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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197
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HOCA<abbreviation> High osmolar contrast agent. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Hoche, Alfred<person> German psychiatrist. ... Lived: 1865-1943. ... See: Hoche's bundle, Hoche's tract. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Hoche's bundleSynonym for semilunar fasciculus ... A compact bundle composed of descending branches of posterior root fibres located near the border between the fasciculi gracilis and cuneatus of the cervical and thoracic spinal cord; it corresponds to the septomarginal fasciculus, Hoche's tract, or oval area of Flechsig in the lumbar, and to the triangle of Phil …
Hoche's tractSynonym for semilunar fasciculus ... A compact bundle composed of descending branches of posterior root fibres located near the border between the fasciculi gracilis and cuneatus of the cervical and thoracic spinal cord; it corresponds to the septomarginal fasciculus, Hoche's tract, or oval area of Flechsig in the lumbar, and to the triangle of Phil …
hock<veterinary> The tarsus in the horse and other quadrupeds; the joint of the hind limb between the stifle and the fetlock; corresponds to the ankle in humans. ... Origin: O.E. Hoh, heel ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
HOCM<abbreviation> ... 1. high osmolar contrast medium. ... 2. hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy. ... (21 Jun 2000) ...
Hodge, Hugh<person> U.S. Gynecologist, 1796-1873. ... See: Hodge's pessary. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Hodge's pessary<gynaecology> A double-curve oblong pessary employed for the correction of retrodeviations of the uterus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Hodgen splint<orthopaedics> A suspension leg splint for fractures of the middle or lower end of the femur; it provides support for traction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Hodgen, John<person> U.S. Surgeon, 1826-1882. ... See: Hodgen splint. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Hodgkin-Key murmur<cardiology, clinical sign> A musical diastolic murmur associated with retroversion of an aortic cusp; often very loud. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Hodgkin, Alan<person> British physiologist and Nobel laureate, *1914. ... See: Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz equation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Hodgkin, Thomas<person> British physician, 1798-1866. ... See: Hodgkin's disease, Hodgkin-Key murmur, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Hodgkin's disease<haematology, oncology> A human malgnant disorder of lymph tissue (lymphoma) that appears to originate in a particular lymph node and later spreads to the spleen, liver and bone marrow. It occurs mostly in individuals between the ages of 15 and 35. It is characterised by progressive, painless enlargement of the lymph nodes, spleen and general …
Hodgkin's lymphomaSynonym for Hodgkin's disease ... <haematology, oncology> A human malgnant disorder of lymph tissue (lymphoma) that appears to originate in a particular lymph node and later spreads to the spleen, liver and bone marrow. It occurs mostly in individuals between the ages of 15 and 35. It is characterised by progressive, painless enlargement of th …
Hodgson, Joseph<person> British physician, 1788-1869. ... See: Hodgson's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
hodograph<mathematics> A curve described by the moving extremity of a line the other end of which is fixed, this line being constantly parallel to the direction of motion of, and having its length constantly proportional to the velocity of, a point moving in any path; -used in investigations respecting central forces. ... Origin: Gr. Path + graph. ... S …
hodoneuromere<embryology> An obsolete term for a metameric segment of the neural tube with its pair of nerves and their branches. ... Origin: G. Hodos, path, + neuron, nerve, + meros, part ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
hodophobia<psychology> Morbid fear of traveling. ... Origin: G. Hodos, path, + phobos, fear ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
hoe1. A tool chiefly for digging up weeds, and arranging the earth about plants in fields and gardens. It is made of a flat blade of iron or steel having an eye or tang by which it is attached to a wooden handle at an acute angle. ... 2. <zoology> The horned or piked dogfish. See Dogfish. Dutch hoe, one having the blade set for use in the manner …
hoe excavatorA single-beveled dental excavator, with the blade at an angle to the axis of the handle and the cutting edge perpendicular to the plane of the angle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
hoe scalerA hoe-shaped scaler with a very short blade. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
hoe-33258<chemical> 2-(2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-benzimidazolyl)-6-(1-methyl-4-piperazyl)-benzimidazole trihydrochloride. A benzimidazole antifilarial agent; it is fluorescent when it binds to certain nucleotides in DNA, thus providing a tool for the study of DNA replication; it also interferes with mitosis. ... Pharmacological action: filaricides, fluores …
Hoechst 33258<chemical> A fluorescent dye that is a specific stain for DNA and can therefore be used to visualise chromosomes and to monitor animal cell cultures for contamination by microorganisms such as mycoplasma. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
Hoechst 33342<chemical> A fluorescent dye that is a specific stain for DNA and is often used to stain the functioning vasculature in in vivo models. The dye is injected intravenously and the tumour excised 1 minute later. ... (05 May 1997) ...
Hoeppli, Reinhard<person> German parasitologist, *1893. ... See: Splendore-Hoeppli phenomenon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
hofThe hollow in the cytoplasm of a cell that lodges the nucleus. ... Origin: Ger. Court ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Hofbauer cellA large cell in the connective tissue of the chorionic villi; it appears to be a type of phagocyte. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Hofbauer, J Isfred<person> U.S. Gynecologist, 1878-1961. ... See: Hofbauer cell. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Hoffa, Albert<person> German surgeon, 1859-1908. ... See: Hoffa's operation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Hoffa's operationIn congenital dislocation of the hip, hollowing out the acetabulum and reduction of the head of the femur after severing the muscles inserted into the upper portion of the bone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Hoffman, August Wilhelm<person> German chemist, 1818-1892. ... See: Frei-Hoffmann reaction, Hoffman's violet. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Hoffmann, Freidrich<person> German physician, 1660-1742. Professor of Anatomy and Surgery at Halle, noted for clinical observations of a variety of infectious diseases. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Hoffmann, Johann<person> German neurologist, 1857-1919. ... See: Hoffmann's muscular atrophy, Hoffmann's phenomenon, Hoffmann's reflex, Hoffmann's sign, Werdnig-Hoffmann disease, Werdnig-Hoffmann muscular atrophy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Hoffmann, Moritz<person> German anatomist, 1622-1698. ... See: Hoffmann's duct. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Hoffmann's ductSynonym for pancreatic duct ... The excretory duct of the pancreas that extends through the gland from tail to head where it empties into the duodenum at the greater duodenal papilla. ... Synonym: ductus pancreaticus, Hoffmann's duct, Wirsung's canal, Wirsung's duct. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Hoffmann's muscular atrophySynonym for infantile spinal muscular atrophy ... Transmitted as autosomal recessive on chromosome 5q. Progressive dysfunction of the anterior horn cells in the spinal cord and brainstem cranial nerves with profound weakness and bulbar dysfunction occurring in the first two years of life. Three groups, based on age of clinical onset, are recognised. …
Hoffmann's phenomenonExcessive irritability of the sensory nerves to electrical or mechanical stimuli in tetany. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Hoffmann's reflexSynonym for Hoffmann's sign ... <clinical sign> In latent tetany mild mechanical stimulation of the trigeminal nerve causes severe pain, flexion of the terminal phalanx of the thumb and of the second and third phalanges of one or more of the fingers when the volar surface of the terminal phalanx of the fingers is flicked. ... Synonym: digital r …
Hoffmann's sign<clinical sign> In latent tetany mild mechanical stimulation of the trigeminal nerve causes severe pain, flexion of the terminal phalanx of the thumb and of the second and third phalanges of one or more of the fingers when the volar surface of the terminal phalanx of the fingers is flicked. ... Synonym: digital reflex, Hoffmann's reflex, snapp …
Hofmann, Georg von<person> Austrian bacteriologist, 1843-1890. ... See: Hofmann's bacillus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Hofmann's bacillusSynonym for Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum ... <bacteria> A nonpathogenic species found in normal throats. ... Synonym: Hofmann's bacillus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Hofmeister gastrectomy<procedure> Hofmeister's operation in which a portion of the stomach is removed and a retrocolic gastrojejunostomy is constructed in an end-to-side fashion to only the greater curvature portion of the transected stomach. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Hofmeister series<chemistry> The series of cations Magnesium, Calcium, Sr2+, Ba2+, Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, Cs+, and of anions citrate3-, tartrate2-, SO42-, acetate-, NO3-, CIO3-, I-, CNS- (among others). ... Each series is arranged in order of decreasing ability to: 1) precipitate the dispersed substance of lyophilic soltions; 2) 'salt out' organic substances (e.g. …
Hofmeister-Polya anastomosisMore specifically see Hofmeister's operation, Polya's operation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Hofmeister, Franz<person> German biochemist, 1850-1922. ... See: Hofmeister series, Hofmeister gastrectomy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Hofmeister, Franz von<person> German surgeon, 1867-1926. ... See: Hofmeister's operation, Hofmeister-Polyaanastomosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Hofmeister's operationPartial gastrectomy with closure of a portion of the lesser curvature and retrocolic anastomosis of the remainder to jejunum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
hog1. <zoology> A quadruped of the genus Sus, and allied genera of Suidae; especially, the domesticated varieties of S. Scrofa, kept for their fat and meat, called, respectively, lard and pork; swine; porker; specifically, a castrated boar; a barrow. ... The domestic hogs of Siam, China, and parts of Southern Europe, are thought to have been deri …
hog choleraAn acute, highly contagious disease affecting swine of all ages and caused by the hog cholera virus. It has a sudden onset with high morbidity and mortality. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
hog cholera vaccinesVaccine's either of virus from blood of infected swine, inactivated with crystal violet, or live virus attenuated in rabbits or tissue culture and frequently used in conjunction with hog cholera virus antiserum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
hog cholera virusA species of the pestivirus genus causing exceedingly contagious and fatal haemorrhagic disease of swine. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
hog fuel(hogged fuel) Wood residues processed through a chipper or mill to produce coarse chips normally used for fuel. Bark, sawdust, planer shavings, wood chunks, dirt, and fines may be included. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...
Hogben numberUnique personal identifying number constructed by using a sequence of digits for birth date, sex, birthplace, and other identifiers; invented by and named for Lancelot Hogben, British mathematician; Hogben numbers are the basis for identification numbers in many primary care facilities and are used in many record linkage systems. ... (05 Mar 2000)
Hogben, Lawrence
<person> British mathematician, *1895. ... See: Hogben number. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Hogness box
Synonym for TATA box ... <molecular biology> A consensus sequence found in the promoter region of most genes transcribed by eukaryotic RNA polymerase II. Found about 25 nucleotides before the site of initiation of transcription and has the consensus sequence: 5' TATAAAA 3'. This sequence seems to be important in determining accurately the posi …
Hogness, D
<person> U.S. Molecular biologist, *1925. ... See: Grunstein-Hogness assay, Hogness box. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
holandric
<genetics> Refers to genes that are transmitted solely through male descent, in humans, holandric genes are located on the Y chromosome. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
holandric gene
Synonym for Y-linked gene ... A gene located on a Y chromosome. ... Synonym: holandric gene. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
holandric inheritance
Synonym for y-linked inheritance ... Inheritance by genes on the y chromosome. Also called holandric inheritance. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
holandry
<genetics> Inheritance of characters borne on the male chromosome and therefore only expressed in the male. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
holarthritic
Relating to holarthritis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
holarthritis
Inflammation of all or a great number of the joints. ... Origin: G. Holos, entire, + arthron, joint, + -itis, inflammation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
hold
In general, to keep one's self in a given position or condition; to remain fixed. Hence: ... 1. Not to more; to halt; to stop;-mostly in the imperative. 'And damned be him that first cries, 'Hold, enough!'' (Shak) ... 2. Not to give way; not to part or become separated; to remain unbroken or unsubdued. 'Our force by land hath nobly held.' (Shak) ... 3 …
Holden, Luther
<person> English anatomist, 1815-1905. ... See: Holden's line. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Holden's line
The crease or furrow of the skin of the groin caused by flexion of the thigh. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
holdfast
1. Something used to secure and hold in place something else, as a long fiat-headed nail, a catch a hook, a clinch, a clamp, etc.; hence, a support. 'His holdfast was gone.' ... 2. <botany> A conical or branching body, by which a seaweed is attached to its support, and differing from a root in that it is not specially absorbent of moisture. …
hole
1. A hollow place or cavity; an excavation; a pit; an opening in or through a solid body, a fabric, etc.; a perforation; a rent; a fissure. 'The holes where eyes should be.' (Shak) 'The blind walls Were full of chinks and holes.' (Tennyson) 'The priest took a chest, and bored a hole in the lid.' (2 Kings xii. 9) ... 2. An excavation in the ground, m …
hole in retina
A break in the continuity of the sensory retina, permitting separation between the retinal pigment epithelium and sensory retina. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
holiday heart syndrome
<syndrome> Arrhythmias of the heart, sometimes apparent after a vacation or weekend away from work, following excessive alcohol consumption; usually transient. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
holiday syndrome
<syndrome> Regression, development of diffuse anxiety, feelings of helplessness, irritability, and depression; said to occur in certain psychoanalytic patients before Thanksgiving and continuing into the Christmas holiday season, ending a few days after January 1. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
holidays
Days commemorating events. Holidays also include vacation periods. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
holism
1. The principle that an organism, or one of its actions, is not equal to merely the sum of its parts but must be perceived or studied as a whole. ... 2. The approach to the study of a psychological phenomenon through the analysis of a phenomenon as a complete entity in itself. ... Compare: atomism. ... Origin: G. Holos, entire ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
holistic
Pertaining to the characteristics of holism or holistic psychologies. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
holistic health
Health as viewed from the perspective that man and other organisms function as complete, integrated units rather than as aggregates of separate parts. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
holistic medicine
Various systems of health protection and restoration, both traditional and modern, that are reputedly based on the bodys natural healing powers, the various ways the different tissues affect each other and the influence of the external environment. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
holistic nursing
A philosophy of nursing practice that takes into account total patient care, considering the physical, emotional, social, economic, and spiritual needs of patients, their response to their illnesses, and the effect of illness on patients' abilities to meet self-care needs. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
holistic psychology
Any psychologic system which postulates that the human mind or any mental process must be studied as a unit; e.g., gestaltism, existential psychology. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Holl, Moritz
<person> Austrian surgeon, 1852-1920. ... See: Holl's ligament. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Holl's ligament
<anatomy> Ligament joining the corpora cavernosa clitoridis in front of the urinary meatus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Hollander test
Synonym for insulin hypoglycaemia test ... A test to determine the completeness of vagotomy for peptic ulcer; after the surgical procedure is performed, insulin is administered to cause hypoglycaemia; if vagotomy is complete, the acid output from the stomach following administration of insulin is less than that before insulin administration; if the …
Hollander, Franklin
<person> U.S. Physiologist, 1899-1966. ... See: Hollander test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Hollenhorst plaques
Glittering, orange-yellow, atheromatous emboli in the retinal arterioles that contain cholesterol crystals and originate in the carotid artery or great vessels. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Hollenhorst, Robert
<person> U.S. Ophthalmologist, *1913. ... See: Hollenhorst plaques. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Holliday junction
<molecular biology> A structure which occurs during homologous recombination between homologous chromosomes. While the two chromosomes are side by side, one strand of DNA on each chromosome is broken and then attached to the broken strand of DNA on the other chromosome. The crossover point, which is called the Holliday junction, is able to sl …
Holliday structure
Synonym for Holliday junction ... <molecular biology> A structure which occurs during homologous recombination between homologous chromosomes. While the two chromosomes are side by side, one strand of DNA on each chromosome is broken and then attached to the broken strand of DNA on the other chromosome. The crossover point, which is called the …
Holliday, R
<person> ... See: Holliday junction, Holliday structure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
hollow
1. A cavity, natural or artificial; an unfilled space within anything; a hole, a cavern; an excavation; as the hollow of the hand or of a tree. ... 2. A low spot surrounded by elevations; a depressed part of a surface; a concavity; a channel. 'Forests grew Upon the barren hollows.' (Prior) 'I hate the dreadful hollow behind the little wood.' (Tennys …
hollow back
Synonym for lordosis ... Accentuation of the lumbar curvature of the spine. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...
hollow bone
Synonym for pneumatic bone ... A bone that is hollow or contains many air cells, such as the mastoid process of the temporal bone. ... Synonym: os pneumaticum, hollow bone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
hollow fibre reactor
A fermentation system in which the cells are separated from the medium using semipermeable membranes arranged in the form of hollow fibres. ... (14 Nov 1997) ...
hollow wall
Synonym for seedy toe ... A condition of the hoof wall in the toe region of horses, characterised by loss of substance and change in character of the horn, most often as a sequela of mild chronic laminitis. ... Synonym: dystrophia ungulae, hollow wall. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
holly
1. <botany> A tree or shrub of the genus Ilex. The European species (Ilex Aguifolium) is best known, having glossy green leaves, with a spiny, waved edge, and bearing berries that turn red or yellow about Michaelmas. ... The holly is much used to adorn churches and houses, at Christmas time, and hence is associated with scenes of good will and …
holm
<botany> A common evergreen oak, of Europe (Quercus Ilex). ... Synonym: ilex, and holly. ... Origin: OE, prob. From AS. Holen holly; as the holly is also called holm. See Holly. ... 1. An islet in a river. ... 2. Low, flat land. 'The soft wind blowing over meadowy holms. ... <zoology>' (Tennyson) Holm thrush, the missel thrush. ... Origin: AS …
Holmes heart
A variant of double inlet left ventricle where the ventricular-arterial connection is concordant and the right ventricle is rudimentary. ... Horizontal heart, description of the heart's electrical position; recognised in the electrocardiogram when the QRS in lead aVL resembles that in V6 and QRS in aVF resembles that in V1; also, loosely, when the e …
Holmes-Adie pupil
Synonym for Adie syndrome ... <syndrome> A condition manifested by usually one tonic pupil with absent tendon reflexes. ... An idiopathic postganglionic denervation of the parasympathetically innervated intraocular muscles, usually complicated by signs of aberrant regeneration of these nerves: a weak light reaction with segmental palsy of iris …
Holmes-Adie syndrome
Synonym for Adie syndrome ... <syndrome> A condition manifested by usually one tonic pupil with absent tendon reflexes. ... An idiopathic postganglionic denervation of the parasympathetically innervated intraocular muscles, usually complicated by signs of aberrant regeneration of these nerves: a weak light reaction with segmental palsy of iris …
Holmes, Oliver Wendell
<person> American physician, identified the mode of spread and control of puerperal fever, thus saving innumerable young women's lives. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Holmes, Sir Gordon
<person> English neurologist, 1876-1965. ... See: Holmes-Adie pupil, Holmes-Adie syndrome, Stewart-Holmes sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Holmes, Thomas
<person> U.S. Psychiatrist, *1918. ... See: Holmes-Rahe questionnaire. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
