Rotgut Rot"gut noun 1. Bad small beer. [ Slang]
2. Any bad spirituous liquor, especially when adulterated so as to be very deleterious. [ Slang]
Rother Roth"er adjective [ Anglo-Saxon
hryðer ; confer Dutch
rund .]
(Zoology) Bovine. --
noun A bovine beast. [ Obsolete]
Shak. Rother beasts ,
cattle of the bovine genus; black cattle. [ Obsolete]
Golding. --
Rother soil ,
the dung of rother beasts.
Rother Roth"er noun [ Middle English See
Rudder .]
A rudder. Rother nail ,
a nail with a very full head, used for fastening the rudder irons of ships; -- so called by shipwrights.
Rotifer Ro"ti·fer noun [ New Latin see
Rotifera .]
(Zoology) One of the Rotifera. See Illust. in Appendix.
Rotifera Ro·tif"e·ra noun ;
plural [ New Latin , from Latin
rota ... wheel +
ferre to bear.]
(Zoology) An order of minute worms which usually have one or two groups of vibrating cilia on the head, which, when in motion, often give an appearance of rapidly revolving wheels. The species are very numerous in fresh waters, and are very diversified in form and habits.
Rotiform Ro"ti·form adjective [ Latin
rota wheel +
-form .]
1. Wheel-shaped; as, rotiform appendages. 2. (Botany) Same as Rotate .
Rotograph Ro"to·graph noun (Photography) A photograph printed by a process in which a strip or roll of sensitized paper is automatically fed over the negative so that a series of prints are made, and are then developed, fixed, cut apart, and washed at a very rapid rate.
Rotor Ro"tor noun (Electricity) The rotating part of a generator or motor.
Rotta Rot"ta noun (Mus.) See Rota .
Rotten Rot"ten adjective [ Icelandic
rotinn ; akin to Swedish
rutten , Danish
radden . See
Rot .]
Having rotted; putrid; decayed; as, a rotten apple; rotten meat. Hence:
(a) Offensive to the smell; fetid; disgusting. You common cry of curs! whose breath I hate
As reek of the rotten fens.
Shak. (b) Not firm or trusty; unsound; defective; treacherous; unsafe; as, a rotten plank, bone, stone. "The deepness of the
rotten way."
Knolles. Rotten borough .
See under Borough . --
Rotten stone (Min.) ,
a soft stone, called also Tripoli (from the country from which it was formerly brought), used in all sorts of finer grinding and polishing in the arts, and for cleaning metallic substances. The name is also given to other friable siliceous stones applied to like uses. Syn. -- Putrefied; decayed; carious; defective; unsound; corrupt; deceitful; treacherous. --
Rot"ten*ly ,
adverb --
Rot"ten*ness ,
noun
Rotula Rot"u·la noun [ Latin , a little wheel; confer Italian
rotula .]
(Anat.) The patella, or kneepan.
Rotular Rot"u·lar adjective [ Latin
rotula , dim. of
rota wheel.]
(Anat.) Of or pertaining to the rotula, or kneepan.
Rotund Ro·tund" adjective [ Latin
rotundus . See
Round , and confer
Rotunda .]
1. Round; circular; spherical. 2. Hence, complete; entire. 3. (Botany) Orbicular, or nearly so. Gray.
Rotund Ro·tund" noun A rotunda. [ Obsolete]
Burke.
Rotunda Ro·tun"da noun [ Confer Italian
rotonda , French
rotonde ; both from Latin
rotundus round. See
Rotund ,
adjective ]
(Architecture) A round building; especially, one that is round both on the outside and inside, like the Pantheon at Rome. Less properly, but very commonly, used for a large round room; as, the rotunda of the Capitol at Washington.
Rotundate Ro·tund"ate adjective Rounded; especially, rounded at the end or ends, or at the corners.
Rotundifolious Ro·tund`i·fo"li·ous adjective [ Latin
rotundus round +
folium a leaf.]
(Botany) Having round leaves.
Rotundity Ro·tund"i·ty noun [ Latin
rotunditas : confer French
rotondité .]
1. The state or quality of being rotu...; roundness; sphericity; circularity. Smite flat the thick rotundity o'the world!
Shak. 2. Hence, completeness; entirety; roundness. For the more rotundity of the number and grace of the matter, it passeth for a full thousand.
Fuller. A boldness and rotundity of speech.
Hawthorne.
Rotundness Ro·tund"ness noun Roundness; rotundity.
Rotundo Ro·tun"do noun See Rotunda .
Roture Ro`ture noun [ French]
1. The condition of being a roturier. 2. (Fr. & Canadian Law) A feudal tenure of lands by one who has no privileges of nobility, but is permitted to discharge all his obligations to his feudal lord or superior by a payment of rent in money or kind and without rendering any personal services.
Roturer Ro·tur"er noun A roturier. [ Obsolete]
Howell.
Roturier Ro`tu`rier" noun [ French]
A person who is not of noble birth; specif., a freeman who during the prevalence of feudalism held allodial land.
Roty Rot"y transitive verb [ See
Rot .]
To make rotten. [ Obsolete]
Well bet is rotten apple out of hoard,
Than that it roty all the remenant.
Chaucer.
Rouble Rou"ble noun A coin. See Ruble .
Rouche Rouche noun See Ruche .
Roué Rou`é" noun [ French, properly past participle of
rouer to break upon the wheel, from
roue a wheel, Latin
rota . See
Rotate ,
Rotary .]
One devoted to a life of sensual pleasure; a debauchee; a rake.
Rouet Rou`et" noun [ French]
A small wheel formerly fixed to the pan of firelocks for discharging them. Crabb.
Rouge Rouge adjective [ French, from Latin
rubeus red, akin to
rubere to be red,
ruber red. See
Red .]
red. [ R.]
Rouge Rouge noun [ French]
1. (Chemistry) A red amorphous powder consisting of ferric oxide. It is used in polishing glass, metal, or gems, and as a cosmetic, etc. Called also crocus , jeweler's rouge , etc. 2. A cosmetic used for giving a red color to the cheeks or lips. The best is prepared from the dried flowers of the safflower, but it is often made from carmine. Ure.
Rouge Rouge intransitive verb [
imperfect & past participle Rouged ;
present participle & verbal noun Rouging .]
To paint the face or cheeks with rouge.
Rouge Rouge transitive verb To tint with rouge; as, to rouge the face or the cheeks.
Rouge dragon Rouge" drag`on noun [ French, literally, red dragon.]
(Her.) One of the four pursuivants of the English college of arms.
Rougecroix Rouge`croix" noun [ French, literally, red cross.]
(Her.) One of the four pursuivants of the English college of arms.
Rough Rough adjective [
Compar. Rougher ;
superl. Roughest .] [ Middle English
rou... ,
rou ,
row ,
rugh ,
ruh , Anglo-Saxon
r...h ; akin to LG.
rug , Dutch
rug , Dutch
ruig ,
ruw , Old High German
r...h , German
rauh ,
rauch ; confer Lithuanian
raukas wrinkle,
rukti to wrinkle. √ 18. Confer
Rug ,
noun ]
1. Having inequalities, small ridges, or points, on the surface; not smooth or plain; as, a rough board; a rough stone; rough cloth. Specifically:
(a) Not level; having a broken surface; uneven; -- said of a piece of land, or of a road. "Rough, uneven ways."
Shak. (b) Not polished; uncut; -- said of a gem; as, a rough diamond. (c) Tossed in waves; boisterous; high; -- said of a sea or other piece of water. More unequal than the roughest sea.
T. Burnet. (d) Marked by coarseness; shaggy; ragged; disordered; -- said of dress, appearance, or the like; as, a rough coat. "A visage
rough ."
Dryden. "
Rough satyrs."
Milton. 2. Hence, figuratively, lacking refinement, gentleness, or polish. Specifically:
(a) Not courteous or kind; harsh; rude; uncivil; as, a rough temper. A fiend, a fury, pitiless and rough .
Shak. A surly boatman, rough as wayes or winds.
Prior. (b) Marked by severity or violence; harsh; hard; as, rough measures or actions. On the rough edge of battle.
Milton. A quicker and rougher remedy.
Clarendon. Kind words prevent a good deal of that perverseness which rough and imperious usage often produces.
Locke. (c) Loud and hoarse; offensive to the ear; harsh; grating; -- said of sound, voice, and the like; as, a rough tone; rough numbers. Pope. (d) Austere; harsh to the taste; as, rough wine. (e) Tempestuous; boisterous; stormy; as, rough weather; a rough day. He stayeth his rough wind.
Isa. xxvii. 8. Time and the hour runs through the roughest day.
Shak. (f) Hastily or carelessly done; wanting finish; incomplete; as, a rough estimate; a rough draught. Rough diamond ,
an uncut diamond; hence, colloquially, a person of intrinsic worth under a rude exterior. --
Rough and ready .
(a) Acting with offhand promptness and efficiency . "The
rough and ready understanding."
Lowell. (b) Produced offhand. "Some
rough and ready theory."
Tylor.
Rough Rough noun 1. Boisterous weather. [ Obsolete]
Fletcher. 2. A rude fellow; a coarse bully; a rowdy. In the rough ,
in an unwrought or rude condition; unpolished; as, a diamond or a sketch in the rough . Contemplating the people in the rough .
Mrs. Browning.
Rough Rough adverb In a rough manner; rudely; roughly. Sleeping rough on the trenches, and dying stubbornly in their boats.
Sir W. Scott.
Rough Rough transitive verb 1. To render rough; to roughen. 2. To break in, as a horse, especially for military purposes. Crabb. 3. To cut or make in a hasty, rough manner; -- with out ; as, to rough out a carving, a sketch. Roughing rolls ,
rolls for reducing, in a rough manner, a bloom of iron to bars. --
To rough it ,
to endure hard conditions of living; to live without ordinary comforts.
Rough-footed Rough"-foot`ed adjective (Zoology) Feather-footed; as, a rough-footed dove. [ R.]
Sherwood.
Rough-grained Rough"-grained adjective Having a rough grain or fiber; hence, figuratively, having coarse traits of character; not polished; brisque.
Rough-legged Rough"-legged` adjective (Zoology) Having the legs covered with feathers; -- said of a bird. rough-legged hawk .
(Zoology) See Roughleg .
Roughcast Rough`cast" transitive verb 1. To form in its first rudiments, without revision, correction, or polish. Dryden. 2. To mold without nicety or elegance; to form with asperities and inequalities. 3. To plaster with a mixture of lime and shells or pebbles; as, to roughcast a building.
Roughcast Rough"cast` noun 1. A rude model; the rudimentary, unfinished form of a thing. 2. A kind of plastering made of lime, with a mixture of shells or pebbles, used for covering buildings. Shak.
Roughcaster Rough"cast`er noun One who roughcasts.
Roughdraw Rough"draw` transitive verb To draw or delineate rapidly and by way of a first sketch.
Roughdry Rough"dry` transitive verb in laundry work, to dry without smoothing or ironing.
Roughen Rough"en transitive verb [
imperfect & past participle Roughened ;
present participle & verbal noun Roughening .] [ From
Rough .]
To make rough.
Roughen Rough"en intransitive verb To grow or become rough.
Roughhead Rough"head` noun (Zoology) The redfin.
Roughhew Rough"hew` transitive verb 1. To hew coarsely, without smoothing; as, to roughhew timber. 2. To give the first form or shape to; to form rudely; to shape approximately and rudely; to roughcast. There's a divinity that shapes our ends,
Roughhew them how we will.
Shak.
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