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 mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197


herpes zoster
<virology> A reactivation of the same Herpes virus that is responsible for chicken pox. This results in a painful blistery red rash that is confined to one side of the body. ... The zoster rash affects one nerve distribution or dermatome. Facial rash can lead to optic nerve involvement with resultant blindness. ... Synonym: shingles. ... (06 Mar …

herpes zoster ophthalmicus
Virus infection of the gasserian ganglion and its nerve branches characterised by pain and vesicular eruptions with much swelling. Ocular involvement is usually heralded by a vesicle on the tip of the nose. This area is innervated by the nasociliary nerve. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

herpes zoster oticus
Herpes zoster involving the facial and auditory nerves associated with ipsilateral facial paralysis, usually transitory, and herpetic vesicles of the external ear or tympanic membrane, which also may or may not be associated with tinnitus, vertigo, and hearing disorders. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

herpes zoster varicellosus
Herpes zoster associated with disseminated varicelliform lesions. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

herpes zoster virus
<virology> A virus in the family Herpesviridae which causeschickenpox initially and may go dormant and later re-activate, causing the disease shingles. Chickenpox is a common, highly communicabledisease that causes fever and fluid-filled blisters on the skin.Shingles are characterised by extremely painful skin eruptions. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

herpes, genital
A viral infection transmitted through intimate contact with the moist mucous linings of the genitals. This contact can involve the mouth, the vagina or the genital skin. The herpes simplex type 2 virus enters the mucous membranes through microscopic tears. Once inside, the virus travels to nerve the roots near the spinal cord and settles there perm …

herpesviridae
<virology> Family of DNA-containing viruses that infect a wide range of vertebrates, in humans, members of this family are responsible for chickenpox, oral & genital herpes, and mononucleosis. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

herpesvirus
Any virus belonging to the family Herpesviridae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Herpeteviridae
<organism, virology> A group of large DNA viruses: Herpes simplex causes cold sores and genital herpes, Varicella zoster causes chicken pox and shingles, cytomegalovirus causes congenital abnormalities and is an opportunistic pathogen, Epstein Barr virus (EBV) causes glandular fever. Herpes simplex type 2 and EBV are associated with human tum …

herpetic
1. Relating to or characterised by herpes. ... 2. Relating to or caused by a herpetovirus or herpesvirus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

herpetic fever
A disease of short duration, apparently infectious, marked by chills, nausea, elevation of temperature, sore throat, and a herpetic eruption on the face and other areas; primary infection is with herpes simplex virus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

herpetic keratitis
<ophthalmology, pathology> Inflammation of the cornea (and conjunctiva) due to herpes virus type I, a characteristic finding on physical examination of the eye (cornea) is a dendritic pattern (crystalline or tree-like pattern). ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

herpetic keratoconjunctivitis
<pathology> Inflammation of the cornea (and conjunctiva) due to herpes virus type I, a characteristic finding on physical examination of the eye (cornea) is a dendritic pattern (crystalline or tree-like pattern). ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

herpetic meningoencephalitis
A severe form of meningoencephalitis caused by herpesvirus type 1 and associated with a high mortality rate; definite diagnosis depends upon isolation of the virus or demonstration of viral antigens. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

herpetic ulcer
Ulcer caused by herpes simplex virus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

herpetic whitlow
<dermatology, virology> A herpes viral infection that results in a painful blistery eruption on one of the digits. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

herpetiform
Resembling herpes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

herpetiform aphthae
A variant of oral aphthae, of unknown aetiology, characterised by up to several dozen ulcers, 2-3 mm in diameter, organised in a clustered herpetiform distribution. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Herpetomonas
A genus of asexual monogenetic flagellates (family Trypanosomatidae) that are strictly insect parasites, with a variety of body forms including promastigote (leptomad), epimastigote (crithidial), amastigote (leishmanial), and trypomastigote (trypanosome-like); infective forms are passed in the host faeces. Herpetomonas muscae domesticae, the type s …

Herpetoviridae
An obsolete term for Herpesviridae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

herpetovirus
An obsolete name for a virus belonging to the family Herpesviridae. ... See: herpesvirus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

herring
<zoology> One of various species of fishes of the genus Clupea, and allied genera, especially. The common round or English herring (C. Harengus) of the North Atlantic. Herrings move in vast schools, coming in spring to the shores of Europe and America, where they are salted and smoked in great quantities. Herring gull The chimaera (C. Monstro …

Herring bodies
<pathology> Granules within axons in the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland. Contain neurosecretory hormones. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

herring-worm disease
Synonym for anisakiasis ... Infection with roundworms of the genus anisakis. Human infection results from the consumption of fish harboring roundworm larvae. The worms may cause acute nausea and vomiting or may penetrate into the wall of the digestive tract, where they give rise to eosinophilic granulomas in the stomach, intestine, or the omentum.
Herring, Percy
<person> English physiologist, 1872-1967. ... See: Herring bodies. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Herrmann, C Jr
<person> 20th century. ... See: Herrmann's syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Herrmann's syndrome
<syndrome> A nervous system disorder beginning in late childhood or early adolescence, with photomyoclonus and hearing loss followed by diabetes mellitus, progressive dementia, pyelonephritis, and glomerulonephritis; progressive sensorineural hearing loss is of later onset; dominant inheritance. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Hers disease
<disease> Glycogen storage disease in which there is a deficiency of liver phosphorylase. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

Hers' disease
Synonym for type 6 glycogenosis ... Glycogenosis due to hepatic glycogen phosphorylase deficiency, resulting in accumulation of glycogen of normal chemical structure in liver and leukocytes. ... Synonym: hepatophosphorylase deficiency glycogenosis, Hers' disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hersage
Separating the individual fibres of a nerve trunk. ... Origin: Fr. (from L. Hirpex, a large rake), a harrowing ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

herself
1. An emphasized form of the third person feminine pronoun; used as a subject with she; as, she herself will bear the blame; also used alone in the predicate, either in the nominative or objective case; as, it is herself; she blames herself. ... 2. Her own proper, true, or real character; hence, her right, or sane, mind; as, the woman was deranged, …

Hershberg test
A test for anabolic steroids in which castrated male rats are treated with the substance being tested. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hershey-chase experiment
<molecular biology> A landmark experiment done in 1952 which showed that DNA is the hereditary material. ... The experiment, done by Martha Hershey and Alfred Chase, involved allowing a bacteriophage which contained DNA labelled with 32P (an isotope of phosphorus) and a protein labelled with 35S (an isotope of sulphur) to attach to some bacter …

Hertwig, Richard
<person> German zoologist, 1850-1937. ... See: Magendie-Hertwig sign, Magendie-Hertwig syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Hertwig, Wilhelm
<person> German embryologist, 1849-1922. ... See: Hertwig's sheath. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Hertwig's sheath
The merged outer and inner epithelial layers of the enamel organ which extends beyond the region of the anatomical crown and initiates formation of dentin in the root of a developing tooth; it atrophies as the root is formed, and any of the cells that persist are called Malassez' epithelial rests. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hertz
<unit> Unit of frequency equal to one complete oscillation (cycle) per second. ... Abbreviation: Hz ... (13 Nov 1997) ...

Hertz, Heinrich
<person, physics> 19th-century German physicist who first observed low-frequency electromagnetic waves. ... (13 Nov 1997) ...

hertzian
Attributed to or described by Heinrich R. Hertz. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hertzian experiments
Experiment's demonstrating that electromagnetic induction is propagated in waves, analogous to waves of light but not affecting the retina. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Herxheimer, Karl
<person> German dermatologist, 1861-1944. ... See: Herxheimer's reaction, Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Herxheimer's reaction
An inflammatory reaction in syphilitic tissues (skin, mucous membrane, nervous system, or viscera) induced in certain cases by specific treatment with Salvarsan, mercury, or antibiotics; believed to be due to a rapid release of treponemal antigen with an associated allergic reaction in the patient. ... Synonym: Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction. ... (05 Ma …

herz hormone
A substance present in extracts of cardiac tissue that augments cardiac contraction; possibly adenosine, a catecholamine, or some non-specific stimulant present generally in tissues. ... Synonym: cardiac hormone, heart hormone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

herzstoss
Cardiac systole characterised by a diffuse precordial heave with or without any definite point of maximal impulse. ... Origin: Ger. Heart thrust ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Heschl, Richard
<person> Austrian pathologist, 1824-1881. ... See: Heschl's gyri. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Heschl's gyri
Synonym for transverse temporal gyri ... Two or three convolutions running transversely on the upper surface of the temporal lobe bordering on the lateral (sylvian) fissure, separated from each other by the transverse temporal sulci. ... Synonym: gyri temporales transversi, Heschl's gyri, transverse temporal convolutions. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hesitancy
An involuntary delay or inability in starting the urinary stream. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hesperides
1. The daughters of Hesperus, or Night (brother of Atlas), and fabled possessors of a garden producing golden apples, in Africa, at the western extremity of the known world. To slay the guarding dragon and get some of these apples was one of the labors of Hercules. ... Synonym: Atlantides. ... 2. The garden producing the golden apples. 'It not love a …

hesperomyinae
A subfamily of the muridae consisting of 69 genera. New world mice and rats are included in this subfamily. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Hess screen
A screen used in the measurement of ocular deviation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Hess, Alfred
<person> U.S. Physician, 1875-1933. ... See: Hess' test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Hess, Carl von
<person> German ophthalmologist, 1863-1923. ... See: Hess screen. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Hess, Walter
<person> Swiss physiologist and Nobel laureate, 1881-1973. ... See: trophotropic zone of Hess. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Hess' law
The amount of heat generated by a reaction is the same whether the reaction takes place in one step or several steps; i.e., dH values (and thus dG values) are additive. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Hess' test
Synonym for Rumpel-Leede test ... A tourniquet test for capillary fragility, often positive in the presence of severe thrombocytopenia. ... See: capillary fragility test. ... Synonym: bandage sign, Hess' test, Rumpel-Leede sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hess's law
<chemistry> In going from a particular set of reactants to a particular set of products, the enthalpy change is the same whether the reaction takes place in one step or a series of steps, in other words, enthalpy is a state function. ... (09 Jan 1998) ...

Hesselbach, Franz
<person> German anatomist and surgeon, 1759-1816. ... See: Hesselbach's fascia, Hesselbach's hernia, Hesselbach's ligament, Hesselbach's triangle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Hesselbach's fascia
Synonym for cribriform fascia ... The part of the superficial fascia of the thigh that covers the saphenous opening. ... Synonym: fascia cribrosa, Hesselbach's fascia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Hesselbach's hernia
Hernia with diverticula through the cribriform fascia, presenting a lobular outline. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Hesselbach's ligament
Synonym for interfoveolar ligament ... <anatomy> Fibrous or muscular strands that lie medial to the deep inguinal ring, extending from the lower border of the transversus muscle to the lacunar ligament and pectineal fascia. ... Synonym: ligamentum interfoveolare, Hesselbach's ligament. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Hesselbach's triangle
Synonym for inguinal triangle ... The triangular area in the lower abdominal wall bounded by the inguinal ligament below, the border of the rectus abdominis medially and the inferior epigastric vessels (lateral umbilical fold) laterally. It is the site of direct inguinal hernia. ... Synonym: trigonum inguinale, Hesselbach's triangle, inguinal trigone …

hessian
Of or relating to Hesse, in Germany, or to the Hessians. Hessian boots, or Hessians, boot of a kind worn in England, in the early part of the nineteenth century, tasseled in front. Hessian cloth, or Hessians, a coarse hempen cloth for sacking. Hessian crucible. See Crucible. ... <zoology> Hessian fly, a small dipterous fly or midge (Cecidomyia …

hetacillin
6-(2,2-Dimethyl-5-oxo-4-phenyl-1-imidazolidinyl)penicillanic acid;a semisynthetic penicillin compound with antimicrobial properties. ... Synonym: phenazacillin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hetastarch
<chemical> A derivative of starch used as a plasma substitute in the treatment of haemorrhage. ... Pharmacological action: plasma substitutes. ... Chemical name: Starch, 2-hydroxyethyl ether ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

heter-
See: hetero-. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

heteradelphus
Unequal conjoined twins in which the smaller incomplete parasite is attached to the larger, more nearly normal autosite. ... See: conjoined twins. ... Origin: heter-+ G. Adelphos, brother ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

heterakid
Common name for members of the family Heterakidae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Heterakis
A genus of important nematode parasites (family Heterakidae, order Ascaridida). Heterakis gallinarum is the caecal worm of chickens, turkeys, and many gallinaceous birds, and is the vector of Histomonas meleagridis, a protozoan that causes histomoniasis. Other species include Heterakis brevispiculum, Heterakis dispar, Heterakis isolonche, and Heter …

heteralius
Unequal conjoined twins in which the parasite appears as little more than an excrescence on the autosite. ... See: conjoined twins. ... Origin: heter-+ G. Halios, useless ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

heteraxial
Having mutually perpendicular axes of unequal length. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

heterecious
Having more than one host; said of a parasite passing different stages of its life cycle in different animals. ... Synonym: metoxenous. ... Origin: heter-+ G. Oikion, home ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

heterecism
The occurrence, in a parasite, of two cycles of development passed in two different hosts. ... Synonym: metoxeny. ... Origin: heter-+ G. Oikion, home ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

heteresthesia
A change occurring in the degree (either plus or minus) of the sensory response to a cutaneous stimulus as the latter crosses a certain line on the surface. ... Origin: heter-+ G. Aisthesis, sensation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hetero-
Combining form from the Greek heteros meaning different. The opposite is homo- from the greek homos meaning same. For example, heterogeneous and homogeneous, heterosexual and homosexual, etc. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hetero-osteoplasty
Bone transplantation from one species to another; formerly used to denote transplants from one person to another. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

heteroagglutinin
A form of haemagglutinin, one that agglutinates the red blood cells of species other than that in which the heteroagglutinin occurs. ... See: haemagglutinin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

heteroalleles
Genes that have undergone mutation at different nucleotide positions and therefore result from different mutational events. ... Compare: eualleles. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

heteroantibody
Antibody that is heterologous with respect to antigen, in contradistinction to isoantibody. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

heteroantiserum
Antiserum developed in one animal species against antigens or cells of another species. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

heteroblastic
<plant biology> Having the adult parts of the plant (especially the leaves) distinctly different in form from the juvenile parts. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

heterocellular
Formed of cells of different kinds. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

heterocentric
1. Having different centres; said of rays that do not meet at a common focus. ... Compare: homocentric. ... Synonym: allocentric. ... Origin: hetero-+ G. Kentron, centre ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

heterocephalus
Conjoined twins with heads of unequal size. ... See: conjoined twins. ... Origin: hetero-+ G. Kephale, head ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

heterocheiral
Heterochiral ... Relating to or referred to the other hand. ... Origin: hetero-+ G. Cheir, hand ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

heterochromatic
Characteristic of heterochromatin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

heterochromatin
<cell biology, genetics> The chromosomal regions that are condensed during interphase and at the time of nuclear division. ... They show what is considered an abnormal pattern of staining as opposed to euchromatin. Can be subdivided into constitutive regions (present in all cells) and facultative heterochromatin (present in some cells only). T …

heterochromatin, constituitive
Heterochromatin that is fixed and irreversible. Regions of constituitive heterochromatin are located at very specific spots in the genome (on chromosomes 1, 9, 16 and the y chromosome, the tiny short arms of chromosomes 13-15 and 21 and 22, and near the centromeres of chromosomes) and consists of DNA that contains many tandem (not inverted) repeats …

heterochromatin, facultative
Heterochromatin that need not always be heterochromatic but has the faculty to return to the normal euchromatic state. The inactive x chromosome is made up of facultatative heterochromatin. When a woman transmits that x to a son, it reverts to euchromatin and genetic activity. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

heterochromia
Different colours. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

heterochromia iridis
A difference of colour between the iris of one eye and the other. (a person with one brown and one blue eye has heterochromia iridis.) also, a difference in colour within an iris (sectoral heterochromia iridis). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

heterochromic cyclitis
A chronic inflammatory cyclitis in which the iris of the affected eye becomes atrophic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

heterochromic uveitis
Anterior uveitis and depigmentation of the iris. ... Synonym: Fuchs' uveitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

heterochromosome
Synonym for allosome ... <genetics> One or more chromosomes that can be distinguished from autosomes by their morphology and behaviour. ... Synonym: accessory chromosome, heterochromosome, sex chromosome. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

heterochron
Having varying chronaxies. ... Origin: hetero-+ G. Chronos, time ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

heterochronia
Origin or development of tissues or organs at an unusual time or out of the regular sequence. ... Compare: synchronia. ... Origin: hetero-+ G. Chronos, time ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

heterochronic
Synonym for heterochronous ... Relating to heterochronia. ... Synonym: heterochronic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

heterochronous
Relating to heterochronia. ... Synonym: heterochronic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

heterochrony
Lack of synchronisation. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

heterocladic
Denoting an anastomosis between branches of different arterial trunks, as distinguished from homocladic. ... Origin: hetero-+ G. Klados, a twig ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

heteroclite
Deviating from ordinary forms or rules; irregular; anomalous; abnormal. ... Origin: L. Heteroclitus, Gr.; other + to lean, incline, inflect: cf. F. Heteroclite. ... 1. A word which is irregular or anomalous either in declension or conjugation, or which deviates from ordinary forms of inflection in words of a like kind; especially, a noun which is irr …