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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

homologous stimulus
A stimulus that acts only on the nerve terminations in a special sense organ. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

homologous tumour
<oncology> Any tumour which is composed of the same tissue as that in which it arose. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

homolographic
Preserving the mutual relations of parts, especially as to size and form; maintaining relative proportion. Homolographic projection, a method of constructing geographical charts or maps, so that the surfaces, as delineated on a plane, have the same relative size as the real surfaces; that is, so that the relative actual areas of the different count …

homologue
<genetics> One member of a related pair of human chromosomes. ... (14 Nov 1997) ...

homology
<embryology, genetics> Two anatomical structures or behavioural traits within different organisms which originated from a structure or trait of their common ancestral organism. ... The structures or traits in their current forms may not necessarily perform the same functions in each organism, nor perform the functions it did in the common ance …

homology of strands
homology of chains ...

homolysin
A sensitizing haemolytic antibody (haemolysin) formed as the result of stimulation by an antigen derived from an animal of the same species. ... Origin: homo-+ haemolysin ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

homolysis
Lysis of red blood cells by a homolysin and complement. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

homomeric peptide
A peptide which, on hydrolysis, yields only amino acids; e.g., glutathione, A peptide which consists of only one particular amino acid; e.g., alanylalanylalanine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

homomorphic
Two or more things which have similar sizes, shapes, and/or other characteristics. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

homonuclear
Denoting a cell line that retains the original chromosome complement. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

homonym
<zoology> Each of two or more identical but independently proposed names for the same or different taxa. ... (09 Jan 1998) ...

homonymous diplopia
Synonym for homonymous images ... Double image's produced by stimuli arising from points proximal to the horopter. ... Synonym: homonymous diplopia, simple diplopia, uncrossed diplopia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

homonymous hemianopia
Blindness in the corresponding (right or left) field of vision of each eye. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

homonymous images
Double image's produced by stimuli arising from points proximal to the horopter. ... Synonym: homonymous diplopia, simple diplopia, uncrossed diplopia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

homonymous parallax
The apparent movement of an object toward the open eye when one is closed; noted in oesophoria. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

homonymy
<zoology> Any name that is a junior homonym of an available name must be rejected and replaced. ... (09 Jan 1998) ...

homophenes
Words in which the visible organs of speech behave the same, e.g., tug, tongue, tuck. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

homophil
Denoting an antibody that reacts only with the specific antigen which induced its formation. ... Origin: homo-+ G. Philos, fond ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

homoplastic
Similar in form and structure, but not in origin. ... Origin: homo-+ G. Plastos, formed ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

homoplastic graft
Synonym for allograft ... <haematology> Grafts between two or more individuals allogeneic at one or more loci (usually with reference to histocompatibility loci). As opposed to autograft and xenograft. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

homoplasty
<surgery> The replacement during surgery of a damaged organ or damaged tissue in an individual by an allograft - a donor organ or tissue from a genetically dissimilar member of the same species. ... Synonym: homoplastic graft. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

homoplasy
Organs or other bodily structures within different species which resemble each other and have the same functions, but which did not have a common ancestral origin and development. Instead, the parts arose via convergent evolution and are thus analogies. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

homopolar generator
<physics> A direct-current generator in which the poles presented to the armature are all of the same polarity, so that the voltage generated in the active conductors has the same polarity at all times. A pure direct current is thus produced without commutation. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

homopolymer
<chemistry> A type of polymer (large molecule which consists of a chain of similar smaller molecules called monomers) where all of the monomers are the same thing. For example: a polypeptide which consists entirely of the amino acid lysine linked end to end, instead of many different amino acids linked end to end, would be a homopolymer. ... ( …

homopolymer tailing
A lab technique where a nucleic acid homopolymer (a long chain of the same nucleotide over and over) is attached to the end of a piece of DNA as a part of DNA cloning. It is especially useful in cDNA cloning to get the cDNA inserted into the cloning vector -- a nucleic acid homopolymer which contains the complementary nucleotide to the cDNA tail is …

homopolysaccharide
<biochemistry> A polysaccharide made up of only one kind of simple sugar. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

homoproline
Synonym for pipecolic acid ... Dihydrobaikiaine; 2-piperidinecarboxylic acid; saturated picolinic acid;the l-isomers of the d1-and d6-dehydropipecolic acids are intermediates in the catabolism of l-lysine; pipecolic acid accumulates in disorders of the peroxisomes. ... Synonym: homoproline, pipecolinic acid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

homoprotocatechuic acid
(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid;an isomer of homogentisic acid found in urine; a degradation product of l-tyrosine, l-dopa, and hydroxytyramine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

homorganic
Produced by the same organs, or by homologous organs. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

homosalate
3,3,5-Trimethylcyclohexyl salicylate;an ultraviolet screening agent for topical application to the skin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

homoscedasticity
Constancy of the variance of a measure over the levels of the factor under study. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

homoserine
An amino acid which is used by plants and bacteria to make methionine, threonine, and isoleucine (three of the twenty amino acids used to make proteins). Homoserine is similar to the amino acid serine (another of the twenty amino acids used to make proteins), except it has an extra methylene group. It is also formed when cystathionine is metabolise …

homoserine deaminase
Synonym for cystathionine gamma-lyase ... <enzyme> A multifunctional pyridoxal phosphate enzyme. In the final step in the biosynthesis of cysteine it catalyses the cleavage of cystathionine to yield cysteine, ammonia, and 2-ketobutyrate. ... Chemical name: L-Cystathionine cysteine-lyase (deaminating) ... Registry number: EC 4.4.1.1 ... (12 Dec 19 …

homoserine dehydratase
Synonym for cystathionine gamma-lyase ... <enzyme> A multifunctional pyridoxal phosphate enzyme. In the final step in the biosynthesis of cysteine it catalyses the cleavage of cystathionine to yield cysteine, ammonia, and 2-ketobutyrate. ... Chemical name: L-Cystathionine cysteine-lyase (deaminating) ... Registry number: EC 4.4.1.1 ... (12 Dec 19 …

homoserine dehydrogenase
<enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the reduction of aspartic beta-semialdehyde to homoserine, which is the branch point in biosynthesis of methionine, lysine, threonine and leucine from aspartic acid. ... Chemical name: L-Homoserine:NAD(P)+ oxidoreductase ... Registry number: EC 1.1.1.3 ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

homoserine lactone
The cyclic ester (i.e., the d-lactone) of homoserine; formed by the reaction of cyanogen bromide on methionyl residues in peptides and proteins. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

homosexual
A person sexually attracted to persons of the same sex. Homosexuals include males (gays) and females (lesbians). Homosexual can also be an adjective. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

homosexuality
Sexuality directed toward someone of the same sex. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

homosexuality, female
Sexual attraction or relationship between females. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

homosexuality, male
Sexual attraction or relationship between males. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

homospermidine synthetase
<enzyme> Proposed mechanism-schiff base formed between putrescine and its oxidation product, 4-aminobutyraldehyde, then reduced to sym-homospermidine; requires nad ... Registry number: EC 2.5.1.- ... Synonym: homospermidine synthase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

homosporous
Producing only one kind of spore in the sexual reproductive cycle, and hence one gametophyte which produces both male and female gametes. ... Compare: heterosporous. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

homosteroid
A steroid that has had at least one of the rings in its structure expanded. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

homosteroids
Steroids whose structure has been expanded by the addition of one or more carbon atoms to the ring skeleton in any of the four rings. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

homostylous
Species in which the flowers have stigmas and anthers held at the same level relative to each other on all plants. ... Compare: heterostylous. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

homothallic
In fungi, denoting a kind of sexual reproduction in which a nucleus of a thallus is capable of fusing with another nucleus from the same thallus or mating type. ... Compare: heterothallic. ... Origin: homo-+ G. Thallos, a young shoot ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

homothermal
Synonym: homeothermic. ... Origin: homo-+ G. Therme, heat ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

homotonic
Of uniform tension or tonus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

homotopic
Pertaining to or occurring at the same place or part of the body. ... Origin: homo-+ G. Topos, place ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

homotransplantation
Synonym for allotransplantation ... Transplantation of an allograft. ... Synonym: homotransplantation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

homotropic
Referring to the binding of the same ligand to a macromolecule; e.g., the binding of four O2 to haemoglobin is homotropic cooperativity. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

homotropic effect
An effect where two identical ligands (small molecules) allosterically interact with each other. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

homotropic enzyme
<biochemistry> An allosteric enzyme that is modulated byits substrate. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

homotropism
The attraction of cells to other cells which are similar to them, or are of the same type. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

homotypic
Homotypical ... Of the same type or form; corresponding to the other one of two paired organs or parts. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

homotypic cortex
Synonym for isocortex ... O. And C. Vogt's term for the larger part of the mammalian cerebral cortex, distinguished from the allocortex by being composed of a larger number of nerve cells arranged in six layers. ... See: cerebral cortex. ... Synonym: homotypic cortex, neocortex, neopallium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

homovanillic acid
A test that measures the level of catecholamines or their metabolites in the urine. A 24 hour urine sample is necessary for this assay. Elevations may be seen in pheochromocytoma or neuroblastoma. Normal urine levels of adrenaline should be: 0.5 to 20 mcg/ml and normal urine levels of noradrenaline should be 15 to 80 mcg/ml. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

homovanillic acid test
A test for homovanillic acid based upon the fact that dopamine is present in sympathetic nervous tissue as precursor of norepinephrine; since norepinephrine has a metabolic pathway which yields homovanillic acid, tumours such as neuroblastomas and ganglioneuromas may cause elevations of urinary dopamine and homovanillic acid. ... Synonym: HVA test.< …

homozoic
Relating to the same animal or the same species of animal. ... Origin: homo-+ G. Zoikos, relating to an animal ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

homozygosity
Homozygosis ... The state of being homozygous. ... Origin: homo-+ G. Zygon, yoke ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

homozygote
Nucleus, cell or organism with identical alleles of one or more specific genes. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

homozygous
Containing two copies of the same allele. ... Compare: heterozygous ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

homozygous achondroplasia
A severe achondroplasia affecting progeny of two achondroplastic parents; usually fatal in the first year of life. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

homozygous by descent
Possessing two genes at a given locus that are descended from a single source, as may occur in consanguineous mating. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

homunculus
1. An exceedingly minute body which, according to the views of development held by medical scientists of the 16th and 17th centuries, was contained in a sex cell. From this preformed but infinitely small structure the human body was supposed to be developed. ... See: preformation theory, animalcule. ... 2. The figure of a human sometimes superimposed …

Honduras bark
Synonym for cascara amara ... The dried bark of a species of Picramnia (family Simarubaceae); used as a bitter tonic. ... Synonym: Honduras bark. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

honest
1. Decent; honorable; suitable; becoming. 'Belong what honest clothes you send forth to bleaching!' (Shak) ... 2. Characterised by integrity or fairness and straightforwardness in conduct, thought, speech, etc.; upright; just; equitable; trustworthy; truthful; sincere; free from fraud, guile, or duplicity; not false; said of persons and acts, and of …

honesty
1. Honor; honorableness; dignity; propriety; suitableness; decency. 'She derives her honesty and achieves her goodness.' (Shak) ... 2. The quality or state of being honest; probity; fairness and straightforwardness of conduct, speech, etc.; integrity; sincerity; truthfulness; freedom from fraud or guile. 'That we may lead a quiet and peaceable life …

honey
1. A sweet viscid fluid, especially. That collected by bees from flowers of plants, and deposited in the cells of the honeycomb. ... 2. That which is sweet or pleasant, like honey. 'The honey of his language.' (Shak) ... 3. Sweet one; a term of endearment. 'Honey, you shall be well desired in Cyprus.' (Shak) ... Honey is often used adjectively or as t …

honey urine
An obsolete term for diabetes mellitus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

honeybee
<zoology> Any bee of the genus Apis, which lives in communities and collects honey, especially. The common domesticated hive bee (Apis mellifica), the Italian bee (A. Ligustica), and the Arabiab bee (A. Fasciata). The two latter are by many entomologists considered only varieties of the common hive bee. Each swarm of bees consists of a large …

honeycomb
1. A mass of hexagonal waxen cells, formed by bees, and used by them to hold their honey and their eggs. ... 2. Any substance, as a easting of iron, a piece of worm-eaten wood, or of triple, etc, perforated with cells like a honeycomb. ... <anatomy> Honeycomb moth See Reticulum. ... Origin: AS. Hunigcamb. See Honey, and 1st Comb. ... Source: Webs …

honeycomb lung
<radiology> Mnemonic: honey and SPICE, sarcoid, pneumoconiosis, interstitial fibrosis, collagen-vascular disease, eosinophilic granuloma, ** see also: interstitial lung disease, honeycombing ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

honeycomb macula
Oedema of the macular region of the retina. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

honeycomb pattern
Dense, slightly irregular circular shadows, most common next to the pleura at the lung base, on chest radiographs or CT; caused by chronic interstitial fibrosis of diverse causes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

honeycombing
<radiology> Better mnemonic: H: histiocytosis X, O: occupational disease (pneumoconiosis, farmer's lung), N: neurofibromatosis, E: extrinsic allergic alveolitis, Y: idiopathic, C: collagen vascular disease, O: oh no, M: medicines, B: bronchiectasis, S: sarcoid, ** see honeycomb lung ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

honeysuckle
<botany> One of several species of flowering plants, much admired for their beauty, and some for their fragrance. ... The honeysuckles are properly species of the genus Lonicera; as, L. Caprifolium, and L. Japonica, the commonly cultivated fragrant kinds; L. Periclymenum, the fragrant woodbine of England; L. Grata, the American woodbine, and L …

hong kong
The former british crown colony located off the southeast coast of china, comprised of hong kong island, kowloon peninsula, and new territories. The three sites were ceded to the british by the chinese respectively in 1841, 1860, and 1898. Hong kong reverted to china in july 1997. The name represents the cantonese pronunciation of the chinese xiang …

Hong Kong foot
Synonym for tinea pedis ... Tinea involving the feet, particularly the interdigital spaces and soles, most often caused by Trichophyton rubrum, T. Mentagrophytes or Epidermophyton floccosum and characterised by intensely pruritic lesions varying from mild, chronic and scaling to acute exfoliative, pustular and bullous. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

Hong Kong influenza
Influenza caused by a serotype of influenza virus type A and first identified in Hong Kong. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Hong Kong toe
Synonym for tinea pedis ... Tinea involving the feet, particularly the interdigital spaces and soles, most often caused by Trichophyton rubrum, T. Mentagrophytes or Epidermophyton floccosum and characterised by intensely pruritic lesions varying from mild, chronic and scaling to acute exfoliative, pustular and bullous. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

honor
1. Esteem due or paid to worth; high estimation; respect; consideration; reverence; veneration; manifestation of respect or reverence. 'A prophet is not without honor, save in his own country.' (Matt. Xiii. 57) ... 2. That which rightfully attracts esteem, respect, or consideration; self-respect; dignity; courage; fidelity; especially, excellence of …

hood
1. State; condition. 'How could thou ween, through that disguised hood To hide thy state from being understood?' (Spenser) ... 2. A covering or garment for the head or the head and shoulders, often attached to the body garment; especially: A soft covering for the head, worn by women, which leaves only the face exposed. ... A part of a monk's outer ga …

hooded
1. Covered with a hood. ... 2. Furnished with a hood or something like a hood. ... 3. Hood-shaped; especially. ... <botany> Rolled up like a cornet of paper; cuculate, as the spethe of the Indian turnip. ... 4. <zoology> Having the head conspicuously different in colour from the rest of the plumage; said of birds. Having a hoodlike crest or …

hooded prepuce
Incomplete circumferential formation of foreskin with a dorsal component (the dorsal hood) but an absent or incomplete ventral portion. Typically seen in boys with hypospadias or isolated chordee. In the rare condition of epispadias, the hooded portional prepuce may be ventral. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hoof
Origin: OE. Hof, AS. Hof; akin to D. Hoef, G1huf, OHG. Huof, Icel. Hofr, Sw. Hof, Dan. Hov; cf. Russ. Kopuito, Skr. Capha. ... 1. The horny substance or case that covers or terminates the feet of certain animals, as horses, oxen, etc. 'On burnished hooves his war horse trode.' (Tennyson) ... 2. A hoofed animal; a beast. 'Our cattle also shall go with …

hoof-and-mouth disease
An obsolete term for foot-and-mouth disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hook
Basal portion of bacterial flagellum, to which is distally attached the flagellin filament. Proximally the hook is attached to the rotating spindle of the motor. In some bacteria (Myxobacteria) the rotation of the hook itself (without an attached flagellum) may directly cause forward gliding movement. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

hook of hamate bone
A hooklike process on the distal and medial part of the palmar surface of the hamate bone. ... Synonym: hamulus ossis hamati. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hook of spiral lamina
Synonym for hamulus of spiral lamina ... The upper hooklike termination of the bony spiral lamina at the apex of the cochlea. ... Synonym: hamulus laminae spiralis, hamulus cochleae, hook of spiral lamina. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hook-shaped cataract
Congenital cataract with hook-like figures between the foetal and embryonic nuclei. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Hooke, Robert
<person> British experimental physicist, 1635-1703. ... See: hookean behaviour, Hooke's law. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Hooke's law
The stress applied to stretch or compress a body is proportional to the strain, or change in length thus produced, so long as the limit of elasticity of the body is not exceeded. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hookean behaviour
The behaviour of a perfectly elastic body; i.e., the strain is directly proportional to the stress. ... See: Hooke's law. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hooked bone
Synonym for hamate bone ... The bone on the medial (ulnar) side of the distal row of the carpus; it articulates with the fourth and fifth metacarpal, triquetral, lunate, and capitate. ... Synonym: os hamatum, hamatum, hooked bone, unciform bone, unciforme, uncinatum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hooked bundle of Russell
Synonym for uncinate bundle of Russell ... Fastigial efferent fibres that cross with the cerebellum and descend over the lateral surface of the superior cerebellar peduncle; these fibres largely terminate in the vestibular nuclei and the reticular formation of the pons and medulla. ... Synonym: hooked bundle of Russell, uncinate fasciculus of Russell …

hooked fasciculus
Synonym for unciform fasciculus ... A band of long association fibres reciprocally connecting the frontal and temporal lobes of the cerebrum, running caudally through the white matter of the frontal lobe, sharply curving ventrally under the stem of the sylvian fissure, and then fanning out to the cortex of the anterior half of the superior and middl …

Hooker-Forbes test
A test for compounds with progestational activity; such compounds cause hypertrophy of the stromal nuclei of the endometrium in uteri obtained from spayed mice; a sensitive test capable of detecting 0.0002 ug of progesterone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Hooker, Charles
<person> ... See: Hooker-Forbes test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...