrium Thaliana). All these are low herbs with soft, o …

mouse-tooth forceps
A forceps with one or two fine points at the tip of each blade, fitting into hollows between the points on the opposite blade. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mousepox
Synonym for ectromelia ... Congenital absence or gross shortening of long bones of limb or limbs. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

mousepox virus
Synonym for infectious ectromelia virus ... A virus belonging to the family Poxviridae morphologically similar to vaccinia virus, which occurs as a latent infection in laboratory mice, but which may be activated by stresses such as irradiation and transport to cause disease; inoculation into the footpad results in oedema and necrosis. ... Synonym: ec …

mousetail pulse
Synonym for pulsus myurus ... A pulse marked by a wave, the apex of which is reached suddenly and which then subsides very gradually. ... Synonym: mousetail pulse. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mouth
Origin: OE. Mouth, mu, AS. M; akin to D. Mond, OS. M, G. Mund, Icel. Mur, munnr, Sw. Mun, Dan. Mund, Goth. Muns, and possibly L. Mentum chin; or cf. D. Muil mouth, muzzle, G. Maul, OHG. Mla, Icel. Mli, and Skr. Mukha mouth. ... 1. The opening through which an animal receives food; the aperture between the jaws or between the lips; also, the cavity, …

mouth abnormalities
Congenital absence of or defects in structures of the mouth. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mouth breathing
Abnormal breathing through the mouth, usually associated with obstructive disorders of the nasal passages. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mouth mirror
A small mirror on a handle used to facilitate visualization in the examination of the teeth. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mouth of the womb
Synonym for external os of uterus ... The vaginal opening of the uterus. ... Synonym: ostium uteri, mouth of the womb, opening of uterus, orificium externum uteri, os uteri externum, ostium uteri externum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mouth protectors
Devices or pieces of equipment placed in or around the mouth or attached to instruments to protect the external or internal tissues of the mouth and the teeth. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mouth rehabilitation
Restoration of the form and function of the masticatory apparatus to as nearly a normal condition as possible. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mouth stick
A prosthesis which is held by the teeth and utilised by handicapped persons to perform such actions as typing, painting, and lifting small objects. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mouth ulcers
Circular painful ulcers with a surrounding red margin that are usually 1-2mm in diameter (can be up to 1.0 cm). Heal in 1-2 weeks but can be recurrent. Often caused by a virus in the Herpes family. ... Synonym: aphthous ulcers. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

mouth-to-mouth respiration
A method of artificial ventilation involving an overlap of the patient's mouth (and nose in small children) with the operator's mouth to inflate the patient's lungs by blowing, followed by an unassisted expiratory phase brought about by elastic recoil of the patient's chest and lungs; repeated 12 to 16 times a minute; where the nose is not covered …

mouth-to-mouth resuscitation
Mouth-to-mouth respiration employed as part of emergency cardiopulmonary resuscitation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mouth, edentulous
Having teeth in neither the mandible nor the maxilla. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mouthguard
<dentistry> A pliable plastic device adapted to cover the maxillary teeth that is used to protect the mouth from injury when participating in contact sports. ... The use of a mouthguard is especially important for orthodontic patients, to prevent injuries. ... (08 Mar 2000) ...

mouthwash
A medicated liquid used for cleaning the mouth and treating diseased states of its mucous membranes. ... Synonym: collutorium, collutory. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mouthwashes
Solutions for rinsing the mouth, possessing cleansing, germicidal, or palliative properties. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

movable heart
Synonym for cor mobile ... A heart that moves unduly on change of bodily position. ... Synonym: movable heart. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

movable joint
Synonym for synovial joint ... A joint in which the opposing bony surfaces are covered with a layer of hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage, there is a joint cavity containing synovial fluid, lined with synovial membrane and reinforced by a fibrous capsule and ligaments, and there is some degree of free movement possible. ... Synonym: articulatio syno …

movable kidney
Synonym for floating kidney ... The abnormally mobile kidney in nephroptosia. ... Synonym: movable kidney, wandering kidney. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

movable pulse
The lateral movement of a strongly pulsating tortuous artery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

movable testis
A condition in which there is a tendency in the testis to ascend to the upper part of the scrotum or into the inguinal canal. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

move
1. To cause to change place or posture in any manner; to set in motion; to carry, convey, draw, or push from one place to another; to impel; to stir; as, the wind moves a vessel; the horse moves a carriage. ... 2. To transfer (a piece or man) from one space or position to another, according to the rules of the game; as, to move a king. ... 3. To exci …

movement
1. The act of moving; change of place or posture; transference, by any means, from one situation to another; natural or appropriate motion; progress; advancement; as, the movement of an army in marching or manoeuvreing; the movement of a wheel or a machine; the party of movement. ... 2. Motion of the mind or feelings; emotion. ... 3. Manner or style …

movement-related pain
<symptom> A type of breakthrough pain that is related to specific activity, such as eating, defecation, socialising or walking. Also referred to as incident pain. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

moving
1. Changing place or posture; causing motion or action; as, a moving car, or power. ... 2. Exciting movement of the mind; adapted to move the sympathies, passions, or affections; touching; pathetic; as, a moving appeal. 'I sang an old moving story. ... <mechanics>' (Coleridge) Moving force, a force that accelerates, retards, or deflects the mot …

mowing
Cutting of grasses and forbs mechanically or manually. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

Mowry's colloidal iron stain
<technique> A stain used for demonstrating acid mucopolysaccharides. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

moxa
1. <medicine> A soft woolly mass prepared from the young leaves of Artemisia Chinensis, and used as a cautery by burning it on the skin; hence, any substance used in a like manner, as cotton impregnated with niter, amadou. ... 2. <botany> A plant from which this substance is obtained, especially. Artemisia Chinensis, and A. Moxa. ... Orig …

moxalactam
<chemical> 7-((carboxy(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetyl)amino)-7-methoxy-3- (((1-methyl-1h-tetrazol-5-yl)thio)methyl)-8-oxo-5-oxa-1- azabicyclo(4.2.0)oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid. Broad- spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic similar in structure to the cephalosporins except for the substitution of an oxaazabicyclo moiety for the thiaazabicyclo moiety of certa …

moxibustion
Counterirritation produced by placing on the skin and igniting a cone or cylinder of moxa, a tuft of soft combustible substance popularly used in the orient as a cautery and counterirritant. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

moxisylyte
<chemical> (2-(4-acetoxy-2-isopropyl-5-methylphenoxy)ethyl)dimethylamine. An alpha-adrenergic blocking agent that is used in raynaud's disease. It is also used locally in the eye to reverse the mydriasis caused by phenylephrine and other sympathomimetic agents. ... Pharmacological action: adrenergic alpha-antagonists, miotics, sympatholytics, …

moyamoya disease
<radiology> Progressive obstructive/occlusive cerebral arteritis, affecting distal ICA at bifurcation into its branches (anterior 2/3 of circle of Willis), usually involving both hemispheres, aetiology: unknown, age: predominantly in children and young adults. Clinical: headaches, behavioural disturbances, recurrent hemiparetic attacks radiog …

mozambique
An independent state in southern africa, south of tanzania and east of zambia, on the indian ocean. Its capital is maputo. It was formerly called portuguese east africa, the town of mozambique having been a portuguese trading fort early in the 16th century. Organised as a colony in 1907, it became an overseas province of portugal in 1951 and became …

Mozart ear
A deformity of the pinna where the two crura of the antihelix and the crus of the helix are fixed, giving a bulging appearance of the superior part of the pinna. ... Origin: Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, 1756-1791, composer, said to have had this deformity ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mp
1. <abbreviation> Melting point. ... 2. <abbreviation> ... Origin: L. Modo praescripto, in the manner prescribed. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

MP joints
Synonym for metacarpophalangeal joints ... The spheroid synovial joints between the heads of the metacarpals and the bases of the proximal phalanges. ... Synonym: articulationes metacarpophalangeae, metacarpophalangeal articulations, MP joints. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

MPGN
Synonym for membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis ... <pathology> A kidney disorder which results in kidney dysfunction. Inflammation of the glomeruli result from an abnormal immune response and the deposition of antibodies within the kidney (glomerulus) ultrastructure. ... Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis has been divided into two d …

MPGN type i
A kidney disorder which results in kidney dysfunction. Inflammation of the glomeruli result from an abnormal immune response and the deposition of antibodies within the kidney (glomerulus) ultrastructure. Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) has been divided into two different types in the basis of where the antibodies are deposited in t …

mpgn type II
A kidney disorder which results in kidney dysfunction. Inflammation of the glomeruli result from an abnormal immune response and the deposition of antibodies within the kidney (glomerulus) ultrastructure. Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) has been divided into two different types in the basis of where the antibodies are deposited in t …

MPH
Master of Public Health (master's degree in this area of medicine). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

MPTP
N-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine;piperidine derivative which causes irreversible symptoms of parkinsonism in humans and monkeys. A by-product of illicitly manufactured meperidine that caused numerous cases of parkinsonism. Used as an experimental tool in research on parkinsonism. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

MR
Synonym for Magnetic Resonance Imaging ... A special imaging technique used to image internal stuctures of the body, particularly the soft tissues. An MRI image is often superior to a normal X-ray image. ... It uses the influence of a large magnet to polarize hydrogen atoms in the tissues and then monitors the summation of the spinning energies withi …

MR angiography
Imaging of blood vessels using special MR sequences which enhance the signal of flowing blood and suppress that from other tissues. ... Synonym: magnetic resonance angiography. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

MRC
Synonym for Medical Research Council ... <organisation> A UK Government funded body to promote the balanced development of medical and related biological research in the United Kingdom. ... It organises national clinical trials for the assessment of new treatment protocols for leukaemia and some of the related diseases. ... (05 Jan 1998) ...

MRCP
<abbreviation> Member of the Royal College of Physicians. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

MRCS
<abbreviation> Member of the Royal College of Surgeons. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

MRCVS
<abbreviation> Member of the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons (of the United Kingdom). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

MRF
See Materials recovery facility. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

MRF 4
Synonym for herculin ... <protein> Product of the muscle regulatory gene Myf 6. ... Synonym: muscle regulatory factor 4. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

MRH
<abbreviation> Melanotropin-releasing hormone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

MRI
Synonym for Magnetic Resonance Imaging ... A special imaging technique used to image internal stuctures of the body, particularly the soft tissues. An MRI image is often superior to a normal X-ray image. ... It uses the influence of a large magnet to polarize hydrogen atoms in the tissues and then monitors the summation of the spinning energies withi …

MRI scan
Synonym for Magnetic Resonance Imaging ... A special imaging technique used to image internal stuctures of the body, particularly the soft tissues. An MRI image is often superior to a normal X-ray image. ... It uses the influence of a large magnet to polarize hydrogen atoms in the tissues and then monitors the summation of the spinning energies withi …

mRNA
<molecular biology> Single stranded RNA molecule that specifies the amino acid sequence of one or more polypeptide chains. This information is translated during protein synthesis when ribosomes bind to the mRNA. ... In prokaryotes, mRNA is normally formed by splicing a large primary transcript from a DNA sequence and protein synthesis starts w …

mRNA guanylyltransferase
<enzyme> Catalyses transfer of GMP residue from GTP to 5' end of RNA to form cap structure identified as g(5')pppn; can also modify synthetic poly(a) and poly(g) to form m7g(5')pppan and m7g(5')pppgn; see also capping enzyme, vaccinia virus ... Registry number: EC 2.7.7.50 ... Synonym: RNA guanylyltransferase, m-RNA guanylyltransferase, GTP mRN …

mRNA maturase
<enzyme> Also potent endonuclease involved in recombination ... Registry number: EC 2.7.7.- ... Synonym: RNA, mitochondrial maturase, RNA maturase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

mRNA(adenine-N6)-methyltransferase
<enzyme> Methylates mRNA at internal adenosine within the consensus sequence puac(a/c/u) ... Registry number: EC 2.1.1.- ... Synonym: mRNA-a-n6-methyltransferase, mRNA(adenine-n6)-methylase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

MS
<neurology> The abbreviation for multiple sclerosis is MS. It is a disease which results in destruction of nerve sheaths resulting in scarring (fibrosis). ... Commonly presents with its first attack between the ages of 20 and 40. ... Common symptoms include double vision, extremity weakness, numbness, bladder dysfunction and movement or coordin …

MS-1 hepatitis
Synonym for viral hepatitis type A ... A virus disease with a short incubation period (usually 15 to 50 days), caused by hepatitis A virus, a member of the family Picornaviridae, often transmitted by faecal-oral route; may be inapparent, mild, severe, or occasionally fatal and occurs sporadically or in epidemics, commonly in school-age children and …

MS2 polymerase
<enzyme> Used in formation of fusion proteins ... Registry number: EC 2.7.7.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

MSAFP
Abbreviation for maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

MSB trichrome stain
<technique> A stain for fibrin using martius yellow, brilliant crystal scarlet 6R, and soluble blue; fibrin is selectively stained red and connective tissue appears blue. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mscf
One million standard cubic feet. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

msec
<abbreviation> Millisecond. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

msh
<chemical> Peptide hormones secreted by the intermediate lobe of the pituitary that stimulate melanin release and dispersal. Melanocyte-stimulating hormones are also found in the brain where they are presumed to play a signaling role. ... Chemical name: Melanotropin ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

msh-releasing hormone
A polypeptide hormone which originates in the hypothalamus and stimulates secretion of melanocyte-stimulating hormones in the pituitary gland. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

MSP 1 proteinase
<enzyme> Basic serine proteinase from bothrops moojeni (caissaca) venom; causes platelet aggregation ... Registry number: EC 3.4.21.- ... Synonym: caissaca msp 1 proteinase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

MSP 2 proteinase
<enzyme> Basic serine protease from bothrops moojeni (caisacca) venom; has much higher tame hydrolase activity than msp 1; but does not have platelet aggregation activity ... Registry number: EC 3.4.21.- ... Synonym: caissaca msp 2 proteinase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

MST1 protein kinase
<enzyme> Mst1 - mammalian sterile twenty-like; homologous to ste20; genbank u18297; do not confuse with the monosaccharide transporter mst1 protein ... Registry number: EC 2.7.10.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

MST2 kinase
<enzyme> 78% identical to mst1; a human homolog to yeast ste20 protein kinase family; genbank u26424 ... Registry number: EC 2.7.10.- ... Synonym: mst2 protein kinase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

MTBE
<abbreviation> Methyl-tert-butyl ether. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

MTF
Synonym for modulation transfer function ... <microscopy> A mathematical function that expresses the ability of an optical or electronic device to transfer signals faithfully as a function of the spatial or temporal frequency of the signal. ... The modulation transfer function is the ratio of percentage modulation of a sinusoidal signal leaving …

MTOC
Synonym for microtubule organising centre ... <cell biology> Rather amorphous region of cytoplasm from which microtubules radiate. The pattern and number of microtubules is determined by the microtubule organising centre. ... The pericentriolar region is the major microtubule organising centre in animal cells, the basal body of a cilium is anot …

MTSP-1 serine protease
<enzyme> 29-kD protease isolated from mouse spleen; n-terminal ... Registry number: EC 3.4.21.- ... Synonym: mouse trypsin-type serine protease 1 ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

MTSP-2 serine protease
<enzyme> 29-kD protein isolated from mouse spleen ... Registry number: EC 3.4.21.- ... Synonym: mouse trypsin-type serine protease 2 ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

mu
Symbol for millimicron. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mucamide
<chemistry> The acid amide of mucic acid, obtained as a white crystalline substance. ... (26 Mar 1998) ...

mucase
Synonym for mucinase ... A term specifically applied to hyaluronate lyase, hyaluronoglucosaminidase, and hyaluronoglucuronidase (hyaluronidases), but more loosely to any enzyme that hydrolyzes mucopolysaccharide substances (mucins). ... Synonym: mucase, mucopolysaccharidase. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Much, Hans
<person> German physician, 1880-1932. ... See: Much's bacillus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Much's bacillus
<bacteria, microbiology> An alleged non-acid-fast granular form of the tubercle bacillus; not demonstrable by the Ziehl stain, but takes a modified Gram stain; it is said to be the form present in the tuberculous skin lesion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Mucha-Habermann disease
pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta ...

Mucha-Habermann syndrome
pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta ...

Mucha, Victor
<person> Austrian dermatologist, 1877-1919. ... See: Mucha-Habermann disease, Mucha-Habermann syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

muci-
Mucous, mucin. ... See: muco-, myxo-. ... Origin: L. Mucus ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mucicarmine
A red stain containing aluminum chloride and carmine; used to detect epithelial mucins and mucin-secreting adenocarcinomas; also used to demonstrate the capsule of Cryptococcus neoformans and other fungi. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mucihematein
A violet-blue staining fluid containing aluminum chloride and haematein; used to detect connective tissue mucins. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mucilage
<plant biology> Sticky mixture of carbohydrates in plants. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

mucilaginous
1. Partaking of the nature of, or resembling, mucilage; moist, soft, and viscid; slimy; ropy; as, a mucilaginous liquid. ... 2. Of, pertaining to, or secreting, mucilage; as, the mucilaginous glands. ... 3. Soluble in water, but not in alcohol; yielding mucilage; as, mucilaginous gums or plants. Mucilag'inousness. ... Origin: Cf. F. Mucilagineux. See …

mucilaginous gland
One of the synovial villi, supposed by Havers to secrete the synovia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...