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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

mother yaw
A large granulomatous lesion, considered to be the initial lesion in yaws, most commonly present on the hand, leg, or foot. ... Synonym: buba madre, frambesioma, mamanpian, protopianoma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mother-child relations
Interaction between the mother and the child. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mothers
Female parents, human or animal. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

moths
Insects of the suborder heterocera of the order lepidoptera. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

motif
Recurring characteristic or theme. ... <molecular biology> The smallest group of atoms in a polymer that, when under the influence of a rotation-translation operator, will assemble the rest of the atoms in the chain. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

motile
<biology> Actively moving, self-propelled. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

motile leukocyte
Any leukocyte that manifests active ameboid movement, especially a mature granulocytic leukocyte (eosinophils are less motile than neutrophils or basophils); monocytes manifest a slow, but persistent, wavelike movement. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

motilin
<protein> Peptide (22 residues) found in duodenum, pituitary and pineal that stimulates intestinal motility. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

motility
<biology> The ability to move spontaneously. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

motility test
A test based on microscopic observation or on the spread of growth in soft agar, used to determine if a microorganism is motile. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

motility test medium
A culture medium with a concentration of agar that produces a less solid consistency than usual and allows motile organisms to grow away from the line of inoculation; used to differentiate species of bacteria. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

motion
1. The act, process, or state of changing place or position; movement; the passing of a body from one place or position to another, whether voluntary or involuntary; opposed to rest. 'Speaking or mute, all comeliness and grace attends thee, and each word, each motion, forms.' (Milton) ... 2. Power of, or capacity for, motion. 'Devoid of sense and mo …

motion perception
The real or apparent movement of objects through the visual field. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

motion pictures
The art, technique, or business of producing motion pictures for entertainment, propaganda, or instruction. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

motion sickness
<neurology> A disturbance of the inner ear that is caused by repeated motion (for example sea sickness, car sickness). ... Common symptoms include nausea, vomiting and vertigo. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

motion therapy, continuous passive
Movement of a body part initiated and maintained by a mechanical or electrical device to restore normal range of motion to joints, muscles, or tendons after surgery, prosthesis implantation, contracture flexion, or long immobilization. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

motion, range of
The range through which a joint can be moved, usually its range of flexion and extension. Due to an injury, the knee may for example lack 10 degrees of full extension. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

motivation
Those factors which cause an organism to behave or act in either a goal-seeking or satisfying manner. They may be influenced by physiological drives or by external stimuli. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

motmot
<ornithology> Any one of several species of long-tailed, passerine birds of the genus Momotus, having a strong serrated beak. In most of the species the two long middle tail feathers are racket-shaped at the tip, when mature. The bird itself is said by some writers to trim them into this shape. They feed on insects, reptiles, and fruit, and a …

motofacient
Causing motion; denoting the second phase of muscular activity in which actual movement is produced. ... Origin: L. Motus, motion, + facio, to make ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

motogen
<cell biology> Term proposed for substances that stimulate cell motility by analogy with those that stimulate cell division (mitogens). ... Hepatocyte growth factor is an example, though it seems likely that factors may be motogens for some cells and mitogens for others and may be motogens, mitogens or both depending upon the local conditions …

motoneuron
<neurology, physiology> A neuron that connects functionally to a muscle fibre. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

motor
<neurology, physiology> A muscle, nerve or centre that effects or produces movement. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

motor abreaction
The release of an unconscious thought, idea, or impulse through motor or muscular expression. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

motor activity
The physical activity of an organism as a behavioural phenomenon. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

motor agraphia
Agraphia due to muscular incoordination. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

motor amusia
Inability to produce music. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

motor aphasia
A type of aphasia in which there is a deficit in speech production or language output, often accompanied by a deficit in communicating by writing, signs, etc. The patient is aware of his impairment. ... Synonym: anterior aphasia, ataxic aphasia, Broca's aphasia, expressive aphasia, nonfluent aphasia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

motor apraxia
An inability to make movements or to use objects for the purpose intended. ... Synonym: cortical apraxia, innervation apraxia, limb-kinetic apraxia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

motor area
Synonym for motor cortex ... Area of the frontal lobe concerned with primary motor control. It lies anterior to the central sulcus. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

motor ataxia
Ataxia developing upon attempting to perform coordinated muscular movements. ... Synonym: kinetic ataxia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

motor cell
A neuron whose axon innervates peripheral effector cell's such as muscle fibres or gland cell's. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

motor cortex
Area of the frontal lobe concerned with primary motor control. It lies anterior to the central sulcus. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

motor dapsone neuropathy
A peripheral neuropathy due to ingestion of 4,4-deaminodiphenylsulphone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

motor decussation
Synonym for pyramidal decussation ... The intercrossing of the bundles of the pyramidal tracts at the lower border region of the medulla oblongata. ... Synonym: decussatio pyramidum, decussatio motoria, motor decussation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

motor endplate
The specialised postsynaptic region of a muscle cell. The motor endplate is immediately across the synaptic cleft from the presynaptic axon terminal. Among its anatomical specializations are junctional folds which harbor a high density of cholinergic receptors. ... See: neuromuscular junction ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

motor fibres
Nerve fibre's that transmit impulses that activate effector cells, e.g., in muscle or gland tissue. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

motor image
The image of body movements. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

motor nerve
<anatomy, nerve> An efferent nerve conveying an impulse that excites muscular contraction; motor nerves in the autonomic nervous system also elicit secretions from glandular epithelia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

motor nerve of face
Synonym for facial nerve ... <anatomy, nerve> The facial nerve enervates the muscles of the face (facial expression). ... Lesion of the facial nerve cause a drooping to one side of the face, inability to wrinkle the forehead, inability to whistle, inability to close the eye and deviation of the mouth to the unaffected side. ... Synonym: cranial …

motor neuron
Synonym for motoneuron. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

motor neuron disease
<disease> Degenerative disease of unknown cause that affects predominantly motor neurons of spinal cord, cranial nerve nuclei and motor cortex. There is speculation that deficiency in ciliary neurotrophic factor may be involved. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

motor neurons
Neurons which activate muscle cells. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

motor neurons, gamma
Motor neurons which activate the contractile regions of intrafusal muscle fibres, thus adjusting the sensitivity of the muscle spindles to stretch. Gamma motor neurons may be 'static' or 'dynamic' according to which aspect of responsiveness (or which fibre types) they regulate. The alpha and gamma motor neurons are often activated together (alpha g …

motor nuclei
Synonym for nuclei of origin ... Collections of motor neurons (forming a continuous column in the spinal cord, discontinuous in the medulla and pons) giving origin to the spinal and cranial motor nerves. ... Synonym: nuclei originis, motor nuclei. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

motor nucleus of trigeminal nerve
<anatomy, nerve> A group of motor neurons innervating the muscles of mastication (masseter, temporalis, internal and external pterygoid muscles) and the musculi tensor tympani and tensor veli palatini. The nucleus lies in the upper pontine tegmentum medial to the main sensory nucleus of the trigeminus. ... Synonym: nucleus motorius nervi trige …

motor nucleus of trigeminus
Synonym for motor nucleus of trigeminal nerve ... <anatomy, nerve> A group of motor neurons innervating the muscles of mastication (masseter, temporalis, internal and external pterygoid muscles) and the musculi tensor tympani and tensor veli palatini. The nucleus lies in the upper pontine tegmentum medial to the main sensory nucleus of the tri …

motor oculi
Synonym for oculomotor nerve ... <anatomy, nerve> Responsible for motor enervation of upper eyelid muscle, extraocular muscle and pupillary muscle. Lesions of the oculomotor nerve results in ptosis (dropping eyelid), deviation of the eyeball outward, double vision and a dilated pupil. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

motor paralysis
Loss of the power of muscular contraction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

motor plate
A motor endplate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

motor point
A point on the skin where the application of an electrical stimulus, via an electrode, will cause the contraction of an underlying muscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

motor protein
<protein> Proteins that bind ATP and are able to move on a suitable substrate with concomitant ATP hydrolysis. ... most eukaryotic motor proteins move by binding to a specific site on either actin filaments (myosin) or on microtubules (dynein, kinesin). They are normally elongated molecules with two active binding sites although some kinesin a …

motor root
Synonym for ventral root ... The motor root of a spinal nerve. ... Synonym: radix anterior, radix motoria, anterior root, motor root, radix ventralis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

motor root of ciliary ganglion
Synonym for parasympathetic root of ciliary ganglion ... A branch of the oculomotor nerve supplying parasympathetic preganglionic nerve fibres to the ciliary ganglion. ... Synonym: radix parasympathica ganglii ciliaris, radix oculomotoria ganglii ciliaris, motor root of ciliary ganglion, oculomotor root of ciliary ganglion, radix brevis ganglii cilia …

motor root of trigeminal nerve
<anatomy, nerve> The smaller root of the trigeminal nerve, composed of fibres originating from the trigeminal motor nucleus and emerging from the pons medial to the much larger sensory root, to join the mandibular nerve; it carries motor and proprioceptive fibres to the muscles derived from the first bronchial (mandibular) arch, including the …

motor skills
Performance of complex motor acts. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

motor skills disorders
Marked impairments in the development of motor coordination such that the impairment interferes with activities of daily living. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

motor speech centre
Synonym for Broca's centre ... The posterior part of the inferior frontal gyrus of the left or dominant hemisphere, corresponding approximately to Brodmann's area 44; Broca identified this region as an essential component of the motor mechanisms governing articulated speech. ... Synonym: Broca's area, Broca's field, motor speech centre. ... (05 Mar 20 …

motor system disease
Synonym for motor neuron disease ... <disease> Degenerative disease of unknown cause that affects predominantly motor neurons of spinal cord, cranial nerve nuclei and motor cortex. There is speculation that deficiency in ciliary neurotrophic factor may be involved. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

motor tic
<neurology> A repetitive spasmodic movement of the eyes or facial muscles. May also involve the neck or shoulders. ... Tics are most common in children. The cause is unknown but may be linked to stress. Tics are more common in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disease. Most tics require no treatment and resolve on their own with pa …

motor unit
A single somatic motor neuron and the group of muscle fibres innervated by it. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

motor vehicles
Automobiles, trucks, buses, or similar engine-driven conveyances. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

motor zone
That portion of the cerebral cortex, primarily the posterior region of the frontal lobe, near the central sulcus, which when stimulated produces a movement and when injured produces spasticity or paralysis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

motor-generator
<physics> Device used to store energy by accelerating a rotating flywheel to high speeds, energy may be rapidly discharged and converted to shorter-pulse energy. (Used to power TFTR, the electric utility would be a little unhappy if TFTR were to suddenly draw its 30 MW+ of power at random intervals. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

motorcycles
Two-wheeled, engine-driven vehicles. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

motormeter
A device for determining the amount, force, and rapidity of movement. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Mott cell
<pathology> Plasma cells containing large eosinophilic inclusions, found in the brain in cases of African trypanosomiasis. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

mottle
Fine inhomogeneity of an area of generally uniform opacity on a photograph or radiograph; noise. ... Origin: fr. Motley, fr. M.E. Mot, speck ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mottled enamel
Alterations in enamel structure due to excessive fluoride ingestion during tooth formation; varies in appearance from small white opacities to yellow and black spotting. ... Nanoid enamel, a condition of abnormal thinness of the enamel. ... Synonym: dwarfed enamel. ... Whorled enamel, enamel in which the rods assume a spiral or twisting course. ... (05 …

mottles
<botany> Spots or blotches of different colour or shades of colour interspersed within the dominant matrix colour in a soil layer. ... Distinct mottles are readily seen and easily distinguished from the colour of the matrix, prominent mottles are obvious and mottling is one of the outstanding features of the horizon. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

mottling
An area of skin comprised of macular lesions of varying shades or colours. ... Origin: E. Motley, variegated in colour ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Motulsky dye reduction test
A test for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in the blood, using a mixture of brilliant cresyl blue, glucose-6-phosphate, and NADP. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

moulage
A reproduction in wax of a skin lesion, tumour, or other pathologic state. ... Origin: F. A molding ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mould
<microbiology> A filamentous fungus. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

moulding
Used in making a mold or moldings; used in shaping anything according to a pattern. Molding, or Moulding, board. See Follow board, under Follow, A board on which bread or pastry is kneaded and shaped. Molding, or Moulding, machine. ... A kind of sand containing clay, used in making molds. ... 1. The act or process of shaping in or on a mold, or of ma …

moult
To shed or cast the hair, feathers, skin, horns, or the like, as an animal or a bird. ... Origin: OE. Mouten, L. Mutare. See Mew to molt, and cf. Mute] [The prevalent spelling is, perhaps, moult; but as the u has not been inserted in the otherwords of this class, as, bolt, colt, dolt, etc, it is desirable to complete the analogy by the spelling molt …

mound
An artificial hill or elevation of earth; a raised bank; an embarkment thrown up for defense; a bulwark; a rampart; also, a natural elevation appearing as if thrown up artificially; a regular and isolated hill, hillock, or knoll. 'To thrid the thickets or to leap the mounds.' (Dryden) Mound bird. ... <zoology> Any one of the megapodes. Shell m …

mounding
Synonym for myoedema ... A localised contraction of a degenerating muscle, occurring at the point of a sharp blow, independent of the nerve supply. ... Synonym: idiomuscular contraction, mounding, myoidema. ... Origin: myo-+ G. Oidema, swelling ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mounier-kuhn syndrome
<radiology> Tracheomegaly, tracheobronchomegaly, inheritance: (?) autosomal recessive clinical findings: recurrent pneumonia, loud cough, hoarseness, dyspnea, copious purulent sputum production XR findings: tracheobronchomegaly (trachea equal to or greater than the width of the tracheal vert. Body., increase in lumen of the trachea with Valsa …

Mounier-Kuhn, P
<person> 20th century French physician. ... See: Mounier-Kuhn syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mount
1. A mass of earth, or earth and rock, rising considerably above the common surface of the surrounding land; a mountain; a high hill; used always instead of mountain, when put before a proper name; as, Mount Washington; otherwise, chiefly in poetry. ... 2. A bulwark for offense or defense; a mound. 'Hew ye down trees, and cast a mount against Jerusa …

mountain
1. Of or pertaining to a mountain or mountains; growing or living on a mountain; found on or peculiar to mountains; among mountains; as, a mountain torrent; mountain pines; mountain goats; mountain air; mountain howitzer. ... 2. Like a mountain; mountainous; vast; very great. 'The high, the mountain majesty of worth. ... <zoology>' (Byron) Moun …

mountain anaemia
Term sometimes used for mountain sickness. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mountain balm
Synonym for eriodictyon ... The dried leaves of Eriodictyon californicum (family Hydrophyllaceae); the fluidextract and the syrup have been used as an expectorant and to mask the taste of bitter substances. ... Synonym: mountain balm, yerba santa. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mountain disease
A term that can mean acute altitude sickness; also used for chronic disease characterised by low oxygen saturation of haemoglobin, due to low partial pressure of oxygen in inspired air plus alveolar hypoventilation that develops in some individuals, especially older people. Polycythemia leads to florid skin colour but cyanosis appears on mild exert …

mountain fever
A rare acute viral infection transmitted via a tick bite (Dermacentor andersoni). Disease is limited to the western United States, particularly Colorado. The incubation period is 3-6 days. ... Symptoms include fever (that may abate and then recur), sweats, chills, joint pains, headache, photophobia, nausea, vomiting, rash and weakness. ... Treatment …

mountain sickness
Synonym for altitude sickness ... A condition that results from prolonged exposure to high altitude. ... Symptoms include a continuous dry cough, shortness of breath, poor exercise tolerance, dizziness, headache, sleep difficulty, anorexia, confusion, fatigue and a rapid pulse. ... Treatment includes the immediate movement to a lower altitude. Prophyl …

mountain tick fever
A rare acute viral infection transmitted via a tick bite (Dermacentor andersoni). Disease is limited to the western United States, particularly Colorado. The incubation period is 3-6 days. ... Symptoms include fever (that may abate and then recur), sweats, chills, joint pains, headache, photophobia, nausea, vomiting, rash and weakness. ... Treatment …

mountaineering
A sport involving mountain climbing techniques. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mountebank
1. One who mounts a bench or stage in the market or other public place, boasts of his skill in curing diseases, and vends medicines which he pretends are infalliable remedies; a quack doctor. 'Such is the weakness and easy credulity of men, that a mountebank . Is preferred before an able physician.' (Whitlock) ... 2. Any boastful or false pretender; …

mounting
In dentistry, the laboratory procedure of attaching the maxillary and/or mandibular cast to an articulator. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mounting medium
<microscopy> Any liquid, polymer, resin, melt, or even gas used to mount microscopical specimens before examination. The chief attributes of a mounting medium are refractive index, viscosity, lack of colour and long-term chemical stability. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

mourn
1. To express or to feel grief or sorrow; to grieve; to be sorrowful; to lament; to be in a state of grief or sadness. 'Abraham came to mourn for Sarah, and to weep for her.' (Gen. Xxiii. 2) ... 2. To wear the customary garb of a mourner. 'We mourn in black; why mourn we not in blood?' (Shak) 'Grieve for an hour, perhaps, then mourn a year.' (Pope)< …

mourning
1. Grieving; sorrowing; lamenting. ... 2. Employed to express sorrow or grief; worn or used as appropriate to the condition of one bereaved or sorrowing; as, mourning garments; a mourning ring; a mourning pin, and the like. ... <botany> Mourning bride, an American ground warbler (Geothlypis Philadelphia). The male has the head, neck, and chest, …

mouse
Origin: OE. Mous, mus, AS. Mus, pl. M<ymac/s; akin to D. Muis, G. Maus, OHG. & Icel. Mus, Dan. Muus, Sw. Mus, Russ. Muishe, L. Mus, Gr. My^s, Skr. Mush mouse, mush to steal. 277. Cf. Muscle, Musk. ... 1. <zoology> Any one of numerous species of small rodents belonging to the genus Mus and various related genera of the family Muridae. Th …

mouse antialopecia factor
A member of the vitamin B complex necessary for growth of yeast and of mice, absence from the diet causes hair loss and dermatitis in mice. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

mouse cancer
Any of various types of malignant neoplasms that occur naturally in mice, especially in certain inbred 'c. Strains' used for research studies. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mouse encephalomyelitis
Encephalomyelitis due to the mouse encephalomyelitis virus (a species of Enterovirus) which is not pathogenic in monkeys or in man, but attacks mouse colonies and causes a flaccid paralysis, usually of the hind limbs. ... Synonym: mouse poliomyelitis, Theiler's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mouse encephalomyelitis virus
A virus of the genus Enterovirus, family Picornaviridae, normally associated with inapparent infections and found in the intestinal tracts of infected mice, occasionally causing mouse encephalomyelitis in experimentally inoculated susceptible mice. ... Synonym: mouse poliomyelitis virus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mouse hepatitis
A form of hepatitis in mice due to synergism between the mouse hepatitis virus and Eperythrozoon coccoides. ... Synonym: murine hepatitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...