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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

Hensen's stripe
A band on the undersurface of the membrana tectoria of the cochlear duct. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Hensing, Friedrich
<person> German anatomist, 1719-1745. ... See: Hensing's ligament. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Hensing's ligament
<anatomy> The left superior colic ligament; a small serous horizontal or oblique fold sometimes found extending between the upper end of the descending colon and the abdominal wall. ... See: phrenicocolic ligament. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hep
<virology> A high egg passage virus is a weakened virus which is passed on through eggs. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

hepadnaviridae
<virology> A family of DNA-containing viruses that infect cause hepatitis in a wide range ofvertebrate species. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

hepadnaviridae infections
Virus diseases caused by the hepadnaviridae. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hepar
1. <chemistry> Liver of sulphur; a substance of a liver-brown colour, sometimes used in medicine. It is formed by fusing sulphur with carbonates of the alkalies (especially. Potassium), and consists essentially of alkaline sulphides. ... Synonym: hepar sulphuris . ... 2. Any substance resembling hepar proper, in appearance; specifically, in hom …

heparan N-sulfatase
<enzyme> An enzyme that participates in the stepwise degradation of heparan sulfate; heparan N-sulfatase hydrolyzes the sulfate moiety attached to the amino group of the glucosamine residue of heparan sulfate; a deficiency of this enzyme is associated with mucopolysaccharidose IIIA (Sanfilippo's syndrome A). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

heparan sulfate
Synonym for heparitin sulfate ... <chemical> Heparitin, sulfate. A glycosaminoglycan occurring in the liver, aorta, and lung. It has a structure similar to heparin, but there are more n-acetyl groups and fewer o- and n-sulfate groups. It is an accumulation product in several mucopolysaccharidoses. ... Chemical name: Heparitin, sulfate ... (12 De …

heparan sulfate proteoglycan
Ubiquitous macromolecules associated with the cell surface and extracellular matrix of a wide range of cells of vertebrate and invertebrate tissues. They are essential cofactors in cell-matrix adhesion processes, in cell-cell recognition systems, and in receptor-growth factor interactions. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

heparan sulfate sulfatase
<enzyme> Probable defect in sanfilippo a syndrome ... Registry number: EC 3.1.6.- ... Synonym: heparan sulphatase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

heparan sulphate
Constituent of membrane associated proteoglycans. The heparan sulphate binding domain of NCAM is proposed to augment NCAM NCAM interactions, suggesting that cell cell bonds mediated by NCAM may involve interactions between multiple ligands. The putative heparin binding site on NCAM is a 28 aa peptide shown to bind both heparin and retinal cells, as …

heparan-sulfate 2-sulfotransferase
<enzyme> An o-sulfotransferase that catalyses transfer of sulfate from 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate to l-iduronic acid at position 2 of heparan sulfate; genbank d88811 ... Registry number: EC 2.8.2.- ... Synonym: hs2st enzyme ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

heparanase
<enzyme> Tumour cell enzyme has endoglycosidase activity which degrades glycosaminoglycans into fragments of intermediate size ... Registry number: EC 3.2.1.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

heparin
<drug> Sulphated mucopolysaccharide, found in granules of mast cells, that inhibits the action of thrombin on fibrinogen by potentiating antithrombins, thereby interfering with the blood clotting cascade. Platelet factor IV will neutralise heparin. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

heparin antagonists
Coagulant substances inhibiting the anticoagulant action of heparin. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

heparin binding growth factor
Synonym for fibroblast growth factor ... <growth factor> Acidic fibroblast growth factor (alpha FGF, HBGF 1) and basic FGF (beta FGF, HBGF 2) are the two founder members of a family of structurally related growth factors for mesodermal or neuroectodermal cells. ... Synonym: heparin binding growth factor. ... Acronym: FGF ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

heparin cofactor II
<chemical> A sulfated plasma protein with the mw of approximately 66kda. The protein is an inhibitor of thrombin in plasma that is activated by dermatan sulfate or heparin. It is a member of the serpin superfamily. ... Pharmacological action: serine proteinase inhibitors. ... Chemical name: Heparin cofactor II ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

heparin complement
The protein component of heparin in blood. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

heparin eliminase
Synonym for heparin lyase ... <enzyme> An enzyme of the isomerase class that catalyses the eliminative cleavage of polysaccharides containing 1,4-linked d-glucuronate or l-iduronate residues and 1,4-alpha-linked 2-sulfoamino-2-deoxy-6-sulfo-d-glucose residues to give oligosaccharides with terminal 4-deoxy-alpha-d-gluc-4-enuronosyl groups at th …

heparin lyase
<enzyme> An enzyme of the isomerase class that catalyses the eliminative cleavage of polysaccharides containing 1,4-linked d-glucuronate or l-iduronate residues and 1,4-alpha-linked 2-sulfoamino-2-deoxy-6-sulfo-d-glucose residues to give oligosaccharides with terminal 4-deoxy-alpha-d-gluc-4-enuronosyl groups at their non-reducing ends. ... Che …

heparin unit
The quantity of heparin required to keep 1 ml of cat's blood fluid for 24 hr at 0°C; it is equivalent approximately to 0.002 mg of pure heparin. ... Synonym: Howell unit. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

heparin, low-molecular-weight
<chemical> Heparin fractions with a molecular weight usually between 4000 and 6000 kD. These low-molecular-weight fractions are effective antithrombotic agents. Their administration reduces the risk of haemorrhage, they have a longer half-life, and their platelet interactions are reduced in comparison to unfractionated heparin. They also prov …

heparinaemia
The presence of demonstrable levels of heparin in the circulating blood. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

heparinase
Synonym for heparin lyase ... <enzyme> An enzyme of the isomerase class that catalyses the eliminative cleavage of polysaccharides containing 1,4-linked d-glucuronate or l-iduronate residues and 1,4-alpha-linked 2-sulfoamino-2-deoxy-6-sulfo-d-glucose residues to give oligosaccharides with terminal 4-deoxy-alpha-d-gluc-4-enuronosyl groups at th …

heparinic acid
Synonym for heparin ... <drug> Sulphated mucopolysaccharide, found in granules of mast cells, that inhibits the action of thrombin on fibrinogen by potentiating antithrombins, thereby interfering with the blood clotting cascade. Platelet factor IV will neutralise heparin. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

heparinise
To perform therapeutic administration of heparin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

heparinoids
<chemical> Heparin derivatives. The term has also been used more loosely to include naturally occurring and synthetic highly-sulphated polysaccharides of similar structure. Heparinoid preparations have been used for a wide range of applications including as anticoagulant and anti-inflammatories and they have been claimed to have hypolipidemic …

heparitin sulfate
<chemical> Heparitin, sulfate. A glycosaminoglycan occurring in the liver, aorta, and lung. It has a structure similar to heparin, but there are more n-acetyl groups and fewer o- and n-sulfate groups. It is an accumulation product in several mucopolysaccharidoses. ... Chemical name: Heparitin, sulfate ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hepat-
Hepatico-hepato- ... The liver. ... Origin: G. Hepar (hepat-) ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hepatatrophia
Hepatatrophy ... Atrophy of the liver. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hepatectomy
<procedure> Excision of all or part of the liver. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hepatic
<anatomy> Pertaining to the liver. ... Origin: L. Hepaticus, Gr. Hepatikos ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

hepatic adenoma
<radiology> Liver cell adenoma (LCA), rare, benign, F more than M, atypical hepatocytes, no bile ducts or Kuppfer cells (unlike FNH), haemorrhage common, NM: cold nodule associated with: oral contraceptives, type 1 glycogen storage disease (von Gierke) ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hepatic amoebiasis
Infection of the liver with Entamoeba histolytica; may occur with or without antecedent amoebic dysentery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hepatic arteries
Arteries involved in supplying blood to the liver. ... See: common hepatic artery, proper hepatic artery, left hepatic artery, right hepatic artery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hepatic artery
<anatomy, artery> A branch of the coeliac artery that distributes to the stomach, pancreas, duodenum, liver, gallbladder, and greater omentum. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hepatic branches of vagus nerve
<anatomy, nerve> Branches of the anterior and posterior vagal trunks distributed to the liver. ... Synonym: rami hepatici nervi vagi. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hepatic capsulitis
Synonym for perihepatitis ... Inflammation of the serous, or peritoneal, covering of the liver. ... Synonym: hepatic capsulitis, hepatitis externa, hepatoperitonitis. ... Origin: peri-+ G. Hepar, liver, + -itis, inflammation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hepatic colic
Synonym for biliary colic ... Intense spasmodic pain felt in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen from impaction of a gallstone in the cystic duct. ... Synonym: gallstone colic, hepatic colic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hepatic coma
A condition of severe end-stage liver dysfunction that is accompanied by unresponsiveness (coma). A feature of hepatic encephalopathy. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

hepatic cords
Liver laminae as seen in sections. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hepatic cysts
Congenital cyst's thought to originate from an obstruction of biliary ductules; they may be solitary and range in size from small to enormous; polycystic disease may also occur. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hepatic duct
See: common hepatic duct, right hepatic duct, left hepatic duct. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hepatic duct, common
Predominantly extrahepatic bile duct which is formed by the junction of the right and left hepatic ducts, which are predominantly intrahepatic, and, in turn, joins the cystic duct to form the common bile duct. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hepatic encephalopathy
<neurology, pathology> A condition which is used to describe the deleterious effects of liver failure on the central nervous system. Features include confusion ranging to unresponsiveness (coma). A common cause is alcoholic cirrhosis. ... Treatment includes the binding and elimination of ammonia in the intestinal tract. General life support in …

hepatic failure
A condition of severe end-stage liver dysfunction that is accompanied by a decline in mental status that may range from confusion (hepatic encephalopathy) to unresponsiveness (hepatic coma). Other features include a mousy odour to the breath, difficulty with balance and walking, tremor and impaired speech. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

hepatic fistula
A fistula leading to the liver. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hepatic flexure
Synonym for right colic flexure ... The bend of the colon at the juncture of its ascending and transverse portions. ... Synonym: flexura coli dextra, hepatic flexure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hepatic function impairment
The impaired ability of the liver to fulfill its role in metabolism. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

hepatic infantilism
Delayed development as a result of liver disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hepatic insufficiency
Defective functional activity of the liver cells. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hepatic intermittent fever
Ague-like paroxysms of fever occurring in cases of one or more stones in the common bile duct. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hepatic laminae
The plates of liver cells that radiate from the centre of the liver lobule. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hepatic lobule
The conceptual polygonal histologic unit of the liver consisting of masses of liver cells arranged around a central vein, a terminal branch of one of the hepatic veins; at the periphery are located preterminal and terminal branches of the portal vein, hepatic artery, and bile duct, hepatic lobules have anatomical reality in the pig liver or patholo …

hepatic lymph nodes
Nodes located along the hepatic artery as far as the porta hepatis; they drain the liver, gallbladder, stomach, duodenum, and pancreas, and send efferents to the coeliac nodes. ... Synonym: nodi lymphatici hepatici. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hepatic necrosis
A severe and rapidly progressive form of hepatitis accompanied by hepatocellular death and the signs and symptoms of hepatic failure. May be a complication of hepatitis B, C or D. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

hepatic obstruction
<gastroenterology> A condition that results in liver enlargement and can occur either by blockage of the hepatic veins or by blockage of the common bile duct (drains bile from the liver). ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

hepatic plexus
An unpaired autonomic plexus lying on the hepatc artery and its branches in the liver. ... Synonym: plexus hepaticus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hepatic porphyria
A category of porphyria that includes porphyria cutanea tarda, variegate porphyria, and coproporphyria. ... Synonym: porphyria hepatica. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hepatic portal system
A venous portal system in which the portal vein receives blood via its tributaries from the capillaries of most of the abdominal viscera and drains it into the hepatic sinusoids. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hepatic portal vein
Synonym for portal vein ... <anatomy, vein> A large vein that carries blood from the stomach and intestines to the liver. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

hepatic prominence
The conspicuous external bulge appearing dorsocaudal to the cardiac prominence on the body of the human embryo at about the fourth week, indicating the precocious development of the liver. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hepatic segments
Territories of the liver with independent portobilioarterial distribution or independent venous drainage. The naming of segments in the NA is based upon the portobilioarterial distribution. ... See: anterior segment, lateral segment, medial segment, posterior segment. ... Synonym: segmenta hepatis, segments of liver. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hepatic steatosis
Synonym for fatty liver ... <radiology> Hyperalimentation, diabetes, Cushing disease, steroids, obesity, previous jejunal bypass, Reye syndrome, kwashiorkor, malnutrition (EtOH, chemo, RT), Crohn disease ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hepatic transplant
<surgery> Surgery to replace a disease liver with a healthy one from a donor. ... Over 1,000 are performed each year in the us. This procedure is technically quite difficult, since both vessels and biliary tract must be reattached to the new liver. ... most often indicated in those with long-term chronic hepatitis or congenital liver defects. N …

hepatic triad
Synonym for portal triad ... Branches of the portal vein, hepatic artery, and the biliary ducts bound together in the perivascular fibrous capsule or portal tract as they ramify within the substance of the liver. ... Synonym: hepatic triad, triad. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hepatic vein thrombosis
Occlusion of the hepatic veins caused by thrombi or fibrous obliteration of the veins. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hepatic veins
Veins which drain the liver. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hepatic veno-occlusive disease
Blockage of the small- or medium-sized hepatic veins due to nonthrombotic subendothelial oedema which may progress to fibrosis. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hepatic venous segments
Synonym for venous segments of liver ... Each of the four territories of the liver separately drained by the hepatic veins. ... Synonym: hepatic venous segments. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hepatica
Origin: NL. See Hepatic. So called in allusion to the shape of the lobed leaves or fronds. ... 1. <botany> A genus of pretty spring flowers closely related to Anemone; squirrel cup. ... 2. <botany> Any plant, usually procumbent and mosslike, of the cryptogamous class Hepaticae; called also scale moss and liverwort. See Hepaticae, in the S …

hepatico-
See: hepat-. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hepaticodochotomy
<procedure> Combined hepaticotomy and choledochotomy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hepaticoduodenostomy
<procedure> Establishme nt of a communication between the hepatic ducts and the duodenum. ... Synonym: hepatoduodenostomy. ... Origin: hepatico-+ duodenostomy ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hepaticoenterostomy
<procedure> Establishment of a communication between the hepatic ducts and the intestine. ... Synonym: hepatocholangioenterostomy. ... Origin: hepatico-+ enterostomy ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hepaticogastrostomy
<procedure> Establishment of a communication between the hepatic duct and the stomach. ... Origin: hepatico-+ gastrostomy ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hepaticolithotomy
<procedure> Removal of a stone from a hepatic duct. ... Origin: hepatico-+ G. Lithos, stone, + tome, a cutting ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hepaticolithotripsy
The crushing or fragmentation of a biliary calculus in the hepatic duct. ... Origin: hepatico-+ G. Lithos, stone, + tripsis, a rubbing ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hepaticopulmonary
Synonym for hepatopneumonic ... Relating to the liver and the lungs. ... Synonym: hepaticopulmonary, hepatopulmonary. ... Origin: hepato-+ G. Pneumonikos, pulmonary ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hepaticostomy
<procedure> Establishment of an opening into the hepatic duct. ... Origin: hepatico-+ G. Stoma, mouth ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hepaticotomy
<procedure> Incision into the hepatic duct. ... Origin: hepatico-+ G. Tome, incision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hepatin
Synonym for glycogen ... <biochemistry> Branched polymer of D glucose (mostly _(1-4) linked, but some _(1-6) at branch points). ... Size range very variable, up to 10exp5 glucose units. Major short term storage polymer of animal cells and is particularly abundant in the liver and to a lesser extent in muscle. In the electron microscope glycogen …

hepatitic
Relating to hepatitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hepatitis
<pathology> Inflammation of the liver. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

hepatitis A
<virology> A form of viral hepatitis, known as infectious hepatitis, due to its ability to be spread through personal contact with oral secretions or stool. Virus will be shed in the stools of an infected individual 2-3 weeks prior to the onset of any symptoms. Hepatitis A may also be transmitted sexually. Symptoms are similar to those of inf …

hepatitis a immunization
When immediate protection against hepatitis a (infectious hepatitis) is needed, immunoglobulins are used. Protection is effective only if given within 2 weeks of exposure and lasts but 2-4 months. Immunoglobulins can be used to protect household contacts of someone with acute viral hepatitis and travelers to regions with poor sanitation and high he …

hepatitis A virus
<virology> An RNA virus (hepatovirus) in the family Picornaviridae, that is the causative agent of viral hepatitis type A. ... The virus replicates in hepatocytes and is presumed to reach the intestine via the bile duct. Transmission occurs by the faecal-oral route. ... Synonym: infectious hepatitis virus. ... (20 Sep 2002) ...

hepatitis agents, gb
Proposed members of the family flaviviridae. Gbv-b causes hepatitis in tamarins and possibly humans, and is the putative aetiological agent of a non-(a-e) hepatitis, gb hepatitis. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hepatitis antibodies
Immunoglobulins raised by any form of viral hepatitis; some of these antibodies are used to diagnose the specific kind of hepatitis. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hepatitis antigens
Antigens from any of the hepatitis viruses including surface, core, and other associated antigens. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hepatitis B
<virology> A form of viral hepatitis, known as serum hepatitis, because it is commonly spread through contact with infected blood products (transfusion). May also be spread sexually or from mother to infant. Hepatitis B can cause a much more severe infection than hepatitis A and can occur as an asymptomatic carrier state, a chronic infection …

hepatitis B antibodies
<immunology> Antibodies to the hepatitis b antigens, including antibodies to the surface (Australia) and core of the dane particle and those to the 'e' antigens. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hepatitis B antigen
Antigens of the virion of the hepatitis b virus or the dane particle, its surface, core and other associated antigens, like the hbe antigen. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hepatitis B core antigen
<virology> (HBcAb, HBcAg), the antigen found in the core of the Dane particle (which is the complete virus) and also in hepatocyte nuclei in hepatitis B infections. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hepatitis B e antigen
(HBeAb, HBe, HBeAg), an antigen, or group of antigen's, associated with hepatitis B infection and distinct from the surface antigen (HBsAg) and the core antigen (HBcAg); it is associated with the viral nucleocapsid. Its presence indicates that the virus is replicating and the individual is potentially infectious. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

hepatitis b e antigens
A closely related group of antigens found in the plasma only during the infective phase of hepatitis b or in virulent chronic hepatitis b, probably indicating active virus replication; there are three subtypes which may exist in a complex with immunoglobulins g. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

hepatitis b immunization
Hepatits B (hep B) vaccine gives prolonged protection, but 3 shots over a half year are usually required. In the u.s., all infants receive hep b vaccine. Two vaccines (engerix-b, and recombivax-hb) are available in the us. The first dose of hep b vaccine is frequently given while the newborn is in the hospital or at the first doctor visit following …

hepatitis B surface antigen
<virology> A serologic marker on the surface of the hepatitis B virus. The body will normally produce antibodies to hepatitis B surface antigen as part of the normal immune response to infection. It is the presence of antibodies to the hepatitis B surface antigen that are detected in a positive hepatitis B blood test. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

hepatitis b surface antigens
Those hepatitis b antigens found on the surface of the dane particle and on the 20 nm spherical and tubular particles. Several subspecificities of the surface antigen are known. These were formerly called the Australia antigen. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...