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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

hip-flexion phenomenon
When a hemiplegic attempts to rise from a lying posture, the hip on the paralysed side is flexed first; the same movement takes place on lying down. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hipberries
Synonym for rose hips ... <botany> The fleshy, light coloured fruit of the rose. Rose hips are an extremely rich source of vitamin C, approximately 120 times as rich as oranges. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

Hippel
Eugen von. ... See: von Hippel. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hippel-lindau disease
A syndrome transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait and characterised chiefly by angiomata of the retina and haemangioblastoma of the cerebellum and walls of the fourth ventricle. Ocular complications are often present, as are haemangiomas of the spinal cord, face, and other sites. Symptoms may not be apparent until the third decade in life. ... ( …

Hippelates
The eye gnats, a genus of flies in the family Chloropidae (fruit flies) that are attracted to the body secretions and fluids of animals and man, particularly those in the eyes. Hippelates is suspected of transmitting certain types of conjunctivitis (such as pinkeye), bovine mastitis, and yaws (frambesia tropica). ... Origin: G. Hippelates, driver of …

Hippoboscidae
A family of winged and wingless flies (order Diptera) that are parasitic on birds and mammals; it includes the genera Hippobosca and Melophagus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hippocalcin
<protein> Calcium binding protein related to recoverin. Found exclusively in pyramidal cells of the hippocampus. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

hippocampal commissure
Synonym for commissura fornicis ... The triangular subcallosal plate of commissural fibres resulting from the converging of the right and left fornix bundles which exchange numerous fibres and which curve back in the contralateral fornix to end in the hippocampus of the opposite side. ... Synonym: commissura hippocampi, commissure of fornix, delta fo …

hippocampal convolution
Synonym for parahippocampal gyrus ... A long convolution on the medial surface of the temporal lobe, forming the lower part of the fornicate gyrus, extending from behind the splenium corporis callosi forward along the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus from which it is demarcated by the hippocampal fissure. The anterior extreme of the gyrus curves bac …

hippocampal fissure
Synonym for hippocampal sulcus ... A shallow groove between the dentate gyrus and the parahippocampal gyrus; the remains of a fissure extending deep into the hippocampus between Ammon's horn and the dentate gyrus which becomes obliterated during foetal development. ... Synonym: sulcus hippocampi, dentate fissure, fissura dentata, fissura hippocampi, …

hippocampal gyrus
Synonym for parahippocampal gyrus ... A long convolution on the medial surface of the temporal lobe, forming the lower part of the fornicate gyrus, extending from behind the splenium corporis callosi forward along the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus from which it is demarcated by the hippocampal fissure. The anterior extreme of the gyrus curves bac …

hippocampal sclerosis
A loss of cortical neurons and a reactive astrocytosis in the hippocampal regions of some persons with epilepsy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hippocampal sulcus
A shallow groove between the dentate gyrus and the parahippocampal gyrus; the remains of a fissure extending deep into the hippocampus between Ammon's horn and the dentate gyrus which becomes obliterated during foetal development. ... Synonym: sulcus hippocampi, dentate fissure, fissura dentata, fissura hippocampi, hippocampal fissure. ... (05 Mar 20 …

hippocampus
<anatomy> Area of mammallian brain and an important preparation for the study of synaptic plasticity. The hippocampus has been known since the 1950s to be important for long term memory storage in humans and other mammals, it is essential for initial storing of long-term memory for a period of days to weeks before the memory trace is consolid …

hippocampus major
Synonym for hippocampus ... <anatomy> Area of mammallian brain and an important preparation for the study of synaptic plasticity. The hippocampus has been known since the 1950s to be important for long term memory storage in humans and other mammals, it is essential for initial storing of long-term memory for a period of days to weeks before t …

hippocampus minor
Synonym for calcar avis ... The lower of two elevations on the medial wall of the posterior horn of the lateral ventricle of the brain, caused by the depth of the calcarine sulcus. ... Synonym: Haller's unguis, hippocampus minor, minor hippocampus, Morand's spur, unguis avis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Hippocrates of Cos
Greek physician, called the 'Father of Medicine,' circa 460-377 B.C. ... See: hippocratic facies, hippocratic fingers, hippocratic nails, school, succussion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hippocratic face
Synonym for hippocratic facies ... Facies hippocratica, a pinched expression of the face, with sunken eyes, concavity of cheeks and temples, relaxed lips, and leaden complexion; observed in one close to death after severe and prolonged illness. ... Synonym: hippocratic face. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hippocratic facies
Facies hippocratica, a pinched expression of the face, with sunken eyes, concavity of cheeks and temples, relaxed lips, and leaden complexion; observed in one close to death after severe and prolonged illness. ... Synonym: hippocratic face. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hippocratic fingers
See: clubbing. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hippocratic nails
The coarse curved nail's capping clubbed digits (hippocratic fingers). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hippocratic oath
The oath which all medical doctors take upon graduation from medical school, during commencement, on the duties, obligations, and ethics of those who practice medicine. The oath is attributed to Hippocrates of Cos, a Greek physician known as the father of medicine. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

hippocratic school
The followers of the teachings of Hippocrates. ... See: dogmatic school. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hippocratic succussion sound
A splashing sound elicited by shaking a patient with hydro-or pyopneumothorax, the physician's ear being applied to the chest. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hippocratism
A system of medicine, attributed to Hippocrates and his disciples, based on the imitation of nature's processes in the therapeutic management of disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hippopotamus
Origin: L, from Gr.; horse + river. Cf. Equine. ... <zoology> A large, amphibious, herbivorous mammal (Hippopotamus amphibius), common in the rivers of Africa. It is allied to the hogs, and has a very thick, naked skin, a thick and square head, a very large muzzle, small eyes and ears, thick and heavy body, and short legs. It is supposed to be …

hippurate
A salt or ester of hippuric acid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hippuria
The excretion of an abnormally large amount of hippuric acid in the urine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hippuric
<physiology> Obtained from the urine of horses; as, hippuric acid. Hippuric acid, a white crystalline substance, containing nitrogen, present in the urine of herbivorous animals, and in small quantity in human urine. By the action of acids, it is decomposed into benzoic acid and glycocoll. ... Origin: Gr. Horse + rine: cf. F. Hippurique. ... So …

hippuric acid
N-Benzoylglycine;a detoxification and excretory product of benzoate found in the urine of man and many herbivorous animals; used therapeutically in the form of its salts (hippurates of calcium and ammonium). ... Origin: G. Hippos, horse, + ouron, urine ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hippuricase
Synonym for aminoacylase ... <enzyme> An enzyme catalyzing hydrolysis of a wide variety of N-acyl amino acids to the corresponding amino acid and an acid anion. ... Synonym: benzamide, dehydropeptidase II, hippuricase, histozyme. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hippuryl-L-lysine hydrolase
<enzyme> Cleaves basic c-terminal amino acids and hydrolyses hippuryl-l-lysine ... Registry number: EC 3.4.12.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

hippus
Intermittent pupillary dilation and constriction, independent of illumination, convergence, or psychic stimuli. ... Origin: G. Hippos, horse, from a fancied suggestion of galloping movements ... Respiratory hippus, dilation of the pupils occurring during forced, voluntary inspiration, and contraction during expiration. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Hirano bodies
Paracrystalline inclusions found in the brain of patients with neurodegenerative disorders. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

hirci
Plural of hircus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hircismus
Offensive odour of the axillae. ... Origin: L. Hircus, goat ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hircus
1. The odour of the axillae. ... 2. One of the hairs growing in the axillae. ... Synonym: tragus. ... Origin: L. He-goat ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hire
1. To procure (any chattel or estate) from another person, for temporary use, for a compensation or equivalent; to purchase the use or enjoyment of for a limited time; as, to hire a farm for a year; to hire money. ... 2. To engage or purchase the service, labour, or interest of (any one) for a specific purpose, by payment of wages; as, to hire a ser …

Hirsch-Peiffer stain
<technique> A stain used for cytologic demonstration staining of metachromatic leukodystrophy; excess sulfatides stain metachromatically (golden brown) with cresyl violet in acetic acid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Hirschberg
Julius, German ophthalmologist, 1843-1925. ... See: Hirschberg's method. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Hirschberg's method
A method of measuring the amount of deviation of a strabismic eye, by observing the reflection of a light fixated by the straight eye on the cornea of the deviating eye. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Hirschfeld
Isador, U.S. Dentist, 1881-1965. ... See: Hirschfeld's canals. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Hirschfeld's canals
Synonym for interdental canals ... Canal's that extend vertically through alveolar bone between roots of mandibular and maxillary incisor and maxillary bicuspid teeth. ... Synonym: Hirschfeld's canals. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Hirschowitz syndrome
<syndrome> Acanthosis nigricans associated with hypovitaminosis; responds well to topical retinoic acid therapy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Hirschsprung, Harald
<person> Danish physician, 1830-1916. ... See: Hirschsprung's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Hirschsprung's disease
<disease> A congenital condition which results in an enlarged and poorly functioning colon due to abnormal intestinal motility. These patients are at risk for intestinal obstruction. Constipation, vomiting, abdominal distention, poor weight gain, a retarded growth are common. Treatment include the use of a temporary colostomy with later resec …

hirsute
<dermatology> Bearing coarse, rough, longish hairs. ... Compare: villous. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

hirsuties
Synonym for hirsutism ... <clinical sign, dermatology> Abnormal hairiness, especially an adult male pattern of hair distribution in women. ... Compare: hypertrichosis. ... Origin: Mod. L. Fr. L. Hirsutus, shaggy ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

hirsutism
<clinical sign, dermatology> Abnormal hairiness, especially an adult male pattern of hair distribution in women. ... Compare: hypertrichosis. ... Origin: Mod. L. Fr. L. Hirsutus, shaggy ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

hirt extraction
<molecular biology, technique> The Hirt extraction is a lab technique used to separate the DNA of a virus from the DNA of its host cell. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

hirudicide
<pharmacology> An agent that kills leeches. ... Origin: L. Hirudo, leech, + caedo, to kill ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hirudin
<protein> The substance secreted by leeches which prevents blood from clotting. Hirudin is used by the leeches while they feed on blood from their victims. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

hirudiniasis
<disease> A condition resulting from leeches attaching themselves to the skin or being taken into the mouth or nose while drinking. ... Origin: L. Hirudo, leech, + G. -iasis, condition ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hirudinization
1. The process of rendering the blood noncoagulable by the injection of hirudin. ... 2. The application of leeches. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Hirudo medicinalis
The medicinal leech. The CNS of this annelid contains a relatively small number of large, identifiable cells. This has made the leech, like the molluscs Aplysia and Helisoma, a chosen preparation for studying nervous system mechanisms at the cellular level. Related species of leeches are the organism of choice for cellular and molecular genetic stu …

his
1. Belonging or pertaining to him; used as a pronominal adjective or adjective pronoun; as, tell John his papers are ready; formerly used also for its, but this use is now obsolete. 'No comfortable star did lend his light.' (Shak) 'Who can impress the forest, bid the tree Unfix his earth-bound root?' (Shak) ... Also formerly used in connection with …

His bundle electrogram
An electrogram recorded from the His bundle, either in the experimental animal or in man during cardiac catheterization. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

his bundle electrography
<investigation> This test studies the electrical activity of the bundle of HIS. The bundle of HIS is a group of electrical fibres in the heart that are responsible for transmitting the electrical impulses which generate a normal cardiac contraction. This test may be performed in cases of cardiac arrhythmias, to locate a specific area responsi …

his bundle studies
<cardiology> This test studies the electrical activity of the bundle of HIS. ... The bundle of HIS is a group of electrical fibres in the heart that are responsible for transmitting the electrical impulses which generate a normal cardiac contraction. This test may be performed in cases of cardiac arrhythmias, to locate a specific area responsi …

his operon
<molecular biology> An operon which governs the synthesis of the amino acid histidine out of ATP and phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate. The his operon was first observed in and described for the bacteria Salmonella typhinurium. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

His-Tawara system
The complex system of interlacing Purkinje fibres within the ventricular myocardium. ... See: conducting system of heart. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

His, Wilhelm Jr
<person> German physician, 1863-1934. ... See: His' band, His' bundle, His bundle electrogram, His' spindle, Kent-His bundle, His-Tawara system. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

His, Wilhelm Sr
<person> Swiss anatomist and embryologist in Germany, 1831-1904. ... See: His' copula, His' line, His' rule, His' perivascular space, isthmus of His. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

His' band
Synonym for atrioventricular bundle ... The bundle of modified cardiac muscle fibres that begins at the atrioventricular node as the trunk of the atrioventricular bundle and passes through the right atrioventricular fibrous ring to the membranous part of the interventricular septum where the trunk divides into two branches, the right crus of the atr …

His' copula
Synonym for hypobranchial eminence ... <anatomy> A median elevation in the floor of the embryonic pharynx caudal to the tuberculum impar. ... It merges laterally with the ventral part of the second and third branchial arches, and in later development is incorporated in the root of the tongue. ... Synonym: copula linguae, His' copula. ... (05 Mar …

His' line
A line extending from the tip of the anterior nasal spine (acanthion) to the hindmost point on the posterior margin of the foramen magnum (opisthion), dividing the face into an upper and a lower, or dental part. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

His' perivascular space
Synonym for Virchow-Robin space ... A tunnel-like extension of the subarachnoid space surrounding blood vessels that pass into the brain or spinal cord from the subarachnoid space; the lining of the channel is composed of pia and glial feet of astrocytes; a continuation of the space around capillaries and nerve cells probably does not occur. ... Syno …

His' rule
The duration of pregnancy is calculated from the first day of the first omitted menstrual period; obsolete. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

His' spindle
Synonym for aortic spindle ... A fusiform dilation of the aorta immediately beyond the isthmus. ... Synonym: His' spindle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hisactophilin
<protein> Actin binding protein (13.5 kD) from Dictyostelium discoideum. Promotes F actin polymerisation and binds to microfilament bundles but is very pH sensitive as a result of having 31 histidine residues in a total of 118. Structure (though not sequence) very similar to FGF and IL-1. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

hispanic americans
Persons living in the united states of mexican (mexican americans), puerto rican, cuban, central or south american, or other spanish culture or origin. The concept does not include brazilian americans or portuguese americans. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hispid
Bearing stiff, bristly hairs. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

hispid flagella
Eukaryotic flagella with two rows of stiff protrusions (mastigonemes) at right angles to the long axis of the shaft. In hispid flagella, the normal relationship between the direction of flagellar wave propagation and the direction of movement is reversed, a proximal to distal wave pulls the organism forward. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

hiss
1. To make with the mouth a prolonged sound like that of the letter s, by driving the breath between the tongue and the teeth; to make with the mouth a sound like that made by a goose or a snake when angered; especially, to make such a sound as an expression of hatred, passion, or disapproval. 'The merchants among the people shall hiss at thee.' (E …

Hiss, Philip
<person> U.S. Bacteriologist, 1868-1913. ... See: Hiss' stain. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Hiss' stain
<technique> A stain for demonstrating the capsules of microorganisms, using gentian violet or basic fuchsin followed by a copper sulphate wash. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

histadine
<biochemistry> Is intricately involved in a large number of critical metabolic processes, ranging from the production of red and white blood cells to regulating antibody activity. Histadine also helps to maintain the myelin sheaths which surround and insulate nerves. In particular, Histidine has been found beneficial for the auditory nerves a …

Histalog test
A test for measurement of maximal production of gastric acidity or anacidity; it is similar to the histamine test, but uses Histalog (betazole hydrochloride), an analogue of histamine. ... Synonym: maximal Histalog test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

histaminaemia
The presence of histamine in the circulating blood. ... Origin: histamine + G. Haima, blood ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

histaminase
Synonym for amine oxidase ... <enzyme> A group of enzymes including those oxidizing primary monoamines, diamines, and histamine. ... They are copper proteins, and, as their action depends on a carbonyl group, they are sensitive to inhibition by semicarbazide. ... Chemical name: Amine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)(copper-containing) ... Regi …

histamine
<biochemistry> Formed by decarboxylation of histidine. Potent pharmacological agent acting through receptors in smooth muscle and in secretory systems. ... Stored in mast cells and released by antigen. (See hypersensitivity). Responsible for the early symptoms of anaphylaxis. Also present in some venoms. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

histamine agents
Drugs used for their actions on histaminergic systems. Included are drugs that act at histamine receptors, affect the life cycle of histamine, or affect the state of histaminergic cells. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

histamine agonist
Drugs that bind to and activate histamine receptors. Although they have been suggested for a variety of clinical applications histamine agonists have so far been more widely used in research than therapeutically. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

histamine antagonists
Drugs that bind to but do not activate histamine receptors, thereby blocking the actions of histamine or histamine agonist. Classical antihistaminics block the histamine h1 receptors only. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

histamine flush
Vasodilatation and erythema occurring as a result of release of histamine; thought to be a factor in genesis of flush of carcinoid syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

histamine h1 antagonists
Drugs that selectively bind to but do not activate histamine h1 receptors, thereby blocking the actions of endogenous histamine. Included here are the classical antihistaminics that antagonise or prevent the action of histamine mainly in immediate hypersensitivity. They act in the bronchi, capillaries, and some other smooth muscles, and are used to …

histamine h2 antagonists
Drugs that selectively bind to but do not activate histamine h2 receptors, thereby blocking the actions of histamine. Their clinically most important action is the inhibition of acid secretion in the treatment of gastrointestinal ulcers. Smooth muscle may also be affected. Some drugs in this class have strong effects in the central nervous system, …

histamine headache
A term used to describe a headache that is typified by constant, unilateral pain around the eye, with onset usually within 2-3 hours of falling asleep. Can be accompanied by a blocked nasal passage, runny nose, and-or tearing. One may also notice facial flushing, ptosis (dropping eyelid), facial swelling and constriction of the pupils. ... (27 Sep 1 …

histamine liberators
Substances that cause the release of histamine from mast cells or basophils. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

histamine n-methyltransferase
<enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the transfer of a methyl group from s-adenosylmethionine to histamine, forming n-methylhistamine, the major metabolite of histamine in man. ... Chemical name: S-Adenosyl-L-methionine:histamine N-tele-methyltransferase ... Registry number: EC 2.1.1.8 ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

histamine release
The secretion of histamine from mast cell and basophil granules by exocytosis. This can be initiated by a number of factors, all of which involve binding of IgE, cross-linked by antigen, to the mast cell or basophil's fc receptors. Once released, histamine binds to a number of different target cell receptors and exerts a wide variety of effects. …

histamine test
A test for maximal production of gastric acidity or anacidity; after preliminary administration of an antihistamine, histamine acid phosphate is injected subcutaneously in a dose of 0.04 mg/kg of body weight, followed by analysis of gastric contents. ... Synonym: augmented histamine test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

histamine-fast
Indicating the absence of the normal response to histamine, especially in speaking of true gastric anacidity. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

histaminic cephalalgia
Synonym for cluster headache ... <symptom> A term used to describe a headache that is typified by constant, unilateral pain around the eye, with onset usually within 2-3 hours of falling asleep. Can be accompanied by a blocked nasal passage, runny nose, and-or tearing. One may also notice facial flushing, ptosis (dropping eyelid), facial swell …

histaminic headache
Synonym for cluster headache ... <symptom> A term used to describe a headache that is typified by constant, unilateral pain around the eye, with onset usually within 2-3 hours of falling asleep. Can be accompanied by a blocked nasal passage, runny nose, and-or tearing. One may also notice facial flushing, ptosis (dropping eyelid), facial swell …

histaminuria
The excretion of histamine in the urine. ... Origin: histidine + G. Ouron, urine ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

histangic
Synonym for histoangic ... Relating to the structure of blood vessels, especially in terms of their function. ... Synonym: histangic. ... Origin: histo-+ G. Angeion, vessel ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

histic epipedon
An 8- to 16-inch soil layer at or near the surface that is saturated for 30 consecutive days or more during the growing season in most years and contains a minimum of 20 percent organic matter when no clay is present or a minimum of 30 percent organic matter when 60 percent or more clay is present, generally a thin horizon of peat or muck if the so …

histidase
Synonym for histidine ammonia-lyase ... <enzyme> An enzyme of the lyase class that catalyses the reaction of l-histidine to form urocanate and ammonia. The reaction is the initial step of histidine catabolism. Genetic deficiency of the enzyme, transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait, causes histidinaemia. ... Chemical name: L-Histidine ammo …

histidinaemia
<biochemistry> A medical condition in which the amount of the amino acid histidine in the blood is abnormally high.Also, histidine is present in the urine and the amount of the enzyme histidase (which breaks down histidine) is abnormally low. Mild retardation and speech or reading disorders often occur along with histidinaemia. ... (11 Jan 199 …